A high safety reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-safety reducer, which relates to the technical field of reducers, and comprises a reduction gear box, an input shaft, an output shaft and a braking mechanism. The braking mechanism comprises a brake seat, a brake cava, a damping component and a driving mechanism. The damping component comprises a sliding block, a sliding rod, a fixed frame, a mobile frame, an L-shaped bracket, a brake wheel and a damping wheel mechanism. The damping wheel mechanism and the damping component can generate a resistance in the opposite direction of rotation of the output shaft before complete braking, so that the rotation speed of the output shaft is reduced, and the output shaft itself will not be worn during this process, that is, the effect of first deceleration and then braking is achieved during the braking process. Compared with direct braking, the wear of the brake cava and the output shaft is effectively reduced, and the braking time is reduced, so that the service life of the brake cava and the output shaft is longer, and during the braking process, the brake wheel and the brake cava can be used to perform double braking on the output shaft, so that the braking effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reducers, in particular to a high-safety reducer. Background Art

[0002] A reducer is an independent component consisting of a gear drive, worm drive, or gear-worm drive enclosed in a rigid housing. It is often used as a reduction transmission device between a prime mover (such as an electric motor, internal combustion engine, etc.) and a working machine. Its main function is to reduce speed and increase torque while reducing the inertia of the load.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN117927613A discloses a reducer with an anti-reverse braking mechanism. It proposes that traditional reducers usually use friction braking during braking, but friction braking has a limited service life and causes greater wear on the brake disc, and cannot guarantee the braking time. The poor braking effect leads to low safety. For this, a swing rod and an arc plate are arranged, so that when the two chucks approach each other, the two swing rods are squeezed and swung, and the arc plate hinged by the two swing rods moves toward the axial position of the chucks, and the arc plate fits against the outer wall of the output shaft, thereby increasing the braking area of ​​the two arc plates on the basis of the two brake discs clamping the output shaft for braking, thereby improving the braking effect on the output shaft.

[0004] Although the technical solution adopted by the above patent improves the braking ability compared with the traditional braking mechanism, the main braking method is still achieved through friction braking. It only adds a rubber belt to improve the braking effect, and the friction position of the rubber belt can be changed. Although it can reduce the braking time during long-term braking, it cannot reduce the wear on the chuck.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-safety reducer to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-safety reducer, comprising a reduction box, an input shaft, an output shaft and a brake mechanism, wherein the input shaft and the output shaft are rotatably arranged on the reduction box, and the brake mechanism is fixedly arranged on the reduction box and can brake the output shaft;

[0007] The brake mechanism comprises a brake seat, a brake slip, a damping assembly and a driving mechanism, wherein the brake seat is fixedly arranged on the reduction housing, two brake slips and two damping assemblies are arranged in a circular sliding manner in the brake seat, and the driving mechanism is rotatably arranged in the brake seat and can drive the brake slips and the damping assembly to slide;

[0008] The damping assembly includes a sliding block, a sliding rod, a fixed frame, a mobile frame, an L-shaped bracket, a brake wheel and a damping wheel mechanism, wherein the sliding block is slidably arranged on the brake seat, two sliding rods are slidably arranged on the brake seat, a fixed frame is fixedly arranged on the output end of the sliding rod, and mobile frames are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the fixed frame, four L-shaped brackets are symmetrically slidably arranged on the sliding block, and a rotating shaft 1 is fixedly arranged between two of the L-shaped brackets on the same side of the sliding block, a brake wheel is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 1, and a damping wheel mechanism is arranged between the two fixed frames and the two mobile frames.

[0009] Preferably, the damping wheel mechanism includes a second rotating shaft, a bearing and a resistance wheel, wherein the second rotating shaft is fixedly disposed between the two fixed frames or between the two movable frames, the resistance wheel is rotatably disposed on the second rotating shaft through a plurality of the bearings, and the two brake wheels are respectively tangent to the two adjacent resistance wheels.

[0010] Preferably, two resistance columns are fixedly provided on the rotating shaft 2, a plurality of resistance blocks are rotatably provided on the resistance column in the axial and radial directions, and eight resistance blocks arranged radially are evenly arranged in a circle, a spring 1 is fixedly provided between the resistance blocks and the resistance column, four guide bars are fixedly provided in a circle on the inner side of the resistance wheel, the resistance wheel rotates along the resistance column and the guide bars are tightly attached to the resistance column.

