Impact detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of impact detection, and particularly relates to an impact detection device and a detection method thereof. An outlet of the acceleration slide way is arranged right above the test piece, and the middle part of the acceleration slide way is communicated with the lower end of the inclined slide way; the top of the acceleration slideway is provided with a high-voltage electricity generating part which is fixedly connected to the top plate, acceleration grooves are formed in the front side and the rear side of the acceleration slideway respectively, magnets are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the acceleration slideway respectively, conducting strips are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the acceleration grooves, and one conducting strip is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage electricity generating part. A chute is communicated with the middle part of the acceleration groove, and the chute is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined slide way; the middle of the falling ball is fixedly connected with a metal rod, and the falling ball enters from the high end of the inclined sliding way, is in sliding fit with the chute and the acceleration groove through the metal rod and falls out from an outlet in the bottom of the acceleration sliding way. The invention further provides an impact detection method based on the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of impact detection, and in particular relates to an impact detection device and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining activities, the coal and rock near the mining area are often in frequent dynamic disturbances, which can be simplified as typical cyclic impact loads.

[0003] Impact loads can change the seepage characteristics of coal seams to a certain extent; they may also induce disasters such as spalling, coal and gas outbursts, and water seepage in coal and rock masses. Therefore, analyzing and studying the deformation and seepage characteristics of coal and rock masses under impact loads is an essential part of predicting and preventing gas and mine pressure disasters.

[0004] At present, the main research methods of rock dynamics include theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, numerical analysis and calculation, field monitoring, etc. Field monitoring is the most direct and practical method, but this method has high economic cost and is often limited by specific construction conditions, and it is often impossible to implement systematically. In addition, the numerical simulation method is used to verify and evaluate its stability. Since the rock mechanical parameters are affected by many factors, it is difficult to obtain accurate values, and the calculation results obtained by numerical simulation can only be used as a reference. Laboratory tests are currently the most widely used research method, among which the drop hammer belongs to the direct loading method.

[0005] However, at present, when loading by a drop hammer, the impact force depends on the mass of the drop hammer, and the magnitude of the impact force is difficult to adjust. Therefore, an impact detection device and a detection method thereof are urgently needed to solve the problem. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an impact detection device and a detection method thereof to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] An impact detection device, comprising:

[0009] A bottom plate, the bottom plate is used to place the test piece, the bottom plate is installed in the box, and a top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the box;

[0010] An acceleration slide, the outlet of which is arranged just above the test piece, the middle of the acceleration slide is connected with the lower end of the inclined slide; a high voltage electricity generating part is arranged on the top of the acceleration slide, the high voltage electricity generating part is fixedly connected to the top plate, acceleration slots are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the acceleration slide, magnets are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the acceleration slide, a conductive sheet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acceleration slot, one of the conductive sheets is electrically connected to the positive pole of the high voltage electricity generating part, and the other conductive sheet is electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage electricity generating part, a chute is connected to the middle of the acceleration slot, and the chute is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined slide;

[0011] The falling ball is made of insulating material, a metal rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the falling ball, and both ends of the metal rod are located on the outside of the falling ball. After the falling ball enters from the high end of the inclined slide, it slides with the chute and the acceleration groove through the metal rod and falls out from the bottom outlet of the acceleration slide.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, the bottom plate is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used for the falling ball to roll toward the lower end;

[0013] A slide groove is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface, and both ends of the slide groove are arranged higher than the middle part of the slide groove. The slide groove is used for the falling ball to move toward the middle after falling into it. The middle part of the slide groove is connected to a removal outlet, and the falling ball is taken out through the removal outlet.

[0014] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, a force sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate, a tray is fixedly connected to the top of the force sensor, and the tray is used to place the test piece.

[0015] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, a door is provided on the front side of the box body, the door is rotatably connected to a door panel, and a hole is provided on the box body for communicating with the removal port, the hole is rotatably connected to a cover panel.

[0016] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, the high-voltage electricity generating part includes a high-voltage generator, the high-voltage generator is fixed to the top plate, the positive pole of the high-voltage generator is electrically connected to one of the conductive sheets, and the negative pole of the high-voltage generator is electrically connected to the other conductive sheet.

[0017] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, a sealing plate is sealed at the entrance of the inclined slideway, and a limiting portion for controlling the rolling of the falling ball is provided at the entrance of the inclined slideway.

