Soil continuous cropping obstacle repairing agent and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a soil continuous cropping obstacle repairing agent and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The soil continuous cropping obstacle repairing agent comprises biomass charcoal loaded with bacillus velezensis or a composition formed by combining the biomass charcoal loaded with the bacillus velezensis and oryzanol. According to the method, the biomass charcoal loaded with the bacillus velezensis is independently applied or combined with oryzanol to be applied to soil with continuous cropping obstacles, and compared with blank control, plant growth and crop yield improvement can be promoted, and the morbidity of crops can be reduced. The soil continuous cropping obstacle repairing agent provides a basis for sustainable development of facility cultivation agriculture by effectively repairing soil ecological environments including soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular relates to a soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the specialized and intensive production model of facility vegetables, high multiple cropping index and single crop variety, as the cultivation years increase, continuous cropping obstacles become a bottleneck problem that needs to be solved urgently in its sustainable development.

[0003] Continuous cropping disorder refers to the phenomenon that when crops of the same species or family are continuously cultivated on the same land, even under normal management, the growth potential of crops will weaken, the yield will decrease, and the quality will decline. The industry generally believes that the main causes of continuous cropping disorder are soil functional degradation, nutrient deficiency, accumulation of soil-borne pests and diseases, plant autotoxicity, and imbalance of rhizosphere micro-ecological system.

[0004] The current comprehensive prevention and repair of continuous cropping obstacles mainly include three aspects: cultivation prevention, engineering prevention and biological prevention. Crop rotation, intercropping or companion planting, grafting technology and selection of resistant varieties have become important cultivation prevention measures for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles of vegetables. However, cultivation prevention mainly improves crops and planting methods, which often cannot meet the needs of large-scale sustainable production. Engineering prevention is currently the most widely used approach, with soil disinfection, high-temperature greenhouses, and the application of quicklime and biochar organic fertilizers being the most typical. Studies have found that soil disinfection, high-temperature greenhouses and quicklime application all have the defect of not being able to completely overcome continuous cropping obstacles, and have certain pollution to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent, which combines biochar and microbial agents to repair crop barrier soil, which can not only increase the yield of planted crops but also is green and pollution-free.

[0006] The present invention provides a soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent, comprising biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez; The live bacterial concentration of the Velez Bacillus is ≥ 0.9×10 8 CFU / g biochar.

[0007] Preferably, the live bacterial concentration of the Bacillus Velezii is ≥ 2.2×10 8 CFU / g biochar.

[0008] Preferably, the biomass charcoal includes at least one of the following: wood charcoal, straw charcoal and livestock manure charcoal.

[0009] Preferably, the method for preparing the biochar is to anaerobic pyrolysis the crushed biomass raw material at 500-600°C for 8-9 hours, and then crush it through a 90-100 mesh sieve after cooling, and collect the sieve residue.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes independently packaged oryzanol; The mass of biochar loaded with Bacillus velezensis and the volume of oryzanol solution are 3~4t:3~4L.

[0011] The mass percentage concentration of the oryzanol solution is 0.004% to 0.006%.

[0012] The present invention provides application of the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent in overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacle.

[0013] Preferably, overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacles is manifested in at least one of the following aspects: promoting crop growth, increasing crop yield and reducing the incidence of crop diseases.

[0014] The crops include cash crops and / or food crops; The cash crops include vegetables and / or fruits.

[0015] The invention provides a method for overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacles, comprising the following steps: applying the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent as base fertilizer into the soil before crop planting or sowing, applying or not applying oryzanol during crop growth, and field management.

[0016] Preferably, the application mass of the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent is 3-4 t / mu; When oryzanol is applied, the mass percentage concentration of oryzanol is 0.004% to 0.006%; The application volume of the oryzanol is 3-4 L / mu.

