Protection tool for cladding processing of shafts with irregular through holes or blind holes
By designing a protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, the protection problem of irregular through holes or blind holes of shaft cladding is solved, and efficient protection of workpieces is achieved and improve processing quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411530098.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
AI Technical Summary
During the laser cladding process of shaft workpieces, existing tooling cannot effectively protect irregular through holes or blind holes, resulting in changes in hole shape, size and hole edge collapse.
A protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes is designed, including shielding covers and assembly blocks. The fast fixing of plugs and quick replacement of shielding covers are achieved through fixing and replacement components to ensure the shielding cover. There is a certain distance between the workpiece to avoid melting.
It effectively avoids the problem of the masking edge of the cover and the workpiece through holes or blind hole edges during laser cladding, improves the scope of application and replacement efficiency of the plug, and ensures the protection and processing quality of the workpiece.
Smart Images
Figure CN119392243A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a protective tooling for cladding processing of shafts with irregular through holes or blind holes. Background Art
[0002] Laser cladding, also known as laser melting or laser cladding, is a new surface modification technology. It forms a metallurgically bonded additive cladding layer on the surface of the base by adding cladding material to the surface of the substrate and using a high-energy-density laser beam to melt it together with a thin layer on the surface of the substrate.
[0003] Existing shaft workpieces usually have some irregular through holes or blind holes, and no through hole or blind hole masking tooling is used. The through holes or blind holes are easily damaged during the laser cladding process of shaft workpieces, such as changes in hole shape, size, and collapse of hole edges.
[0004] In order to solve the problem of irregular through holes or blind holes on the surface of shaft workpieces, it is necessary to design plugs of the same shape according to the irregular through holes or blind holes to cover the irregular through holes or blind holes during the laser cladding process. However, the shielding part of the existing plug fits the surface of the processed shaft, which will cause the shielding part of the plug to melt with the edge of the through hole or blind hole of the shaft workpiece. After the laser cladding is completed, the alloy powder and cover components melted on the inner wall surface of the through hole or blind hole of the workpiece are difficult to remove.
[0005] Based on this, a protective tooling is now provided for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, which can eliminate the drawbacks of the existing devices. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, so as to solve the shortcomings of the current products in the background technology.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] A protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, comprising a shielding cover and an assembly block, wherein a first fixing block is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the assembly block, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block, a second fixing block is fixedly connected to the peripheral side of the fixing rod, and a shielding cover is detachably provided on the upper surface of the assembly block;
[0009] The second fixing block is provided with a fixing assembly on the periphery thereof, for facilitating the fixing of the plug in the through hole of the shaft workpiece of different sizes;
[0010] A replacement component is arranged in the assembly block to facilitate the replacement of shielding covers of different shapes.
[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention further provides the following alternative technical solutions:
[0012] In an alternative solution: The fixing component includes a lifting cylinder and an abutting cylinder. The side wall of the fixing rod is slidably connected with the lifting cylinder. The lower surface of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with the abutting cylinder. Four circumferentially distributed rotating block grooves are provided on the periphery of the second fixing block. The inner side walls of the rotating block grooves are all connected with rotating shafts through bearings. The rotating shafts are fixedly connected with rotating blocks. One end of the rotating block away from the second fixing block is fixedly connected with a rubber block. The abutting cylinder abuts against the rotating block. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the periphery of the fixing rod. A first spring is fixedly connected between the lifting cylinder and the fixing ring.
[0013] In an alternative solution: The first fixing block is rotatably connected with two symmetrical pressing rods through pins. One end of the pressing rod away from the first fixing block is rotatably connected with a connecting rod through a pin. The connecting rod is rotatably connected with the periphery of the lifting cylinder through a pin. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft and the inner side wall of the rotating block groove.
[0014] In an alternative solution: Two symmetrical convex blocks are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the lifting cylinder. Two symmetrical convex block grooves are provided on the periphery of the fixing rod. The convex blocks are slidably connected with the inner side walls of the convex block grooves.
