Sample storage equipment and method for soil microorganism detection

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample detection, in particular to sample storage equipment and a sample storage method for soil microorganism detection. Comprising a base, a storage chamber mounted on the base, a top cover in threaded connection with the storage chamber, a sample preparation assembly and a crushing assembly which are mounted on the top cover, a blanking assembly mounted on a discharge port of the sample preparation assembly, a bearing assembly mounted on the base, and a transmission assembly and an air drying assembly which are mounted on the bearing assembly, a grinding head is installed on the crushing assembly, a plurality of sample bottles are installed on the transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is used for driving the sample bottles to rotate with the vertical center line of the storage chamber as the axis, and the crushing assembly is used for driving the grinding head to rotate and move up and down in the vertical direction; through cooperation of the crushing assembly and the transmission assembly, automatic multi-sample subdivision filling can be carried out in the storage chamber, manual filling is avoided, and the sample preparation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sample detection, and in particular to a sample storage device and method for soil microorganism detection. Background Art

[0002] Soil microorganisms carry out oxidation, nitrification, ammoniation, nitrogen fixation and sulfidation processes in the soil, promoting the decomposition of soil organic matter and the conversion of nutrients. Soil microorganisms are generally composed of bacteria in the largest number. Beneficial bacteria include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and saprophytic bacteria; harmful bacteria include denitrifying bacteria, etc. There are usually 1 to 10 bacteria in 1 gram of soil, and their types and numbers vary with the soil-forming environment and the depth of the soil layer.

[0003] The overall quality, shape or form of the collected soil samples are different, and the staff is required to further refine and fill the collected soil samples to form multiple soil samples. When testing the soil microorganisms, because soil moisture has a great influence on microbial activity, soil samples with different humidity are generally used to test the microbial activity. First, each untreated sample is tested for microbial activity, and then the soil samples are dried to different degrees and stored for a certain period of time before being tested for microbial activity (quantity) to observe the changes in microbial activity under soil conditions of different humidity.

[0004] The above detection method requires that the soil sample be first refined and filled to form multiple samples, and then the samples are processed separately using drying equipment to perform different degrees of drying. The process relies entirely on manual operation and the steps are cumbersome. Therefore, a device can be designed to perform different degrees of drying on the soil sample while preparing the sample, and directly form soil sample products with different humidity for storage, which does not require multiple manual refinement, filling and drying processes, thereby improving the detection efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem of low detection efficiency due to the cumbersome fine filling and drying process required when testing the microbial activity of soil samples under different humidity conditions.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection, comprising a base, a storage chamber installed on the base and a top cover threadedly connected to the storage chamber, and also comprising a sample preparation component movably connected to the top cover, a crushing component installed on the top cover, a material drop component installed on the material outlet of the sample preparation component, a supporting component installed on the base, a transmission component installed on the supporting component and an air drying component, wherein a grinding head is installed on the crushing component, a plurality of sample bottles are installed on the transmission component, and the transmission component is used to drive the sample bottles to rotate with the vertical center line of the storage chamber as the axis. The crushing assembly is used to drive the grinding head to rotate and move up and down in the vertical direction; when the crushing assembly drives the grinding head to move down to the preset value K1, the transmission assembly drives one of the sample bottles to rotate to the bottom of the blanking assembly, and the transmission assembly drives the air-drying assembly to discharge or inhale gas. The sample preparation assembly can move up and down in the vertical direction. When the sample preparation assembly moves down to the preset value K2, the blanking assembly is used to open or close the discharge port of the sample preparation assembly. The supporting assembly is used to detect the gravity value of the transmission assembly. An auxiliary heating assembly is installed on the top cover, and the auxiliary heating assembly is used to heat the gas discharged from the air-drying assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the sample preparation component includes a sample bin arranged on the top cover, a guide post fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample bin, a tension sensor installed on the top cover, a No. 1 spring installed on the guide post, a return air chamber fixed on the sample bin and an air hole opened on the inner wall of the sample bin, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bin, a hole adapted to the guide post is opened on the top cover, the guide post is inserted into the hole, one end of the No. 1 spring is connected to the guide post, and the other end is connected to the tension sensor, the tension sensor is used to detect the tension value of the No. 1 spring, when the tension sensor detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring reaches the threshold value F2, the transmission component stops driving the sample bottle to rotate, and the blanking component opens the discharge port, the air hole is connected to the return air chamber, the air drying component is used to input gas into the return air chamber, or to extract the gas in the return air chamber, and the air hole is used to discharge the gas in the return air chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes a stand fixedly connected to the top cover, a balance table and an end table fixedly connected to the stand, a cylinder installed on the end table, a middle column installed on the output end of the cylinder and a No. 1 motor installed in the middle column, a reset spring installed on the balance table and a reset sensor installed on the middle column, the grinding head is installed on the output end of the No. 1 motor, the cylinder is used to drive the middle column to move up and down in the balance table, the No. 1 motor is used to drive the grinding head to rotate, one end of the reset spring is connected to the balance table, and the other end is connected to the reset sensor, the reset sensor is used to detect the tension value of the reset spring, when the reset sensor detects that the tension of the reset spring reaches the threshold value F1, the transmission assembly drives the sample bottle to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the blanking assembly includes a blanking pipe installed on the discharge port, a ball valve movably connected in the blanking pipe, a No. 2 motor installed on the blanking pipe and a No. 1 bevel gear installed on the ball valve. The ball valve is installed on the output end of the No. 2 motor. When the tension sensor detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring reaches the threshold value F2, the No. 2 motor drives the ball valve to rotate and connects the discharge port and the blanking pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the supporting assembly includes a seat sleeve installed on the base, a shaft column movably connected to the seat sleeve, a radiating rod fixedly connected to the shaft column, an outer ring body and a tray fixedly connected to the upper end of the radiating rod, a No. 2 spring and a pressure sensor installed in the seat sleeve, one end of the No. 2 spring is connected to the shaft column, and the other end is connected to the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure value of the No. 2 spring.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes an inner ring body movably connected to the outer ring body, a plurality of placement tubes arranged around the inner ring body, a through opening opened at the lower end of the placement tube, a No. 3 motor installed on the tray, a flat gear fixedly connected to the output end of the No. 3 motor and a No. 2 bevel gear installed on the flat gear, the sample bottle is inserted into the corresponding placement tube, the inner ring body is meshed with the flat gear, the No. 3 motor is used to drive the flat gear and the No. 2 bevel gear to rotate, and the flat gear drives the inner ring body to rotate through meshing transmission.

[0012] Preferably, the air-drying component includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the outer ring body, a No. 1 gas cylinder fixedly connected to the fixed frame, a No. 1 piston rod movably connected in the No. 1 gas cylinder, a rocker arm hinged on the No. 1 piston rod, a No. 3 bevel gear movably connected to the fixed frame and an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the No. 1 gas cylinder, the No. 3 bevel gear is meshed with the No. 2 bevel gear, the rocker arm is movably connected to the eccentric side of the No. 2 bevel gear, the No. 3 bevel gear is used to drive the rocker arm to swing, and the rocker arm is used to drive the No. 1 piston rod to move along the vertical axis of the No. 1 gas cylinder, when the No. 1 piston rod moves upward, the gas in the No. 1 gas cylinder is discharged through the exhaust pipe; when the No. 1 piston rod moves downward, the external gas enters the No. 1 gas cylinder through the exhaust pipe; the auxiliary heating component includes a bracket installed on the top cover, a heating cylinder fixedly connected to the bracket and a heating resistance wire installed in the heating cylinder, the heating cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the exhaust pipe, the heating resistance wire is externally connected to the AC power supply and heats the exhaust pipe and the gas inside it.