[0017] The present invention provides a soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent, comprising biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez; the loaded live bacteria concentration of Bacillus Velez is ≥ 0.9×10 8CFU / g biochar. The present invention loads Bacillus Velez in biochar, and the biochar provides a good loading carrier for Bacillus Velez, which provides a guarantee for Bacillus Velez to regulate the microbial flora structure in the soil, reduce the density of pathogens, promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, promote the transformation and supply of plant nutrients, and purify pollutants in the soil. At the same time, biochar also has the function of regulating the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Experiments show that when biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez is applied as a repair agent to soil with continuous cropping obstacles, it can not only promote plant growth and increase crop yield, but also reduce the incidence of crops compared with the blank control. This shows that the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent can effectively repair the soil ecological environment including soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial environment, and provide a basis for the sustainable development of facility cultivation agriculture.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention specifically defines the types of biochar in the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent, including wood charcoal, straw charcoal and livestock manure charcoal. Experiments show that the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent prepared from the three types of biochar can reduce the incidence rate compared with the single application of Bacillus Velez subtilis group, but the three types of biochar have differences in promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield. Specifically, the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent prepared from straw charcoal has the effect of promoting the growth of the aboveground part of the crop compared with the single application of Bacillus Velez subtilis group.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention specifically defines that the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent also includes oryzanin. The biochar loaded with Bacillus Velezii combined with oryzanin can not only promote the growth of crops and increase crop yields, but also reduce the incidence of crops planted on the repaired soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Results of loading different types of biochar with Bacillus Velez. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent, comprising biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez; the loaded live bacteria concentration of Bacillus Velez is ≥ 0.9×10 8 CFU / g biochar.

[0022] In the present invention, the live bacterial concentration of the Bacillus Velezii is preferably ≥ 2.2×10 8 CFU / g biochar can be (2.6~100)×10 8 CFU / g biochar can also be 10×10 8 CFU / g biochar, 20×10 8 CFU / g biochar, 40×108 CFU / g biochar, 50×10 8 CFU / g biochar, 70×10 8 CFU / g biochar, 80×10 8 CFU / g biochar, 90×10 8 CFU / g biochar. The Velez bacillus was purchased from Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., registration number: Microbial Fertilizer (2021) Standard No. (9925). The biochar preferably includes at least one of the following: wood charcoal, straw charcoal and livestock manure charcoal, more preferably straw charcoal and livestock manure charcoal, and most preferably straw charcoal. The results of the Velez bacillus loading experiment in the present invention show that biochar prepared from different materials have differences in the number of live bacteria of Velez bacillus loaded, with straw charcoal having the largest loading capacity, followed by wood charcoal, and finally livestock manure charcoal. The wood charcoal preferably includes biochar prepared from tree branches as raw materials, such as pine, cypress, poplar, etc. The livestock manure charcoal preferably includes the following manure: chicken manure, duck manure, goose manure, pigeon manure, cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure, donkey manure and horse manure, etc. The straw charcoal preferably includes biochar prepared from at least one of rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, millet straw, peanut vine, etc. The method for preparing the biochar is preferably to place the crushed biomass raw material in a muffle furnace for anaerobic pyrolysis at 500-600° C. for 8-9 hours, and then grind it to room temperature and pass it through a 90-100 mesh sieve to collect the sieve residue.

[0023] In the present invention, the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent preferably also includes independently packaged oryzanin. Oryzanin exists in the form of a solution. The mass percentage concentration of the oryzanin solution is preferably 0.004% to 0.006%, more preferably 0.005%. The mass of the biochar loaded with Bacillus Velezii and the volume of the oryzanin solution are preferably 3 to 4 t: 3 to 4 L, more preferably 4 t: 3.75 L.

[0024] In the present invention, the role of the Velez Bacillus is to inhibit the activity of pathogens with metabolites and induce plants to produce disease resistance. The role of the biochar is to improve the soil itself, and at the same time, its macroporous structure can provide a stable habitat and proliferation site for Velez Bacillus.

[0025] The present invention preferably provides a method for preparing a soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent, comprising the following steps: The culture solution or fermentation solution of Bacillus Velez is inoculated into biochar, and loaded and cultured to obtain a soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent.