[0011] Preferably, the resistance block is triangular in shape, the two outer side surfaces of the resistance block are arc-shaped, and the arc radius of an arc surface always located on the outer side is the same as the radius of the resistance column, and an arc-shaped rotating block is fixedly arranged on the resistance block, and the arc-shaped rotating block has the same shape as the arc-shaped rotating groove and the centers of the two coincide;

[0012] The resistance column is provided with an arc-shaped rotation groove, and the arc-shaped rotation block rotates along the arc-shaped rotation groove.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed frame and the movable frame are both arc-shaped frames, and the arc radii of the two are the same, the fixed frame is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 1, an arc-shaped clamping block 1 is fixedly arranged in the arc-shaped slide groove 1, the movable frame is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 2, an arc-shaped clamping block 2 is fixedly arranged in the arc-shaped slide groove 2, the arc-shaped clamping block 1 slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 2, and a spring 2 is arranged between the arc-shaped clamping block 1 and the arc-shaped clamping block 2;

[0014] The arc radius of the arc section formed by the three resistance wheels arranged on the fixed frame and the movable frame is the same as the radius of the output shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a limit block is fixedly arranged on the sliding rod, a limit slot is provided on the sliding block, the limit block slides along the limit slot, and a spring three is arranged between the limit block and the sliding block.

[0016] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises two driving discs arranged vertically and in parallel and an arc-shaped plate fixedly connecting the two driving discs, and an annular hydraulic rod is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped plate;

[0017] The brake seat is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove three, one side of the arc-shaped slide groove three is provided with an annular hydraulic cavity, the arc-shaped plate rotates along the arc-shaped slide groove three, and the annular hydraulic rod rotates along the annular hydraulic cavity in a sealed manner.

[0018] Preferably, four driving grooves are circumferentially formed on the driving disk, and driving rods are fixedly provided on the brake slips and the sliding block, and the driving rods slide along the driving grooves.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-safety reducer with the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a braking mechanism, in which a damping assembly and a damping wheel mechanism are provided. During the braking process, the damping wheel mechanism and the damping assembly can generate a resistance in the opposite direction of rotation of the output shaft before complete braking, so that the rotation speed of the output shaft is reduced, and the output shaft itself will not be worn during this process, that is, the effect of deceleration before braking is achieved during the braking process. Compared with direct braking, the wear of the brake cava and the output shaft is effectively reduced, and the braking time is reduced, so that the service life of the brake cava and the output shaft is longer. During the braking process, the brake wheel and the brake cava can be used to perform double braking on the output shaft, so that the braking effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the braking mechanism in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the damping component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed frame and the movable frame in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the damping wheel mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the resistance column in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the rotation of the resistance block in the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1, reduction box; 2, input shaft; 3, output shaft; 4, brake mechanism; 41, brake seat; 411, arc-shaped slide groove three; 412, annular hydraulic chamber; 42, brake slip; 43, damping assembly; 431, sliding block; 432, sliding rod; 433, fixed frame; 4331, arc-shaped block one; 434, moving frame; 4341, arc-shaped block two; 435, L-shaped bracket; 436, brake wheel; 43 7. Rotating shaft one; 438. Limit block; 439. Limit groove; 44. Driving mechanism; 441. Driving plate; 442. Arc plate; 443. Annular hydraulic rod; 444. Driving groove; 45. Damping wheel mechanism; 451. Rotating shaft two; 452. Bearing; 453. Resistance wheel; 454. Resistance column; 455. Resistance block; 456. Spring one; 457. Guide bar; 458. Arc rotating block; 459. Arc rotating groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 9 In an embodiment of the present invention, a high-safety reducer comprises a reduction box body 1, an input shaft 2, an output shaft 3 and a brake mechanism 4, wherein the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are rotatably arranged on the reduction box body 1, and the brake mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged on the reduction box body 1 and can brake the output shaft 3;

[0032] The brake mechanism 4 comprises a brake seat 41, a brake slip 42, a damping assembly 43 and a driving mechanism 44, wherein the brake seat 41 is fixedly arranged on the reduction housing 1, two brake slips 42 and two damping assemblies 43 are arranged in a circular sliding manner in the brake seat 41, and the driving mechanism 44 is rotatably arranged in the brake seat 41 and can drive the brake slips 42 and the damping assemblies 43 to slide;

[0033] The damping assembly 43 includes a sliding block 431, a sliding rod 432, a fixed frame 433, a mobile frame 434, an L-shaped bracket 435, a brake wheel 436 and a damping wheel mechanism 45, wherein the sliding block 431 is slidably arranged on the brake seat 41, two sliding rods 432 are slidably arranged on the brake seat 41, a fixed frame 433 is fixedly arranged on the output end of the sliding rod 432, and mobile frames 434 are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the fixed frame 433, four L-shaped brackets 435 are symmetrically slidably arranged on the sliding block 431, and a rotating shaft 1 437 is fixedly arranged between two L-shaped brackets 435 on the same side of the sliding block 431, a brake wheel 436 is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 1 437, and a damping wheel mechanism 45 is arranged between the two fixed frames 433 and the two mobile frames 434;

