Multi-laser area printing device capable of regulating and controlling defects

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-laser-area printing device capable of regulating and controlling defects. The multi-laser-area printing device comprises a forming mechanism, a laser emitting mechanism, a defect detecting mechanism and a laser printing regulating and controlling mechanism. The additive laser emission mechanism is used for generating a Gaussian beam or a flat-topped beam; the subtractive laser emitting mechanism is used for generating subtractive laser; the laser printing regulation and control mechanism is used for focusing the generated Gaussian beam or flat-topped beam on a forming substrate of the forming mechanism for printing or focusing the generated subtractive laser on the forming substrate for defect removal; the defect detection mechanism is used for detecting whether the printed current layer on the forming substrate has defects or not; the control mechanism is used for controlling the forming mechanism, the laser emission mechanism, the defect detection mechanism and the laser printing regulation and control mechanism to conduct coordinated actions, and printing of the part to be formed and defect removal are completed. The printing speed is effectively increased, the printing precision is guaranteed, and the machining reliability and the surface forming quality are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a multi-laser area printing device capable of controlling defects. Background Art

[0002] Today, the main factors affecting 3D printing costs include printing speed, equipment investment, and raw material prices. Currently, improving printing speed is the most difficult and has the greatest impact, especially for the most common metal 3D printing process - laser powder bed fusion (LPBF).

[0003] The current mainstream multi-laser LPBF technology mainly improves production efficiency by increasing the number of lasers. Each additional laser source requires a scanning unit, which physically has space limitations and will result in high machine costs. In addition, smoke and splashes make scanning with dozens or even dozens of laser beams more complicated, which will also affect the reusability of the powder and is not conducive to actual production applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects.

[0005] The present invention provides a defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device, comprising: a molding mechanism, a laser emitting mechanism, a defect detection mechanism and a laser printing control mechanism;

[0006] The additive laser emission mechanism is used to generate a Gaussian beam or a flat-top beam;

[0007] The subtractive laser emitting mechanism is used to generate subtractive laser;

[0008] The laser printing control mechanism is used to focus the generated Gaussian beam or flat-top beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism for printing or to focus the generated subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism for defect removal.

[0009] The defect detection mechanism is used to detect whether there is a defect in the current layer that has been printed on the molding substrate of the molding mechanism;

[0010] The control mechanism is used to control the forming mechanism, the laser emitting mechanism, the defect detection mechanism and the laser printing regulating mechanism to coordinate actions to complete the printing of the part to be formed and the removal of defects.

[0011] Preferably, during the coordinated action, when printing of a certain layer begins, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing regulating mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded;

[0012] When the printing of the contour of the part to be formed is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a flat-top beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the flat-top beam onto the forming substrate of the forming mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be formed;

[0013] When the filling of the inner area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part, thereby completing the printing of the current layer;

[0014] After the printing of the current layer is completed, the control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether the current layer that has been printed has defects;

[0015] If so, the control mechanism generates a defect elimination plan according to the defect and the preset elimination strategy, controls the subtractive laser emission mechanism to generate subtractive laser according to the defect elimination plan, and controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal on the defect of the current layer;

[0016] When the defects of the current layer are removed, the control mechanism controls the molding mechanism to start spreading the next layer of powder on its molding substrate;

[0017] The above steps are repeated until the molded part is completed.

[0018] Preferably, the control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether the current layer that has been printed has defects, specifically:

[0019] The control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to obtain an image of the current layer that has been printed;

[0020] And based on the acquired image and the preset defect detection database, it is determined whether the current layer that has been printed has defects.

[0021] Preferably, the laser printing control mechanism comprises a beam deflection component and a printing component; wherein the printing component comprises at least 4 Gaussian beam field lenses, at least 2 flat-top beam field lenses and at least 1 subtractive laser field lens;

[0022] The beam deflection assembly is used to deflect a Gaussian beam onto a Gaussian beam field lens, or to deflect a flat-top beam onto a flat-top beam field lens, or to deflect a subtractive laser sheet onto a subtractive laser field lens;

[0023] The Gaussian beam field lens is used to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded, or to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the contour of the part to be molded;

[0024] The flat-top beam field lens is used to focus the flat-top beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be molded;

[0025] The subtractive laser field mirror is used to focus the subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal of defects in the current layer.