[0026] In the present invention, the method for preparing the culture liquid or fermentation liquid of the Velez Bacillus is preferably to inoculate the Velez Bacillus into the LB medium for shaking culture. The temperature of the shaking culture is preferably 25-28°C, more preferably 26-27°C. The shaking culture time is preferably 38-42h, more preferably 40h. The rotation speed of the shaking culture is preferably 180-220rpm, more preferably 200rpm. The volume of the culture liquid or fermentation liquid of the Velez Bacillus and the mass ratio of the biochar are preferably 1mL:1-1.4g, more preferably 1mL:1-1.2g. The rotation speed of the load culture is preferably 180-220rpm, more preferably 200rpm. The temperature of the load culture is preferably 25-28°C, more preferably 26-27°C. The load culture time is preferably 18-22h, more preferably 20h. After the load culture, the Velez Bacillus colonizes in the pores of the biochar, achieving immobilization while reducing the impact of the external environment on the Velez Bacillus, and maintaining higher bacterial activity.

[0027] The present invention provides application of the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent in overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacle.

[0028] In the present invention, the overcoming of soil continuous cropping obstacles is preferably manifested in at least one of the following aspects: promoting crop growth, increasing crop yield and reducing the incidence of crop diseases. The promotion of crop growth is preferably manifested in increasing the length and fresh weight of the above-ground and underground parts of the crops; the increasing crop yield preferably includes increasing the weight of fruits per plant and the weight of single fruit. Reducing the incidence of crop diseases is preferably that no or less pests and diseases are observed on the appearance of plants and fruits.

[0029] In the present invention, the crops preferably include cash crops and / or food crops. The food crops include corn, wheat, rice, millet, sorghum, soybeans, etc. The cash crops preferably include vegetables and / or fruits. The vegetables preferably include Solanaceae plants. The problem of continuous cropping obstacles of Solanaceae vegetables is more prominent. In the embodiments of the present invention, tomatoes are taken as an example to illustrate the effect of the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent prepared by the present invention on soil continuous cropping obstacle repair.

[0030] The invention provides a method for overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacles, comprising the following steps: applying the soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent as base fertilizer into the soil before crop planting or sowing, applying or not applying oryzanol during crop growth, and field management.

[0031] In the present invention, the application mass of the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent is preferably 3-4 t / mu, more preferably 3.75 t / mu. The base fertilizer also includes compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is preferably N:P:K=15:15:15. The application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 25-35 kg / mu, more preferably 30 kg / mu.

[0032] In the present invention, when oryzanol is applied, the working concentration of oryzanol is preferably 0.004% to 0.006%, more preferably 0.005%. The application volume of oryzanol is preferably 3 to 4 L / mu, more preferably 3.75 L / mu.

[0033] In the present invention, whether the biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez subtilis alone or the biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez subtilis combined with oryzanin is applied to the soil with continuous cropping disorder as a soil continuous cropping disorder repair agent, it can promote the growth and yield of crops and improve the resistance of crops to diseases and insect pests.

[0034] The soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent and its application provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 A preparation method of fermentation liquid of Bacillus velez 1. Source of strains Bacillus Velez was purchased from Tonglu Huifeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Province. Registration certificate number: Microbial Fertilizer (2021) Approval No. (9925).

[0036] 2. Cultivation Methods Bacillus Velez subtilis was inoculated into LB medium and cultured in a constant temperature shaker at 25° C. at 200 rpm for 40 h, and the fermentation broth of Bacillus Velez subtilis was collected.

[0037] 3. Fermentation broth dilution gradient screening The fermentation broth prepared above was diluted with ultrapure water in a gradient manner, and the dilution multiple (concentration of viable bacteria) was: 5 (1.57×10 8 / ml), 10 (1.03×10 8 / ml), 20 (6.30×10 7 / ml), 30 (4.55×10 7 / ml), 40 (3.60×10 7 / ml), 100 (1.79×10 7 / ml), 200 (1.08×10 7 / ml), 300 (9.50×10 6 / ml), 400 (7.90×10 6 / ml), 1000 (6.30×10 6 / ml) times, and the OD 600 The value records the bacterial population data.