[0018] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, the limiting portion includes a limiting pin, and the limiting pin is vertically elastically slidably arranged at the bottom of the inclined slideway near the entrance.

[0019] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, a spring is disposed on the outer sleeve of the limit pin, the top end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inclined slideway, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limit pin.

[0020] According to the above-mentioned impact detection device, sealing strips are fixedly connected at the joints between the door plate, the cover plate and the box body.

[0021] A shock detection method, based on the above shock detection device, comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: placing the test piece directly below the exit of the acceleration slideway, and setting the acceleration voltage of the high voltage generator;

[0023] Step 2: Load the falling ball into the high end of the inclined slideway, and place the metal rods leaking out of the two ends of the falling ball into the corresponding chutes, release the falling ball, and make it roll along the chutes to the low end of the inclined slideway under the action of the metal rods;

[0024] Step 3, the metal rod rolls with the falling ball into the acceleration slot of the acceleration slide, and after the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power generating part through the corresponding conductive sheets, the initial speed of the falling ball at the exit of the acceleration slide is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravity acceleration;

[0025] Step 4: After the falling ball collides with the test piece, it rolls to the bottom plate and is recovered.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0027] When in use, first place the test piece directly below the exit of the acceleration slide, and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage electricity generating unit; then load the falling ball into the high end of the inclined slide, and put the metal rods leaking out at both ends of the falling ball into the corresponding chute, release the falling ball, and make it roll along the chute to the lower end of the inclined slide under the action of the metal rod; when the metal rod rolls into the acceleration groove of the acceleration slide with the falling ball, the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage electricity generating unit through the corresponding conductive sheets, and then the initial speed of the falling ball at the exit of the acceleration slide is adjusted under the multiple effects of electromagnetic acceleration and gravity acceleration. When the set acceleration voltage is zero, the acceleration voltage only accelerates the impact under the action of gravity acceleration, and as the acceleration voltage increases, when the two ends of the metal rod are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage electricity generating unit through the corresponding conductive sheets, the falling ball will be ejected under the action of electromagnetic force, and the falling ball will be affected by gravity acceleration at the same time. Therefore, the speed of the falling ball can be increased by electromagnetic force, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the impact force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the acceleration slide of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the entrance of the inclined slideway of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ball falling structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the entrance of the inclined slide of the present invention;

[0036] Among them, 1. Box body; 2. High voltage generator; 3. Top plate; 4. Inclined slide; 5. Cover plate; 6. Acceleration slide; 7. Test piece; 8. Bottom plate; 9. Tray; 10. Force sensor; 11. Slide; 12. Take-out port; 13. Drop ball; 14. Metal rod; 15. Chute; 16. Acceleration slot; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Spring; 19. Limit pin; 20. Door panel; 21. Magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] Reference Figures 1 to 7 , this embodiment discloses an impact detection device, comprising:

[0041] A bottom plate 8, the bottom plate 8 is used to place the test piece 7, the bottom plate 8 is installed in the box body 1, and a top plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the box body 1;

[0042] The acceleration slide 6, the outlet of which is arranged just above the test piece 7, the middle of the acceleration slide 6 is connected with the lower end of the inclined slide 4; a high voltage electricity generating part is arranged on the top of the acceleration slide 6, the high voltage electricity generating part is fixedly connected to the top plate 3, the front and rear sides of the acceleration slide 6 are respectively provided with acceleration grooves 16, the left and right inner walls of the acceleration slide 6 are respectively fixedly connected with magnets 21, the inner wall of the acceleration groove 16 is fixedly connected with conductive sheets, one of which is electrically connected to the positive pole of the high voltage electricity generating part, and the other conductive sheet is electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage electricity generating part, the middle of the acceleration groove 16 is connected with a chute 15, and the chute 15 is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined slide 4;

[0043] The falling ball 13 is made of insulating material, and a metal rod 14 is fixedly connected to the middle of the falling ball 13. The two ends of the metal rod 14 are located on the outside of the falling ball 13. After the falling ball 13 enters from the high end of the inclined slide 4, it slides with the chute 15 and the acceleration groove 16 through the metal rod 14, and falls out from the bottom outlet of the acceleration slide 6.

