Modularized teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular teaching whiteboard for an automobile electrical system, and particularly relates to the technical field of teaching equipment. An ignition switch, a lamplight switch, a dimmer switch, a reversing lamp switch, a brake lamp switch, a horn switch, a glass lifter switch, a steering lamp switch, a danger alarm lamp switch, a horn, a left front parking lamp, a right front parking lamp, a left headlamp, a right headlamp and a left front fog lamp which can form an automobile electrical system are adsorbed on one side of the white board. The whiteboard is vertically installed, can be hung on a wall and can be fixed through a support, a common horizontal arrangement mode of automobile electrical equipment is changed into a vertical arrangement mode, all devices are structurally designed and independently exist, the devices are attracted to the whiteboard through the strong magnets at the bottom of the assembly, the positions can be freely placed, and adjustment can be conducted according to conditions; the automobile electrical system teaching equipment solves the problems that the sight of students in the back row is blocked, the teaching effect is poor and the audience range is small in the conventional horizontal arrangement form of the automobile electrical system teaching equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of teaching equipment, and in particular to a modular teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical systems. Background Art

[0002] Theoretical teaching of automotive electrical systems is abstract and difficult to understand. Although the integration of theory and practice makes teaching relatively intuitive to a certain extent, it has certain limitations and shortcomings whether it is conducted on a real car or on hardware equipment such as an automotive electrical test bench. If teaching is conducted on a real car, the first problem is that frequent disassembly and testing can easily cause equipment damage. To complete various tests, the automotive electrical system must be disassembled. Various electrical equipment, switches, fuses, relays, connectors and other devices are repeatedly disassembled, plugged in, and tested for connector terminals, and line puncture tests, which inevitably damage the system. The equipment failure rate is high and the teaching cost is high. In addition, this type of teaching also puts higher requirements on the number of equipment sets and the number of teachers. Only a few people can surround the equipment or occupy a favorable position for a car or a test bench, while most people can only watch from the outside and have no way to get started. This has also caused the embarrassing situation of "one person doing, many people watching, the front row barely watching, and the back row not seeing" that is prevalent in current vocational education.

[0003] The integrated teaching mode of theory and practice has been proposed for more than ten years, but the integration of theory and practice is more of a concept. In teaching practice, it is mostly the alternating implementation and promotion of the two teaching links. In fact, the deep integration of the two in terms of connotation lacks the support of hardware platform. In particular, if the vehicle electrical system is not modified for teaching using real vehicles, it can only be used for operation and function demonstration. It is impossible to intuitively understand the internal structure of various electrical equipment, nor is it convenient to detect the electrical characteristics of the device. There is no way to understand the composition of various electrical systems and the circuit control relationship, not to mention fault diagnosis and troubleshooting; although some equipment manufacturers extract the automotive electrical system from the whole vehicle and manufacture special teaching equipment for the electrical system, it is still based on the architecture and layout of the real vehicle. In the teaching process, it is only suitable for group teaching of several people, and is not suitable for teachers to carry out the integrated teaching of theory and practice in the whole class. The student participation is low, and there is no function of independently building circuits and designing control programs. Therefore, exploring a solution that can migrate the automotive electrical system to a whiteboard and meet the teaching function requirements such as device detection, system construction, fault setting, and troubleshooting training has become the key to solving the problem, and the present invention is specially proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a modular teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical systems. The whiteboard is installed vertically and can be wall-mounted or fixed with a bracket, thereby transforming the common horizontal arrangement of automobile electrical equipment into a vertical arrangement. All components are structured and exist independently. The strong magnets at the bottom of the components are used to adsorb them on the whiteboard. The positions can be arbitrarily placed and adjusted according to the situation, thereby solving the problems of obstructed vision of students in the back row, poor teaching effect and small audience in the conventional horizontal arrangement of automobile electrical system teaching equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a modular teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical system, comprising a whiteboard, wherein one side of the whiteboard is adsorbed with an ignition switch, a light switch, a dimmer switch, a reversing light switch, a brake light switch, a horn switch, a window lifter switch, a turn signal switch, a hazard warning light switch, a horn, a left front parking light, a right front parking light, a left headlight, a right headlight, a left front fog light, a right front fog light, a rear fog light, a left front turn signal, a right front turn signal, a left rear turn signal, a right rear turn signal, a left brake light, a right brake light, a reversing light, a four-pin relay, a five-pin relay, a flash relay, a DC motor, an electronic control experimental unit, a working power supply and a fuse box;

[0006] The whiteboard is placed upright by wall hanging or bracket support for teaching demonstration.

[0007] Preferably, the ignition switch, light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, horn switch, window lifter switch, turn signal switch, hazard warning light switch, horn, left front parking light, right front parking light, left headlight, right headlight, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, left brake light, right brake light, reversing light, four-pin relay, five-pin relay, flasher relay, DC motor, electronic control experimental unit, working power supply and fuse box are respectively embedded in multiple independent bases, and four strong magnetic magnets are installed on the side of each base close to the whiteboard for adsorbing the whiteboard.

[0008] Preferably, the ignition switch embedded in the base constitutes an ignition switch assembly, and 6 terminals are provided on the panel of the ignition switch assembly, and the 6 terminals are numbered 30, 15, 50, P, X, and S, respectively, and are connected to the terminals of the ignition switch inside the ignition switch assembly through wires, wherein a self-locking push button switch is connected in series between terminal 15 on the panel and terminal 15 of the ignition switch, for setting a fault of abnormal power supply of terminal 15.