[0034] The damping wheel mechanism 45 includes a second rotating shaft 451, a bearing 452 and a resistance wheel 453, wherein the second rotating shaft 451 is fixedly arranged between the two fixed frames 433 or between the two movable frames 434, the resistance wheel 453 is rotatably arranged on the second rotating shaft 451 through a plurality of the bearings 452, and the two brake wheels 436 are tangent to two adjacent resistance wheels 453 respectively;

[0035] In addition, the resistance wheel 453 and the brake wheel 436 are both made of rubber material with greater friction, which ensures that the resistance wheel 453 can rotate under the action of the output shaft 3 when it contacts the output shaft 3, and exerts resistance in the opposite direction on the output shaft 3;

[0036] Two resistance columns 454 are fixedly provided on the rotating shaft 451, and a plurality of resistance blocks 455 are rotatably provided on the resistance column 454 in the axial and radial directions. There are eight resistance blocks 455 arranged radially and evenly arranged in a circle. A spring 456 is fixedly provided between the resistance block 455 and the resistance column 454, and four guide bars 457 are fixedly provided in a circle on the inner side of the resistance wheel 453. The resistance wheel 453 rotates along the resistance column 454, and the guide bars 457 are tightly attached to the resistance column 454.

[0037] During implementation, when the output shaft 3 needs to be braked, the driving mechanism 44 is used to drive the brake cava 42 and the damping assembly 43 to slide along the brake seat 41. During this process, the sliding block 431 drives the sliding rod 432 and the L-shaped bracket 435 to slide in the direction of the output shaft 3, and the damping wheel mechanism 45 provided on the fixed frame 433 and the movable frame 434 will preferentially contact the output shaft 3, and under the action of the output shaft 3, the resistance wheel 453 will rotate along the rotating shaft 2 451. During this process, the guide bar 457 will squeeze the multiple resistance blocks 455 to deflect, and The resistance wheel 453 can only rotate when it squeezes the resistance block 455 and deflects it into the resistance column 454, so that the resistance wheel 453 has resistance when rotating, thereby slowing down the output shaft 3, and then continues to drive the sliding block 431 to slide toward the output shaft 3, so that the L-shaped bracket 435 drives the brake wheel 436 to slide downward, and during the sliding process, the L-shaped bracket 435 itself will also slide along the sliding block 431, so that the brake wheel 436 rotates in the opposite direction under the action of the two adjacent resistance wheels 453 and always fits with the two adjacent resistance wheels 453, and as As the brake wheel 436 slides downward, the brake wheel 436 squeezes the two resistance wheels 453, causing the mobile frame 434 to slide along the fixed frame 433, that is, the two resistance wheels 453 separate, causing the brake wheel 436 to gradually approach the output shaft 3. When the brake wheel 436 contacts the output shaft 3, the two brake slips 42 contact the output shaft 3 at the same time. At this time, the rotation direction of the brake wheel 436 is the same as that of the output shaft 3, and the rotation direction of the resistance wheel 453 is opposite to that of the output shaft 3, and the three The two are fitted together, resulting in a rotational conflict, producing a braking effect, and then the output shaft 3 is braked under the joint action of the brake cava 42, that is, the effect of deceleration before braking is achieved, which effectively reduces the braking time and reduces the wear of the output shaft 3 and the brake cava 42 during braking, effectively extending the service life of both. When the output shaft 3 is decelerated, the friction force generated does not act on the output shaft 3, but is transferred to between the resistance wheel 453 and the resistance column 454 through the damping wheel mechanism 45, thereby further reducing the friction force on the output shaft 3 and extending the service life of the output shaft 3.

[0038] In this embodiment, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The resistance block 455 is triangular in shape, and the two outer side surfaces of the resistance block 455 are arc-shaped, and the arc radius of the arc surface always located on the outer side is the same as the radius of the resistance column 454. The resistance block 455 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped rotating block 458, and the arc-shaped rotating block 458 is the same in shape as the arc-shaped rotating groove 459, and the centers of the two coincide with each other;

[0039] The resistance column 454 is provided with an arc-shaped rotation groove 459 , and the arc-shaped rotation block 458 rotates along the arc-shaped rotation groove 459 .