[0013] Preferably, a lifting assembly is installed on the base, and a picking port is opened on the top cover. The lifting assembly is used to drive the sample bottle corresponding to the picking port to rise. The lifting assembly includes a guide rail installed on the base, a moving machine sliding axially along the guide rail, an airbag installed on the moving machine, and an inflation tube with one end fixedly connected to the airbag. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the No. 2 spring reaches the threshold value F3, the moving machine moves along the guide rail to one side of the edge of the inner ring body until the airbag is under the corresponding through port; an inflation assembly is installed on the blanking assembly, and the inflation assembly is used to input gas into the airbag or extract gas from the airbag. The inflation assembly includes a hanger fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample bin, a hanger fixedly connected to the hanger The second air cylinder on the frame, the second piston rod movably connected in the second air cylinder, the support platform fixedly connected to the hanger, the fourth bevel gear movably connected to the support platform and the directional rod fixedly connected to the sample bin, the fourth bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is provided with a threaded hole, the second piston rod is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, the first bevel gear is used to drive the fourth bevel gear to rotate, the fourth bevel gear is used to drive the second piston rod to move vertically along the threaded hole, the other end of the inflation tube is fixedly connected to the second air cylinder, when the second piston rod moves downward, the air in the second air cylinder is input into the air bag through the inflation tube; when the second piston rod moves upward, the air in the air bag is input into the second air cylinder through the inflation tube.

[0014] Preferably, an alarm assembly is installed on the top cover, and the alarm assembly includes a sealing plate arranged on the picking port, a hinge movably connected between the top cover and the sealing plate, and an alarm installed on the hinge. A torsion spring and a torque sensor are provided in the hinge. The torque sensor is used to detect the torque value of the torsion spring. The sealing plate flips around the hinge. When the sealing plate flips upward and opens the picking port, the torque sensor detects that the torque value of the torsion spring reaches a threshold value F4, and the alarm is activated.

