Coal and gas outburst early warning method and system for monitoring layered deformation of soft and hard coal

Abstract

The invention provides a coal and gas outburst early warning system and method for monitoring soft and hard coal layering deformation in the field of underground coal mines, and the system comprises a test light source, a camera and an acoustic radar; the test light source is mounted on the triangular bracket and emits a light beam to the working surface; the camera is installed on the triangular support and shoots the working face area illuminated by the light beams. The acoustic radar sends acoustic waves to the working face and feeds back the time when the acoustic waves reach the working face to the upper computer; the upper computer receives an image, fed back by the camera, of the working face area illuminated by the light beams, and identifies distribution areas of soft coal layering and hard coal layering; the upper computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working face according to the time when the sound wave fed back by the sound wave radar reaches the working face, and judges whether the working face carries out coal and gas outburst early warning or not; according to the method, prediction and early warning of coal and gas outburst omen such as coal wall caving, slag falling and coal blasting in the advancing process of the working face can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underground coal mines, and provides a coal and gas outburst early warning method and system for monitoring the stratified deformation of soft and hard coal. Background Art

[0002] The depth of coal mining increases year by year. With the continuous increase in the depth of coal seam mining, coal and gas outburst disasters in deep coal seam mining are becoming more and more serious. The monitoring and early warning of coal and gas outburst disasters are more difficult, which has become the main reason restricting coal production safety. The purpose of coal and gas outburst monitoring and early warning is to predict the possibility of coal and gas outburst disasters in advance, take anti-outburst measures to eliminate the danger of coal and gas outburst in the mining or excavation working face and evacuate personnel in time to ensure the safe production of the working face.

[0003] After the tectonic coal seam stratification appears in the mining face and the heading face, the strength of the tectonic coal stratification is low and it is easy to deform. The tectonic coal stratification and the primary coal stratification are subjected to mining disturbance and the asynchronous deformation and instability is the main reason for inducing coal and gas outburst. The existing coal and gas outburst monitoring and early warning methods mainly include drill cuttings value, gas early warning, coal-rock fracture signal monitoring, etc. The drill cuttings value predicts the danger of coal and gas outburst and requires the construction of verification holes on the heading face. The construction time is long, and there is a problem of blind spots in detection due to unreasonable drilling arrangement; the early warning indicators of early warning methods such as gas early warning and coal-rock fracture signal monitoring are not unified, the critical value is difficult to define, the monitoring and early warning results are inaccurate, and the false alarm rate is high. The existing early warning method cannot identify the soft coal stratification in the working face, and it is difficult to make effective early warnings for the asynchronous deformation of soft and hard coal stratification-induced coal and gas outbursts. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a coal and gas outburst early warning method and system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, so as to supplement the technical problem that the prior art cannot effectively warn of coal and gas outburst dangers, specifically including:

[0005] A coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation includes a host computer and also includes:

[0006] A test light source, which is mounted on a tripod and emits a light beam toward the work surface;

[0007] A camera, wherein the camera is mounted on the tripod and photographs the working surface area illuminated by the light beam;

[0008] An acoustic radar, which emits acoustic waves to the working surface and feeds back the time when the acoustic waves reach the working surface to a host computer;

[0009] The host computer receives the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam fed back by the camera, and the host computer analyzes the coal seam distribution trend of the working face according to the historical occurrence information and the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam;

[0010] The host computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface according to the time when the sound wave fed back by the sonic radar reaches the working surface;

[0011] The host computer determines whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning for the working face by measuring the deformation of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation of the hard coal layer on the working face.

