A method and system for monitoring and early warning of algal blooms in deep-water reservoirs

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in deep-water reservoirs. The method includes: calculating the shaded area of the reservoir within a target time period; calculating the surface real-time temperature according to the temperature within the time period; calculating the irradiation depth according to the light intensity; generating an algal bloom warning coefficient based on the irradiation depth and the surface temperature; and comparing the algal bloom warning coefficient with a preset coefficient. The system includes: a shading calculation module, a temperature calculation module, a depth calculation module, and a warning module. By using the present invention, the accuracy of warning of algal blooms in reservoirs can be improved. The present invention can be widely applied to the field of reservoir monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reservoir monitoring, and particularly to a method and system for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in deep-water reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] Seasonal water body stratification occurs in deep-water reservoirs. The thermal stratification phenomenon affects the vertical exchange of water bodies and the water-sediment interface environment. The thermal stratification hinders the exchange of nutrients between the upper and lower water layers, thereby affecting the distribution of water body nutrients, dissolved oxygen, light, etc. in the water body, causing water quality changes and easily leading to the occurrence of algal blooms.

[0003] In summer, water body stratification occurs in deep-water reservoirs, causing hypoxia in the lower water layer and the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt concentrations. When the thermal stratification phenomenon subsides, the endogenous load in the lower layer may diffuse upward, which may cause the release of sediment nutrient salts and increase the risk of water body eutrophication. However, the surrounding of deep-water reservoirs is affected by the surrounding terrain or weather. For example, the mountains around the reservoir, the dam itself, suspended solids in the water, and the occlusion of clouds. When sunlight shines directly, the shadows produced will be cast in the reservoir, making some areas on the surface of the reservoir without direct sunlight. In the thermal stratification phenomenon that occurs in deep-water reservoirs, it will affect the growth of algae in the upper layer. At this time, when the nutrients in the upper and lower water layers are exchanged, the monitoring of algal blooms needs to be more precise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the technical problem that the existing reservoir algal bloom monitoring and warning method does not consider the influence of environmental shadows, resulting in low monitoring accuracy, the present invention proposes a method for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in deep-water reservoirs, and the method includes the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the edge environment information and internal environment information of the reservoir, obtain the surface image of the reservoir, and calculate the occlusion area;

[0006] Combine the temperature information of the illuminated area of the reservoir, the temperature information of the occluded area of the reservoir, and the area of the occluded area to calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir;

[0007] Calculate the irradiation depth according to the light intensity, where the irradiation depth is related to the clarity of the water in the reservoir;

[0008] Generate an algal bloom warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature;

[0009] Compare the algal bloom warning coefficient with a preset threshold coefficient to generate a warning signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the step of obtaining the edge environment information and internal environment information of the reservoir, obtaining the surface image of the reservoir, and calculating the occlusion area, it further includes:

[0011] Obtain the edge environment information and internal environment information of the reservoir. The edge environment information refers to the environment around the reservoir, that is, whether there are obstacles. An obstacle refers to an object that blocks the light of a part of the reservoir area at a fixed angle. The internal environment refers to the environment inside the reservoir itself.

[0012] Use the detection device to obtain the starting image and the ending image of the reservoir within a preset time period respectively;

[0013] Combined with the environmental information, identify and mark the occluded areas in the starting image and the ending image;

[0014] Among them, the occluded area refers to the area where the shadow of the obstacle falls into the reservoir when the sun shines on the obstacle.

[0015] Overlay the starting image and the ending image according to the image frame, and use the overlapping part of the occluded area as the sheltered area.

[0016] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the surface temperature of the reservoir specifically includes:

[0017] Measure the complete surface area of the reservoir and the area of the sheltered area within the corresponding time to obtain the reservoir surface area and the sheltered area;

[0018] Use a detector to obtain the temperature of the illuminated area of the reservoir and the temperature of the sheltered area;

[0019] According to the reservoir surface area, the sheltered area, the temperature of the illuminated area and the temperature of the sheltered area, calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir with a preset formula.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a water bloom monitoring and early warning system for a deep-water reservoir. The system includes:

[0021] A shelter calculation module for obtaining the environmental information and image information of the reservoir and calculating the sheltered area;

[0022] A temperature calculation module for calculating the surface temperature of the reservoir in combination with the temperature information and the sheltered area;

[0023] A depth calculation module for calculating the irradiation depth according to the light intensity;

[0024] An early warning module for generating a water bloom early warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature.