[0015] A sample storage method for soil microorganism detection, using the sample storage device for soil microorganism detection as described above, comprises the following steps: S1: The user puts the weighed soil sample into the sample chamber of the sample preparation component (the height of the soil sample does not exceed the height of the air hole), the weight of the sample chamber increases, presses the No. 1 spring to lengthen (at this time, the tension value of the No. 1 spring does not reach the set threshold value F2), and the sample chamber moves downward for a distance; S2: Then start the cylinder and No. 1 motor in the crushing assembly, control the grinding head to rotate and move downward, and at the same time, the reset spring is compressed. When the grinding head enters the sample chamber and does not reach the air hole, the reset sensor detects that the tension value of the reset spring reaches the threshold F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor starts to run and control the rotation of the flat gear, which in turn drives the inner ring body to rotate, and the sample bottle is transported in a circular direction. S3: At the same time, the No. 2 bevel gear on the flat gear transmits power to the No. 3 bevel gear. When the No. 3 bevel gear rotates, it drives the rocker arm to swing and pushes and pulls the No. 1 piston rod. The No. 1 piston rod moves upward first to squeeze out the gas in the No. 1 cylinder. The gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe and forms a hot air flow after being heated by the heating resistor wire in the auxiliary heating component. It finally enters the return air chamber and is discharged into the sample chamber through the air hole to air dry the soil sample (the air flow will blow the broken soil particles to roll to ensure the air drying of the upper and lower layers of soil). At this time, the No. 3 bevel gear rotates half a circle by itself; S4: Then, the grinding head rotates and moves downward continuously, and the inner ring body continuously transports the sample bottle in a circular direction. When the grinding head reaches below the air hole, the rocker arm swings and pulls the No. 1 piston rod downward, and the external gas is sucked into the No. 1 gas cylinder through the air hole, the return air chamber and the exhaust pipe (because the air hole is above the grinding head and does not touch the soil sample, soil particles will not enter); S5: As the grinding head rotates and moves downward continuously, it acts on the soil sample to crush it and also generates pressure on the sample bin. The sample bin continues to move downward, and the No. 1 spring is stretched (at this time, the tension value of the No. 1 spring has not yet reached the set threshold value). When the sample bin continues to move downward until it is close to the top cover, the tension value of the No. 1 spring reaches the set threshold value F2. At this time, the No. 3 bevel gear rotates one circle, and one of the sample bottles enters under the blanking pipe in the blanking assembly. The tension sensor sends a signal to the control unit of the cylinder, the No. 2 motor and the No. 3 motor. The cylinder and the No. 3 motor are shut down, the inner ring stops rotating, and the cylinder stops driving the grinding head downward. At the same time, the No. 2 motor starts to control the rotation of the ball valve. The ball valve connects the discharge port and the discharge pipe, and the crushed soil sample is discharged from the discharge pipe into the sample bottle below. S6: When the ball valve rotates, it drives the No. 4 bevel gear to rotate. The No. 4 bevel gear transmits power to the No. 2 piston rod, controls it to move downward, discharges the gas in the No. 2 cylinder, and enters the air bag through the inflation tube. The air bag expands and deforms upward (because the air bag is not under the port at this time, it will not act on the sample bottle to lift it up); S7: According to the preset time of the program (determined by the test, the volume of the soil sample entering the sample bottle meets the test requirements), the No. 2 motor starts, controls the ball valve to rotate in the opposite direction, and the ball valve closes the discharge port and the discharge pipe. At the same time, the No. 4 bevel gear also rotates in the opposite direction, and the No. 2 piston rod moves upward, and the gas in the airbag is sucked into the No. 2 air cylinder, and the airbag shrinks; S8: According to the preset time of the program (the discharge time is determined according to the test, and the fixed discharge time is used as the interval time of the cylinder cycle operation), the cylinder drives the grinding head to move upward, and at the same time, the sample chamber moves upward for a distance due to the deformation recovery effect of the No. 1 spring. When the grinding head returns to a position higher than the air hole, the reset sensor detects again that the tension value of the reset spring reaches the threshold F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor starts to operate and controls the flat gear to rotate again. The flat gear drives the inner ring body to rotate, and another sample bottle is transported to the bottom of the drop tube in the circular direction. While transporting, the steps of S2-S7 are repeated; S9: When all the sample bottles are filled with samples, the shaft column moves downward due to the gravity from above, compressing the No. 2 spring to reach the threshold value F3 (the weight range of the air-dried soil is determined according to the air-drying test of the corresponding weight soil sample), and the pressure sensor sends a signal to the mobile machine of the lifting component. The mobile machine slides along the guide rail and carries the airbag to the bottom of the corresponding opening. The equipment is shut down, and all the sample bottles are stored in the storage room; S10: After restarting the equipment, repeat the operation according to steps S2-S8. The airbag is repeatedly inflated and expands, enters from the through port, and lifts up the sample bottles passing above it in turn. The lifted sample bottles are exposed from the picking port, and the sealing plate is pushed open. At the same time, the torsion spring in the hinge is deformed, and the torque sensor detects the torque signal and sends it to the alarm. The alarm prompts the user to take out the sample bottles pushed out from the picking port in turn. When all the sample bottles are taken out, the pressure value of the No. 2 spring returns to zero, and the pressure sensor sends a signal to the mobile machine again, and the mobile machine returns to the initial position. After the soil test is completed, start the equipment, and then put the empty sample bottles back from the picking port in turn.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. Through the cooperation of the crushing component and the transmission component, multiple samples can be automatically subdivided and filled in the storage room, eliminating manual filling and improving sample preparation efficiency; 2. The air drying component is driven by the transmission component to operate. During sample preparation, soil samples with different humidity can be formed by intermittently inputting hot air, which is convenient for directly testing the activity of soil microorganisms under different humidity environments. There is no need to use additional drying equipment for processing, which improves the detection efficiency; 3. Hot air is delivered while the crushing component is working, which can blow off the soil particles adhering to the grinding head and the wall of the sample chamber to reduce soil residue; 4. The grinding head is raised and lowered to the top of the air hole to output hot air, and raised and lowered to the bottom of the air hole to draw in air, so as to avoid the air hole being exposed and causing soil particles to flow into the air hole when air is drawn, and to prevent the return air cavity from being blocked due to long-term use; 5. The power of the blanking component is used to drive the inflation component to operate, inflate and deflate the airbag, and the expansion force of the airbag is used to eject the sample bottle. The user does not need to open the top cover to take out the sample bottle, which makes it more convenient to take out the sample; 6. When the airbag is in the initial position, as the inflatable assembly is continuously inflated and deflated, when the soil sample is filled into the sample bottle, the airbag expands and supports at the radiation rod, which can play a certain stabilizing role and prevent the outer ring and the sample bottle from shaking due to the impact force during filling; 7. Through the setting of the alarm component, the action of the airbag pushing out the sample bottle is used to activate the alarm, which is convenient for reminding the user whether the sample bottles in the storage room are full, and it is convenient to manually start and stop the equipment as needed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample storage device sample preparation component for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blanking assembly of the sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing component of a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly structure of the sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-drying component of a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention; Fig. 9 The sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Fig.10 The sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Fig.11 The sample storage device for soil microorganism detection of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals: 101, base; 102, storage chamber; 103, top cover; 201, sample compartment; 202, guide column; 203, tension sensor; 204, spring No. 1; 205, return air chamber; 206, air hole; 301, stand; 302, balance table; 303, end table; 304, cylinder; 305, middle column; 306, motor No. 1; 307, grinding head; 308, reset spring; 309, reset sensor; 401, drop pipe; 402, ball valve; 403, motor No. 2; 404, bevel gear No. 1; 501, seat sleeve; 502, shaft column; 503, radiation rod; 504, outer ring body; 505, tray; 506, spring No. 2; 507, pressure sensor; 601 , inner ring body; 602, placement tube; 603, port; 604, sample bottle; 605, No. 3 motor; 606, flat gear; 607, No. 2 bevel gear; 701, No. 1 air cylinder; 702, No. 1 piston rod; 703, rocker arm; 704, No. 3 bevel gear; 705, fixed frame; 706, exhaust pipe; 801, bracket; 802, heating tube; 803, heating resistor wire; 901, guide rail; 902, mobile machine; 903, air bag; 904, inflation tube; 1001, hanger; 1002, No. 2 air cylinder; 1003, No. 2 piston rod; 1004, support platform; 1005, No. 4 bevel gear; 1006, directional rod; 1101, sealing plate; 1102, hinge; 1103, alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 11The present invention provides an embodiment: a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection, comprising a base 101, a storage chamber 102 installed on the base 101 and a top cover 103 threadedly connected to the storage chamber 102, and also comprising a sample preparation component movably connected to the top cover 103, a crushing component installed on the top cover 103, a blanking component installed on the discharge port of the sample preparation component, a supporting component installed on the base 101, a transmission component and an air-drying component installed on the supporting component, a grinding head 307 is installed on the crushing component, a plurality of sample bottles 604 are installed on the transmission component, the transmission component is used to drive the sample bottles 604 to rotate with the vertical center line of the storage chamber 102 as the axis, and the crushing component is used to drive the grinding head 307 to rotate and move up and down in the vertical direction;When the crushing component drives the grinding head 307 to move down to the preset value K1, the transmission component drives one of the sample bottles 604 to rotate to the bottom of the blanking component, and the transmission component drives the air-drying component to discharge or inhale gas. The sample preparation component can move up and down in the vertical direction. When the sample preparation component moves down to the preset value K2, the blanking component is used to open or close the discharge port of the sample preparation component. The supporting component is used to detect the gravity value of the transmission component. An auxiliary heating component is installed on the top cover 103. The auxiliary heating component is used to heat the gas discharged by the air-drying component. (Soil moisture has an important influence on the reproduction of microorganisms and the consumption of organic matter in the soil. Therefore, under different humidity conditions, the microorganisms in the soil The activity detection is very necessary, so the soil samples in the same area are filled and dried to different degrees to make several soil samples with different humidity for detection. The control experiment operation) The user weighs the soil sample taken from a certain area to obtain the standard weight (determined according to the needs of the detection experiment. It is worth noting that the soil sample here is a soil block with a certain humidity, not a fluidized, sticky state of soil) and puts it into the sample preparation component, then starts the crushing component, controls the grinding head 307 (which has several gears and flanges for crushing soil blocks) to rotate while moving up and down. When the grinding head 307 moves down to the preset value K1, the crushing component sends The signal is sent to the transmission component, the transmission component starts, and the sample bottle 604 is transported in a circular direction. At the same time, the transmission component transmits power to the air-drying component, and the air is exhausted by the air-drying component, and the exhausted air is heated by the auxiliary heating component to form a hot air flow, which enters the sample preparation component to dry the crushed soil sample. After the gas is completely exhausted, the air-drying component draws in the outside air. When the grinding head 307 squeezes the sample preparation component and moves it down to the preset value K2, the sample preparation component sends a signal to the blanking component and the transmission component, and the transmission component stops driving. At this time, one of the sample bottles 604 is transported to the bottom of the blanking port, and the blanking component opens the blanking port, and the soil sample falls and is filled into the sample bottle 60 below. 4, according to the preset opening and closing interval time of the blanking component, the blanking component closes the blanking port, and after the crushing component is reset, it controls the grinding head 307 to move down again to crush the soil sample. At the same time, the transmission component and the air drying component continue to operate according to the above process until each sample bottle 604 is filled in turn (because from the time when the soil sample is filled in the first sample bottle 604, until each sample bottle 604 is completed, the air drying component successively performs different times of drying treatment on the soil sample in the sample preparation component, so the humidity of the soil sample in each sample bottle 604 is different). As the sample bottle 604 is gradually filled, the weight gradually increases, and the supporting component continues to detect the weight change on the transmission component. ;