[0015] In an alternative solution: The replacement component includes a pressing block and a clamping block. The assembly block is slidably connected with two symmetrical pressing blocks through it. Two symmetrical inserting blocks are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the assembly block. A clamping block groove is jointly opened in the assembly block and the inserting block. The inner side wall of the clamping block groove is slidably connected with a clamping block. The clamping block is in an inverted "U" shape. The clamping block is fixedly connected with the pressing block. A second spring is fixedly connected between the clamping block and the inner side wall of the clamping block groove. Two symmetrical inserting block grooves are provided on the lower surface of the shielding cover. The inserting blocks are slidably connected with the inner side walls of the inserting block grooves. A clamping groove is opened on the inner side wall of the inserting block groove. The clamping block is clamped with the clamping groove.
[0016] In an alternative solution: A pressing pad is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pressing rod.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0018] 1. By having a certain distance between the shielding cover and the shaft workpiece, the present invention can prevent the edges of the shielding cover and the through hole or blind hole of the workpiece from melting together at high temperature during the laser cladding process.
[0019] 2. Through the fixing component, the present invention can more conveniently and quickly fix the plug in the through holes of shaft workpieces of different sizes, improve the applicable range of the plug, and also make it more convenient to take out the plug.
[0020] 3. The present invention can replace shielding covers of different shapes more quickly and conveniently by replacing components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a first viewing angle diagram of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of disassembling the shielding cover of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.
[0027] Notes on figure numbers: 1 shielding cover, 2 assembly block, 3 first fixed block, 4 extrusion rod, 5 connecting rod, 6 pressing pad, 7 fixing ring, 8 lifting cylinder, 9 rotating block, 10 rubber block, 11 second fixed block, 12 first spring, 13 pressing block, 14 abutting cylinder, 15 fixing rod, 16 insert block, 17 clamping block, 18 insert block groove, 19 second spring, 20 coil spring, 21 rotating shaft, 22 protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0029] In one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes comprises a shielding cover 1 and an assembly block 2, a first fixing block 3 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the assembly block 2, a fixing rod 15 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block 3, a second fixing block 11 is fixedly connected to the peripheral side of the fixing rod 15, and a shielding cover 1 is detachably provided on the upper surface of the assembly block 2;
[0030] The second fixing block 11 is provided with fixing components on its periphery, which are used to facilitate the fixing of the plug in the through holes of shaft workpieces of different sizes;
[0031] A replacement component is provided in the assembly block 2 for facilitating replacement of the shielding cover 1 with different shapes.
[0032] A certain distance is provided between the shielding cover 1 and the shaft workpiece to prevent the edge of the shielding cover 1 from melting together with the edge of the through hole or blind hole of the workpiece at high temperature during the laser cladding process.
[0033] In one embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixed assembly includes a lifting cylinder 8 and an abutment cylinder 14, the lifting cylinder 8 is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed rod 15, the abutment cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lifting cylinder 8, four circumferentially distributed rotating block grooves are opened on the circumference of the second fixed block 11, the inner side walls of the rotating block grooves are connected to the rotating shaft 21 through bearings, the rotating shaft 21 passes through and is fixedly connected to the rotating block 9, the end of the rotating block 9 away from the second fixed block 11 is fixedly connected to the rubber block 10, the abutment cylinder 14 abuts against the rotating block 9, the fixing ring 7 is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixed rod 15, and the first spring 12 is fixedly connected between the lifting cylinder 8 and the fixing ring 7.
[0034] The lifting cylinder 8 is pushed downward by the elastic force of the first spring 12, and abuts against the four rotating blocks 9, so that the four rotating blocks 9 rotate outward, and the rubber block 10 abuts against the inner wall of the through hole, thereby quickly fixing the plug.
[0035] In one embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first fixed block 3 is rotatably connected to two symmetrical extrusion rods 4 via a pin, the end of the extrusion rod 4 away from the first fixed block 3 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 5 via a pin, the connecting rod 5 is rotatably connected to the side of the lifting cylinder 8 via a pin, and a coil spring 20 is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft 21 and the inner wall of the rotating block groove.
