Antenna, antenna array and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna, an antenna array and a communication device. The antenna comprises a base body (110) and a phosphor (120). The base body (110) comprises a first end face (111) and a second end face (112) which are oppositely arranged, and the base body (110) shrinks from the first end face (111) to the second end face (112); the base body (110) is provided with a plurality of periodic holes (113a) penetrating through the first end face (111) and the second end face (112), the periodic holes (113a) surround the periphery of a first area in the base body (110), and the first area, surrounded by the periodic holes (113a), in the base body (110) and each periodic hole (113a) shrink from the first end face (111) to the second end face (112). The phosphor (120) is provided in at least some of the periodic holes (113a) among the plurality of periodic holes (113a). The base body (110) shrinks from the first end face (111) to the second end face (112), so that the reflection probability of light in the base body (110) can be improved, the light gathering and receiving capabilities of the antenna are enhanced, and the efficiency of transmitting light waves by the antenna is improved.

Description

Antenna, antenna array, and communication device Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna array and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the Internet of Things, wireless communications face significant challenges in increasing data transmission rates. Mobile communications based on micrometer and millimeter waves are limited by spectrum resources and cannot achieve higher data throughput. Optical communications offer wide bandwidth, high communication capacity, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference.

[0003] Currently, most fluorescent antennas that receive light waves use a planar fluorescent waveguide structure. These structures receive incident light on their top surface and transmit it to a phosphor via a light-guiding column. The phosphor absorbs the light and then transmits it to the side. This complex light-guiding process increases the likelihood of light escaping the antenna. Furthermore, since the phosphor needs to receive light, transmit it, and then transmit it, it absorbs the emitted light during transmission. This results in poor light-collecting capabilities and low light utilization. Furthermore, the planar fluorescent waveguide structure is mismatched with the photosensitizing surface of a high-speed detector, resulting in inefficient coupling between the waveguide and the detector.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an antenna, an antenna array and a communication device, which can enhance the light receiving and focusing capabilities of the antenna and improve the efficiency of the antenna in transmitting light waves.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna comprising a substrate and a phosphor. The substrate comprises a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite each other, the substrate converging from the first end face toward the second end face; the substrate is provided with a plurality of periodic holes extending through the first and second end faces, the plurality of periodic holes surrounding the periphery of a first region of the substrate; the first region of the substrate surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes and each of the periodic holes converging from the first end face toward the second end face; and the phosphor is disposed within at least some of the plurality of periodic holes.

[0007] After incident light enters the matrix or light re-emitted by the phosphor after receiving incident light enters the matrix, the matrix shrinks from the first end face toward the second end face, which can increase the probability of light reflection in the matrix, thereby improving the antenna's utilization of incident light.

[0008] Multiple periodic holes surround a first region in the matrix. The first region in the matrix is ​​the fiber core, and the region outside the core in the matrix is ​​the cladding. The core lacks a hollow structure, resulting in a higher refractive index than the cladding. Transmitting light waves through the core increases the probability of light waves reflecting during transmission through the core, thereby improving the overall light-gathering capability of the antenna. The multiple periodic holes are located outside the core, allowing the phosphor to be located outside the core. After receiving incident light, the phosphor emits light waves, which are then injected into the core. Because the refractive index of the core is higher than that of the cladding, light entering the core is less likely to escape from the antenna, thereby improving the overall light-gathering capability of the antenna. Multiple periodic holes are disposed in the cladding. The overall refractive index of the cladding can be adjusted by controlling the number of periodic holes in the cladding, the size of the periodic holes, and the spacing between adjacent periodic holes.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the refractive index of the phosphor is lower than that of the matrix. After the light wave enters the matrix, it is not easy to overflow from the matrix to the phosphor, which can improve the light focusing ability of the matrix.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a light concentrator connected to the first end face, wherein a second area projected by the light concentrator onto the first end face covers the multiple periodic holes and the first area of ​​the substrate surrounded by the multiple periodic holes; the light concentrator is a light concentrator lens, a microstructure lens array, or a lens with a microstructure array. Because the light concentrator is a light concentrator lens, a microstructure lens array, or a lens with a microstructure array, the antenna's field of view can be increased.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the light concentrator contains a fluorescent material. When the light concentrator receives incident light, the fluorescent material in the light concentrator can capture the incident light and then emit a new light wave with a longer wavelength than the incident light, so that the light concentrator does not follow the conservation of optical extension, which not only improves the antenna's light receiving field of view, but also increases the light receiving flux of the first end face in the substrate.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides another antenna, comprising a substrate and a light concentrator. The substrate comprises a first end face and a second end face disposed opposite each other, the substrate converging from the first end face toward the second end face; the substrate is provided with a plurality of periodic holes extending through the first and second end faces, the plurality of periodic holes surrounding the periphery of a first region within the substrate, the first region of the substrate surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes, and each of the periodic holes converging from the first end face toward the second end face. The light concentrator is connected to the first end face, the second region of the light concentrator projected onto the first end face covering the plurality of periodic holes and the first region of the substrate surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes, and the light concentrator contains a fluorescent material.