[0040] In particular, the arc-shaped rotating block 458 and the arc-shaped rotating groove 459 have the same shape and the centers of the two coincide, so that the arc-shaped rotating block 458 always coincides with the arc-shaped rotating groove 459 during rotation, that is, one side of the resistance block 455 always coincides with the resistance column 454 during rotation, and the arc radius of the arc-shaped surface of the resistance block 455 that is always located on the outside is the same as the radius of the resistance column 454, so that when the resistance block 455 is completely rotated into the resistance column 454, its outer surface can completely fit the resistance column 454, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the resistance block 455, reducing the wear on the guide bar 457, and extending the service life of the damping wheel mechanism 45.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 5 The fixed frame 433 and the movable frame 434 are both arc frames, and the arc radius of the two is the same. The fixed frame 433 is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 1, in which an arc-shaped block 1 4331 is fixedly arranged. The movable frame 434 is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 2, in which an arc-shaped block 2 4341 is fixedly arranged. The arc-shaped block 1 4331 slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 2, and the arc-shaped block 2 4341 slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 1, and a spring 2 is arranged between the arc-shaped block 1 4331 and the arc-shaped block 2 4341;

[0042] The arc radius of the arc section formed by the three resistance wheels 453 arranged on the fixed frame 433 and the movable frame 434 is the same as the radius of the output shaft 3 .

[0043] That is to say, when the movable frame 434 slides along the fixed frame 433, the three resistance wheels 453 are always in contact with the output shaft 3, and under the action of spring 2, there is a gathering force between two adjacent resistance wheels 453, that is, they are always in contact with the brake wheel 436, ensuring that the brake wheel 436 forms a rotational conflict with the resistance wheel 453 when it is in contact with the output shaft 3, thereby generating a braking force, and cooperating with the brake cava 42 to achieve double braking of the output shaft 3.

[0044] In this embodiment, Figure 4 A limit block 438 is fixedly provided on the sliding rod 432 , a limit slot 439 is provided on the sliding block 431 , the limit block 438 slides along the limit slot 439 , and a spring three is provided between the limit block 438 and the sliding block 431 .

[0045] During implementation, when the resistance wheel 453 contacts the output shaft 3 first, the sliding block 431 can continue to drive the L-shaped bracket 435 downward to drive the brake wheel 436 to slide downward. At this time, the resistance wheel 453 can always fit on the output shaft 3 to slow down the output shaft 3 under the action of spring three, and after braking, the sliding block 431 can drive the sliding rod 432 to slide upward under the action of the limiting groove 439, so that the resistance wheel 453 is separated from the output shaft 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The driving mechanism 44 includes two driving disks 441 arranged vertically and in parallel and an arc-shaped plate 442 that fixedly connects the two driving disks 441, and an annular hydraulic rod 443 is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped plate 442;

[0047] The brake seat 41 is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 3 411, and an annular hydraulic chamber 412 is provided on one side of the arc-shaped slide groove 3 411. The arc-shaped plate 442 rotates along the arc-shaped slide groove 3 411, and the annular hydraulic rod 443 rotates along the annular hydraulic chamber 412 in a sealed manner.

[0048] The driving disc 441 is provided with four driving grooves 444 in a circumferential shape. The brake slips 42 and the sliding block 431 are both fixedly provided with driving rods, which slide along the driving grooves 444 .

[0049] During implementation, the rotation of the driving disk 441 can enable the two brake cavas 42 and the two damping assemblies 43 to slide synchronously toward the output shaft 3, thereby enabling the brake cavas 42 to be synchronously fitted on the output shaft 3 with the brake wheel 436, thereby achieving a double braking effect. Through the arrangement of the annular hydraulic chamber 412 and the annular hydraulic rod 443, the rotation of the driving disk 441 is driven by hydraulic pressure, thereby making the driving effect more stable.

[0050] To sum up, when the present invention is implemented, the damping wheel mechanism 45 and the damping assembly 43 can generate resistance in the opposite direction of rotation of the output shaft 3 before complete braking, so that the rotation speed of the output shaft 3 is reduced, and the output shaft 3 itself will not be worn during this process, that is, the effect of deceleration before braking is achieved during the braking process. Compared with direct braking, the wear of the brake cava 42 and the output shaft 3 is effectively reduced, and the braking time is reduced, so that the service life of the brake cava 42 and the output shaft 3 is longer, and during the braking process, the brake wheel 436 and the brake cava 42 can be used to perform double braking on the output shaft 3, so that the braking effect is better.

