Plant planting system, saline-alkali soil planting method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a plant planting system, a saline-alkali soil planting method and application, and relates to the technical field of plant planting, the plant planting system comprises a plant protection layer and a planting layer, the bottom of the plant protection layer is in contact with soil, and the bottom of the planting layer is in contact with the top of the plant protection layer; the plant protection layer is made of soil remediation particles, the planting layer is made of one or more of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, turf and a matrix, and the plant protection layer guides saline-alkali components in the planting layer and saline-alkali components brought by external watering or rainfall to the plant protection layer. In the subsequent plant growth process, the plant protection layer intercepts and isolates salt and alkali components in soil below the plant protection layer so as to protect plant root systems in the planting layer and prevent the salt and alkali components in the planting layer, salt and alkali components brought by external watering or rainfall and salinization of lower-layer soil from returning to the planting layer; the fruit quality and the root activity of the plant are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and in particular relates to a plant planting system and a saline-alkali land planting method and application. Background Art

[0002] At present, Ningdong Town, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is rich in solid waste resources. Fly ash in solid waste is directly processed to obtain adsorbent particles, among which the adsorbent particles are mainly used to purify water bodies and rivers, but their utilization method is single and their utilization rate in agricultural production input is low. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a plant planting system containing adsorbent particles to improve the utilization rate of solid waste, to improve the utilization method of solid waste and to improve the utilization rate. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a plant planting system for improving the utilization rate of solid waste.

[0004] It is also necessary to provide a saline-alkali land planting method.

[0005] It is also necessary to provide a plant planting system and a saline-alkali land planting method for application in plant planting or saline-alkali land soil improvement.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A plant planting system comprises a plant protection layer and a planting layer, wherein the bottom of the plant protection layer contacts the soil, and the bottom of the planting layer contacts the top of the plant protection layer;

[0008] The plant protection layer is soil remediation particles;

[0009] The planting layer is one or more of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat and matrix.

[0010] On the other hand, a saline-alkali land planting method comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1: laying a plant protection layer on the soil surface to obtain a plant protection area, wherein the plant protection layer is soil remediation particles;

[0012] S2: laying a planting layer on the surface of the plant protection area to obtain a planting area;

[0013] S3: Planting plants in the area to be planted.

[0014] Application of the plant planting system as described above in plant planting or saline-alkali soil improvement;

[0015] The saline-alkali land planting method as described above is applied to plant planting or saline-alkali land soil improvement.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a plant planting system and a saline-alkali land planting method and application, comprising a plant protection layer and a planting layer, wherein the bottom of the plant protection layer contacts the soil, and the bottom of the planting layer contacts the top of the plant protection layer; the plant protection layer is soil remediation particles, and the planting layer is one or more of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat, and a matrix; the plant protection layer guides the saline-alkali components in the planting layer and the saline-alkali components brought by external watering or precipitation to the plant protection layer, and in the subsequent plant growth process, the plant protection layer intercepts and isolates the saline-alkali components in the soil below the plant protection layer to protect the plant root system in the planting layer, prevent the saline-alkali components in the planting layer, the saline-alkali components brought by external watering or precipitation, and the salinization of the lower soil from returning to the planting layer, so as to improve the physical and chemical properties of the planting layer, so that the fruit quality and root vitality of the plant are good, and then the soil remediation particles can be used in agriculture to improve the utilization method of solid waste and improve the utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the plant cultivation system.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planting pattern of Example 1.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planting pattern of Example 2.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planting pattern of Example 3.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a photo of the plant root system of Comparative Example 1.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a photo of the plant roots of Comparative Example 2.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a photo of the plant roots of Comparative Example 3.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a photo of the plant roots of Comparative Example 4.

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a photo of the plant root system of Example 1.

[0027] Fig.10 This is a photo of the plant root system of Example 2.

[0028] Fig.11 This is a photo of the plant root system of Example 3.