[0012] A coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation is applied to the above-mentioned coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, and also includes the following method:

[0013] S1, the test light source emits a light beam to the working surface;

[0014] S2, the camera collects image information of the working surface illuminated by the light beam, and the camera transmits the image information of the working surface to the host computer;

[0015] S3, the host computer determines the distribution of soft and hard coal in the working face in the image information of the working face according to the sample soft and hard coal grayscale value spectrum, the acoustic radar emits sound waves to the soft coal layer on the working face, and the acoustic radar feeds back the time from the sound wave to the soft coal layer to the host computer;

[0016] S4, the host computer predicts the distribution trend of soft coal layers on the working face in the excavation direction according to the historical occurrence information and the distribution of soft and hard coal on the working face; at the same time, the host computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working face according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working face;

[0017] S5, the host computer obtains the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer according to the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface;

[0018] S6. The host computer determines whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning based on the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

[0019] Optionally, the method for establishing the sample soft and hard coal gray value map includes:

[0020] Collect coal samples at different heights in the coal mine where the working face is located to obtain a coal sample group;

[0021] Calculating the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group to obtain the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group;

[0022] Classifying each sample in the coal sample group according to the solidity coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group to obtain a soft coal sample group and a hard coal sample group;

[0023] Testing each sample in the soft coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a soft coal gray value spectrum;

[0024] Testing each sample in the hard coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a hard coal gray value spectrum;

[0025] Combining the soft coal ash value map and the hard coal ash value map to obtain a soft and hard coal ash value map;

[0026] The test light source used when establishing the gray value spectrum of the sample soft and hard coal and the test light source that emits a light beam to the working surface are the same light source.

[0027] Optionally, the test light source is a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp or an LED lamp.

[0028] Optionally, the testing each sample in the soft coal sample group by the test light source to obtain the soft coal gray value spectrum includes:

[0029] The light sources in the test space include only the test light sources;

[0030] The test light source is aimed at a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is a sample of a soft coal sample group;

[0031] The camera collects an image of the sample to be tested illuminated by the test light source to obtain a grayscale value of the sample to be tested;

[0032] When the grayscale value calculation of each sample in the soft coal sample group is completed, the grayscale value of each sample in the soft coal sample group forms a soft coal grayscale value map.

[0033] Optionally, the testing each sample in the hard coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a hard coal gray value map includes:

[0034] The light sources in the test space include only the test light sources;

[0035] The test light source is aimed at a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is a sample of a hard coal sample group;

[0036] The camera collects an image of the sample to be tested illuminated by the test light source to obtain a grayscale value of the sample to be tested;

[0037] When the grayscale value calculation of each sample in the hard coal sample group is completed, the grayscale value of each sample in the hard coal sample group forms a hard coal grayscale value map.

[0038] Optionally, the upper computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working surface, including:

[0039] The calculation formula of the deformation amount of the soft coal layer or the hard coal layer on the working surface is formula (1):

[0040]

[0041] Among them, ΔL is the deformation amount of the soft coal layer or the hard coal layer currently calculated, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air, t1 is the time required for the point on the base surface where no deformation occurs on the working surface to reach the acoustic wave radar, and t2 is the time required for the most prominent point on the working surface where deformation occurs to reach the acoustic wave radar.

[0042] Optionally, the upper computer of S5 obtains the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer according to the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface, including:

[0043] The formula for the average deformation of the soft coal layer is formula (2), and the formula for the average deformation of the hard coal layer is formula (3):

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Among them, D 软 is the average deformation of the soft coal layer, D 硬 is the average deformation of the hard coal layer; ΔL i is the deformation of the coal body at pixel point i in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area; n is the number of pixels in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area.

[0047] Optionally, the upper computer of S6 calculates the difference between the average deformation of the soft coal layer and the average deformation of the hard coal layer using the following formula (4):

[0048] X=D 软 -D 硬 (4)

[0050] Wherein, X is the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

[0051] Optionally, the criteria for determining whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning include:

[0052] When X ≥ 50% D 硬 When the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is triggered, the host computer issues a coal outburst and gas outburst warning; otherwise, the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is not triggered.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0054] The patent of this invention uses the principle of different grayscale values ​​of reflected light from soft coal layers and hard coal layers to partition the reflected light of the coal wall of the working face, which can effectively identify the thickness and distribution area of ​​soft coal layers in the mining and excavation working faces, and can use acoustic radar to identify the deformation degree of soft coal layers and hard coal layers, and integrate and warn the distribution information and deformation information of soft coal layers and hard coal layers, and establish a method for synchronous deformation monitoring and early warning of coal and gas outbursts of soft and hard coal. The patent of this invention can effectively identify the distribution area of ​​soft coal layers and hard coal layers in the working face, capture the deformation degree of the working face and the soft coal layers in the working face, and can realize the prediction and early warning of coal and gas outburst signs such as coal wall spalling, slag falling, and coal cannons during the advancement of the working face, which is of great significance to the precise prevention and control of coal and gas outbursts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of the coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation provided by the present invention at a working face;

[0057] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gray value range of soft and hard coal provided by the present invention.