[0025] Based on the above solution, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in deep-water reservoirs. The area of the sheltered area of the reservoir is calculated, the surface real-time temperature is first calculated according to the temperature within a time period, and then the irradiation depth is calculated according to the light intensity within the time period. The surface real-time temperature is combined with the irradiation depth to obtain an algal bloom warning coefficient. The algal bloom warning coefficient is compared with a preset coefficient, and an algal bloom warning signal is obtained according to the comparison result to warn of the growth of algal blooms in the reservoir. Thus, according to the surrounding environment of the reservoir, the real-time temperature and light in the reservoir are accurately analyzed, improving the accuracy of the algal bloom warning for the reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the steps of a method for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in a deep-water reservoir according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a block diagram of the structure of a system for monitoring and warning of algal blooms in a deep-water reservoir according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that, for the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the relevant invention are shown in the drawings. Without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0030] It should be understood that the "system", "device", "unit" and / or "module" used in the present application are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the word can be replaced by other expressions.

[0031] As shown in the present application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "one" and / or "the" etc. do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of the clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, commodity or device including the element.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two. The following terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0033] In addition, flowcharts are used in the present application to illustrate the operations performed by the systems according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations before or after do not necessarily need to be executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, the steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several steps can be removed from these processes.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , which is a schematic flowchart of an optional example of the deep-water reservoir bloom monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention. This method can be applied to computer devices. The bloom monitoring and early warning method proposed in this embodiment may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0035] Step S1: Obtain the environmental information and image information of the reservoir, and calculate the occlusion area;

[0036] Among them, the environmental information includes edge environmental information and internal environmental information. The edge environmental information refers to the environment around the reservoir, including whether there are obstacles. An obstacle refers to an object that blocks the light of a part of the reservoir area at a fixed angle, including big trees and buildings, etc. The internal environment refers to the environment within the reservoir itself, including the reservoir depth and the reservoir surface area, etc.

[0037] Step S2: Combine the temperature information and the occlusion area to calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir;

[0038] Step S3: Calculate the irradiation depth according to the light intensity;

[0039] Among them, the calculation formula of the irradiation depth is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, ZHi represents the irradiation depth, I represents the limiting light intensity at the irradiation depth ZHi, I0 is the light intensity, K is the attenuation coefficient, and α1 is the first influence coefficient.

[0042] Both the temperature and the light intensity here are average values, that is, the temperature is the average temperature within the target time period, and the light intensity is the average light intensity within the target time period;

[0043] Step S4: Generate a bloom early warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature.

[0044] Among them, the calculation formula of the algal bloom warning coefficient is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, TX represents the water temperature at the lower end of the reservoir. The lower end of the reservoir refers to the position below the irradiation depth Zhi. Vz represents the total volume of the reservoir, and β1 and β2 represent different proportionality coefficients.

[0047] Step S5: Compare the algal bloom warning coefficient with a preset threshold coefficient to generate a warning signal.

[0048] In some feasible embodiments, step S1 specifically includes:

[0049] S1.1: Obtain the environmental information of the reservoir;

[0050] S1.2: Set the unit detection time, set the start and end points of time according to the unit detection time, and at the same time divide the one-day time into several time zones according to the unit detection time. Select a time zone as the target time period, and obtain the start image and end image of the target time period through the detection device;

[0051] If the unit detection time is set to 1 hour and the specific time at this time is 9 o'clock, then take 9 o'clock as the start point and 10 o'clock as the end point; the area between 9 o'clock and 10 o'clock is marked as the time zone; the detection device in this embodiment is an image acquisition device, specifically a camera.

[0052] S1.3: Identify and mark the occlusion areas in the start image and end image respectively. The occlusion area refers to the area where the shadow of the occluder falls into the reservoir when the sun shines on the occluder;

[0053] S1.4: Overlap the start image and the end image according to the image frame. At this time, there will also be an overlapping area between the occlusion area in the start image and the occlusion area in the end image. Mark this overlapping area as the shielding area.

[0054] Since the position of the sun's irradiation changes at different times, the occlusion areas in the start image and the end image will change with the change of the sun's position. Therefore, there are differences between the occlusion areas in the start image and the end image;

[0055] In some feasible embodiments, step S2 specifically includes:

[0056] S2.1: Measure the surface area of the reservoir and the area of the shielding area to obtain the reservoir surface area and the shielding area;

[0057] Among them, the reservoir surface area refers to the complete area of the reservoir surface. For the measurement of the shaded area, an image measurement and analysis method is used in combination with a professional tool for area measurement. In this embodiment, the professional tool selected is ImageJ software, and its specific area measurement method is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] S2.2. Obtain the temperature of the illuminated area of the reservoir and the temperature of the shaded area;

[0059] S2.3. Calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir according to the reservoir surface area, the shaded area, the temperature of the illuminated area, and the temperature of the shaded area.

[0060] Among them, the calculation formula for the surface temperature of the reservoir is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] S gi =S q -S zi

[0063] Among them, T si represents the real-time surface temperature of the reservoir in time period i, S q represents the reservoir surface area, S gi represents the area of the illuminated area in time period i, S zi represents the shaded area in time period i, T 1i represents the temperature of the illuminated area in time period i, T 2i the temperature of the shaded area in time period i, and α1 represents the first influence coefficient.