[0029] Fig.12It is a picture of silica sand. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following further elaborates on the technical solutions and technical effects of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , a plant planting system, including a plant protection layer and a planting layer. The bottom of the plant protection layer is in contact with the soil, and the bottom of the planting layer is in contact with the top of the plant protection layer;

[0032] The plant protection layer is soil remediation particles;

[0033] The planting layer is one or several of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat, and substrate.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] A plant planting system, a saline-alkali land planting method and application provided by the present invention include a plant protection layer and a planting layer. The bottom of the plant protection layer is in contact with the soil, and the bottom of the planting layer is in contact with the top of the plant protection layer; the plant protection layer is soil remediation particles, and the planting layer is one or several of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat, and substrate. The plant protection layer guides the saline-alkali components in the planting layer and the saline-alkali components brought by external watering or precipitation to the plant protection layer, and during the subsequent growth of the plant, the plant protection layer intercepts and isolates the saline-alkali components in the soil below the plant protection layer to protect the plant roots in the planting layer, preventing the saline-alkali components in the planting layer, the saline-alkali components brought by external watering or precipitation, and the salinization of the lower-layer soil from reversing to the planting layer, so as to improve the physical and chemical properties of the planting layer, making the fruit quality and root activity of the plant good. Furthermore, the soil remediation particles can be utilized in agriculture to improve the utilization method of solid waste and increase the utilization rate.

[0036] Furthermore, it further includes a heat preservation layer, and the bottom of the heat preservation layer is in contact with the top of the planting layer.

[0037] Furthermore, the heat preservation layer is one or several of soil remediation particles and membranes. The heat preservation layer performs heat preservation, water retention, and moisture retention to promote plant growth. The membrane inhibits water evaporation and performs heat preservation.

[0038] Furthermore, the particle size a of the soil remediation particles, and the value range of a is 0 < a < 8 cm. If the particle size of the soil remediation particles is too large, it is not conducive to excessive water permeability and is not conducive to crop growth.

[0039] Furthermore, the thickness of the plant protection layer is greater than 5 cm, and the thickness of the planting layer is adapted to the plant roots.

[0040] For example, if the plant root system is shallow, the planting layer thickness is 25cm-35cm.

[0041] Furthermore, when the thermal insulation layer is soil remediation particles, the soil remediation particles can cover the planting layer. The stacking thickness of the soil remediation particles is less than 3 cm. While not affecting the watering during the growth of the planting layer, it also keeps the planting layer warm, water-retaining, and moisturizing, thereby providing good growth conditions for plants and facilitating plant growth.

[0042] Furthermore, the planting layer is soil, and the plant protection layer guides the saline-alkali components in the soil of the planting layer and the saline-alkali components brought by external watering or precipitation to the plant protection layer, so that the plants are not affected by the saline-alkali components when growing in the soil of the planting layer, and in the subsequent plant growth process, the plant protection layer intercepts and isolates the saline-alkali components in the soil below the plant protection layer to protect the planting layer, prevent the salinization of the lower soil from returning to the planting layer, and affect the soil of the plant planting layer, so as to improve the physical and chemical properties of the planting layer, so as to improve the fruit quality and root vitality of the plants.

[0043] Please see Fig.12 , further, the planting layer is silica sand.

[0044] Furthermore, the planting layer is a mixture of silica sand and soil in a volume ratio of 0.5-3:0.5-3.

[0045] Furthermore, the planting layer is a mixture of silica sand, compost and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 1-6:1-6:1-2.

[0046] Specifically, vermiculite provides trace elements such as Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu, and compost provides organic matter, specifically, N, P, and K nutrients and C, H, O, N, P, S, K, Ca, and Mg macroelements; silica sand provides an ideal attachment environment for microorganisms, and the carbon element contained therein further promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, forms an active microbial community, accelerates the decomposition of organic matter in the compost, and converts the nutrients in the compost into a form that can be absorbed by plants, so as to quickly release major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and promote the early growth of seeds and seedlings; if the volume ratio is less than the above ratio, the seedlings will turn yellow after emergence due to low nutritional content, and the seedlings will be weak, which is not conducive to later growth; if the volume ratio is greater than the above ratio, the seedlings are prone to burn, and the emerged seedlings are prone to yellowing of the leaves, resulting in slow growth of the seedlings.