[0059] Reference numerals:

[0060] 1. Test light source; 2. Camera; 3. Mounting bracket; 4. Sonic radar; 5. Signal connection; 6. Host computer; 7. Triangle bracket; 8. Coal seam roof; 9. Coal seam floor; 10. Hard coal layering; 11. Soft coal layering. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0064] After tectonic coal seam stratification appears at the mining face and the excavation face, the coal body of the tectonic coal stratification has low strength and is easy to deform. The tectonic coal stratification and the primary coal stratification are subjected to asynchronous deformation and instability due to mining disturbance, which is the main reason for inducing coal and gas outburst.

[0065] Therefore, the present invention provides a coal and gas outburst early warning system and method for monitoring the stratified deformation of soft and hard coal, which is used for early warning of coal and gas outburst.

[0066] like Figure 1 to Figure 2The coal and gas outburst warning system for monitoring the deformation of soft and hard coal stratification includes a host computer 6, and also includes: a test light source 1, a camera 2 and a sonic radar 4; the test light source 1 is installed on a tripod bracket 7, and the test light source 1 emits a light beam to a working face; the camera 2 is installed on the tripod bracket 7, and the camera 2 photographs the working face area illuminated by the light beam; the sonic radar 4 emits sound waves to the working face and feeds back the time when the sound waves reach the working face to the host computer 6; the host computer 6 receives the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam fed back by the camera 2, and the host computer 6 analyzes the coal seam distribution trend of the working face according to the historical occurrence information and the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam; the host computer 6 obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal stratification on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal stratification on the working face according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working face fed back by the sonic radar 4; the host computer 6 determines whether the working face is to be warned of coal and gas outburst according to the deformation amount of the soft coal stratification on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal stratification on the working face.

[0067] The specific implementation of this system includes: assembling this system, setting a mounting frame 3 on a tripod, the mounting frame 3 is installed on the top of the tripod, the specific structures of the mounting frame 3 and the tripod are existing technologies, the mounting frame 3 is mainly used to be installed on the test light source 1 and the camera 2, wherein the camera 2 and the host computer 6 are signal connected 5, and the sonic radar 4 and the host computer 6 are also signal connected 5.

[0068] like Figure 1 As described above, when the system is brought to the destination, in the tunnel under the coal mine, the top of the tunnel is the coal seam roof 8, the bottom of the tunnel is the coal seam floor 9, and the unexcavated coal seam in the excavation direction of the working face includes a soft coal layer 11 and a hard coal layer 10, but the distribution of the soft coal layer 11 and the distribution of the hard coal layer 10 are random. Figure 1 This is just a distribution form under a relatively uniform distribution. This embodiment includes any distribution form of soft and hard coal seams, not limited to Figure 1 The soft and hard coal stratification forms shown.

[0069] Bring the system to the destination, and place it in front of the work surface in the tunnel underground in the coal mine. In the entire test environment, turn on the test light source, and shine the light beam of the test light source on the work surface. At this time, the camera captures the work surface illuminated by the test light source, and the camera feeds the captured image information back to the host computer.

[0070] The host computer determines the distribution of coal seams on the working surface based on the image information, and obtains the conditions of the soft coal layer 11 and the hard coal layer 10. Then the acoustic radar emits acoustic waves to the undeformed surface points on the soft coal layer 11, and emits acoustic waves to the most prominent points on the soft coal layer 11 where deformation occurs. The distance between the most prominent point and the undeformed surface is measured by the acoustic wave, and the deformation amount of the soft coal layer is obtained. The host computer calculates the deformation amount on the working surface based on the time when the acoustic wave reaches different points. The calculation of the deformation amount of the hard coal layer 10 is similar to the calculation of the deformation amount of the soft coal layer 11.