[0013] The fluorescent material in the concentrator can capture incident light and then emit a new light wave with a longer wavelength than the incident light, so that the concentrator does not follow the conservation of optical length. This not only improves the antenna's field of view, but also increases the light flux received at the first end face of the matrix. Because the matrix shrinks from the first end face toward the second end face, the probability of light reflection in the matrix can be increased, thereby improving the antenna's utilization of incident light. Multiple periodic holes surround the first region of the matrix, so that the first region forms a fiber core, and the area outside the core in the matrix forms a cladding. The core does not have a hollow structure, so that the refractive index of the core is higher than the refractive index of the cladding. Transmitting light waves through the core can increase the probability of light waves being reflected during transmission in the core, thereby improving the overall light receiving ability of the antenna. Multiple periodic holes are arranged in the cladding. The overall refractive index of the cladding can be adjusted by regulating the number of periodic holes in the cladding, the size of the periodic holes, and the spacing between adjacent periodic holes.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the axial cross-section of the base body is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0015] In combination with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the base's generatrix includes a first arc and a second arc, wherein the first end of the first arc extends to the first end surface, the second end of the first arc is connected to the first end of the second arc, and the second end of the second arc extends to the second end surface. The base's generatrix includes two connected segments of the first and second arcs, enabling the base to gradually contract from the first end surface toward the second end surface, thereby improving the base's light-collecting effect.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the curvature of the first arc is between 5-200 mm, and the curvature of the second arc is between 5-200 mm.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the center of the first arc and the center of the second arc are respectively located on both sides of the busbar, which can make the connection between the first arc and the second arc smoother, thereby increasing the reflection probability of light during transmission in the substrate, thereby improving the focusing ability of the substrate.

[0018] In combination with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the diameter of the first end surface is between 1 mm and 200 mm, and the diameter of the second end surface is between 20 μm and 1 mm. The diameter of the second end surface matches the size of the detector's photosensitive surface, and the size of the first end surface is much larger than the size of the second end surface, which facilitates the antenna receiving more optical signals.

[0019] In combination with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the axial cross-section of the first region of the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes is circular, the diameter of the first region of the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes on the first end face is between 100 μm and 800 μm, and the diameter of the first region of the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes on the second end face is between 5 μm and 60 μm. The fiber core is used to transmit most of the light waves in the matrix. The fiber core gradually shrinks from the first end face toward the second end face, and the diameter of the fiber core on the first end face is between 100 μm and 800 μm, and the diameter of the fiber core on the second end face is between 5 μm and 60 μm. This is conducive to core light focusing, while increasing the reflection probability when the fiber core transmits light waves, thereby improving the utilization rate of the optical signal.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the multiple periodic holes are arranged in an array, each periodic hole is located on the first end surface with a diameter between 50μm and 300μm, and each periodic hole is located on the second end surface with a diameter between 0.5μm and 60μm.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the surface of the concentrator is provided with an anti-reflection film, which can increase the probability of the concentrator absorbing light and reduce the probability of the light signal emitted by the fluorescent material in the concentrator escaping from the surface of the concentrator to the outside of the antenna.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the antenna further includes a metasurface layer, which is disposed between the light concentrator and the second end face. The metasurface layer is capable of regulating and controlling characteristics such as the phase and propagation direction of the light wave. After receiving the incident light, the light concentrator emits a new light wave or transmits the received light wave to the metasurface layer. The metasurface layer is capable of changing the transmission direction of the light wave, enabling the light wave to be incident on the substrate perpendicular to the first end face, thereby reducing the incident angle of the light wave input to the substrate, reducing the probability of the light wave being reflected at the first end face, and improving the efficiency of the substrate in receiving the light wave.

[0023] In combination with the first or second aspect, in one possible implementation, the metasurface layer is provided with a plurality of metal particles arranged in an array, with the distance between adjacent metal particles being 50 nm to 500 nm. The metal particle array can alter the phase and polarization of light waves, making them more easily received by the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's efficiency in receiving light waves.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides an antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas as described above, wherein the plurality of antennas are arranged in an array. The plurality of antenna arrays are arranged so that the antennas do not interfere with each other, thereby increasing the receiving area of ​​the antennas receiving light and thereby improving the light guiding efficiency of the antenna array.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication device comprising a main body, an antenna as described above, and a detector. The detector is electrically connected to the main body and coupled to a second end face of the antenna, and is configured to receive light waves transmitted by the antenna or antenna array and convert the light waves into electrical signals for transmission to the main body.

[0026] In the communication device in this application, the antenna or antenna array can receive light waves with a large field of view, has high light collection, light guidance and light focusing efficiency, and the size of the antenna and the photosensitive surface of the detector are matched to improve the coupling efficiency of the antenna and the detector, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication device when receiving signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention or the background technology will be described below.

[0028] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG5 is a top view of FIG4;

[0033] FIG6 is a bottom view of FIG4;

[0034] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG9 is a top view of FIG8;

[0037] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG11 is a top view of FIG10 ;

[0039] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an exploded perspective structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an exploded perspective structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 10. Communication device; 11. Main body; 12. Detector; 13. Shell; 14. Processor; 100. Antenna; 110. Matrix; 111. First end face; 112. Second end face; 113. Cladding; 113a. Periodic hole; 114. Fiber core; 115. Busbar; 115a. First arc; 115b. Second arc; 120. Phosphor; 131. Focusing lens; 132. Microstructure lens array; 132a. Microstructure lens; 133. Lens with microstructure array; 133a. Microstructure; 134. Anti-reflection coating; 140. Metasurface layer; 141. Metal particles; 200. Antenna array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application. Communication device 10 includes a body 11, a detector 12, and an antenna 100. Body 11 is electrically connected to detector 12, and detector 12 is coupled to antenna 100. Antenna 100 is used to receive light waves and transmit the light waves to detector 12. Detector 12 senses the light waves transmitted by antenna 100 and converts the light waves into electrical signals, which are then transmitted to body 11.