[0047] Further, the compost refers to a mixture of sheep manure, corn stalks, and diatomaceous earth;

[0048] Furthermore, the volume ratio of sheep manure, corn straw and diatomaceous earth is 5-7:0.7-2:1-2. The use of the above substances and material ratios for composting can provide sufficient nutrition and improve the emergence rate.

[0049] Specifically, compost provides organic matter and rich nutrients, while silica sand further enhances the nutritional balance by providing appropriate amounts of iron and aluminum elements. Silica sand provides an ideal attachment environment for microorganisms, and the carbon element contained in it further promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, forming an active microbial community, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter in the compost, and converting the nutrients in the compost into simple compounds and nutrients that can be absorbed by plants, so that organic matter can be converted into absorbable nutrients needed by plants more quickly, shortening the time required for seedling cultivation, and the organic matter in the compost and the inorganic components in the silica sand interact with each other to improve the overall fertility of the substrate and the efficiency of nutrient supply.

[0050] Furthermore, the planting layer is a mixture of silica sand and peat in a volume ratio of 1-3:1-3. If the volume ratio is less than the above ratio, the seedlings will turn yellow after emergence due to low nutrients, and the seedlings will be weak, which is not conducive to later growth; if the volume ratio is greater than the above ratio, the seedlings are prone to burn, and the emerged seedlings are prone to yellowing leaves, curling leaves, and curling leaves, resulting in slow growth of the seedlings.

[0051] A saline-alkali land planting method comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1: laying a plant protection layer on the soil surface to obtain a plant protection area, wherein the plant protection layer is soil remediation particles;

[0053] S2: laying a planting layer on the surface of the plant protection area to obtain a planting area;

[0054] S3: Planting plants in the area to be planted.

[0055] Application of the plant planting system as described above in plant planting or saline-alkali soil improvement;

[0056] The saline-alkali land planting method as described above is applied to plant planting or saline-alkali land soil improvement.

[0057] Furthermore, the plant planting refers to seeds of crops such as flowers, vegetables, and fruits, wherein the planting can be carried out in greenhouses, fields, or containers such as flower pots.

[0058] The use of the present invention is described by the following examples.

[0059] 1. Raw materials:

[0060] The soil remediation particles were purchased from Ningxia Xumiao Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The main component of the soil remediation particles was fly ash.

[0061] Silica sand comes from fly ash and turns black after water washing. It is taken from Ningxia Xumiao Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., where Si:Al:Ca:Fe:Mg=50.6:18.4:8.8:12.1:3.3.

[0062] The commercial substrate was Miaomiaozhuang seedling raising substrate, which was purchased from Ningxia Borui Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd.

[0063] 2. The following examples and comparative examples were all carried out in the No. 4 solar greenhouse of Ningxia Yinchuan Jinxiu Technology Co., Ltd. on April 2024, and the melon variety tested was "Green Treasure".

[0064] 3. The processing method is shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Planting method: dig a 40 cm deep groove in the soil and plant melons according to the cultivation mode of the above examples 1-3. Figure 2-4 shown.

[0069] A groove with a depth of 40 cm was dug in the soil, and a horticultural cloth was laid in the groove to separate it from the soil. Melons were planted according to the cultivation mode of the above comparative examples 1, 3, and 4.

[0070] Other management methods are the same.

[0071] 4. The experimental data of the planting layer and crops after planting in the above-mentioned embodiments and comparative examples are as follows.

[0072] 4.1 The physical properties of the planting layers before and after planting of Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1 to 3 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2 Physical properties of different treatments

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The physical properties of the planting layers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested before planting and after the entire growth cycle of the crops. It was found through the physical properties of the planting layers that compared with Comparative Example 1, the water content, density, bulk density and total porosity of the planting layers of Examples 1-3 before and after planting were suitable for crop growth, which was beneficial to seed germination and plant growth.