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 and Fig. 9In this embodiment, the sample preparation component includes a sample bin 201 arranged on the top cover 103, a guide post 202 fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample bin 201, a tension sensor 203 installed on the top cover 103, a No. 1 spring 204 installed on the guide post 202, a return air chamber 205 fixed on the sample bin 201 and an air hole 206 opened on the inner wall of the sample bin 201, the discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bin 201, a hole adapted to the guide post 202 is opened on the top cover 103, the guide post 202 is inserted into the hole, and the No. 1 spring 20 One end of the sample bottle 604 is connected to the guide column 202, and the other end is connected to the tension sensor 203. The tension sensor 203 is used to detect the tension value of the No. 1 spring 204. When the tension sensor 203 detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the threshold value F2, the transmission component stops driving the sample bottle 604 to rotate, and the blanking component opens the discharge port. The air hole 206 is connected to the return air chamber 205. The air drying component is used to input gas into the return air chamber 205, or to extract the gas in the return air chamber 205. The air hole 206 is used to discharge the gas in the return air chamber 205. The sample chamber When the sample chamber 201 is in an unloaded state, it is suspended by the elastic supporting force of the No. 1 spring 204. When a soil sample is loaded into it, the sample chamber 201 moves downward under the influence of gravity and presses the No. 1 spring 204 to extend a certain distance. At this time, there is still a certain space between the bottom of the sample chamber 201 and the top cover 103. When the crushing assembly drives the grinding head 307 to crush the soil sample, the grinding head 307 continuously applies downward pressure to the sample chamber 201, and the sample chamber 201 moves downward until the bottom of the sample chamber 201 fits with the top cover 103. At this time, the tension is transmitted. The sensor 203 detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the threshold value F2, and sends a signal to the blanking assembly and the transmission assembly. The blanking assembly opens the discharge port, and the transmission assembly transports one of the sample bottles 604 to the bottom of the discharge port and stops running. The air-drying assembly also completes the discharge and suction of gas at the same time. During the downward movement of the grinding head 307, the gas is discharged into the sample chamber 201 through the return air chamber 205 and the air hole 206 to dry the soil sample. After the gas is completely discharged, the outside air is also sucked back through the air hole 206 to wait for the next drying process.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , Figure 4-Figure 6 and Fig. 9In this embodiment, the crushing assembly includes a stand 301 fixedly connected to the top cover 103, a balance table 302 and an end table 303 fixedly connected to the stand 301, a cylinder 304 installed on the end table 303, a middle column 305 installed on the output end of the cylinder 304 and a No. 1 motor 306 installed in the middle column 305, a reset spring 308 installed on the balance table 302 and a reset sensor 309 installed on the middle column 305, a grinding head 307 is installed on the output end of the No. 1 motor 306, the cylinder 304 is used to drive the middle column 305 to move up and down in the balance table 302, the No. 1 motor 306 is used to drive the grinding head 307 to rotate, one end of the reset spring 308 is connected to the balance table 302, and the grinding head 307 is rotated. The other end is connected to the reset sensor 309 on the weighing platform 302. The reset sensor 309 is used to detect the tension value of the reset spring 308. When the reset sensor 309 detects that the tension of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1, the transmission component drives the sample bottle 604 to rotate. When the crushing component is in the initial state, the grinding head 307 is above the sample bin 201, and there is enough space in the middle to put the soil sample into the sample bin 201. When the crushing component is started, the cylinder 304 and the first motor 306 run at the same time, driving the grinding head 307 to rotate and move downward. When the cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to enter the sample bin 201 and does not reach the air hole 206, the reset sensor 309 is reset. 09 detects that the deformation of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1, and sends a signal to the transmission component. The transmission component starts to run, conveys the sample bottle 604 in a circular direction, and drives the air-drying component to convey gas to the space between the grinding head 307 and the sample chamber 201 for drying. As the grinding head 307 continues to move downward, all the gas in the air-drying component is discharged. At the same time, the grinding head 307 also reaches the bottom of the air hole 206. The transmission component continues to convey power to the air-drying component to start drawing back the outside air. The grinding head 307 also gradually acts on the soil sample to break the soil blocks. When the sample chamber 201 moves downward under the action of the grinding head 307 until the tension sensor 203 detects that the deformation of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the threshold After F2, the tension sensor 203 sends a signal to the cylinder 304, and the cylinder 304 stops running. At the same time, the transmission component also stops running, so that the grinding head 307 maintains the compression state on the sample bin 201, and the blanking component starts to fill a part of the soil sample in the sample bin 201 into the corresponding sample bottle 604 below the discharge port. After the blanking component start time reaches the preset value K3, the cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to move upward and reset until the reset sensor 309 detects that the deformation of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1 again, and then the cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to move downward again, and repeats the operation according to the above process (the cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to move through five stages,They are respectively the stage of being above the sample chamber 201, the stage of entering the sample chamber 201 and being above the air hole 206, the stage of being below the air hole 206, the stage of breaking the soil block, and the stage of squeezing the sample chamber 201 to be close to the top cover 103. Among them, when entering the sample chamber 201 and being above the air hole 206, the transmission component transmits the sample bottle 604, and the air-drying component discharges gas into the sample chamber 201; when being below the air hole 206, the transmission component continuously transmits the sample bottle 604, and the air-drying component inhales gas; when breaking the soil block, the transmission component continuously transmits the sample bottle 604, and the air-drying component continuously inhales gas; when squeezing the sample chamber 201 to be close to the top cover 103, the transmission component stops transmitting the sample bottle 604).

[0023] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 , Fig. 9 In this embodiment, the blanking assembly includes a blanking tube 401 installed on the discharge port, a ball valve 402 movably connected in the blanking tube 401, a No. 2 motor 403 installed on the blanking tube 401, and a No. 1 bevel gear 404 installed on the ball valve 402. The ball valve 402 is installed on the output end of the No. 2 motor 403. When the tension sensor 203 detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the threshold value F2, the No. 2 motor 403 drives the ball valve 402 to rotate, and connects the discharge port and the blanking tube 401. The cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to move downward and act on the sample chamber 201 until the tension sensor 203 detects that the deformation of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the threshold value F2. The tension sensor 203 sends a signal to the cylinder 304, and the cylinder 304 stops. The operation stops, and at the same time, the transmission component also stops running, so that the grinding head 307 maintains the compression state on the sample bin 201, and the No. 2 motor 403 in the blanking component starts, and the ball valve 402 is rotated to make the channel on the ball valve 402 communicate with the discharge port and the blanking pipe 401, and a part of the soil sample (the crushed soil particles) in the sample bin 201 enters the corresponding sample bottle 604 below along the discharge port, the ball valve 402 and the blanking pipe 401. According to the preset start time parameter of the No. 2 motor 403 (the amount of soil sample passing through the discharge port per unit time is determined according to the experiment to ensure the minimum detection requirement), after a part of the soil sample is loaded, the No. 2 motor 403 outputs power in the reverse direction to control the ball valve 402 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the channel of the ball valve 402 is separated from the discharge port, and the discharge of the soil sample is stopped.

[0024] See also Figure 2-Figure 3 , Figure 7-Figure 8 and Figure 10-11In this embodiment, the supporting assembly includes a seat cover 501 installed on the base 101, a shaft column 502 movably connected to the seat cover 501, a radiation rod 503 fixedly connected to the shaft column 502, an outer ring body 504 and a tray 505 fixedly connected to the upper end of the radiation rod 503, a No. 2 spring 506 and a pressure sensor 507 installed in the seat cover 501, one end of the No. 2 spring 506 is connected to the shaft column 502, and the other end is connected to the pressure sensor 507, and the pressure sensor 507 is used to detect the pressure value of the No. 2 spring 506, and the transmission assembly includes a No. 2 spring 506 movably connected to the outer ring body 504. The inner ring body 601, a plurality of placement tubes 602 arranged around the inner ring body 601, a through port 603 opened at the lower end of the placement tube 602, a No. 3 motor 605 installed on the tray 505, a flat gear 606 fixedly connected to the output end of the No. 3 motor 605 and a No. 2 bevel gear 607 installed on the flat gear 606, the sample bottle 604 is inserted into the corresponding placement tube 602, the inner ring body 601 is meshed with the flat gear 606, the No. 3 motor 605 is used to drive the flat gear 606 and the No. 2 bevel gear 607 to rotate, and the flat gear 606 drives the inner ring body 601 to rotate through meshing transmission The outer ring body 504 provides support for the inner ring body 601, so that the inner ring body 601 can rotate along the outer ring body 504. When the reset sensor 309 detects that the deformation of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1, it sends a signal to the control unit of the third motor 605, and the third motor 605 is immediately started to control the flat gear 606 to rotate. The inner ring body 601 is provided with a gear ring structure meshing with the flat gear 606, so that the inner ring body 601 rotates synchronously, driving the sample bottles 604 placed in the placement tube 602 to rotate until one of the sample bottles 604 rotates to the bottom of the discharge port (the flat gear 606 rotates). When the inner ring body 601 rotates one circle, the angle of rotation is the angle between two adjacent sample bottles 604). After the soil sample enters the sample bottle 604, the weight of the transmission assembly increases, generating downward pressure on the outer ring body 504, causing the shaft column 502 to slide into the seat sleeve 501 and squeeze the No. 2 spring 506. The pressure sensor 507 collects the pressure value of the No. 2 spring 506. When the flat gear 606 rotates, the power is output to the air-drying assembly through the No. 2 bevel gear 607 (when the flat gear 606 rotates one circle, the No. 2 bevel gear 607 also rotates one circle and drives the air-drying assembly to complete a gas discharge and intake).

