Building structure two-dimensional vibration table test model and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a building structure two-dimensional vibration table test model and a test method. The building structure two-dimensional vibration table test model comprises a baffle plate, a plane inner connecting plate, connecting channel steel, a weight box, a gravity column, an end plate, a gravity column connecting plate, a screw rod, a bottom plate, a plane outer support, a plane outer connecting plate and a ball bearing, the lateral force resisting system and the inertia force applying system are connected through the in-plane connecting plate. The horizontal inertia force and the P-delta effect borne by the lateral force resisting system can be accurately simulated while the lateral force resisting system is prevented from bearing too large vertical load. The size of the weight box can be adjusted according to the number of the needed mass blocks, the mass blocks are easy to install and not prone to torsion, and the installation space can be flexibly adjusted. The upper end and the lower end of the gravity column are hinged, no lateral bearing capacity is provided, and only vertical loads are borne. One end of the out-of-plane connecting plate is fixed to the out-of-plane deformation restraining system, the other end of the out-of-plane connecting plate is connected with the lateral force resisting system through a ball bearing and a high-strength bolt, and out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resisting system can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of structural engineering and earthquake engineering, and in particular to a two-dimensional vibration table test model and test method for a building structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of urbanization in my country, the functions of building structures are becoming increasingly complex and diverse. The collapse or severe damage of buildings in an earthquake will seriously threaten the safety of people's lives and property. In addition, severely damaged buildings will lead to interruptions in building functions and cause expensive repair work after the earthquake. Therefore, it is of great significance to truly simulate the response of building structures under the action of seismic motion and accurately evaluate the seismic performance of building structures, thereby improving their seismic performance. The shaking table physical model test is one of the core methods for studying the seismic performance of building structures. By inputting real seismic loads into the physical model, the shaking table test can intuitively observe the response of the structure under the action of the earthquake, reproduce the force and deformation process of the structure in the actual earthquake, and thus provide a strong scientific basis for accurately evaluating the seismic performance of building structures.

[0003] The lateral force resistance system of a structure mainly resists the horizontal inertial force caused by earthquakes. Taking the frame structure as an example, during an earthquake, the horizontal inertial force applied to each layer of the structure is determined by the mass of the layer and the horizontal ground motion acceleration. It is usually necessary to construct a three-dimensional lateral force resistance system on the table and simulate the horizontal inertial force by attaching mass blocks to the lateral force resistance system. In order to simulate the horizontal inertial force actually borne by the lateral force resistance system under the action of horizontal earthquakes, the mass blocks of each layer contain all the attached masses actually borne by the structure at that layer. However, due to factors such as the size limit of the vibration table table, test funds and operability, this test method has the following shortcomings: (1) The installation space of the mass blocks is limited, and it is impossible to install a large number of them and it is inconvenient to fix them; (2) The mass blocks fixed on the lateral force resistance system will provide additional strength and stiffness for the horizontal components, affecting the accuracy of the test results; (3) The vertical components in the lateral force resistance system are subjected to excessive gravity loads, which is inconsistent with the actual situation; (4) The mass blocks are prone to twisting. In addition, the structure may deform out of the plane or even overturn. In order to avoid this situation, it is very necessary to set up a structural out-of-plane deformation constraint system. This system can effectively limit the out-of-plane deformation of the structure, ensuring the accuracy of the test and the safety of the structure. How to reasonably set the connection nodes between the out-of-plane deformation constraint system and the main structure so that it can limit the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system without providing it with additional strength and stiffness is also an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a two-dimensional shaking table test model and test method for a building structure to simulate the actual stress conditions of the structural lateral force resisting system under the action of a horizontal earthquake, and by reasonably setting the connection nodes between the out-of-plane deformation constraint system and the lateral force resisting system, the out-of-plane deformation constraint system can limit the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resisting system without providing additional strength and stiffness, thereby more accurately evaluating the seismic performance of the structure.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A two-dimensional vibration table test model of a building structure, the test model includes: a baffle 1, an in-plane connecting plate 2, a connecting channel steel 3, a counterweight box 4, a gravity column 5, an end plate 6, a gravity column connecting plate 7, a screw 8, a bottom plate 9, an out-of-plane support 10, an out-of-plane connecting plate 11 and a ball bearing 12; the baffle 1 is welded to the outside of the lateral force resistance system, and the internal space is used to place the horizontal connecting plate 2 to constrain the vertical and horizontal displacements of the horizontal connecting plate 2; lubricant is applied to the internal space of the baffle 1 before the test to achieve frictionless contact with the horizontal connecting plate 2; one end of the horizontal connecting plate 2 is a cylinder, which meshes with the inside of the baffle 1, and in-plane rotation is allowed during the test; a bolt hole is opened at the other end of the horizontal connecting plate 2, which is connected to the connecting channel steel 3 by high-strength bolts; one side of the connecting channel steel 3 is connected to the horizontal connecting plate 2 by high-strength bolts, and the other side is welded to the outside of the counterweight box 4; space is reserved inside the counterweight box 4 to place mass blocks; adjacent The counterweight box 4 of the floor is connected through the gravity column 5; the gravity column 5 is an I-shaped section with end plates 6 welded at both ends; the end plate 6 is provided with bolt holes; the end plate 6 is connected to the gravity column connecting plate 7 welded on the counterweight box 4 by screws 8 and nuts, and the connection method is hinged; the bottom gravity column 5 is connected to the gravity column connecting plate 7 welded on the bottom plate 9 by screws 8 and nuts; the gravity column 5 does not provide any lateral bearing capacity during the process and is only used to bear vertical loads; the gravity column 5 is provided with an out-of-plane support 10 to prevent the gravity column from overturning during the test; the out-of-plane support 10 is connected to the gravity column by high-strength bolts; the bottom plate 9 is connected to the vibration table surface by high-strength bolts; one end of the out-of-plane connecting plate 11 is connected to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system by high-strength bolts, and the other end is provided with a slot, which is connected to the lateral force resistance system by high-strength bolts and ball bearings 12, and does not provide any lateral bearing capacity for the lateral force resistance system, but only constrains the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system.