[0048] Among them, the main body 11 includes a shell 13 and a processor 14. The shell 13 is used to fix the detector 12 and the antenna 100. The processor 14 is fixed to the shell 13 and electrically connected to the detector 12. After obtaining the electrical signal transmitted by the detector 12, the processor 14 can obtain the information data carried by the light waves received by the antenna 100.

[0049] The communication device 10 can be a receiver, a mobile phone, a computer, a router, a base station, a large-screen TV, a customer premises equipment (CPE), or any other communication device 10 having an antenna 100. The type of the communication device 10 is not specifically limited here.

[0050] Optionally, the communication device 10 can also be a terminal device or an access network device. The terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water surface (such as a ship, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (for example, on an airplane, a balloon, and a satellite, etc.). The terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wearable terminal, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios. Terminal devices are sometimes also referred to as terminals, user equipment (UE), access terminals, vehicle-mounted terminals, industrial control terminals, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminals, mobile devices, wireless communication devices, etc. Terminal devices can also be fixed or mobile. Access network devices are radio access network (RAN) nodes that connect terminal devices to the wireless network. RAN nodes include, but are not limited to, gNBs, transmission reception points (TRPs), evolved Node Bs (eNBs), radio network controllers (RNCs), Node Bs (NBs), base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), home base stations (e.g., home evolved Node Bs, or HNBs), base band units (BBUs), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) access points (APs), and integrated access and backhaul (IABs).

[0051] The detector 12 may be a photodiode having a photosensitive surface coupled to the antenna 100. Specifically, the photosensitive surface of the photodiode is in contact with one end of the antenna 100 that outputs light waves.

[0052] An embodiment of the present application discloses an antenna array 200, which includes multiple antennas 100. The multiple antennas 100 are arranged in an array so that the antennas 100 do not interfere with each other, thereby increasing the receiving area of ​​the antenna array 200 for receiving light and thereby improving the light guiding efficiency of the antenna array 200.

[0053] The antenna array 200 can be applied to a receiver, a mobile phone, a computer, a router, a base station, a large-screen TV, a customer premises equipment (CPE), or any other communication device 10 having an antenna 100 .

[0054] Referring to FIG. 2 , multiple antennas 100 can be arranged in a 1×n (n>1) linear array to form an antenna array 200. The antenna array 200 in the linear array arrangement can be applied to relatively small and portable communication devices 10 such as mobile phones. The antenna array 200 in the linear array arrangement can more easily avoid other electronic components to avoid interference with other electronic components.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 3. Multiple antennas 100 can be arranged in an m×n (m>1, n>1) planar array to form an antenna array 200. The antennas 100 in the planar array arrangement are arranged more centrally, which makes it easier to integrate the antenna array 200. The antenna array 200 in the planar array arrangement can be applied to larger communication equipment 10 such as base stations.

[0056] The shape of the antenna array in two-dimensional space can also be a square grid, a circular grid, a regular hexagonal grid, etc. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the antenna array in two-dimensional space.

[0057] There may be various structures of the antenna 100. The same antenna array 200 may be composed of multiple antennas 100 with the same structure, and the same antenna array 200 may have antennas 100 with different structures.

[0058] Possible structures of the antenna 100 are described below with reference to FIG. 4 to FIG. 13 .

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a structural diagram of an antenna 100 provided in one embodiment of the present application. The antenna 100 includes a substrate 110 and a plurality of phosphors 120. The material of the substrate 110 can be high-purity silicon dioxide. The substrate 110 is transparent and can transmit optical signals. The substrate 110 includes a first end face 111 and a second end face 112 that are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the substrate 110. The substrate 110 gradually shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the second end face 112, and the size of the first end face 111 is larger than the size of the second end face 112. It can be understood that the axial cross-section of the substrate 110 gradually becomes smaller from the first end face 111 toward the direction where the second end face 112 is located.

[0061] The substrate 110 is provided with a plurality of periodic holes 113a arranged in an array. The plurality of periodic holes 113a surround the periphery of a first region of the substrate 110. The first region of the substrate 110 surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes 113a is the fiber core 114, and the region of the substrate 110 surrounding the fiber core 114 is the cladding 113. It should be noted that the fiber core 114 in the present application is not a hollow structure.

[0062] The fiber core 114 gradually shrinks from the first end surface 111 toward the second end surface 112 . It is understandable that the size of the fiber core 114 on the first end surface 111 is larger than the size of the fiber core 114 on the second end surface 112 .

[0063] Each periodic hole 113a passes through the first end face 111 and the second end face 112 of the substrate 110, and each periodic hole 113a gradually shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the direction of the second end face 112. It can be understood that the size of each periodic hole 113a at the first end face 111 is larger than the size of the periodic hole 113a at the second end face 112, and each periodic hole 113a gradually approaches the fiber core 114 from the first end face 111 toward the direction of the second end face 112.

[0064] The sizes of the periodic holes 113 a may be equal or unequal; the periodic holes 113 a are distributed around the periphery of the fiber core 114 ; optionally, the periodic holes 113 a are evenly distributed around the periphery of the fiber core 114 .