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 , Figure 7-Figure 8 and Figure 10-11In this embodiment, the air-drying component includes a fixing frame 705 fixedly connected to the outer ring body 504, a No. 1 air cylinder 701 fixedly connected to the fixing frame 705, a No. 1 piston rod 702 movably connected to the No. 1 air cylinder 701, a rocker arm 703 hinged on the No. 1 piston rod 702, a No. 3 bevel gear 704 movably connected to the fixing frame 705 and an exhaust pipe 706 fixedly connected to the No. 1 air cylinder 701, the No. 3 bevel gear 704 is meshed with the No. 2 bevel gear 607, the rocker arm 703 is movably connected to the eccentric side of the No. 2 bevel gear 607, the No. 3 bevel gear 704 is used to drive the rocker arm 703 to swing, and the rocker arm 703 is used to drive the rocker arm 703 to swing. The arm 703 is used to drive the No. 1 piston rod 702 to move along the vertical axis of the No. 1 gas cylinder 701. When the No. 1 piston rod 702 moves upward, the gas in the No. 1 gas cylinder 701 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 706; when the No. 1 piston rod 702 moves downward, the external gas enters the No. 1 gas cylinder 701 through the exhaust pipe 706; the auxiliary heating component includes a bracket 801 installed on the top cover 103, a heating cylinder 802 fixedly connected to the bracket 801, and a heating resistance wire 803 installed in the heating cylinder 802. The heating cylinder 802 is sleeved on the outside of the exhaust pipe 706, and the heating resistance wire 803 is externally connected to the mains power supply and heats the exhaust pipe 70 6 and the gas inside it. When the reset sensor 309 detects that the deformation of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1, it sends a signal to the control unit of the third motor 605. The third motor 605 is immediately started to control the flat gear 606 to rotate. The flat gear 606 transmits power to the third bevel gear 704 through the second bevel gear 607. (When the second bevel gear 607 rotates one circle, the third bevel gear 704 also rotates one circle, and the rocker arm 703 swings to push and pull the first piston rod 702 to perform a reciprocating motion in the first cylinder 701). When the third bevel gear 704 rotates, the rocker arm 703 swings on it and pushes the first piston rod 702 to perform a reciprocating motion in the first cylinder 701. The plug rod 702 is first pushed upward. When the No. 1 piston rod 702 moves upward, the gas in the No. 1 air cylinder 701 is pushed out, and the gas enters the heating cylinder 802 through the exhaust pipe 706, and is heated by the heating resistor 803 to form a hot air flow, and then passes through the return air chamber 205 and is discharged from the air hole 206 to the sample bin 201 to dry the soil sample. As the No. 3 bevel gear 704 continues to rotate, after the No. 1 piston rod 702 moves up to the highest point, the rocker arm 703 begins to pull the No. 1 piston rod 702 downward, and the outside air flows into the No. 1 air cylinder 701 through the air hole 206, and is heated by the heating resistor 803 again during the flow.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 and Figure 9-11In this embodiment, a lifting assembly is installed on the base 101, and a pick-up port is opened on the top cover 103. The lifting assembly is used to drive the sample bottle 604 corresponding to the pick-up port to rise. The lifting assembly includes a guide rail 901 installed on the base 101, a moving machine 902 sliding axially along the guide rail 901, an airbag 903 installed on the moving machine 902, and an inflation tube 904 fixedly connected to the airbag 903 at one end. When the pressure sensor 507 detects that the pressure value of the second spring 506 reaches the threshold value F3, the moving machine 902 moves along the guide rail 901 to one side of the edge of the inner ring body 601 until the airbag 903 is below the corresponding through port 603; an inflation assembly is installed on the blanking assembly, and the inflation assembly is used to input gas into the airbag 903. Or extract gas from the airbag 903, the inflation component includes a hanger 1001 fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample chamber 201, a No. 2 gas cylinder 1002 fixedly connected to the hanger 1001, a No. 2 piston rod 1003 movably connected in the No. 2 gas cylinder 1002, a support 1004 fixedly connected to the hanger 1001, a No. 4 bevel gear 1005 movably connected to the support 1004 and a directional rod 1006 fixedly connected to the sample chamber 201, the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 is meshed with the No. 1 bevel gear 404, and the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 is provided with a threaded hole, the No. 2 piston rod 1003 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, the No. 1 bevel gear 404 is used to drive the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 to rotate, and the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 is used to drive The No. 2 piston rod 1003 moves vertically along the threaded hole, and the other end of the inflation tube 904 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 air cylinder 1002. When the No. 2 piston rod 1003 moves downward, the air in the No. 2 air cylinder 1002 is input into the airbag 903 through the inflation tube 904; when the No. 2 piston rod 1003 moves upward, the air in the airbag 903 is input into the No. 2 air cylinder 1002 through the inflation tube 904. An alarm component is installed on the top cover 103, and the alarm component includes a sealing plate 1101 arranged on the picking port, a hinge 1102 movably connected between the top cover 103 and the sealing plate 1101, and an alarm 1103 installed on the hinge 1102. A torsion spring and a torque sensor are arranged in the hinge 1102. The torque sensor is used to detect the torque value of the torsion spring. 101 flips around the hinge 1102 as the axis. When the sealing plate 1101 flips upward and opens the pick-up port, the torque sensor detects that the torque value of the torsion spring reaches the threshold value F4, and the alarm 1103 starts the alarm. When the No. 2 motor 403 in the blanking assembly is running, the No. 1 bevel gear 404 rotates with the ball valve 402. Due to the meshing action with the No. 1 bevel gear 404, the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 rotates synchronously and drives the No. 2 piston rod 1003 to move up and down through thread transmission (the directional rod 1006 is used as the guide structure of the No. 2 piston rod 1003 to limit it from rotating with the No. 4 bevel gear 1005). When the ball valve 402 is opened, the No. 2 piston rod 1003 moves downward, squeezing the air in the No. 2 air cylinder 1002 out.The airbag 903 enters the airbag through the inflation tube 904, and expands upward (the airbag 903 can be designed to have a thinner top and thicker surrounding structure, so that it can expand and deform upward first). When the sample bottle 604 is in the process of filling, the pressure sensor 507 in the supporting assembly does not detect that the deformation of the No. 2 spring 506 has reached the threshold value F3. The moving machine 902 (which can use a linear motor or other linear drive device) is in the initial position, and the airbag 903 is below the radiation rod 503. When the airbag 903 at this position is inflated, it will expand and deform upward to squeeze the supporting radiation rod 503, thereby stabilizing it. When all the sample bottles 604 are filled, the pressure sensor 507 detects that the deformation of the No. 2 spring 506 has reached the threshold value F3 (the threshold value is determined based on the test, combined with the weight of the soil sample before filling, the minimum weight when the sample bottle 604 is fully filled with the dried soil sample, in addition to using gravity sensing. , the same torsion spring and torque sensor as in the alarm component can also be used to detect the rotation angle of the inner ring body 601 to determine whether all the sample bottles 604 have been filled), send a signal to the mobile machine 902, control the airbag 903 to move along the guide rail 901 to the bottom of the corresponding through-port 603, at this time, the airbag 903 will expand and deform upward when inflated to squeeze the sample bottle 604 above, and push it out from the picking port, and push the sealing plate 1101 open when it is pushed out, and the torsion spring in the hinge 1102 is deformed. After the torque sensor detects that the torsion spring torque reaches the threshold F4, it sends a signal to the alarm 1103 (an alarm device such as an alarm light or a buzzer can be used) to warn the user that the sample processing is complete, and the airbag 903 shrinks and the sample bottle 604 returns to the storage chamber 102 to shut down the device (or after the sample bottles 604 are pushed out one by one, use a plug to plug each sample bottle 604 in turn and store it again). ,