[0038] Since the OD of microbial culture 600 When the value is equal to 1, the microorganisms are in a period of vigorous proliferation, which is most conducive to loading. A 10-fold diluted fermentation broth is selected for production loading.

[0039] Example 2 Preparation method of wood charcoal, straw charcoal and pig manure charcoal The crushed biochar raw materials (straw fragments, pig manure and pine sawdust) were compacted and covered in a crucible, placed in a muffle furnace for anaerobic pyrolysis at 500 °C for 8 h, cooled to room temperature, ground through a 100-mesh sieve, and the sieve residues were collected to obtain straw charcoal, pig manure charcoal and wood charcoal.

[0040] Example 3 Evaluation of the effect of different types of biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez The biomass charcoal (wood charcoal, straw charcoal and pig manure charcoal) prepared in Example 2 was passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and the sieve-under was collected and sterilized at 121° C. for 10 min and then placed at room temperature.

[0041] 1 ml of the diluted solution (10-fold dilution) of the fermentation broth of Bacillus Velez prepared in Example 1 was inoculated into 1.2 g of biochar and cultured with shaking at 25° C. and 200 rpm for 20 h to obtain biochar loaded with Bacillus Velez.

[0042] The biochar loaded with Bacillus Velezii was diluted 10 times and coated. The coated plate was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 25°C for 20 hours and counted. The results are shown in Tables 1 and Figure 1 From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the number of live bacteria of Bacillus Velez is ranked from high to low: straw charcoal > wood charcoal > pig manure charcoal. As a beneficial microorganism in the soil, Bacillus Velez plays a role in regulating the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the structure of the microbial flora. Therefore, the higher the loading amount of Bacillus Velez, the better the effect of the expected remediation agent.

[0043] Table 1 Results of different biochar loadings with Bacillus Velez

[0044] Example 4 A method for applying soil continuous cropping obstacle repair agent A plot of tomato planted for two consecutive years in a plantation in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province was used as the experimental field. The experimental field was divided into 9 experimental areas (T1-T9), each with an area of ​​12m 2 , three replicates were set up in each experimental area.

[0045] T1: blank control group, only compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer before planting tomato plants, with an application rate of 30kg / mu; T2: charcoal group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer at an application rate of 30 kg / mu, and charcoal prepared by the method of Example 2 was applied at an application rate of 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20 cm); T3: Straw charcoal group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer, the application amount was 30kg / mu, and straw charcoal prepared by the method of Example 2 was applied at the same time, the application amount of straw charcoal was 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20cm); T4: Pig manure charcoal group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer, the application amount was 30kg / mu, and the pig manure charcoal prepared by the method of Example 2 was applied at the same time, the application amount of pig manure charcoal was 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20cm); T5: bacterial group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer at a rate of 30 kg / mu, and Bacillus Velez was applied at a rate of 3.75 L / mu; T6: wood charcoal + bacteria group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer at a rate of 30 kg / mu, and wood charcoal loaded with Bacillus Velezii was applied at a rate of 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20 cm); T7: Straw charcoal + bacteria group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer at a rate of 30 kg / mu, and straw charcoal loaded with Bacillus Velezii was applied at a rate of 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20 cm); T8: Pig manure charcoal + bacteria group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer, the application rate was 30kg / mu, and pig manure charcoal loaded with Bacillus Velezii was applied at the same time, the application rate was 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20cm); T9: Straw charcoal + bacteria + oryzanol group, before planting tomato plants, compound fertilizer (N:P:K=15:15:15) was applied as base fertilizer, with an application amount of 30kg / mu, and straw charcoal loaded with Bacillus Velezii was applied at the same time, with an application amount of 2.5% of the mass of the surface soil (20cm); during the planting of tomato seedlings, 1% oryzanol 200 times diluted solution was applied in the form of root irrigation, with an application amount of 15ml / plant.

[0046] The tomato plant planting methods and water and fertilizer management in the T1-T9 group plots were the same, and the planting was carried out according to the traditional planting methods of local farmers.