[0044] When in use, first place the test piece 7 just below the exit of the acceleration slide 6, and set the acceleration voltage of the high-voltage power generating part; then load the falling ball 13 into the high end of the inclined slide 4, and put the metal rods 14 leaking out of the two ends of the falling ball 13 into the corresponding chute 15, release the falling ball 13, and make it roll along the chute 15 to the lower end of the inclined slide 4 under the action of the metal rods 14; when the metal rods 14 roll into the acceleration groove 16 of the acceleration slide 6 with the falling ball 13, the two ends of the metal rods 14 are electrically connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power generating part through the corresponding conductive sheets. After that, under the multiple effects of electromagnetic acceleration and gravitational acceleration, the initial speed of the falling ball 13 at the exit of the acceleration slide 6 can be adjusted. When the set acceleration voltage is zero, the acceleration voltage only accelerates the impact under the action of gravity acceleration. As the acceleration voltage increases, when the two ends of the metal rod 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage power generating part through the corresponding conductive sheets, the falling ball 13 will be ejected under the action of electromagnetic force, and the falling ball 13 is also affected by gravitational acceleration. Therefore, the speed of the falling ball 13 can be increased by electromagnetic force to achieve the effect of adjusting the impact force.

[0045] The magnets 21 are located in the acceleration slide 6 and below the lower end of the inclined slide 4 , with the N pole of one magnet 21 facing the S pole of the other magnet 21 .

[0046] As an optional embodiment, the bottom plate 8 is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used for the falling ball 13 to roll toward the lower end;

[0047] A chute 11 is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface, and both ends of the chute 11 are arranged higher than the middle of the chute 11 . The chute 11 is used for the falling ball 13 to move toward the middle after falling into it. The middle of the chute 11 is connected to a removal outlet 12 , and the falling ball 13 is taken out from the removal outlet 12 .

[0048] After the collision, the falling ball 13 rolls down to the bottom plate 8 , and under the action of the inclined surface of the bottom plate 8 , the falling ball 13 falls into the chute 11 and rolls along the inclined surface of the chute 11 to the taking-out outlet 12 , so that the falling ball 13 can be taken out from the taking-out outlet 12 .

[0049] As an optional implementation, a force sensor 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 8 , and a tray 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the force sensor 10 . The tray 9 is used to place the test piece 7 .

[0050] The force sensor 10 can be used to record the impact force of the falling ball 13 to facilitate data analysis.

[0051] At the same time, an observation port may be provided on the box body 1 and sealed with high-strength tempered glass, so that the impact process can be observed or images can be taken through the observation port.

[0052] As an optional embodiment, a door is provided on the front side of the box body 1, and a door panel 20 is rotatably connected to the door. The box body 1 is provided with a hole for communicating with the outlet 12, and a cover plate 5 is rotatably connected to the hole.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, the high voltage electricity generating part includes a high voltage generator 2, which is fixed to the top plate 3, the positive pole of the high voltage generator 2 is electrically connected to one of the conductive sheets, and the negative pole of the high voltage generator 2 is electrically connected to the other conductive sheet.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that, as an optional implementation, a sealing plate 17 is sealed at the entrance of the inclined slide 4, and a limiting portion for controlling the rolling of the falling ball 13 is provided at the entrance of the inclined slide 4.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the limiting portion includes a limiting pin 19 , and the limiting pin 19 is vertically elastically slidably arranged at the bottom of the inclined slideway 4 near the entrance.

[0057] As an optional implementation, a spring 18 is provided on the outer sleeve of the limiting pin 19 , the top end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inclined slide 4 , and the bottom end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting pin 19 .

[0058] As an optional implementation, sealing strips are fixedly connected at the joints between the door panel 20 , the cover panel 5 and the box body 1 .

[0059] The device can also connect the box body 1 to a vacuum pumping device to make the impact environment a vacuum environment. After the falling ball 13 is placed in the inclined slide 4, the sealing plate 17 is closed, and the falling ball 13 is prevented from rolling by the limit pin 19. Then, the inside of the box body 1 is evacuated to a vacuum by the vacuum pumping device. After the vacuum environment is stable, the limit pin 19 is removed and the falling ball 13 starts rolling to start the test.

[0060] A shock detection method, based on the above shock detection device, comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Place the test piece 7 directly below the exit of the acceleration slide 6, and set the acceleration voltage of the high voltage generator;

[0062] Step 2: Load the falling ball 13 into the upper end of the inclined slide 4, and place the metal rods 14 leaking from both ends of the falling ball 13 into the corresponding chutes 15, release the falling ball 13, and make it roll along the chutes 15 to the lower end of the inclined slide 4 under the action of the metal rods 14;

[0063] Step 3: The metal rod 14 rolls with the falling ball 13 into the acceleration slot 16 of the acceleration slide 6. After the two ends of the metal rod 14 are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power generating part through corresponding conductive sheets, the initial speed of the falling ball 13 at the exit of the acceleration slide 6 is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravity acceleration.