[0026] Preferably, the molding mechanism further comprises a box body, a partition, a first substrate, a second substrate, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, a scraper and a third driving assembly;

[0027] The partition is vertically installed in the box body, and divides the box body into a powder chamber and a molding chamber which are arranged in sequence along a first horizontal direction;

[0028] The first substrate is arranged horizontally, and the first substrate is slidably sealed in the powder chamber along the vertical direction; the first driving mechanism is installed in the powder chamber below the first substrate, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first substrate to slide along the vertical direction;

[0029] The second substrate is arranged horizontally, and the second substrate is slidably sealed in the molding chamber along the vertical direction; the second driving mechanism is installed in the molding chamber below the second substrate, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the second substrate to slide along the vertical direction; the molding substrate is detachably fixed on the second substrate;

[0030] A support plate arranged perpendicularly to the partition plate is provided at one end of the box body in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a scraper is slidably arranged on the support plate along the first horizontal direction; a third driving assembly is drivingly connected to the scraper, and the third driving assembly is used to drive the scraper to slide along the first horizontal direction to spread the powder in the powder chamber on the molding substrate;

[0031] The first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively;

[0032] The printing component also includes a mounting plate, which is fixed on a support plate above the scraper, and the mounting plate is located directly above the molding substrate. The Gaussian beam field lens, the flat-top beam field lens and the subtractive laser field lens are all fixed on the mounting plate; the beam deflection assembly is fixed on the support plate above the mounting plate through a mounting bracket.

[0033] Preferably, the number of the subtractive laser field mirror is 1, and the subtractive laser field mirror is located at the center of the mounting plate;

[0034] The defect detection mechanism includes two defect detection components, which are arranged in sequence along the second horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field mirror;

[0035] The number of the flat-top beam field lenses is 2, and the two flat-top beam field lenses are arranged in sequence along the first horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field lens;

[0036] The number of Gaussian beam field lenses is 4, and the four Gaussian beam field lenses are evenly arranged circumferentially with the subtractive laser field lens as the center, and are staggered with the flat-top beam field lens and the defect detection component.

[0037] Preferably, the diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens is smaller than the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens.

[0038] Preferably, the diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens is 85 μm, and the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens is 250 μm.

[0039] Preferably, the additive laser emitting mechanism includes a Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly corresponding to the Gaussian beam field lens one-to-one and a flat-top beam laser emitting assembly corresponding to the flat-top beam field lens one-to-one; the subtractive laser emitting mechanism includes a subtractive laser emitting assembly corresponding to the subtractive laser field lens one-to-one, and the Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly, the flat-top beam laser emitting assembly and the subtractive laser emitting assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively;

[0040] The beam deflection assembly includes a first beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the Gaussian beam field lens, a second beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the flat-top beam field lens, and a third beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the subtractive laser field lens.

[0041] Preferably, the first light beam deflection device, the second light beam deflection device and the third light beam deflection device are all galvanometers, and the deflection angle of a single galvanometer is adjustable within a range of ±10° in any direction.

[0042] In the present invention, the proposed multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects combines Gaussian beams and flat-top beams to complete layer-by-layer printing of the parts to be formed, effectively improving the printing speed and ensuring the printing accuracy. In addition, the defects caused by printing can be removed by subtractive removal through the defect detection mechanism, the subtractive laser emission mechanism and the laser printing control mechanism, thereby greatly improving the processing reliability and surface forming quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 An isometric view of a multi-laser area printing device with controllable defects in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 A front view of a multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser printing control mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the printing result of a certain layer in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects, comprising:

[0049] Forming mechanism, laser emitting mechanism, defect detection mechanism and laser printing control mechanism

[0050] The additive laser emission mechanism is used to generate a Gaussian beam or a flat-top beam;

[0051] The subtractive laser emitting mechanism is used to generate subtractive laser;

[0052] The laser printing control mechanism is used to focus the generated Gaussian beam or flat-top beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism for printing or to focus the generated subtractive laser onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism for defect removal;

[0053] The defect detection mechanism is used to detect whether there is a defect in the current layer that has been printed on the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism;

[0054] The control mechanism is used to control the forming mechanism, the laser emitting mechanism, the defect detection mechanism and the laser printing regulating mechanism to coordinate actions to complete the printing of the part to be formed and the removal of defects.

[0055] The present invention combines a Gaussian beam and a flat-top beam to complete layer-by-layer printing of the part to be formed, thereby greatly improving the printing efficiency and ensuring the printing accuracy. The defects generated by printing can be detected and removed in real time through a defect detection mechanism, a material reduction mechanism, a laser emission mechanism and a laser printing control mechanism, thereby greatly improving the processing reliability and surface forming quality.