[0065] Phosphor 120 includes a fluorescent material and a transparent polymer, wherein the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 is between 0.01 wt% and 0.5 wt%, and the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 may be 0.01 wt%, or the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 may be 0.5 wt%. Specifically, the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 may be between 0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt%, and the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 may be 0.05 wt%, or the mass fraction of the fluorescent material in phosphor 120 may be 0.1 wt%.

[0066] In the embodiment provided in the present application, at least a portion of the plurality of periodic holes 113 a are filled with fluorescent material and a transparent polymer to form the phosphor 120 . The fluorescent material may be one of luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent materials, and rare earth materials. The organic luminescent material may specifically be fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), carboxyfluorescein (FAM), 7-aminocoumarin (7-Amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarinyl, wherein 7-Amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin is referred to as AFC and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarinyl is referred to as AMC), Rhodamine X (Rox), Sulforhodamine 101, 5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine (5-TAMRA), EDANS (5-((2-Aminoethyl)amino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid), and Sulforhodamine 101 (Texas Red).

[0067] , Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine B, Rhodamine 123, Rhodamine WT, etc. The polymer material can be any one of dodecyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, expandable polystyrene, phenolic epoxy resin, or acrylic acid polymers.

[0068] In the embodiment provided herein, the first end face 111 of the substrate 110 is used to receive incident light, and the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 is used to couple with the detector 12 and transmit the light wave entering the substrate 110 to the detector 12. The incident light entering the substrate 110 can be transmitted through the core 114 or the cladding 113 and transmitted to the detector 12 through the second end face 112. The phosphor 120 can capture the incident light and convert it into light with a longer wavelength than the incident light under the Stokes shift. The light emitted by the phosphor 120 can propagate in the substrate 110 and then be transmitted to the detector 12 through the second end face 112 in the substrate 110. It should be noted that the core 114 is located in the central area of ​​the substrate 110, and most of the light in the substrate 110 will propagate in the core 114 and then be transmitted to the detector 12.

[0069] In the embodiment provided in the present application, the refractive index of the phosphor 120 is lower than the refractive index of the matrix 110. Since the phosphor 120 is located in the periodic holes 113a of the cladding 113, the refractive index of the cladding 113 can be lower than the refractive index of the core 114. Therefore, when light enters the core 114, the probability of light escaping from the core 114 can be reduced, thereby increasing the reflection probability of light propagating in the core 114, thereby improving the focusing ability and light transmission efficiency of the antenna 100.

[0070] In the embodiments provided herein, the axial cross-section of the substrate 110 is a circular, elliptical, or polygonal shape. For example, the axial cross-section of the substrate 110 can be a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, or a hexagon, etc. It should be noted that the axial cross-section of the substrate 110 is a cross-section parallel to the first end face 111 or the second end face 112. The axial cross-section of the substrate 110 can be the first end face 111 or the second end face 112, or the axial cross-section of the substrate 110 can be a cross-section located between the first end face 111 and the second end face 112.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6. Taking the circular axial cross-section of the substrate 110 as an example, the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 is coupled to the detector 12. The size of the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 matches the size of the photosensitive surface of the detector 12. The diameter D2 of the second end face 112 is between 20μm and 1mm. It should be noted that the diameter of the second end face 112 can be 20μm, and the diameter of the second end face 112 can also be 1mm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the specific size of the second end face 112, a certain error in the specific size of the second end face 112 is allowed. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter of the second end face 112 is set to 20μm, assuming that the error allowed in the diameter of the second end face 112 is ±2μm, the actual size of the second end face 112 can be 18μm-22μm. If the diameter of the second end surface is set to 1 mm, and assuming that the error allowed for the diameter of the second end surface is ±100 μm, the actual size of the second end surface may be 900 μm-1.1 mm.

[0072] The diameter D1 of the first end face 111 of the substrate 110 is between 1 mm and 200 mm. It should be noted that the diameter of the first end face 111 can be 1 mm or 200 mm. In the embodiments provided herein, when setting the specific dimensions of the first end face 111, a certain error is allowed in the specific dimensions of the first end face 111. Optionally, the allowed error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter of the first end face 111 is set to 1 mm, assuming that the error allowed in the diameter of the first end face 111 is ±100 μm, the actual size of the first end face 111 can be 0.9 mm to 1.1 mm. If the diameter of the first end face 111 is set to 200 mm, assuming that the error allowed in the diameter of the first end face 111 is ±20 mm, the actual size of the first end face 111 can be 180 mm to 220 mm.

[0073] The axial cross-section of the fiber core 114 can be a circle, an ellipse, a polygon or other irregular shapes. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the axial cross-section of the fiber core 114. This application takes the example of the axial cross-section of the fiber core 114 being surrounded by a plurality of periodic holes 113a to form a circle. The diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is between 5μm and 60μm. It should be noted that the diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 can be 5μm, and the diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 can be 60μm. In the embodiment provided in this application, when setting the specific size of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112, a certain error in the diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is allowed. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is set to 5 μm, and the tolerance for the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is allowed to be ±0.5 μm, the actual diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 may be 4.5 μm-5.5 μm. If the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is set to 60 μm, and the tolerance for the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 is allowed to be ±6 μm, the actual diameter of the fiber core 114 at the second end face 112 may be 54 μm-66 μm.

[0074] The diameter L1 of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 is between 100 μm and 800 μm. The diameter L1 of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 can be 100 μm, and the diameter L1 of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 can be 800 μm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the specific size of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111, a certain error is allowed in the diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 is set to 100 μm, assuming that the error allowed in the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 is ±10 μm, the actual diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 can be 90 μm-110 μm. If the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 is set to 800 μm, and the error allowed for the diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 is ±80 μm, the actual diameter of the fiber core 114 at the first end face 111 may be 720 μm-880 μm.