[0047] The field test statistical method was to measure the fresh weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the tomato plants 75 days after planting. At the same time, the fruit set, single fruit weight and disease status of the tomato plants were counted, and the significant differences among the groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and LSD test.

[0048] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Table 2 Effects of different treatment groups on tomato growth, yield and incidence

[0050] Note: Different letters indicate significant differences in the data in the same column P ≤0.05.

[0051] From the results in Table 2, we can see that the aboveground fresh weight (aboveground biomass) of the plants in T7 was 916.67 g / plant, the aboveground fresh weight (aboveground biomass) of the plants in T8 was 890.12 g / plant, and the aboveground fresh weight (aboveground biomass) of the plants in T9 was 917.00 g / plant, which were 43.79%, 39.62%, and 43.84% higher than those in the control group (637.50 g / plant), showing significant differences; the underground fresh weight (underground biomass) of the plants in T7 was 30.35 g / plant, the underground fresh weight (aboveground biomass) of the plants in T8 was 29.42 g / plant, and the underground fresh weight (underground biomass) of the plants in T9 was 42.37 g / plant, which were 64.59%, 59.44%, and 129.77% higher than those in the control group (18.44 g / plant). It shows that the combination of Bacillus Velez, straw charcoal and oryzanol can further effectively promote plant growth.

[0052] In terms of tomato yield, the average number of fruits per plant in T7 was 13, the average number of fruits per plant in T8 was 13.67, and the average number of fruits per plant in T9 was 11.5, which were 44.44%, 51.89%, and 33.33% higher than those in the control group, respectively. The average single fruit weight of tomato fruits in T7 was 246.18g, the average single fruit weight of tomato fruits in T8 was 248.3g, and the average single fruit weight of tomato fruits in T9 was 265g, which were 14.5%, 15.49%, and 23.26% higher than those in the control group, respectively. This indicates that the combination of Bacillus Velez + straw charcoal + oryzanthin can significantly increase the yield of single tomato plants.

[0053] In terms of disease prevention and control, the incidence of continuous cropping diseases in T2~T8 was 40%~70%, which was significantly different from the 100% in the control group. The incidence of continuous cropping diseases in T9 dropped from 100% in the control group to 39.60%, a decrease of 60.4%. This shows that the combination of Bacillus Velez + straw charcoal + oryzanthone can effectively reduce the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases and help overcome the problem of continuous cropping obstacles in greenhouse soil.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent, characterized in that: including biochar loaded with Bacillus velez; The live bacterial concentration of the Velez Bacillus is ≥ 0.9×10 8 CFU / g biochar.

2. The soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The live bacterial concentration of the Velez Bacillus is ≥ 2.2×10 8 CFU / g biochar.

3. The soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass charcoal includes at least one of the following: wood charcoal, straw charcoal and livestock manure charcoal.

4. The soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the biomass charcoal comprises the following steps: anaerobic pyrolysis of the crushed biomass raw material at 500-600° C. for 8-9 hours, cooling the crushed biomass raw material, crushing the raw material through a 90-100 mesh sieve, and collecting the sieve residue.

5. The soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also included are individually packaged oryzanthin; The mass of biochar loaded with Bacillus velez and the volume of oryzanol solution are 3~4t:3~4L; The mass percentage concentration of the oryzanol solution is 0.004% to 0.006%.

6. Use of the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in overcoming soil continuous cropping barriers.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The overcoming of soil continuous cropping obstacles is manifested in at least one of the following aspects: promoting crop growth, increasing crop yield and reducing the incidence of crop diseases.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The crops include cash crops and / or food crops; The cash crops include vegetables and / or fruits.

9. A method for overcoming soil continuous cropping obstacles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Before planting or sowing crops, the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is applied to the soil as a base fertilizer, and oryzanol is applied or not applied during the crop growth period for field management.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The application mass of the soil continuous cropping barrier repair agent is 3-4 t / mu; When oryzanol is applied, the mass percentage concentration of oryzanol is 0.004% to 0.006%; The application volume of the oryzanol is 3-4 L / mu.

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