[0056] The subtractive laser in this embodiment is an ultrashort pulse laser, which includes a femtosecond laser and a picosecond laser.

[0057] During the coordinated action, when printing of a certain layer begins, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emission mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded;

[0058] When the printing of the contour of the part to be formed is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a flat-top beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the flat-top beam onto the forming substrate 4 of the forming mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be formed;

[0059] When the filling of the inner area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part, thereby completing the printing of the current layer;

[0060] After the printing of the current layer is completed, the control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether the current layer that has been printed has defects;

[0061] If so, the control mechanism generates a defect elimination plan according to the defect and the preset elimination strategy, and controls the subtractive laser emission mechanism to generate subtractive laser according to the defect elimination plan, and controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the subtractive laser on the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal on the defects of the current layer;

[0062] When the defects of the current layer are removed, the control mechanism controls the molding mechanism to start the next layer of powder laying;

[0063] The above steps are repeated until the molded part is completed.

[0064] This embodiment innovatively proposes a regional printing technology that first uses a Gaussian beam to print the outline, then uses a flat-top beam to fill the internal area of ​​the outline, and then uses a Gaussian beam to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the internal area of ​​the outline. This technology can fully combine the processing advantages of the Gaussian beam and the flat-top beam, effectively improve the printing speed and ensure the printing accuracy, and through the defect detection mechanism, the subtractive laser emission mechanism, and the laser printing control mechanism, it can perform subtractive removal of defects caused by printing, greatly improving the processing reliability and surface forming quality.

[0065] Specifically, the control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether the current layer that has been printed has defects, specifically:

[0066] The control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to obtain an image of the current layer that has been printed;

[0067] And based on the acquired image and the preset defect detection database, it is determined whether the current layer that has been printed has defects.

[0068] In this embodiment, the molding mechanism further includes a box body 1, a partition 2, a first substrate 3, a second substrate, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, a scraper 6 and a third driving assembly;

[0069] The partition 2 is vertically installed in the box body 1, and divides the box body 1 into a powder chamber and a molding chamber which are sequentially arranged along a first horizontal direction;

[0070] The first substrate 3 is arranged horizontally, and the first substrate 3 is slidably sealed in the powder chamber along the vertical direction; the first driving mechanism is installed in the powder chamber below the first substrate 3, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first substrate 3 to slide along the vertical direction;

[0071] The second substrate is arranged horizontally, and the second substrate is slidably sealed in the molding chamber along the vertical direction; the second driving mechanism is installed in the molding chamber below the second substrate, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the second substrate to slide along the vertical direction; the molding substrate 4 is detachably fixed on the top of the second substrate;

[0072] A support plate 5 arranged perpendicularly to the partition plate 2 is provided at one end of the box body 1 in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a scraper 6 is slidably arranged on the support plate 5 along the first horizontal direction; a third driving assembly is drivingly connected to the scraper 6, and the third driving assembly is used to drive the scraper 6 to slide along the first horizontal direction to spread the powder in the powder chamber on the molding substrate 4;

[0073] The first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively.

[0074] In order to realize the regional printing technology proposed by the present invention, which first uses a Gaussian beam to print the outline, then uses a flat-top beam to fill the inner area of ​​the outline, and then uses a Gaussian beam to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the inner area of ​​the outline, in this embodiment, the laser printing control mechanism includes a beam deflection component and a printing component; wherein the printing component includes at least two Gaussian beam field lenses 11, at least one flat-top beam field lens 10 and at least one subtractive laser field lens, and the at least two Gaussian beam field lenses 11 include at least one outline Gaussian beam field lens and at least one filling Gaussian beam field lens;

[0075] The beam deflection assembly is used to deflect the Gaussian beam onto the Gaussian beam field lens, or to deflect the flat-top beam onto the flat-top beam field lens 10, or to deflect the subtractive laser sheet onto the subtractive laser field lens;

[0076] The contour Gaussian beam field lens is used to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded;

[0077] The filling Gaussian beam field lens is used to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the outline of the to-be-molded part;

[0078] The flat-top beam field lens 10 is used to focus the flat-top beam onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be molded;

[0079] The subtractive laser field mirror is used to focus the subtractive laser onto the molding substrate 4 of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal on the defects of the current layer.

[0080] In this embodiment, there are two flat-top beam field lenses 10, which reduces splashes and smoke, greatly improves processing efficiency, and reduces processing costs.

[0081] In this embodiment, the diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens 11 is smaller than the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens 10 .

[0082] In one specific embodiment, the diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens 11 is 85 μm, and the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens 10 is 250 μm.