[0075] The diameter d2 of each periodic hole 113a located on the second end surface 112 is between 0.5μm and 60μm, the diameter d2 of each periodic hole located on the second end surface 112 can be 0.5μm, and the diameter d2 of each periodic hole located on the second end surface 112 can be 60μm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the diameter d2 of the periodic hole located on the second end surface 112, a certain error is allowed in the diameter d2 of the periodic hole located on the second end surface 112. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter d2 of the periodic hole located on the second end surface 112 is set to 0.5μm, assuming that the error allowed in the diameter d2 of the periodic hole located on the second end surface 112 is ±0.05μm, the actual diameter d2 of the periodic hole located on the second end surface 112 can be 0.45μm-0.55μm. If the diameter d2 of the periodic holes on the second end surface 112 is set to 60 μm, and the error allowed for the diameter d2 of the periodic holes on the second end surface 112 is ±6 μm, the actual diameter d2 of the periodic holes on the second end surface 112 may be 54 μm-66 μm.

[0076] The diameter d1 of each periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111 is between 50μm and 300μm. The diameter d1 of each periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111 can be 50μm, and the diameter d1 of each periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111 can be 300μm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the diameter d1 of each periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111, a certain error is allowed. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the diameter d1 of the periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111 is set to 50μm, assuming that the allowable error is ±5μm, the actual diameter d1 of the periodic hole 113a located on the first end surface 111 can be 45μm-55μm. If the diameter d1 of the periodic holes 113a on the first end surface 111 is set to 300 μm, and the allowable error is ±30 μm, the actual diameter d1 of the periodic holes 113a on the first end surface 111 may be 270 μm-330 μm.

[0077] The diameter of the first end face 111 is much larger than the diameter of the second end face 112. This application increases the area of ​​light waves received by the antenna 100 by increasing the diameter of the first end face 111, thereby increasing the amount of light waves received by the antenna 100 and further improving the performance of the antenna 100 in transmitting light waves. By causing the core 114 and each periodic hole 113a to shrink from the first end face 111 toward the second end face 112, the antenna 100 achieves light focusing, which can reduce the probability of light escaping from the substrate 110 and improve the efficiency of light waves transmitted by the antenna 100. The core 114 gradually shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the direction of the second end face 112, achieving light focusing while increasing the probability of light reflection in the core 114, thereby improving the efficiency of light waves transmitted by the antenna 100.

[0078] In the embodiment provided herein, the busbar 115 of the base 110 may include a first arc 115a and a second arc 115b. The first end of the first arc 115a extends to the first end surface 111, the second end of the first arc 115a is connected to the first end of the second arc 115b, and the second end of the second arc 115b extends to the second end surface 112. The curvature of the first arc 115a is between 5 and 200 mm, and the curvature of the second arc 115b is between 5 and 200 mm. The curvature of the second arc 115b may be equal to or different from the curvature of the first arc 115a.

[0079] It should be noted that the curvature of the first arc 115a can be 5mm, and the curvature of the first arc 115a can also be 200mm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the curvature of the first arc 115a, a certain error in the curvature of the first arc 115a is allowed. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the curvature of the first arc 115a is set to 5mm, assuming that the allowable error is ±0.5mm, the actual curvature of the first arc 115a can be 4.5mm-5.5mm. If the curvature of the first arc 115a is set to 200mm, assuming that the allowable error is ±20mm, the actual curvature of the first arc 115a can be 180mm-220mm.

[0080] The curvature of the second arc 115b can be 5mm, or the curvature of the second arc 115b can be 200mm. In the embodiment provided in the present application, when setting the curvature of the second arc 115b, a certain error in the curvature of the second arc 115b is allowed. Optionally, the allowed error can be ±10%. For example, if the curvature of the second arc 115b is set to 5mm, assuming that the allowed error is ±0.5mm, the actual curvature of the second arc 115b can be 4.5mm-5.5mm. If the curvature of the second arc 115b is set to 200mm, assuming that the allowed error is ±20mm, the actual curvature of the second arc 115b can be 180mm-220mm.

[0081] In the embodiments provided herein, the generatrix 115 of the substrate 110 is a geometric concept. The generatrix 115 of the substrate 110 may be the outline of the substrate 110. The generatrix 115 of the substrate 110 may be the shortest line connecting any point on the edge of the first end surface 111 to the edge of the second end surface 112. The generatrix 115 of the substrate 110 may be an arc. The generatrix 115 of the substrate 110 may also include two or more arcs.

[0082] Taking the busbar 115 of the substrate 110 as an example, which includes a first arc 115a and a second arc 115b connected to each other, the center of the first arc 115a is on the first side (right side) of the busbar 115, and the center of the second arc 115b is on the second side (left side) of the busbar 115. The center of the first arc 115a and the center of the second arc 115b are respectively on both sides of the busbar 115, which can make the substrate 110 shrink more smoothly from the first end face 111 to the second end face 112, thereby improving the light guiding efficiency of the antenna 100.