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 In this embodiment, the present invention provides a sample storage method for soil microorganism detection, using a sample storage device for soil microorganism detection as described above, comprising the following steps: S1: The user puts the weighed soil sample into the sample chamber 201 in the sample preparation component (the height of the soil sample does not exceed the height of the air hole 206), the weight of the sample chamber 201 increases, presses the No. 1 spring 204 to lengthen (at this time, the tension value of the No. 1 spring 204 does not reach the set threshold value F2), and the sample chamber 201 moves downward for a distance; S2: Then start the cylinder 304 and the No. 1 motor 306 in the crushing assembly, control the grinding head 307 to rotate and move downward, and at the same time, the reset spring 308 is compressed. When the grinding head 307 enters the sample chamber 201 and does not reach the air hole 206, the reset sensor 309 detects that the tension value of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold value F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor 605 in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor 605 starts to run and control the flat gear 606 to rotate. The flat gear 606 drives the inner ring body 601 to rotate, and the sample bottle 604 is transported in a circular direction. S3: At the same time, the second bevel gear 607 on the flat gear 606 transmits power to the third bevel gear 704. When the third bevel gear 704 rotates, it drives the rocker arm 703 to swing, and pushes and pulls the first piston rod 702. The first piston rod 702 moves upward first to squeeze out the gas in the first cylinder 701. The gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 706, and after being heated by the heating resistor 803 in the auxiliary heating component, it forms a hot air flow, and finally enters the return air chamber 205. It is discharged into the sample chamber 201 through the air hole 206 to air-dry the soil sample (the air flow will blow the broken soil particles to roll, ensuring the air drying of the upper and lower layers of soil). At this time, the third bevel gear 704 rotates half a circle by itself; S4: Then, the grinding head 307 rotates and moves downward continuously, and the inner ring body 601 continuously conveys the sample bottle 604 in a circular direction. When the grinding head 307 reaches below the air hole 206, the rocker arm 703 swings and pulls the No. 1 piston rod 702 to move downward, and the external air is sucked into the No. 1 air cylinder 701 through the air hole 206, the return air chamber 205 and the exhaust pipe 706 (because the air hole 206 is above the grinding head 307 and does not contact the soil sample, and soil particles will not enter); S5: The grinding head 307 acts on the soil sample while rotating and moving downward, crushing the soil sample and generating pressure on the sample chamber 201. The sample chamber 201 continues to move downward, and the No. 1 spring 204 is stretched (at this time, the tension value of the No. 1 spring 204 has not yet reached the set threshold value F2). When the sample chamber 201 continues to move downward until it is close to the top cover 103, the tension value of the No. 1 spring 204 reaches the set threshold value F2. At this time, the No. 3 bevel gear 704 rotates one circle, and one of the The sample bottle 604 enters below the blanking tube 401 in the blanking assembly, and the tension sensor 203 sends a signal to the control unit of the cylinder 304, the second motor 403 and the third motor 605, and the cylinder 304 and the third motor 605 are shut down, the inner ring body 601 stops rotating, and the cylinder 304 stops driving the grinding head 307 to move downward. At the same time, the second motor 403 starts to control the rotation of the ball valve 402, and the ball valve 402 connects the discharge port and the discharge tube, and the crushed soil sample is discharged from the discharge tube into the sample bottle 604 below; S6: When the ball valve 402 rotates, it drives the fourth bevel gear 1005 to rotate. The fourth bevel gear 1005 transmits power to the second piston rod 1003, controls it to move downward, discharges the gas in the second gas cylinder 1002, and enters the airbag 903 through the inflation tube 904. The airbag 903 expands and deforms upward (because the airbag 903 is not under the through port 603 at this time, it will not act on the sample bottle 604 to lift it up); S7: According to the preset time of the program (determined according to the test, the volume of the soil sample entering the sample bottle 604 meets the test requirements), the No. 2 motor 403 is started, and the ball valve 402 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction, and the ball valve 402 closes the discharge port and the discharge pipe. At the same time, the No. 4 bevel gear 1005 also rotates in the opposite direction, and the No. 2 piston rod 1003 moves upward, and the gas in the airbag 903 is sucked into the No. 2 gas cylinder 1002, and the airbag 903 shrinks; S8: According to the preset time of the program (the discharge time is determined according to the test, and the fixed discharge time is used as the intermittent time of the cyclic operation of the cylinder 304), the cylinder 304 drives the grinding head 307 to move upward, and at the same time, the sample chamber 201 moves upward for a distance due to the deformation recovery effect of the No. 1 spring 204. When the grinding head 307 returns to a position higher than the air hole 206, the reset sensor 309 detects again that the tension value of the reset spring 308 reaches the threshold F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor 605 in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor 605 starts to run and controls the flat gear 606 to rotate again. The flat gear 606 drives the inner ring body 601 to rotate, and another sample bottle 604 is transported to the bottom of the drop tube 401 in the circular direction. While transporting, the steps of S2-S7 are repeated; S9: When all the sample bottles 604 are loaded with samples, the shaft column 502 moves downward under the action of gravity from above, compressing the second spring 506 to reach the threshold value F3 (the weight range of the air-dried soil is determined according to the air-drying test of the corresponding weight soil sample), and the pressure sensor 507 sends a signal to the mobile machine 902 of the lifting assembly, and the mobile machine 902 slides along the guide rail 901, carrying the air bag 903 to the bottom of the corresponding opening 603, and the equipment is shut down, and all the sample bottles 604 are stored in the storage chamber 102; S10: After restarting the device, repeat the operation according to steps S2-S8. The airbag 903 is repeatedly inflated and expands, enters from the through port 603, and lifts up the sample bottles 604 passing above it in turn. The lifted sample bottles 604 are exposed from the picking port, and the sealing plate 1101 is pushed open. At the same time, the torsion spring in the hinge 1102 is deformed, and the torque sensor detects the torque signal and sends it to the alarm 1103. The alarm 1103 sounds an alarm prompt, and the user takes out the sample bottles 604 pushed out from the picking port in turn. When all the sample bottles 604 are taken out, the pressure value of the No. 2 spring 506 returns to zero, and the pressure sensor 507 sends a signal to the mobile machine 902 again. The mobile machine 902 returns to the initial position. After the soil detection is completed, the device is started, and the empty sample bottles 604 are put back in turn from the picking port.