[0077] 4.2 The chemical properties of the planting layers before and after planting of Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1 to 3 were tested, and the test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0078] Table 3 Chemical properties of different treatments before planting

[0079] deal with Ph Ec Total phosphorus g / kg Sustained phosphorus mg / kg Total nitrogen g / kg Rapid nitrogen mg / kg Potassium mg / kg Comparative Example 1 6.80 3.78 39.40 60.48 0.51 268.89 2612.92 Comparative Example 2 7.62 1.98 17.68 16.36 0.16 41.53 1206.12 Comparative Example 3 8.27 1.71 20.21 28.38 1.30 59.36 2080.26 Comparative Example 4 8.37 2.03 21.67 16.91 0.14 144.85 1311.60 Example 1 8.17 2.19 24.89 23.38 0.18 84.84 1515.96 Example 2 8.03 0.88 47.94 17.39 0.12 42.28 1593.75 Example 3 8.13 1.31 38.03 20.89 0.16 62.25 1224.58

[0080] Table 4 Chemical properties after planting under different treatments

[0081] deal with Ph Ec Total phosphorus g / kg Sustained phosphorus mg / kg Total nitrogen g / kg Rapid nitrogen mg / kg Potassium mg / kg Comparative Example 1 4.52 3.07 59.50 53.50 0.64 373.43 3273.47 Comparative Example 2 8.69 1.03 17.55 17.24 0.15 23.99 835.64 Comparative Example 3 8.81 0.68 22.54 25.20 0.47 314.63 860.69 Comparative Example 4 8.98 0.61 18.07 18.19 0.52 101.89 1050.54 Example 1 8.77 0.33 19.09 23.12 0.17 54.57 912.11 Example 2 8.28 0.32 36.10 17.71 0.21 47.63 1773.06 Example 3 8.99 0.36 26.20 21.92 0.18 52.47 935.03

[0082] The planting layers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested for chemical properties before planting and after the entire growth cycle of the crops. The chemical properties showed that the pH and EC values ​​of Examples 1-3 were lower than those of Comparative Example 2, indicating that Examples 1-3 were capable of desalting and dealkali; the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of Examples 1-3 were higher than those of Comparative Example 2, indicating that the nutrients of the planting layer would not be greatly reduced due to the physical and chemical properties after one planting, and the substrate had good continuity and repeatability in use.

[0083] 4.3 The growth of the melon fruits grown in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1 to 3 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0084] Table 5 Fruit growth under different treatments

[0085] deal with <![CDATA[Hardness kg / cm 2 > Fruit longitudinal diameter mm Fruit diameter mm Center sugar content % Single fruit weight g Comparative Example 1 3.15 73.69 83.72 12.87 209.39 Comparative Example 2 2.17 66.03 73.52 8.87 167.68 Comparative Example 3 2.71 76.68 77.87 9.70 196.14 Comparative Example 4 2.55 72.81 78.34 10.37 200.27 Example 1 2.61 76.02 76.88 8.90 200.58 Example 2 2.63 66.95 74.37 9.20 178.08 Example 3 2.53 71.59 77.46 9.21 200.86

[0086] The growth of the melons planted in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested. It was found that compared with Comparative Example 2, the fruit hardness of Examples 1-3 was improved, the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the fruit were increased, the sugar content in the center of the fruit was improved, and the weight of a single fruit was increased, indicating that the soil remediation particles in the plant protection layer can guide and protect the planting layer, so that the planting layer is not affected by salt and alkali, thereby improving the sweetness of the fruit and increasing the fruit yield.

[0087] 4.4 The quality of the melon fruits grown in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1 to 3 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0088] Table 6 Fruit quality under different treatments

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] The quality of the melons grown in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested. It was found that compared with Comparative Example 2, the VC content and soluble sugar content of the fruits of Examples 1-3 were increased, and the nitrate content and organic acid of the fruits were decreased, indicating that the soil remediation particles of the plant protection layer can guide and protect the planting layer, so that the planting layer is not affected by salinity and alkali, thereby improving the quality of the planted fruits.

[0092] 4.5 The fresh and dry weights of different parts of the melons grown in Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1 to 3 were tested under different treatments. The test results are shown in Table 7.