[0036] Two fingers press the squeezing rod 4, the squeezing rod 4 rotates, the squeezing rod 4 drives the connecting rod 5 to rotate, the connecting rod 5 drives the lifting cylinder 8 to move during the rotation, so that the lifting cylinder 8 moves upward, the lifting cylinder 8 drives the abutting cylinder 14 to move upward, the first spring 12 is compressed, and the four rotating blocks 9 gather toward the middle under the action of the coil spring 20.
[0037] In one embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, two symmetrical protrusions 22 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 8, and two symmetrical protrusion grooves are opened on the peripheral side of the fixing rod 15, and the protrusions 22 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the protrusion groove.
[0038] The protrusion 22 cooperates with the protrusion groove to guide the sliding of the lifting cylinder 8.
[0039] In one embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the replacement component includes a pressing block 13 and a clamping block 17. Two symmetric pressing blocks 13 are slidably connected through the assembly block 2. Two symmetric inserting blocks 16 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the assembly block 2. A clamping block groove is jointly opened in the assembly block 2 and the inserting blocks 16. The inner side wall of the clamping block groove is slidably connected with a clamping block 17. The clamping block 17 is in an "n" shape. The clamping block 17 is fixedly connected to the pressing block 13. A second spring 19 is fixedly connected between the inner side wall of the clamping block 17 and the clamping block groove. Two symmetric inserting block grooves 18 are opened on the lower surface of the shielding cover 1. The inserting blocks 16 are slidably connected with the inner side wall of the inserting block grooves 18. A clamping groove is opened on the inner side wall of the inserting block grooves 18. The clamping block 17 is clamped with the clamping groove.
[0040] Press two pressing blocks 13 simultaneously with two fingers. At this time, the pressing block 13 squeezes the clamping block 17, and the clamping block 17 enters the clamping block groove. Then insert the two inserting block grooves 18 of the shielding cover 1 on the two inserting blocks 16 of the assembly block 2. After releasing the two fingers, the clamping block 17 resets under the elastic force of the second spring 19, and the clamping block 17 is clamped with the clamping groove of the inserting block groove 18, quickly completing the installation of the shielding cover 1. When it is necessary to replace the shielding cover 1 with different shapes according to different irregular through holes, the replacement of the shielding cover 1 can be quickly completed.
[0041] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a pressing pad 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extrusion rod 4. The pressing pad 6 makes it more comfortable when pressing with fingers.
[0042] The above embodiment discloses a protection tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, and its specific working principle and process are as follows:
[0043] S1: First, manufacture a shielding cover 1 similar to the shape of the irregular through hole or blind hole of the shaft part;
[0044] S2: Press two pressing blocks 13 simultaneously with two fingers. At this time, the pressing block 13 squeezes the clamping block 17, and the clamping block 17 enters the clamping block groove. Then insert the two inserting block grooves 18 of the shielding cover 1 on the two inserting blocks 16 of the assembly block 2. After releasing the two fingers, the clamping block 17 resets under the elastic force of the second spring 19, and the clamping block 17 is clamped with the clamping groove of the inserting block groove 18, quickly completing the installation of the shielding cover 1. When it is necessary to replace the shielding cover 1 with different shapes according to different irregular through holes, the replacement of the shielding cover 1 can be quickly completed;
[0045] S3: Press the extrusion rod 4 with two fingers, the extrusion rod 4 rotates, the extrusion rod 4 drives the connecting rod 5 to rotate, and the lifting cylinder 8 is displaced during the rotation of the connecting rod 5, so that the lifting cylinder 8 moves upward, and the lifting cylinder 8 drives the abutment cylinder 14 to move upward, and the first spring 12 is compressed. At this time, the four rotating blocks 9 gather toward the middle under the action of the coil spring 20, and the plug is inserted into the through hole of the workpiece, so that there is a certain distance between the shielding cover 1 and the shaft workpiece to avoid the edge of the shielding cover 1 and the edge of the workpiece through hole or blind hole melting together at high temperature during the laser cladding process. The elasticity of the first spring 12 is greater than the elasticity of the coil spring 20. After releasing the two fingers, the first spring 12 is released. At this time, the lifting cylinder 8 is pushed downward by the elastic force of the first spring 12, and the lifting cylinder 8 abuts against the four rotating blocks 9, so that the four rotating blocks 9 rotate outward, so that the rubber block 10 abuts against the inner wall of the through hole, and the plug is quickly fixed. It is also more convenient and quick to remove the plug. Only two fingers are needed to press the two extrusion rods 4 to remove the plug.