[0083] In the embodiment provided in the present application, the size of the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 matches the size of the photosensitive surface of the detector 12, which can reduce the probability of light waves in the antenna 100 escaping outside the photosensitive surface of the detector 12 and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna 100. The cladding 113 of the substrate 110 is provided with a plurality of periodic holes 113a. The refractive index of the cladding 113 can be controlled by controlling the number and diameter of the periodic holes 113a or the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a. A phosphor 120 is provided in the periodic holes 113a. The phosphor 120 can capture incident light and convert the incident light into a light wave with a longer wavelength than the incident light under the Stokes shift, so that the antenna does not follow the conservation of optical etendue when collecting light. The phosphor 120 is located on the periphery of the fiber core 114 and can emit light into the fiber core 114, thereby improving the optical field of view of the antenna 100. The axial cross-section of the fiber core 114 gradually decreases from the first end face 111 toward the second end face 112, which has a focusing effect, can cause the light entering the fiber core 114 to be totally reflected, reduce the probability of the light entering the fiber core 114 escaping from the fiber core 114, and improve the transmission efficiency of the antenna 100.

[0084] In the embodiment provided in the present application, referring to FIG5 , in each axial cross-section of the substrate 110, taking the first end face 111 as an example, the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a on the periphery of the fiber core 114 can be equal or unequal. By controlling the distance between adjacent periodic holes 113a on the periphery of the fiber core 114 or by controlling the ratio of the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis direction to the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the X-axis direction among the multiple periodic holes 113a on the periphery of the fiber core 114, the overall refractive index of the cladding 113 can be adjusted. Specifically, the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis direction is equal to the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the X-axis direction, or the ratio of the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis direction to the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the X-axis direction is The ratio of the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis direction to the spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the X-axis direction may also be other values, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0085] It should be noted that the spacing B1 between adjacent periodic holes 113a is the distance between the centers of two adjacent periodic holes 113a. The spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis is the distance between the centers of two adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis. The spacing between adjacent periodic holes 113a along the X-axis is the distance between the centers of two adjacent periodic holes 113a along the Y-axis.

[0086] In the embodiment provided herein, the diameter D1 of the first end surface 111 of the substrate 110 is 15 mm, and the diameter D2 of the second end surface 112 is 0.5 mm. Multiple periodic holes 113a are arranged in an array within the substrate 110, forming a roughly regular hexagonal array. The diameter d1 of each periodic hole 113a at the first end surface 111 is 0.2 mm, and the diameter d2 of each periodic hole 113a at the second end surface 112 is 0.02 mm. The diameter L1 of the fiber core 114 at the first end surface 111 is 0.4 mm, and the diameter L2 of the fiber core 114 at the second end surface 112 is 0.04 mm. The spacing B1 between adjacent periodic holes 113a on the first end surface 111, located outside the fiber core 114, is 1 mm, and the spacing B2 between adjacent periodic holes 113a on the second end surface 112, located outside the fiber core 114, is 0.04 mm.

[0087] In the embodiments provided herein, to increase the area of ​​light waves received by the antenna 100, the area of ​​the first end face 111 of the substrate 110 is specifically increased. Since the area of ​​the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 needs to match the bandwidth of the photosensitive surface of the detector 12, while maintaining the size of the second end face 112 of the substrate 110 unchanged, the larger the size of the first end face 111 of the substrate 110, the greater the size ratio of the first end face 111 to the second end face 112 of the substrate 110. To increase the probability of reflection of light during transmission in the core 114 and cladding 113, the axial dimension of the substrate 110 (the distance from the first end face 111 to the second end face 112) needs to be considered. The longer the axial dimension of the substrate 110, the greater the incident angle of light entering the substrate 110 during transmission from the first end face 111 to the second end face 112, and the more likely the light entering the substrate 110 is to undergo total internal reflection during transmission.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the antenna 100 further includes a light concentrator connected to the first end surface 111 of the substrate 110 . Along the axial direction of the substrate 110 , the projection of the light concentrator covers the fiber core 114 and each periodic hole 113 a .

[0089] 7 to 11 , the light concentrator is used to collect and / or concentrate light. The light concentrator can improve the field of view of the antenna 100 receiving light. The material of the light concentrator can be one of BK7 glass and K9 glass.

[0090] The light concentrator may be doped with fluorescent material or may not be doped with fluorescent material.

[0091] If the light concentrator is doped with fluorescent material, the light concentrator can emit light waves with a wavelength longer than the incident light toward the first end surface 111 after capturing the incident light.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 7 , FIG. 7 illustrates the same components as those shown in FIG. 4 , and thus will not be further described. The specific structure of the light-concentrating element included in antenna 100 in FIG. 7 may be a light-concentrating lens 131. Light-concentrating lens 131 is connected to first end face 111 and protrudes from first end face 111 in a direction away from second end face 112. Antenna 100 is provided with light-concentrating lens 131, which can significantly increase the receiving area of ​​light waves received by antenna 100 and simultaneously improve the field of view of light received by antenna 100. Light-concentrating lens 131 is provided with an anti-reflection coating 134, which helps increase the probability of light waves entering antenna 100 and also reduces the probability of light within antenna 100 escaping from light-concentrating lens 131.

[0093] Referring to Figures 8-9, Figure 8 illustrates the same components as those shown in Figure 4 and will not be further described here. The light concentrating element included in the antenna 100 in Figure 8 may be a microstructured lens array 132. Specifically, the microstructured lens array 132 includes a plurality of microstructured lenses 132a arranged in an array. Each microstructured lens 132a may correspond to a periodic aperture 113a or a fiber core 114, or a fiber core 114 and one or more periodic apertures 113a or multiple periodic apertures 113a may correspond to one microstructured lens 132a. The microstructured lens array 132 covers the first end face 111 and is capable of converging light waves to increase the field of view of the antenna 100 receiving light. In some embodiments, the microstructured lens array 132 may be provided with an anti-reflection coating. The anti-reflection coating helps increase the probability of light waves entering the antenna 100 and also reduces the probability of light within the antenna 100 escaping from the microstructured lens array 132.