[0051] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-safety reducer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reduction gearbox (1), an input shaft (2), an output shaft (3) and a brake mechanism (4), wherein the input shaft (2) and the output shaft (3) are rotatably arranged on the reduction gearbox (1), and the brake mechanism (4) is fixedly arranged on the reduction gearbox (1) and can brake the output shaft (3); The brake mechanism (4) comprises a brake seat (41), a brake slip (42), a damping assembly (43) and a driving mechanism (44), wherein the brake seat (41) is fixedly arranged on the reduction box (1), two brake slips (42) and two damping assemblies (43) are arranged in a circular sliding manner in the brake seat (41), and the driving mechanism (44) is rotatably arranged in the brake seat (41) and can drive the brake slips (42) and the damping assembly (43) to slide; The damping assembly (43) comprises a sliding block (431), a sliding rod (432), a fixed frame (433), a movable frame (434), an L-shaped bracket (435), a brake wheel (436) and a damping wheel mechanism (45), wherein the sliding block (431) is slidably arranged on the brake seat (41), two sliding rods (432) are slidably arranged on the brake seat (41), a fixed frame (433) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the sliding rod (432), and movable frames (434) are symmetrically slidably arranged on both sides of the fixed frame (433), four L-shaped brackets (435) are symmetrically slidably arranged on the sliding block (431), a rotating shaft (437) is fixedly arranged between two L-shaped brackets (435) on the same side of the sliding block (431), a brake wheel (436) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (437), and a damping wheel mechanism (45) is arranged between the two fixed frames (433) and the two movable frames (434); The damping wheel mechanism (45) comprises a second rotating shaft (451), a bearing (452) and a resistance wheel (453), wherein the second rotating shaft (451) is fixedly arranged between two fixed frames (433) or between two movable frames (434), the resistance wheel (453) is rotatably arranged on the second rotating shaft (451) via a plurality of bearings (452), and the two brake wheels (436) are respectively tangent to two adjacent resistance wheels (453); Two resistance columns (454) are fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft (451), and a plurality of resistance blocks (455) are rotatably arranged in the axial and radial directions on the resistance column (454), and eight resistance blocks (455) are evenly arranged in a circle along the radial direction, and a spring (456) is fixedly arranged between the resistance block (455) and the resistance column (454), and four guide bars (457) are fixedly arranged in a circle on the inner side of the resistance wheel (453), and the resistance wheel (453) rotates along the resistance column (454), and the guide bars (457) are tightly attached to the resistance column (454).

2. A high-safety reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance block (455) is triangular in shape, and both outer side surfaces of the resistance block (455) are arc-shaped, and the arc radius of an arc surface always located on the outer side is the same as the radius of the resistance column (454). An arc-shaped rotating block (458) is fixedly arranged on the resistance block (455), and an arc-shaped rotating groove (459) is opened on the resistance column (454), and the arc-shaped rotating block (458) rotates along the arc-shaped rotating groove (459); The arc-shaped rotating block (458) and the arc-shaped rotating groove (459) have the same shape and their centers coincide with each other.

3. A high-safety reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (433) and the movable frame (434) are both arc frames, and the arc radii of the two are the same. The fixed frame (433) is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 1, in which an arc-shaped clamping block 1 (4331) is fixedly arranged. The movable frame (434) is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 2, in which an arc-shaped clamping block 2 (4341) is fixedly arranged. The arc-shaped clamping block 1 (4331) slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 2, and the arc-shaped clamping block 2 (4341) slides along the arc-shaped slide groove 1, and a spring 2 is arranged between the arc-shaped clamping block 1 (4331) and the arc-shaped clamping block 2 (4341). The arc radius of the arc section formed by the three resistance wheels (453) arranged on the fixed frame (433) and the movable frame (434) is the same as the radius of the output shaft (3).

4. A high-safety reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit block (438) is fixedly arranged on the sliding rod (432), a limit slot (439) is provided on the sliding block (431), the limit block (438) slides along the limit slot (439), and a spring three is arranged between the limit block (438) and the sliding block (431).

5. A high-safety reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (44) comprises two driving disks (441) arranged vertically and in parallel, and an arc-shaped plate (442) fixedly connecting the two driving disks (441), and an annular hydraulic rod (443) is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped plate (442); The brake seat (41) is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove three (411), one side of the arc-shaped slide groove three (411) is provided with an annular hydraulic cavity (412), the arc-shaped plate (442) rotates along the arc-shaped slide groove three (411), and the annular hydraulic rod (443) rotates in a sealed manner along the annular hydraulic cavity (412).

6. A high-safety reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four driving grooves (444) are circumferentially formed on the driving disk (441), and driving rods are fixedly arranged on the brake slips (42) and the sliding block (431), and the driving rods slide along the driving grooves (444).

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