[0071] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides, on the other hand, a coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, which is applied to the above-mentioned coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, and also includes the following method:

[0072] S1, the test light source emits a light beam to the working surface;

[0073] The test light source is a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp or an LED lamp. The test light source illuminates the working surface. When the test light source illuminates the work surface, only the test light source is working in the lane where the working surface is located.

[0074] S2, the camera collects image information of the working surface illuminated by the light beam, and the camera transmits the image information of the working surface to the host computer;

[0075] S3, the host computer determines the distribution of soft and hard coal in the working face in the image information of the working face according to the sample soft and hard coal grayscale value spectrum, the acoustic radar emits sound waves to the soft coal layer on the working face, and the acoustic radar feeds back the time from the sound wave to the soft coal layer to the host computer;

[0076] The method for establishing the sample soft and hard coal gray value map includes steps a to e:

[0077] a. Collecting coal samples at different heights in the coal mine where the working face is located to obtain a coal sample group;

[0078] b. Calculate the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group respectively to obtain the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group; the calculation of the firmness coefficient is a prior art.

[0079] c. Classify each sample in the coal sample group according to the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group to obtain a soft coal sample group and a hard coal sample group, test the firmness coefficients of different coal samples, and classify them into Class I to Class V coal, define Class I to Class II coal as hard coal, and define Class III to Class V coal as soft coal.

[0080] d. testing each sample in the soft coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a soft coal gray value spectrum;

[0081] Testing each sample in the hard coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a hard coal gray value spectrum;

[0082] Due to the different structures of soft coal and hard coal, there are differences in the photos taken by the camera after being illuminated by the same test light source (without other light sources). The reason is that soft coal is the product of strong structural compression and shear damage to the coal seam. The soft coal is soft, the bedding is disordered, and the original structure is severely damaged and loses the luster of the original coal. The luster of the soft coal layer is significantly darker than that of the hard coal layer. Therefore, under the illumination of the same test light source, the light reflectivity of soft coal is significantly lower than that of hard coal, and the grayscale values ​​of the reflected light of soft and hard coal are in different ranges, forming a grayscale value spectrum of soft and hard coal. Among them, the more severely the original structure of soft coal is damaged, the darker the grayscale value image corresponding to the soft coal is.

[0083] like Figure 3 As described above, in this embodiment, the grayscale value interval of the grayscale value map of the soft coal layer is N, and the grayscale value interval of the grayscale value map of the hard coal layer is M.

[0084] e. Combining the soft coal ash value map and the hard coal ash value map to obtain a soft and hard coal ash value map;

[0085] The maximum value of the grayscale value interval of the grayscale value map of the hard coal layer and the minimum value of the grayscale value interval of the grayscale value map of the soft coal layer are spliced ​​together to obtain the grayscale value map of the hard and soft coal.

[0086] The test light source used when establishing the gray value spectrum of the sample soft and hard coal and the test light source that emits a light beam to the working surface are the same light source.

[0087] Among them, the host computer in S3 judges the distribution of soft and hard coal on the working face in the image information of the working face according to the sample soft and hard coal grayscale value map, including:

[0088] The image information of the working face will show the gray value of the working face, and the coal seam on the working face is judged to be soft coal or hard coal according to the gray value in the image information. Figure 3 As shown, the host computer performs comparison and matching according to the relevant algorithms of the prior art, and the grayscale value in the matching image information falls within Figure 3 By determining in which area of ​​the soft and hard coal grayscale value map the grayscale value is located, it is determined whether the area of ​​the working face where the grayscale value is located is soft coal or hard coal. Based on this, the distribution of soft coal stratification and hard coal stratification on the working face is obtained.