[0093] Table 7 Dry and fresh weight of different parts in different treatments

[0094]

[0095] The dry and fresh weights of different parts of the melons planted in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested after different treatments. It was found that the dry and fresh weights of different parts of Examples 1-3 were increased compared with Comparative Example 2, indicating that the soil remediation particles in the plant protection layer can guide and protect the planting layer, which is conducive to the growth of melon plants.

[0096] 4.6 Root scanning data analysis was performed on the tomatoes planted in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1-3. The test results obtained are shown in Table 8. The root systems were photographed as shown in Table 8. Figure 1-7 shown.

[0097] Table 8 Analysis of root sweeping data under different treatments

[0098] deal with Length cm <![CDATA[Surface area cm 2 > <![CDATA[Volume cm 3 > Diameter (mm) Comparative Example 1 978.66 41.55 0.35 0.98 Comparative Example 2 507.52 22.86 0.15 0.80 Comparative Example 3 685.72 25.84 0.29 0.87 Comparative Example 4 601.69 25.46 0.26 0.88 Example 1 514.19 23.34 0.17 0.82 Example 2 577.20 22.89 0.19 0.84 Example 3 554.03 24.96 0.25 0.82

[0099] The root conditions of the melon plants planted in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were measured, and the results were shown in Table 8 and Table 8. Figure 5-11 It was found that the root length, surface area, volume and diameter of the melons planted using the methods of Examples 1-3 were better than those of Comparative Example 2, indicating that the soil remediation particles in the lower plant protection layer of Examples 1-3 have a regulatory effect on the roots of the melon plants, improving the root vitality and growth.

[0100] It can be found from Tables 1 to 8 that the physical properties, chemical properties, fruit growth, fruit quality, and dry and fresh weights of different parts of plants of Comparative Example 2 (original soil), Comparative Example 1 (commercial matrix), Comparative Example 3 (silica sand), and Comparative Example 4 (50% silica sand and 50% original soil mixed planting) are all better than those of Comparative Example 2. Therefore, it can be inferred that if the planting layer in Examples 1-3 is replaced with one or more of silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat, and matrix, or a mixture of them and soil when planted on a large scale in the field, the planting layer is purified and protected by the soil remediation particles in the bottom layer to prevent the saline-alkali components from affecting the planting layer, so that each component of the planting layer can exert its maximum effect, and the planted fruits and root systems will be better than those in Examples 1-3, which are particularly suitable for planting in saline-alkali land.

[0101] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A plant planting system, characterized in that: It comprises a plant protection layer and a planting layer, wherein the bottom of the plant protection layer is in contact with the soil, and the bottom of the planting layer is in contact with the top of the plant protection layer; The plant protection layer is soil remediation particles; The planting layer is one or more of soil, silica sand, compost, vermiculite, peat and matrix.

2. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat preservation layer, the bottom of which is in contact with the top of the planting layer.

3. The plant planting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is one or more of soil remediation particles and films.

4. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the soil remediation particles is particle size a, where: the value range of a is 0 <a<8cm。 5. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the plant protection layer is greater than 5 cm.

6. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting layer is a mixture of silica sand and soil in a volume ratio of 0.5-3:0.5-3.

7. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting layer is a mixture of silica sand, compost and vermiculite in a volume ratio of 1-6:1-6:1-2; Wherein, the compost refers to a mixture of sheep manure, corn stalks and diatomaceous earth.

8. The plant planting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting layer is a mixture of silica sand and peat in a volume ratio of 2-5:0.5-5.

9. A saline-alkali land planting method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: laying a plant protection layer on the soil surface to obtain a plant protection area, wherein the plant protection layer is soil remediation particles; S2: laying a planting layer on the surface of the plant protection area to obtain a planting area; S3: Planting plants in the area to be planted.

10. Application of the plant planting system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in plant planting or saline-alkali soil improvement; Application of the saline-alkali land planting method as claimed in claim 9 in plant planting or saline-alkali land soil improvement.

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