[0007] Furthermore, the lateral force resistance system and the inertial force application system are connected via the in-plane connecting plate. The connection method allows the in-plane connecting plate to rotate in the plane without generating additional friction and lateral bearing capacity. While preventing the lateral force resistance system from bearing excessive vertical loads, the horizontal inertial force and P-Δ effect borne by the lateral force resistance system can be accurately simulated.

[0008] Furthermore, the size of the counterweight box is adjusted according to the required number of mass blocks.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the gravity column are hinged.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the out-of-plane connection plate is fixed to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system, and the other end is connected to the lateral force resistance system through a ball bearing and a high-strength bolt to prevent out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system.

[0011] A test method using a two-dimensional shaking table test model of a building structure:

[0012] (1) After the lateral force resistance system is installed, a baffle 1 is welded on the outer surface of each floor;

[0013] (2) Weld end plates 6 at the upper and lower ends of the gravity column 5 and drill bolt holes;

[0014] (3) Welding the connecting channel steel 3 and the gravity column connecting plate 7 on the outer surface of the counterweight box 4, and opening bolt holes at the corresponding positions of the horizontal connecting plate 2 and the end plate 6;

[0015] (4) Use screws 8 and nuts to connect the end plate 6 to the gravity column connecting plate 7;

[0016] (5) Apply lubricant along the inner side of the baffle 1 to reduce the friction between the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate 21 and the baffle, and then insert the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate 2 into the reserved space of the baffle 1. The other end of the in-plane connecting plate is connected to the connecting channel steel 3 by high-strength bolts;

[0017] (6) The out-of-plane deformation constraint system is connected to the lateral force resistance system using an out-of-plane connection plate 11.

[0018] (7) Install the out-of-plane support and arrange the mass blocks;

[0019] (8) After all components are assembled, relevant sensors are deployed and subsequent two-dimensional vibration table tests are carried out.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] 1. The lateral force resistance system and the inertial force application system are connected through the in-plane connecting plate. The connection method allows the in-plane connecting plate to rotate in the plane without generating additional friction and lateral bearing capacity. While preventing the lateral force resistance system from bearing excessive vertical loads, it can accurately simulate the horizontal inertial force and P-Δ effect borne by the lateral force resistance system.

[0022] 2. The size of the counterweight box can be adjusted according to the required number of mass blocks. The mass blocks are easy to install and not prone to twisting, and the installation space can be flexibly adjusted.

[0023] 3. The upper and lower ends of the gravity column are hinged, and do not provide any lateral bearing capacity, and only bear vertical loads.