[0094] Referring to Figures 10 and 11 , the light concentrating element can be a lens 133 having a microstructure array. The lens includes multiple microstructures 133a arranged in an array. The lens 133 having a microstructure array can concentrate light waves to increase the field of view of the light received by the antenna 100. In some embodiments, the lens 133 having a microstructure array can be provided with an anti-reflection coating. This coating helps increase the probability of light waves entering the antenna 100 and also reduces the probability of light within the antenna 100 escaping from the lens 133 having the microstructure array.

[0095] Referring to Figure 12, taking the focusing element being the focusing lens 131 as an example, when the antenna 100 transmits light waves, the focusing lens 131 receives the incident light and transmits the received light to the core and the phosphor 120 of the periodic hole 113a. The phosphor 120 receives the incident light and can emit light waves with a wavelength longer than the incident light to the core 114. Since the refractive index of the core 114 is higher than the refractive index of the cladding, and the core shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the second end face 112, it can reduce the escape of light waves from the core 114, thereby improving the focusing effect of the antenna 100.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 13 , the antenna 100 may also include a metasurface layer 140 disposed between the first end face 111 and the light concentrator. The metasurface layer 140 is a layered structure having a thickness less than the wavelength of the light wave. The metasurface layer 140 is capable of regulating the phase, propagation direction, and other characteristics of the light wave. After receiving incident light, the light concentrator emits a new light wave or transmits the received light wave to the metasurface layer 140. The metasurface layer 140 can change the direction of light wave transmission, allowing the light wave to be transmitted perpendicularly to the first end face 111 to the substrate 110. This reduces the angle of incidence of the light wave input to the substrate 110, reduces the probability of light wave reflection at the first end face 111, and improves the efficiency of the substrate 110 in receiving the light wave.

[0097] The super surface layer 140 is provided with a plurality of metal particles 141, and the metal particles 141 are arranged in an array. The array of metal particles 141 can change the phase and polarization of the light wave, making the light wave easier to be received by the antenna 100, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna 100 in receiving the light wave. In the embodiment provided in the present application, the metal particles 141 can be silver Ag, gold Au, aluminum Al, etc. The distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 is 50nm-500nm, wherein the distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 is the distance between the geometric centers of two adjacent metal particles. The distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 can be 50nm, and the distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 can be 500nm. It should be noted that when setting the distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140, a certain error is allowed. Optionally, the allowable error can be ±10%. For example, if the distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 is set to 50 nm, assuming the allowable error is ±5 nm, the actual distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 may be 45 nm to 55 nm. If the distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 is set to 500 nm, assuming the allowable error is ±50 nm, the actual distance between adjacent metal particles in the super surface layer 140 may be 450 nm to 550 nm.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] Unlike the antenna 100 in Example 1, the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application does not have a fluorescent body 120 set in the periodic hole 113a. See Figures 14 to 16 for details. The antenna 100 includes a substrate 110 and a concentrator. The substrate 110 includes a first end face 111 and a second end face 112 arranged opposite to each other, and the substrate 110 shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the second end face 112. The first end face 111 is connected to the concentrator, and the super surface layer 140 is arranged between the first end face 111 and the concentrator, and the concentrator contains a fluorescent material. The substrate 110 is provided with a plurality of arrayed periodic holes 113a, and the plurality of periodic holes 113a surround the periphery of the first area of ​​the substrate 110. The first area of ​​the substrate 110 surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes 113a is the core 114, and the area outside the core 114 in the substrate 110 is the cladding 113.

[0100] Each periodic hole 113a passes through the first end face 111 and the second end face 112 of the substrate 110, and each periodic hole 113a gradually shrinks from the first end face 111 toward the direction of the second end face 112. It can be understood that the size of each periodic hole 113a at the first end face 111 is larger than the size of the periodic hole 113a at the second end face 112, and each periodic hole 113a gradually approaches the fiber core 114 from the first end face 111 toward the direction of the second end face 112.

[0101] The main body material of the focusing element can be one of BK7 glass and K9 glass. The fluorescent material included in the light concentrator can be one of luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent materials, and rare earth materials. The organic luminescent material can specifically be fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), carboxyfluorescein (FAM), 7-aminocoumarin (7-Amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarinyl, wherein 7-Amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin is referred to as AFC and 7-amino-4-methylcoumarinyl is referred to as AMC), Rhodamine X (Rhodamine X, Rox), Sulforhodamine 101, 5-Carboxytetramethylrhodamine (5-TAMRA), EDANS (5-((2-Aminoethyl)amino)naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid), Sulforhodamine 101 (Texas Red), Rhodamine 6G (Rhodamine 6G), Rhodamine B, Rhodamine 123, Rhodamine WT, etc. The polymer material can be any one of dodecyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, expandable polystyrene, phenolic epoxy resin, and acrylic acid polymers.

[0102] 14 , the light focusing element may be a light focusing lens 131 .

[0103] 15 , which is different from the antenna 100 in FIG. 14 , the light concentrating element is a microstructure lens array 132 .