[0064] Step 4: the falling ball 13 hits the test piece 7 and then rolls to the bottom plate 8 for recovery.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0066] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact detection device, characterized in that: include: A bottom plate (8), the bottom plate (8) being used for placing the test piece (7), the bottom plate (8) being installed in the box body (1), and a top plate (3) being fixedly connected to the top of the box body (1); An acceleration slide (6), the outlet of which is arranged just above the test piece (7), the middle of the acceleration slide (6) is connected to the lower end of the inclined slide (4); a high voltage power generating unit is arranged at the top of the acceleration slide (6), the high voltage power generating unit is fixedly connected to the top plate (3), acceleration grooves (16) are respectively arranged at the front and rear sides of the acceleration slide (6), magnets (21) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the acceleration slide (6), conductive sheets are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the acceleration grooves (16), one of the conductive sheets is electrically connected to the positive pole of the high voltage power generating unit, and the other conductive sheet is electrically connected to the negative pole of the high voltage power generating unit, the middle of the acceleration groove (16) is connected to a chute (15), and the chute (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the inclined slide (4); A falling ball (13) is made of insulating material. A metal rod (14) is fixedly connected to the middle of the falling ball (13). Both ends of the metal rod (14) are located outside the falling ball (13). After the falling ball (13) enters from the high end of the inclined slideway (4), it slides with the chute (15) and the acceleration groove (16) through the metal rod (14) and falls out from the bottom outlet of the acceleration slideway (6).

2. An impact detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (8) is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is used for the falling ball (13) to roll toward the lower end; A slide groove (11) is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface, and both ends of the slide groove (11) are arranged higher than the middle of the slide groove (11). The slide groove (11) is used for the falling ball (13) to move toward the middle after falling into it. The middle of the slide groove (11) is connected to a removal outlet (12), and the falling ball (13) is taken out through the removal outlet (12).

3. The impact detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A force sensor (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate (8), and a tray (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the force sensor (10). The tray (9) is used to place the test piece (7).

4. The impact detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body (1) has a door opening on the front side, the door opening is rotatably connected to a door panel (20), and the box body (1) has a hole for communicating with the outlet (12), the hole is rotatably connected to a cover plate (5).

5. The impact detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage electricity generating unit comprises a high-voltage generator (2), the high-voltage generator (2) is fixedly connected to the top plate (3), the positive electrode of the high-voltage generator (2) is electrically connected to one of the conductive sheets, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage generator (2) is electrically connected to the other conductive sheet.

6. The impact detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entrance of the inclined slideway (4) is sealed with a sealing plate (17), and the entrance of the inclined slideway (4) is provided with a limiting portion for controlling the rolling of the falling ball (13).

7. An impact detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting portion comprises a limiting pin (19), and the limiting pin (19) is vertically elastically slidably arranged at the bottom of the inclined slideway (4) near the entrance.

8. An impact detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting pin (19) is provided with a spring (18) on its outer sleeve, the top end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inclined slideway (4), and the bottom end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting pin (19).

9. The impact detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sealing strips are fixedly connected at the joints between the door panel (20), the cover panel (5) and the box body (1).

10. A shock detection method, according to a shock detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: placing the test piece (7) directly below the exit of the acceleration slideway (6), and setting the acceleration voltage of the high voltage generator; Step 2: Load the falling ball (13) into the upper end of the inclined slideway (4), and place the metal rods (14) leaking out from both ends of the falling ball (13) into the corresponding chutes (15), release the falling ball (13), and make it roll along the chutes (15) toward the lower end of the inclined slideway (4) under the action of the metal rods (14); Step 3, the metal rod (14) rolls along with the falling ball (13) into the acceleration slot (16) of the acceleration slide (6), and after the two ends of the metal rod (14) are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the high-voltage power generating part through the corresponding conductive sheets, the initial speed of the falling ball (13) at the exit of the acceleration slide (6) is adjusted under the action of electromagnetic acceleration and gravity acceleration; Step 4: After the falling ball (13) collides with the test piece (7), it rolls to the bottom plate (8) and is recovered.

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