[0083] This embodiment is configured so that a flat-top beam with a large spot diameter can be used for rapid filling, while a Gaussian beam with a smaller spot diameter can be used to fill the insufficiently printed area (dead corner) after the flat-top beam is filled, thereby effectively ensuring the printing accuracy.

[0084] The single-layer printing result of this embodiment is as follows Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 a in the figure represents the outline of the part to be molded printed by Gaussian beam, b represents the area filled by double flat-top beam, and c represents the dead angle area filled by Gaussian beam.

[0085] Therefore, the additive laser emitting mechanism includes a Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly corresponding one-to-one to the Gaussian beam field lens 11 and a flat-top beam laser emitting assembly corresponding one-to-one to the flat-top beam field lens 10; the subtractive laser emitting mechanism includes a subtractive laser emitting assembly corresponding one-to-one to the subtractive laser field lens, and the Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly, the flat-top beam laser emitting assembly and the subtractive laser emitting assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively.

[0086] Specifically, the energy of the Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly is 500W, and the energy of the flat-top beam laser emitting assembly is 3000W.

[0087] Similarly, the beam deflection assembly includes a first beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the Gaussian beam field lens 11, a second beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the flat-top beam field lens 10, and a third beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the subtractive laser field lens.

[0088] In the present embodiment, the first beam deflection device, the second beam deflection device and the third beam deflection device are all galvanometers, and the deflection angle of a single galvanometer is adjustable within the range of ±10° in any direction to meet the requirements of different processing positions on the substrate.

[0089] Of course, in other embodiments, the first beam deflection device, the second beam deflection device and the third beam deflection device can also be other components that can realize deflection control of the energy beam L, such as an acousto-optic deflector (AODF), an electro-optic deflector (EOD) and a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS).

[0090] Specifically, the printing component also includes a mounting plate 7, which is fixed on the support plate 5 above the scraper 6, and the mounting plate 7 is located directly above the molding substrate 4. The Gaussian beam field lens, the flat-top beam field lens and the subtractive laser field lens are all fixed on the mounting plate 7; the beam deflection assembly is fixed to the support plate 5 above the mounting plate 7 through a mounting bracket.

[0091] In one specific embodiment, the number of the subtractive laser field mirror is 1, and the subtractive laser field mirror is located at the center of the mounting plate 7;

[0092] The defect detection mechanism comprises two defect detection components 9, which are arranged in sequence along the second horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field mirror;

[0093] The number of the flat-top beam field lenses 10 is 2, and the two flat-top beam field lenses 10 are arranged in sequence along the first horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field lens;

[0094] The number of Gaussian beam field lenses 11 is 4. The 4 Gaussian beam field lenses 11 are evenly arranged circumferentially with the subtractive laser field lens as the center, and are staggered with the flat-top beam field lens 10 and the defect detection component 9.

[0095] This embodiment is configured in such a way that the laser printing control mechanism and the defect detection mechanism are integrated. The structural configuration is simple and reasonable, and the regional printing technology proposed in the present invention can be quickly implemented, thereby effectively improving the printing speed while ensuring the printing quality.

[0096] The defect detection component 9 in this embodiment is a visual sensing mechanism such as a camera, a video camera, an infrared camera, etc.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects, characterized in that: include: Forming mechanism, laser emitting mechanism, defect detection mechanism and laser printing control mechanism; The additive laser emission mechanism is used to generate a Gaussian beam or a flat-top beam; The subtractive laser emitting mechanism is used for generating subtractive laser; The laser printing control mechanism is used to focus the generated Gaussian beam or flat-top beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism for printing or to focus the generated subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism for defect removal. The defect detection mechanism is used to detect whether there is a defect in the current layer that has been printed on the molding substrate of the molding mechanism; The control mechanism is used to control the forming mechanism, the laser emitting mechanism, the defect detection mechanism and the laser printing regulating mechanism to coordinate actions to complete the printing of the part to be formed and the removal of defects.

2. The multi-laser area printing device with adjustable defects according to claim 1, characterized in that During the coordinated action, when printing of a certain layer begins, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emission mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded; When the printing of the contour of the part to be formed is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a flat-top beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the flat-top beam onto the forming substrate of the forming mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be formed; When the filling of the inner area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part is completed, the control mechanism controls the additive laser emitting mechanism to generate a Gaussian beam, and then controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the contour of the to-be-molded part, thereby completing the printing of the current layer; After the printing of the current layer is completed, the control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether the current layer that has been printed has defects; If so, the control mechanism generates a defect elimination plan according to the defect and the preset elimination strategy, controls the subtractive laser emission mechanism to generate subtractive laser according to the defect elimination plan, and controls the laser printing control mechanism to focus the subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal on the defect of the current layer; When the defects of the current layer are removed, the control mechanism controls the molding mechanism to start spreading the next layer of powder on its molding substrate; The above steps are repeated until the molded part is completed.

3. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to detect whether there is a defect in the current layer that has been printed, specifically: The control mechanism controls the defect detection mechanism to obtain an image of the current layer that has been printed, and determines whether the current layer that has been printed has defects based on the obtained image and a preset defect detection database.

4. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser printing control mechanism includes a beam deflection component and a printing component; wherein the printing component includes at least two Gaussian beam field lenses, at least one flat-top beam field lens and at least one subtractive laser field lens; The beam deflection assembly is used to deflect a Gaussian beam onto a Gaussian beam field lens, or to deflect a flat-top beam onto a flat-top beam field lens, or to deflect a subtractive laser sheet onto a subtractive laser field lens; The Gaussian beam field lens is used to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to print the contour of the part to be molded, or to focus the Gaussian beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the insufficiently printed area of ​​the contour of the part to be molded; The flat-top beam field lens is used to focus the flat-top beam onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to fill the inner area of ​​the contour of the part to be molded; The subtractive laser field mirror is used to focus the subtractive laser onto the molding substrate of the molding mechanism to perform subtractive removal of defects in the current layer.

5. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The molding mechanism also includes a box body, a partition, a first substrate, a second substrate, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, a scraper and a third driving assembly; The partition is vertically installed in the box body, and divides the box body into a powder chamber and a molding chamber which are arranged in sequence along a first horizontal direction; The first substrate is arranged horizontally, and the first substrate is slidably sealed in the powder chamber along the vertical direction; the first driving mechanism is installed in the powder chamber below the first substrate, and the first driving mechanism is used to drive the first substrate to slide along the vertical direction; The second substrate is arranged horizontally, and the second substrate is slidably sealed in the molding chamber along the vertical direction; the second driving mechanism is installed in the molding chamber below the second substrate, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the second substrate to slide along the vertical direction; the molding substrate is detachably fixed on the second substrate; A support plate arranged perpendicularly to the partition plate is provided at one end of the box body in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction; a scraper is slidably arranged on the support plate along the first horizontal direction; a third driving assembly is drivingly connected to the scraper, and the third driving assembly is used to drive the scraper to slide along the first horizontal direction to spread the powder in the powder chamber on the molding substrate; The first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively; The printing component also includes a mounting plate, which is fixed on a support plate above the scraper, and the mounting plate is located directly above the molding substrate. The Gaussian beam field lens, the flat-top beam field lens and the subtractive laser field lens are all fixed on the mounting plate; the beam deflection assembly is fixed on the support plate above the mounting plate through a mounting bracket.

6. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the subtractive laser field mirror is 1, and the subtractive laser field mirror is located at the center of the mounting plate; The defect detection mechanism includes two defect detection components, which are arranged in sequence along the second horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field mirror; The number of the flat-top beam field lenses is 2, and the two flat-top beam field lenses are arranged in sequence along the first horizontal direction and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subtractive laser field lens; The number of Gaussian beam field lenses is 4, and the 4 Gaussian beam field lenses are evenly arranged circumferentially with the subtractive laser field lens as the center, and are staggered with the flat-top beam field lens and the defect detection component.

7. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens is smaller than the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens.

8. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the Gaussian beam spot formed by the Gaussian beam field lens is 85 μm, and the diameter of the flat-top beam spot formed by the flat-top beam field lens is 250 μm.

9. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The additive laser emitting mechanism includes a Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly corresponding to the Gaussian beam field mirror and a flat-top beam laser emitting assembly corresponding to the flat-top beam field mirror; the subtractive laser emitting mechanism includes a subtractive laser emitting assembly corresponding to the subtractive laser field mirror, and the Gaussian beam laser emitting assembly, the flat-top beam laser emitting assembly and the subtractive laser emitting assembly are electrically connected to the control mechanism respectively; The beam deflection assembly includes a first beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the Gaussian beam field lens, a second beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the flat-top beam field lens, and a third beam deflection device corresponding one-to-one to the subtractive laser field lens.

10. The defect-adjustable multi-laser area printing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first light beam deflection device, the second light beam deflection device and the third light beam deflection device are all galvanometers, and the deflection angle of a single galvanometer is adjustable within a range of ±10° in any direction.

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