[0089] S4, the host computer predicts the distribution trend of soft coal layers on the working face in the excavation direction according to the historical occurrence information and the distribution of soft and hard coal on the working face; at the same time, the host computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working face according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working face;

[0090] Among them, the upper computer in step S4 predicts the soft coal layer distribution trend of the working face in the excavation direction according to the historical occurrence information and the distribution of soft and hard coal in the working face, which specifically includes:

[0091] When the tunnel where the working face is located begins to be excavated, the soft and hard coal stratification on the working face will be recorded at different depths. The upper computer stores the soft and hard coal stratification of the previous "working faces" of the tunnel where the working face is located (that is, historical occurrence information). For example, the thickness of the soft coal stratification recorded on the previous three "working faces" is: 10cm, 15cm, 50cm, respectively. The thickness of the soft coal stratification measured on this working face is 80cm. Based on work experience, it can be analyzed that the trend of subsequent soft coal stratification will become larger and larger. Although this distribution trend is not a judgment condition for subsequent early warnings, it can remind workers to be alert to the danger of their work during excavation construction and respond to the large number of soft coal stratifications that may appear.

[0092] Wherein, the upper computer in step S4 obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working surface, including:

[0093] The calculation formula of the deformation amount of the soft coal layer or the hard coal layer on the working surface is formula (1):

[0094]

[0095] Among them, ΔL is the deformation amount of the soft coal layer or the hard coal layer currently calculated, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air, t1 is the time required for the point on the base surface where no deformation occurs on the working surface to reach the acoustic wave radar, and t2 is the time required for the most prominent point on the working surface where deformation occurs to reach the acoustic wave radar.

[0096] S5, the host computer obtains the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer according to the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface;

[0097] The formula for the average deformation of the soft coal layer is formula (2), and the formula for the average deformation of the hard coal layer is formula (3):

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Among them, D 软 is the average deformation of the soft coal layer, D 硬 is the average deformation of the hard coal layer; ΔL i is the deformation of the coal body at pixel point i in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area; n is the number of pixels in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area.

[0101] S6. The host computer determines whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning based on the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

[0102] The upper computer calculates the difference between the average deformation of the soft coal layer and the average deformation of the hard coal layer using the following formula (4):

[0103] X=D 软 -D 硬 (4)

[0105] Wherein, X is the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

[0106] The criteria for determining whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning include:

[0107] When X ≥ 50% D 硬 When the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is triggered, the host computer issues a coal outburst and gas outburst warning; otherwise, the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is not triggered.

[0108] The patent of this invention uses the principle of different grayscale values ​​of reflected light from soft coal layers and hard coal layers to partition the reflected light of the coal wall of the working face, which can effectively identify the thickness and distribution area of ​​soft coal layers in the mining and excavation working faces, and can use acoustic radar to identify the deformation degree of soft coal layers and hard coal layers, and integrate and warn the distribution information and deformation information of soft coal layers and hard coal layers, and establish a method for synchronous deformation monitoring and early warning of coal and gas outbursts of soft and hard coal. The patent of this invention can effectively identify the distribution area of ​​soft coal layers and hard coal layers in the working face, capture the deformation degree of the working face and the soft coal layers in the working face, and can realize the prediction and early warning of coal and gas outburst signs such as coal wall spalling, slag falling, and coal cannons during the advancement of the working face, which is of great significance to the precise prevention and control of coal and gas outbursts.

[0109] The following points need to be explained:

[0110] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures may refer to the general design.

[0111] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0112] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0113] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, comprising a host computer, characterized in that: include: A test light source, which is mounted on a tripod and emits a light beam toward the work surface; A camera, wherein the camera is mounted on the tripod and photographs the working surface area illuminated by the light beam; An acoustic radar, which emits acoustic waves to the working surface and feeds back the time when the acoustic waves reach the working surface to a host computer; The host computer receives the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam fed back by the camera, and the host computer analyzes the coal seam distribution trend of the working face according to the historical occurrence information and the image of the working face area illuminated by the light beam; The host computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface according to the time when the sound wave fed back by the sonic radar reaches the working surface; The host computer determines whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning on the working face by measuring the deformation of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation of the hard coal layer on the working face.