Claims

1. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection, comprising a base (101), a storage chamber (102) mounted on the base (101), and a top cover (103) threadedly connected to the storage chamber (102); characterized in that: It also includes a sample preparation component movably connected to the top cover (103), a crushing component installed on the top cover (103), a material drop component installed on the material outlet of the sample preparation component, a support component installed on the base (101), a transmission component and an air drying component installed on the support component, the crushing component is installed with a grinding head (307), the transmission component is installed with a plurality of sample bottles (604), the transmission component is used to drive the sample bottles (604) to rotate with the vertical center line of the storage chamber (102) as the axis, and the crushing component is used to drive the grinding head (307) to rotate and move up and down in the vertical direction; When the pulverizing component drives the grinding head (307) to move down to a preset value K1, the transmission component drives one of the sample bottles (604) to rotate to below the blanking component, and the transmission component drives the air-drying component to discharge or inhale gas. The sample preparation component can move up and down in the vertical direction. When the sample preparation component moves down to a preset value K2, the blanking component is used to open or close the discharge port of the sample preparation component. The supporting component is used to detect the gravity value of the transmission component. An auxiliary heating component is installed on the top cover (103), and the auxiliary heating component is used to heat the gas discharged from the air-drying component.

2. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample preparation component comprises a sample bin (201) arranged on a top cover (103), a guide post (202) fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample bin (201), a tension sensor (203) installed on the top cover (103), a No. 1 spring (204) installed on the guide post (202), a return air chamber (205) fixed on the sample bin (201), and an air hole (206) opened on the inner wall of the sample bin (201), wherein the discharge port is arranged at the bottom end of the sample bin (201), a hole adapted to the guide post (202) is opened on the top cover (103), the guide post (202) is inserted into the hole, and the No. 1 spring (204) is installed on the guide post (202). 04) one end is connected to the guide column (202), and the other end is connected to the tension sensor (203), the tension sensor (203) is used to detect the tension value of the No. 1 spring (204), when the tension sensor (203) detects that the tension of the No. 1 spring (204) reaches the threshold value F2, the transmission component stops driving the sample bottle (604) to rotate, and the blanking component opens the discharge port, the air hole (206) is connected to the return air chamber (205), the air drying component is used to input gas into the return air chamber (205), or to extract the gas in the return air chamber (205), and the air hole (206) is used to discharge the gas in the return air chamber (205).

3. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulverizing assembly comprises a stand (301) fixedly connected to the top cover (103), a balance table (302) and an end table (303) fixedly connected to the stand (301), a cylinder (304) mounted on the end table (303), a middle column (305) mounted on the output end of the cylinder (304), a No. 1 motor (306) mounted in the middle column (305), a reset spring (308) mounted on the balance table (302), and a reset sensor (309) mounted on the middle column (305); a grinding head (307) mounted on the No. 1 motor (306) 06), the cylinder (304) is used to drive the middle column (305) to move up and down in the balance table (302), the first motor (306) is used to drive the grinding head (307) to rotate, one end of the reset spring (308) is connected to the balance table (302), and the other end is connected to the reset sensor (309), the reset sensor (309) is used to detect the tension value of the reset spring (308), when the reset sensor (309) detects that the tension of the reset spring (308) reaches the threshold value F1, the transmission assembly drives the sample bottle (604) to rotate.

4. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blanking assembly comprises a blanking tube (401) installed on a material outlet, a ball valve (402) movably connected in the blanking tube (401), a second motor (403) installed on the blanking tube (401), and a first bevel gear (404) installed on the ball valve (402). The ball valve (402) is installed on the output end of the second motor (403). When the tension sensor (203) detects that the tension of the first spring (204) reaches a threshold value F2, the second motor (403) drives the ball valve (402) to rotate, and connects the material outlet with the blanking tube (401).

5. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting assembly comprises a seat cover (501) installed on a base (101), a shaft column (502) movably connected to the seat cover (501), a radiation rod (503) fixedly connected to the shaft column (502), an outer ring body (504) and a tray (505) fixedly connected to the upper end of the radiation rod (503), a No. 2 spring (506) and a pressure sensor (507) installed in the seat cover (501), one end of the No. 2 spring (506) is connected to the shaft column (502), and the other end is connected to the pressure sensor (507), and the pressure sensor (507) is used to detect the pressure value of the No. 2 spring (506).

6. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises an inner ring body (601) movably connected to the outer ring body (504), a plurality of placement tubes (602) arranged around the inner ring body (601), a through opening (603) opened at the lower end of the placement tube (602), a No. 3 motor (605) installed on the tray (505), a flat gear (606) fixedly connected to the output end of the No. 3 motor (605), and a No. 2 bevel gear (607) installed on the flat gear (606); the sample bottle (604) is inserted into the corresponding placement tube (602); the inner ring body (601) is meshed with the flat gear (606); the No. 3 motor (605) is used to drive the flat gear (606) and the No. 2 bevel gear (607) to rotate; the flat gear (606) drives the inner ring body (601) to rotate through meshing transmission.

7. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air drying assembly comprises a fixing frame (705) fixedly connected to the outer ring body (504), a No. 1 air cylinder (701) fixedly connected to the fixing frame (705), a No. 1 piston rod (702) movably connected to the No. 1 air cylinder (701), a rocker arm (703) hinged to the No. 1 piston rod (702), a No. 3 bevel gear (704) movably connected to the fixing frame (705), and an exhaust pipe (706) fixedly connected to the No. 1 air cylinder (701), wherein the No. 3 bevel gear (704) is meshed with the No. 2 bevel gear (607). The rocker arm (703) is movably connected to an eccentric side of the second bevel gear (607), the third bevel gear (704) is used to drive the rocker arm (703) to swing, and the rocker arm (703) is used to drive the first piston rod (702) to move along the vertical axis of the first gas cylinder (701). When the first piston rod (702) moves upward, the gas in the first gas cylinder (701) is discharged through the exhaust pipe (706); when the first piston rod (702) moves downward, the external gas enters the first gas cylinder (701) through the exhaust pipe (706); The auxiliary heating component comprises a bracket (801) mounted on the top cover (103), a heating tube (802) fixedly connected to the bracket (801), and a heating resistance wire (803) mounted in the heating tube (802); the heating tube (802) is sleeved on the outside of the exhaust pipe (706); the heating resistance wire (803) is externally connected to the mains power supply and heats the exhaust pipe (706) and the gas inside the exhaust pipe (706).