[0024] 4. One end of the out-of-plane connection plate is fixed to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system, and the other end is connected to the lateral force resistance system through a ball bearing and a high-strength bolt, which can effectively prevent the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system. Due to the arrangement of the slot and the ball bearing, the high-strength bolt allows horizontal movement and rotation in the slot of the out-of-plane connection plate, so that no friction energy is generated, and no lateral bearing capacity is provided for the lateral force resistance system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the front view of the two-dimensional shaking table test model of the building structure.

[0026] Figure 2 It is the right view of the two-dimensional shaking table test model of the building structure.

[0027] Figure 3 It is the left view of the two-dimensional shaking table test model of the building structure.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the three-view drawing of the baffle.

[0029] Figure 5 It is the three-view drawing of the connecting plate in the plane.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the connecting plate and the baffle in the plane.

[0031] Figure 7 It is the three-view drawing of connecting channel steel.

[0032] Figure 8 This is the three-view drawing of the counterweight box.

[0033] Fig. 9 These are the three views of the gravity column and end plate.

[0034] Fig.10 This is the three-view drawing of the gravity column connecting plate.

[0035] Fig.11 It is the three-view drawing of the out-of-plane support.

[0036] Fig.12 It is the three-view drawing of the out-of-plane connecting plate.

[0037] Fig.13 This is the three-view drawing of the ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1-13 As shown, a two-dimensional shaking table test model of a building structure includes: a baffle 1, an in-plane connecting plate 2, a connecting channel steel 3, a counterweight box 4, a gravity column 5, an end plate 6, a gravity column connecting plate 7, a screw 8, a bottom plate 9, an out-of-plane support 10, an out-of-plane connecting plate 11 and a ball bearing 12. First, the vertical components and horizontal components of the lateral force resistance system and the out-of-plane deformation constraint system are built according to the design drawings. A baffle plate 1 is welded on the outside of each floor of the lateral force resistance system, and a space is reserved inside the baffle plate 1. Lubricant is applied to the reserved space inside the baffle plate 1 before the formal test to reduce the friction between the in-plane connecting plate 2 and the surface of the baffle plate 1; the in-plane connecting plate 2 can be inserted into the reserved space inside the baffle; one end of the in-plane connecting plate 2 is a cylinder, which meshes with the inside of the baffle 1, and allows in-plane rotation during the test; a bolt hole is opened at the other end of the in-plane connecting plate 2, which is connected to the connecting channel steel 3 through high-strength bolts to transmit horizontal inertial force; one side of the connecting channel steel 3 is connected to the in-plane connecting plate 2 through high-strength bolts, and the other side is welded to the outside of the counterweight box 4; space is reserved inside the counterweight box 4 to place mass blocks; the counterweight boxes 4 of adjacent floors are connected through gravity columns 5; gravity The main part of the column 5 is an I-shaped section, with end plates 6 welded at both ends, connected to the counterweight box 4 and the bottom plate 9; the end plate 6 is provided with bolt holes, connected to the gravity column connecting plate 7 welded on the counterweight box through screws 8 and nuts, and the connection method is hinged; the bottom gravity column 5 is connected to the gravity column connecting plate 7 welded on the bottom plate 9 through screws 8 and nuts; the gravity column 5 does not provide any horizontal bearing capacity during the vibration table test, and is only used to bear gravity load; the gravity column 5 is provided with an out-of-plane support 10 to prevent the gravity column from overturning during the experiment; the bottom plate 9 is connected to the vibration table surface through high-strength bolts; one end of the out-of-plane connecting plate 11 is connected to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system through high-strength bolts, and the other end is connected to the lateral force resistance system through high-strength bolts and ball bearings 12. This approach makes the out-of-plane deformation constraint system not provide any lateral bearing capacity, and only constrains the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A test method of the two-dimensional shaking table test model of the building structure in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) After the lateral force resistance system is installed, a baffle 1 is welded on the outer surface of each floor;

[0044] (2) Weld end plates 6 at the upper and lower ends of the gravity column 5 and drill bolt holes;

[0045] (3) Welding the connecting channel steel 3 and the gravity column connecting plate 7 on the outer surface of the counterweight box 4, and opening bolt holes at the corresponding positions of the horizontal connecting plate 2 and the end plate 6;

[0046] (4) Use screws 8 and nuts to connect the end plate 6 to the gravity column connecting plate 7;

[0047] (5) Apply lubricant along the inner side of the baffle 1 to reduce the friction between the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate 21 and the baffle, and then insert the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate 2 into the reserved space of the baffle 1. The other end of the in-plane connecting plate is connected to the connecting channel steel 3 by high-strength bolts;

[0048] (6) The out-of-plane deformation constraint system is connected to the lateral force resistance system using an out-of-plane connection plate 11.