2. A coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation, characterized in that: The coal and gas outburst early warning system for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation as described in claim 1 further includes the following method: S1, the test light source emits a light beam to the working surface; S2, the camera collects image information of the working surface illuminated by the light beam, and the camera transmits the image information of the working surface to the host computer; S3, the host computer determines the distribution of soft and hard coal in the working face in the image information of the working face according to the sample soft and hard coal grayscale value spectrum, the acoustic radar emits sound waves to the soft coal layer on the working face, and the acoustic radar feeds back the time from the sound wave to the soft coal layer to the host computer; S4, the host computer predicts the distribution trend of soft coal layers on the working face in the excavation direction according to the historical occurrence information and the distribution of soft and hard coal on the working face; at the same time, the host computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working face and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working face according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working face; S5, the host computer obtains the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer according to the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface; S6. The host computer determines whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning based on the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

3. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal layer deformation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method for establishing the sample soft and hard coal gray value map comprises: Collect coal samples at different heights in the coal mine where the working face is located to obtain a coal sample group; Calculating the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group to obtain the firmness coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group; Classifying each sample in the coal sample group according to the solidity coefficient of each sample in the coal sample group to obtain a soft coal sample group and a hard coal sample group; Testing each sample in the soft coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a soft coal gray value spectrum; Testing each sample in the hard coal sample group by using the test light source to obtain a hard coal gray value spectrum; Combining the soft coal ash value map and the hard coal ash value map to obtain a soft and hard coal ash value map; The test light source used when establishing the gray value spectrum of the sample soft and hard coal and the test light source that emits a light beam to the working surface are the same light source.

4. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The test light source is a fluorescent lamp, an incandescent lamp or an LED lamp.

5. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The testing of each sample in the soft coal sample group by the test light source to obtain a soft coal gray value spectrum includes: The light sources in the test space include only the test light sources; The test light source is aimed at a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is a sample of a soft coal sample group; The camera collects an image of the sample to be tested illuminated by the test light source to obtain a grayscale value of the sample to be tested; When the grayscale value calculation of each sample in the soft coal sample group is completed, the grayscale value of each sample in the soft coal sample group forms a soft coal grayscale value map.

6. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The testing of each sample in the hard coal sample group by the test light source to obtain a hard coal gray value spectrum includes: The light sources in the test space include only the test light sources; The test light source is aimed at a sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is a sample of a hard coal sample group; The camera collects an image of the sample to be tested illuminated by the test light source to obtain a grayscale value of the sample to be tested; When the grayscale value calculation of each sample in the hard coal sample group is completed, the grayscale value of each sample in the hard coal sample group forms a hard coal grayscale value map.

7. According to the coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring the deformation of soft and hard coal layers according to claim 2, the upper computer obtains the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface according to the time when the sound wave reaches the working surface, including: The calculation formula of the deformation amount of the soft coal layer or the hard coal layer on the working surface is formula (1): Among them, ΔL is the deformation of the soft coal layer or hard coal layer currently calculated, c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air, t1 is the time required for the point on the base surface of the working surface where no deformation has occurred to reach the acoustic wave radar, and t2 is the time required for the most prominent point on the working surface where deformation has occurred to reach the acoustic wave radar.

8. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal layer deformation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The host computer of S5 obtains the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer according to the deformation amount of the soft coal layer on the working surface and the deformation amount of the hard coal layer on the working surface, including: The formula for the average deformation of the soft coal layer is formula (2), and the formula for the average deformation of the hard coal layer is formula (3): Among them, D 软 is the average deformation of the soft coal layer, D 硬 is the average deformation of the hard coal layer; ΔL i is the deformation of the coal body at pixel point i in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area; n is the number of pixels in the soft coal stratification area or the hard coal stratification area.

9. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal stratification deformation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The upper computer of S6 calculates the difference between the average deformation of the soft coal layer and the average deformation of the hard coal layer using the following formula (4): X=D 软 -D 硬 (4) Wherein, X is the difference between the average deformation amount of the soft coal layer and the average deformation amount of the hard coal layer.

10. The coal and gas outburst early warning method for monitoring soft and hard coal layer deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The criteria for determining whether to issue a coal and gas outburst warning include: When X ≥ 50% D 硬 When the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is triggered, the host computer issues a coal outburst and gas outburst warning; otherwise, the coal outburst and gas outburst warning is not triggered.

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