8. The sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lifting assembly is installed on the base (101), and a pick-up port is provided on the top cover (103). The lifting assembly is used to drive the sample bottle (604) corresponding to the pick-up port to rise. The lifting assembly includes a guide rail (901) installed on the base (101), a moving machine (902) sliding axially along the guide rail (901), an air bag (903) installed on the moving machine (902), and an inflation tube (904) with one end fixedly connected to the air bag (903). When the pressure sensor (507) detects that the pressure value of the second spring (506) reaches a threshold value F3, the moving machine (902) moves along the guide rail (901) toward the edge of the inner ring body (601) until the air bag (903) is located below the corresponding through port (603); An inflation component is installed on the blanking component, and the inflation component is used to input gas into the air bag (903) or extract gas from the air bag (903). The inflation component includes a hanger (1001) fixedly connected to the lower end of the sample chamber (201), a No. 2 gas cylinder (1002) fixedly connected to the hanger (1001), a No. 2 piston rod (1003) movably connected to the No. 2 gas cylinder (1002), a support platform (1004) fixedly connected to the hanger (1001), a No. 4 bevel gear (1005) movably connected to the support platform (1004), and a directional rod (1006) fixedly connected to the sample chamber (201), and the No. 4 bevel gear (1005) is meshed with the No. 1 bevel gear (404). The fourth bevel gear (1005) is provided with a threaded hole, the second piston rod (1003) is threadedly connected in the threaded hole, the first bevel gear (404) is used to drive the fourth bevel gear (1005) to rotate, the fourth bevel gear (1005) is used to drive the second piston rod (1003) to move vertically along the threaded hole, the other end of the inflation tube (904) is fixedly connected to the second gas cylinder (1002), when the second piston rod (1003) moves downward, the air in the second gas cylinder (1002) is input into the air bag (903) through the inflation tube (904); when the second piston rod (1003) moves upward, the air in the air bag (903) is input into the second gas cylinder (1002) through the inflation tube (904).

9. A sample storage device for soil microorganism detection according to claim 8, characterized in that: An alarm component is installed on the top cover (103), and the alarm component includes a sealing plate (1101) arranged on the pick-up port, a hinge (1102) movably connected between the top cover (103) and the sealing plate (1101), and an alarm (1103) installed on the hinge (1102). A torsion spring and a torque sensor are arranged in the hinge (1102), and the torque sensor is used to detect the torque value of the torsion spring. The sealing plate (1101) flips with the hinge (1102) as the axis. When the sealing plate (1101) flips upward and opens the pick-up port, the torque sensor detects that the torque value of the torsion spring reaches a threshold value F4, and the alarm (1103) starts to alarm.

10. A sample storage method for soil microorganism detection, characterized in that: The sample storage device for soil microorganism detection as claimed in claim 9 comprises the following steps: S1: The user puts the weighed soil sample into the sample chamber (201) in the sample preparation component, the weight of the sample chamber (201) increases, presses the No. 1 spring (204) to lengthen, and the sample chamber (201) moves downward for a certain distance; S2: Then, the cylinder (304) and the No. 1 motor (306) in the pulverizing assembly are started, and the grinding head (307) is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the return spring (308) is compressed at the same time. When the grinding head (307) enters the sample chamber (201) and does not reach the air hole (206), the return sensor (309) detects that the tension value of the return spring (308) reaches the threshold value F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor (605) in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor (605) starts to run and controls the rotation of the flat gear (606). The flat gear (606) drives the inner ring body (601) to rotate, and the sample bottle (604) is transported in a circular direction. S3: At the same time, the second bevel gear (607) on the flat gear (606) transmits power to the third bevel gear (704). When the third bevel gear (704) rotates, it drives the rocker arm (703) to swing and pushes and pulls the first piston rod (702). The first piston rod (702) moves upward first to squeeze out the gas in the first cylinder (701). The gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe (706), and is heated by the heating resistor (803) in the auxiliary heating component to form a hot air flow. Finally, it enters the return air chamber (205) and is discharged into the sample chamber (201) through the air hole (206) to air-dry the soil sample. At this time, the third bevel gear (704) rotates half a circle. S4: Then, the grinding head (307) rotates and moves downward continuously, and the inner ring body (601) continuously conveys the sample bottle (604) in a circular direction. When the grinding head (307) reaches below the air hole (206), the rocker arm (703) swings and pulls the No. 1 piston rod (702) to move downward, and the external gas is sucked into the No. 1 gas cylinder (701) through the air hole (206), the return air chamber (205) and the exhaust pipe (706); S5: As the grinding head (307) rotates and moves downward continuously, it acts on the soil sample to crush it and also generates pressure on the sample chamber (201). The sample chamber (201) continues to move downward, and the No. 1 spring (204) stretches. When the sample chamber (201) continues to move downward until it is close to the top cover (103), the tension value of the No. 1 spring (204) reaches the set threshold value F2. At this time, the No. 3 bevel gear (704) rotates one circle, and one of the sample bottles (604) enters the blanking tube in the blanking assembly. (401), the tension sensor (203) sends a signal to the control unit of the cylinder (304), the second motor (403) and the third motor (605), the cylinder (304) and the third motor (605) are shut down, the inner ring (601) stops rotating, the cylinder (304) stops driving the grinding head (307) to move downward, and at the same time, the second motor (403) is started to control the ball valve (402) to rotate, the ball valve (402) connects the discharge port and the discharge pipe, and the crushed soil sample is discharged from the discharge pipe into the sample bottle (604) below; S6: When the ball valve (402) rotates, the fourth bevel gear (1005) is driven to rotate. The fourth bevel gear (1005) transmits power to the second piston rod (1003), controls the piston rod (1003) to move downward, discharges the gas in the second cylinder (1002), and enters the air bag (903) through the inflation tube (904), and the air bag (903) expands and deforms upward; S7: According to the time preset in the program, the No. 2 motor (403) is started, and the ball valve (402) is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, and the ball valve (402) closes the discharge port and the discharge pipe. At the same time, the No. 4 bevel gear (1005) also rotates in the reverse direction, and the No. 2 piston rod (1003) moves upward, and the gas in the airbag (903) is sucked into the No. 2 gas cylinder (1002), and the airbag (903) shrinks; S8: According to the preset time of the program, the cylinder (304) drives the grinding head (307) to move upward, and at the same time, the sample chamber (201) moves upward for a distance due to the deformation recovery effect of the No. 1 spring (204). When the grinding head (307) returns to a position higher than the air hole (206), the reset sensor (309) detects again that the tension value of the reset spring (308) reaches the threshold value F1, and sends a signal to the No. 3 motor (605) in the transmission assembly. The No. 3 motor (605) starts running and controls the flat gear (606) to rotate again. The flat gear (606) drives the inner ring body (601) to rotate, and another sample bottle (604) is transported in a circular direction to the bottom of the drop tube (401). While transporting, the operation is repeated according to the steps of S2-S7; S9: When all the sample bottles (604) are loaded with samples, the shaft column (502) moves downward due to the gravity from above, compressing the second spring (506) to reach the threshold value F3, and the pressure sensor (507) sends a signal to the moving machine (902) of the lifting assembly, and the moving machine (902) slides along the guide rail (901) and carries the airbag (903) to the bottom of the corresponding opening (603), and the equipment is shut down, and all the sample bottles (604) are stored in the storage chamber (102); S10: After restarting the device, the operation is repeated according to steps S2-S8. The airbag (903) is repeatedly inflated and expands, and enters from the through port (603), and the sample bottles (604) passing above it are pushed upward in sequence. The lifted sample bottles (604) are exposed from the pick-up port, and the sealing plate (1101) is pushed open. At the same time, the torsion spring in the hinge (1102) is deformed, and the torque sensor detects the torque signal and sends it to the alarm (1103). The alarm (1103) sounds an alarm prompt, and the user takes out the sample bottles (604) pushed out from the pick-up port in sequence. When all the sample bottles (604) are taken out, the pressure value of the second spring (506) returns to zero, and the pressure sensor (507) sends a signal to the mobile machine (902) again. The mobile machine (902) returns to the initial position. After the soil test is completed, the device is started, and the empty sample bottles (604) are put back in sequence from the pick-up port.

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