[0104] 16 , which is different from the antenna 100 in FIG. 14 , the light concentrating element is a lens 133 having a microstructure array.

[0105] Referring to Figures 14-16 , when antenna 100 transmits light waves, the light concentrator receives incident light. The fluorescent material in the light concentrator captures the incident light and emits light waves with a longer wavelength than the incident light. The light waves emitted by the light concentrator are then transmitted to substrate 110. Light waves can enter core 114 directly or be injected into periodic holes 113a in the cladding. Light waves that enter periodic holes can enter core 114. Because the refractive index of core 114 is higher than that of cladding 113 and core 114 contracts from first end face 111 toward second end face 112, light waves can be reduced from escaping core 114, thereby improving the focusing effect of antenna 100.

[0106] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0107] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0108] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0109] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0110] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A substrate, the substrate comprising a first end face and a second end face opposite to each other, the substrate shrinking from the first end face toward the second end face; the substrate being provided with a plurality of periodic holes penetrating the first end face and the second end face, the plurality of periodic holes surrounding the periphery of a first region in the substrate, the first region of the substrate surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes and each of the periodic holes shrinking from the first end face toward the second end face; A phosphor is disposed in at least a portion of the plurality of periodic holes.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The refractive index of the phosphor is lower than that of the matrix.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The axial cross section of the base body is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The generatrix of the base includes a first arc and a second arc, the first end of the first arc extends to the first end surface, the second end of the first arc is connected to the first end of the second arc, and the second end of the second arc extends to the second end surface.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein The curvature of the first arc is between 5-200 mm, and the curvature of the second arc is between 5-200 mm.

6. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein The center of the first arc and the center of the second arc are respectively located on two sides of the generatrix.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The diameter of the first end surface is between 1 mm and 200 mm, and the diameter of the second end surface is between 20 μm and 1 mm.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein The axial cross-section of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes is circular, the diameter of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes located on the first end surface is between 100 μm and 800 μm, and the diameter of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes located on the second end surface is between 5 μm and 60 μm.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein The multiple periodic holes are arranged in an array, and the diameter of each periodic hole located on the first end surface is between 50 μm and 300 μm, and the diameter of each periodic hole located on the second end surface is between 0.5 μm and 60 μm.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a light concentrator connected to the first end surface, and a second area projected by the light concentrator to the first end surface covers the multiple periodic holes and a first area of ​​the substrate surrounded by the multiple periodic holes.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein The light focusing element is a light focusing lens, a microstructure lens array, or a lens with a microstructure array.

12. The antenna according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The light concentrating element contains fluorescent material.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: An anti-reflection film is provided on the surface of the light concentrating element.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a supersurface layer, which is arranged between the concentrator and the first end surface.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein The super surface layer is provided with a plurality of metal particles arranged in an array, and the distance between adjacent metal particles is 50nm-500nm.

16. An antenna, characterized in that: include: A substrate, the substrate comprising a first end face and a second end face opposite to each other, the substrate shrinking from the first end face toward the second end face; the substrate being provided with a plurality of periodic holes penetrating the first end face and the second end face, the plurality of periodic holes surrounding the periphery of a first region in the substrate, the first region of the substrate surrounded by the plurality of periodic holes and each of the periodic holes shrinking from the first end face toward the second end face; A light concentrator is connected to the first end surface, a second area of ​​the light concentrator projected onto the first end surface covers the multiple periodic holes and a first area of ​​the substrate surrounded by the multiple periodic holes, and the light concentrator contains a fluorescent material.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, wherein The refractive index of the phosphor is lower than that of the matrix.

18. The antenna according to claim 16, wherein The axial cross section of the base body is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, wherein The generatrix of the base includes a first arc and a second arc, the first end of the first arc extends to the first end surface, the second end of the first arc is connected to the first end of the second arc, and the second end of the second arc extends to the second end surface.

20. The antenna according to claim 19, wherein The curvature of the first arc is between 5-200 mm, and the curvature of the second arc is between 5-200 mm.

21. The antenna according to claim 19, wherein The center of the first arc and the center of the second arc are respectively located on two sides of the generatrix.

22. The antenna according to claim 16, wherein The diameter of the first end surface is between 1 mm and 200 mm, and the diameter of the second end surface is between 20 μm and 1 mm.

23. The antenna according to claim 22, wherein The axial cross-section of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes is circular, the diameter of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes located on the first end surface is between 100 μm and 800 μm, and the diameter of the first region in the matrix surrounded by the multiple periodic holes located on the second end surface is between 5 μm and 60 μm.

24. The antenna according to claim 23, wherein The multiple periodic holes are arranged in an array, and the diameter of each periodic hole located on the first end surface is between 50 μm and 300 μm, and the diameter of each periodic hole located on the second end surface is between 0.5 μm and 60 μm.

25. The antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that: An anti-reflection film is provided on the surface of the light concentrating element.

26. The antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 25, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a supersurface layer, which is arranged between the concentrator and the first end surface.

27. The antenna according to claim 26, wherein The super surface layer is provided with a plurality of metal particles arranged in an array, and the distance between adjacent metal particles is 50nm-500nm.

28. An antenna array, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the plurality of antennas are arranged in an array.

29. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises: ontology; The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 27 or the antenna array according to claim 28; A detector is electrically connected to the body and coupled to the second end face of the antenna. The detector is used to receive the light waves transmitted by the antenna or antenna array and convert the light waves into electrical signals to send to the body.

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