[0046] It should be noted that the rubber block 10 is made of silicone rubber, which is resistant to high temperatures, and the tooling as a whole is made of cast iron.
[0047] The tool can freely control the depth in irregular holes and can be applied to holes or blind holes of different sizes.
[0048] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A protective tool for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes, characterized in that: It includes a shielding cover (1) and an assembly block (2). A first fixing block (3) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the assembly block (2). A fixing rod (15) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block (3). A second fixing block (11) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the fixing rod (15). The shielding cover (1) is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the assembly block (2). A fixing component is arranged on the periphery of the second fixing block (11) for conveniently fixing the plug in the through holes of shaft workpieces of different sizes. A replacement component is arranged inside the assembly block (2) for conveniently replacing shielding covers (1) of different shapes.
2. The protective tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing component includes a lifting cylinder (8) and an abutting cylinder (14). The side wall of the fixing rod (15) is slidably connected with the lifting cylinder (8). The lower surface of the lifting cylinder (8) is fixedly connected with the abutting cylinder (14). Four circumferentially distributed rotating block grooves are formed in the periphery of the second fixing block (11). The inner side walls of the rotating block grooves are all connected with a rotating shaft (21) through bearings. The rotating shaft (21) is fixedly connected with a rotating block (9) in a penetrating manner. A rubber block (10) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating block (9) away from the second fixing block (11). The abutting cylinder (14) abuts against the rotating block (9). A fixing ring (7) is fixedly connected to the periphery of the fixing rod (15). A first spring (12) is fixedly connected between the lifting cylinder (8) and the fixing ring (7).
3. The protective tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Two symmetric extrusion rods (4) are rotatably connected to the first fixing block (3) through pin shafts. One end of the extrusion rod (4) away from the first fixing block (3) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (5) through a pin shaft. The connecting rod (5) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the lifting cylinder (8) through a pin shaft. A torsion spring (20) is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft (21) and the inner side wall of the rotating block groove.
4. The protective tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Two symmetric convex blocks (22) are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the lifting cylinder (8). Two symmetric convex block grooves are formed in the periphery of the fixing rod (15). The convex blocks (22) are slidably connected with the inner side walls of the convex block grooves.
5. The protective tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement component includes a pressing block (13) and a clamping block (17). Two symmetric pressing blocks (13) penetrate and are slidably connected to the assembly block (2). Two symmetric inserting blocks (16) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the assembly block (2). A clamping block groove is jointly formed in the assembly block (2) and the inserting block (16). The inner side wall of the clamping block groove is slidably connected with a clamping block (17). The clamping block (17) is in an "n" shape. The clamping block (17) is fixedly connected to the pressing block (13). A second spring (19) is fixedly connected between the clamping block (17) and the inner side wall of the clamping block groove. Two symmetric inserting block grooves (18) are formed in the lower surface of the shielding cover (1). The inserting blocks (16) are slidably connected with the inner side walls of the inserting block grooves (18). A clamping groove is formed in the inner side wall of the inserting block groove (18). The clamping block (17) is clamped with the clamping groove.
6. The protective tooling for shaft cladding processing with irregular through holes or blind holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressing pad (6) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the extrusion rod (4).