[0064] In some embodiments, step S5 specifically includes:

[0065] Compare the algal bloom warning coefficient of the target time period i with the preset coefficient X1. When the algal bloom warning coefficient is greater than or equal to the preset coefficient X1, generate an algal bloom warning signal and transmit it to the device terminal of the relevant management personnel. The device terminal generates an audible and visual reminder message for the algal bloom warning signal to remind the management personnel to further confirm the algal bloom warning signal. On the contrary, when the algal bloom warning coefficient is less than the preset coefficient X1, it means that the algal bloom detection is normal, and the preset coefficient X1 is a threshold value.

[0066] As Figure 2 shown, a deep-water reservoir algal bloom monitoring and warning system includes:

[0067] A shading calculation module, configured to obtain the environmental information and image information of the reservoir and calculate the shaded area;

[0068] A temperature calculation module, configured to calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir in combination with the temperature information and the shaded area;

[0069] A depth calculation module for calculating the irradiation depth according to the light intensity;

[0070] An early warning module for generating a water bloom early warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature.

[0071] The content in the above method embodiments is applicable to the present system embodiment. The functions specifically implemented in the present system embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those in the above method embodiments.

[0072] A water bloom monitoring and early warning device for a deep-water reservoir:

[0073] At least one processor;

[0074] At least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0075] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above-mentioned method for monitoring and early warning of water bloom in a deep-water reservoir.

[0076] The content in the above method embodiments is applicable to the present device embodiment. The functions specifically implemented in the present device embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those in the above method embodiments.

[0077] A storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor, and the instructions executable by the processor are used to implement the above-mentioned method for monitoring and early warning of water bloom in a deep-water reservoir when executed by the processor.

[0078] The content in the above method embodiments is applicable to the present storage medium embodiment. The functions specifically implemented in the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those in the above method embodiments.

[0079] The above is a specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A deep-water reservoir algal bloom monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain environmental information and image information of the reservoir and calculate the shielded area; Calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir by combining the temperature information and the shielded area; Calculate the irradiation depth based on the light intensity; generating an algal bloom warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature; The calculation formula of the water bloom warning coefficient is as follows: Among them, TX represents the water temperature at the lower end of the reservoir, the lower end of the reservoir refers to the position below the irradiation depth ZHi, Vz represents the total volume of the reservoir, β1 and β2 represent different proportional coefficients, T si represents the real-time surface temperature of the reservoir in time period i, S gi It represents the area of ​​the illuminated area in time period i, and I0 is the light intensity.

2. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the environmental information and image information of the reservoir and calculating the shielded area specifically includes: Obtain environmental information about the reservoir; Obtain the starting image and ending image of the reservoir within the time period; In combination with the environmental information, identifying and marking the occluded areas in the starting image and the ending image; The starting image and the ending image are overlapped according to the image screen to obtain a masked area.

3. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of combining the temperature information and the shielding area to calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir specifically includes: Measuring the surface area of ​​the reservoir and the area of ​​the shielded area to obtain the surface area of ​​the reservoir and the shielded area; Obtaining the temperature of the illuminated area of ​​the reservoir and the temperature of the shaded area; The surface temperature of the reservoir is calculated according to the surface area of ​​the reservoir, the shaded area, the temperature of the illuminated area and the temperature of the shaded area.

4. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the surface temperature of the reservoir is as follows: S gi =S q -S zi Among them, T si represents the real-time surface temperature of the reservoir in time period i, S q Represents the surface area of ​​the reservoir, S gi represents the area of ​​the illuminated area in time period i, S zi represents the shielding area in time period i, T 1i represents the temperature of the illuminated area during time period i, T 2i The temperature of the shielded area in time period i, α1 represents the first influence coefficient.

5. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the irradiation depth is as follows: Among them, ZHi represents the irradiation depth, I represents the limiting light intensity at the irradiation depth ZHi, I0 is the light intensity, K is the attenuation coefficient, and α1 is the first influence coefficient.

6. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The water bloom warning coefficient is compared with a preset threshold coefficient to generate a warning signal.

7. A deep-water reservoir algal bloom monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that: The method for monitoring and early warning of water bloom in deep-water reservoirs according to claim 1 comprises: A shielding calculation module is used to obtain environmental information and image information of the reservoir and calculate the shielding area; A temperature calculation module, used to calculate the surface temperature of the reservoir by combining the temperature information and the shielding area; A depth calculation module is used to calculate the illumination depth according to the light intensity; The early warning module is used to generate an algae bloom early warning coefficient according to the irradiation depth and the surface temperature.

8. A deep-water reservoir algae bloom monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the deep-water reservoir algal bloom monitoring and early warning method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

Images