[0049] (7) Install the out-of-plane support and arrange the mass blocks;

[0050] (8) After all components are assembled, relevant sensors are deployed and subsequent two-dimensional vibration table tests are carried out.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional shaking table test model for a building structure, characterized in that: include: Baffle, in-plane connecting plate, connecting channel steel, counterweight box, gravity column, end plate, gravity column connecting plate, screw, bottom plate, out-of-plane support, out-of-plane connecting plate and ball bearing; the baffle is welded to the outside of the lateral force resistance system, and the internal space is used to place the horizontal connecting plate to constrain the vertical and horizontal displacement of the horizontal connecting plate; lubricant is applied to the internal space of the baffle before the test to achieve frictionless contact with the horizontal connecting plate; one end of the horizontal connecting plate is a cylinder, which meshes with the inside of the baffle, and in-plane rotation is allowed during the test; a bolt hole is opened at the other end of the horizontal connecting plate, which is connected to the connecting channel steel by high-strength bolts; one side of the connecting channel steel and the horizontal connecting plate are connected by high-strength bolts, and the other side is welded to the outside of the counterweight box; space is reserved inside the counterweight box to place mass blocks; the counterweight boxes on adjacent floors are connected by gravity columns; The force column has an I-shaped section with end plates welded at both ends; the end plates are provided with bolt holes; the end plates are connected to the gravity column connecting plates welded on the counterweight box by screws and nuts, and the connection method is hinged; the bottom gravity column is connected to the gravity column connecting plates welded on the bottom plate by screws and nuts; the gravity column does not provide any lateral bearing capacity during the process and is only used to bear vertical loads; the gravity column is provided with an out-of-plane support to prevent the gravity column from overturning during the test; the out-of-plane support is connected to the gravity column by high-strength bolts; the bottom plate is connected to the vibration table surface by high-strength bolts; one end of the out-of-plane connecting plate is connected to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system by high-strength bolts, and the other end is provided with a slot hole, which is connected to the lateral force resistance system by high-strength bolts and ball bearings. It does not provide any lateral bearing capacity for the lateral force resistance system, but only constrains the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system.

2. A two-dimensional shaking table test model for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral force resisting system and the inertial force applying system are connected via the in-plane connecting plate; the connection method allows the in-plane connecting plate to rotate within the plane without generating additional friction and lateral bearing capacity; while preventing the lateral force resisting system from being subjected to excessive vertical loads, the horizontal inertial force and P-Δ effect borne by the lateral force resisting system can be accurately simulated.

3. A two-dimensional shaking table test model for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the weight box is adjusted according to the number of masses required.

4. A two-dimensional shaking table test model for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the gravity column are hinged.

5. A two-dimensional shaking table test model for building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the out-of-plane connecting plate is fixed to the out-of-plane deformation constraint system, and the other end is connected to the lateral force resistance system through a ball bearing and a high-strength bolt to prevent the out-of-plane deformation of the lateral force resistance system.

6. A test method using the two-dimensional shaking table test model of the building structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5: (1) After the lateral force resistance system is installed, the baffle is welded on the outer surface of each floor; (2) Weld end plates at the upper and lower ends of the gravity column and drill bolt holes; (3) Weld the connecting channel steel and gravity column connecting plate on the outer surface of the counterweight box, and open bolt holes at the corresponding positions of the horizontal connecting plate and end plate; (4) Use screws and nuts to connect the end plate to the gravity column connecting plate; (5) Apply lubricant along the inner side of the baffle to reduce the friction between the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate and the baffle, and then insert the cylindrical end of the horizontal connecting plate into the reserved space of the baffle; the other end of the in-plane connecting plate is connected to the connecting channel steel by high-strength bolts; (6) Use an out-of-plane connection plate to connect the out-of-plane deformation constraint system with the lateral force resistance system; (7) Install the out-of-plane support and arrange the mass blocks; (8) After all components are assembled, relevant sensors are deployed and subsequent two-dimensional vibration table tests are carried out.

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