[0009] Preferably, the light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, left front parking light, right front parking light, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn light, right front turn light, left rear turn light, right rear turn light, and reversing light are respectively embedded in different bases to form a light combination switch assembly, and each light combination switch assembly has 11 terminals on the panel, and the 11 terminals are numbered NSL, NL, 56, Xr, Xz, 58d, 58, 30, 58, 58R, and 31, respectively. A self-locking switch is connected in series through a wire between terminal 30 and a terminal of a device inside the base, between terminal 56 and a terminal of a device inside the base, between terminal Xr and a terminal of a device inside the base, and between terminal NSL and a terminal of a device inside the base, for setting a device fault;

[0010] The above-mentioned device refers to one of the light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, left front parking light, right front parking light, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, and reversing light.

[0011] Preferably, the fuse box is formed by a fuse embedded inside a base, and the structure of the fuse box is similar to that of a light combination switch assembly. An 80A normally open relay is arranged inside the fuse box, and a self-locking switch with an indicator light is installed on the panel of the fuse box. Only when the switch is turned on will the normally open relay be energized to output power to the positive terminal of the fuse box panel. At the same time, a grounding terminal is also provided on the fuse box panel.

[0012] Preferably, the hazard warning light switch is embedded in the base to form a hazard warning light assembly, and there are 7 terminals on the panel of the hazard warning light assembly, which are numbered 30, 15, 49, 49a, 58d, L, and R. When the hazard warning light switch is disconnected and connected, the conductivity between terminal 49 and terminal 30 and terminal 15 is detected respectively, and the electrical characteristics of the hazard warning light switch are obtained through the conductivity between terminal 49a and terminal L and terminal R;

[0013] A self-locking push button switch is connected in series between terminal 49 on the hazard warning light assembly panel and terminal 49 of the hazard warning light switch, and between terminal 49a and terminal 49a of the hazard warning light switch, respectively, to set the faults of abnormal power supply and abnormal signal output of the hazard warning light switch.

[0014] Preferably, the left front turn signal, the right front turn signal, the left rear turn signal and the right rear turn signal embedded in the base constitute a turn signal switch assembly, and there are 3 terminals on the panel of the turn signal switch assembly, which are labeled 49a, L, and R respectively. The electrical characteristics of the turn signal switch are obtained by detecting the conductivity between terminal 49a and terminal L and terminal R when the turn signal switch assembly is operated to the off position, left turn position, and right turn position respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the four-pin relay embedded in the base constitutes a four-pin relay assembly, and the panel of the four-pin relay assembly has a total of 4 terminals, which are labeled 85, 86, 30, and 87. After the four-pin relay is plugged in, the above 4 terminals are respectively connected to the terminals 85, 86, 30, and 87 of the four-pin relay, which are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the four-pin relay, and to detect the performance of the four-pin relay by applying a rated voltage at both ends of the coil to detect the conductivity between the relay switch side terminal 30 and the terminal 87;

[0016] The five-pin relay embedded in the base constitutes a five-pin relay assembly. There are five terminals on the panel of the five-pin relay assembly, which are labeled 85, 86, 30, 87, and 87a. After the five-pin relay is plugged in, the above five terminals are respectively connected to the terminal 85, terminal 86, terminal 30, terminal 87, and terminal 87a of the five-pin relay, which are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the five-pin relay, and to detect the conductivity between the terminal 30 and the terminal 87, and the terminal 30 and the terminal 87a of the five-pin relay switch side by applying a rated voltage across the coil to detect the performance of the five-pin relay.

[0017] The flasher relay embedded inside the base constitutes a flasher relay assembly. There are three terminals on the panel of the flasher relay, which are labeled 49, 31, and 49a. After the flasher relay is plugged in, the three terminals are respectively connected to terminal 49, terminal 31, and terminal 49a of the flasher relay, which are used to operate the turn signal switch after the turn signal circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit.

[0018] Preferably, the left headlamp and the right headlamp embedded in the base constitute a headlamp assembly, and the panel of the headlamp assembly has three terminals, namely, a high beam terminal, a low beam terminal and a ground terminal. After the H4 halogen lamp is plugged in, the three terminals are respectively connected to the high beam terminal, the low beam terminal and the ground terminal of the bulb, and are used to operate the light combination switch and the dimmer switch after the headlamp circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit;

[0019] The left brake light and the right brake light embedded in the base constitute a brake light assembly. There are two terminals on the panel of the brake light assembly, namely the power supply terminal and the ground terminal. After the red LED bulb is plugged in, the above two terminals are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the ground terminal of the LED bulb, which are used to operate the brake light switch after the brake light circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit.

[0020] Preferably, the electronic control experimental unit encapsulated inside the base constitutes an electronic control experimental unit module, and the electronic control experimental unit module adopts a 51 single-chip microcomputer development board with 8 inputs and 8 outputs. The input end adopts an optocoupler interface circuit to achieve electrical isolation between the 12V switch signal and the 5V circuit of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end drive circuit controls the on and off of the relay to achieve control of the electrical equipment.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The whiteboard in the present invention is installed vertically and can be wall-mounted or fixed with a bracket, which transforms the common horizontal arrangement of automotive electrical equipment into a vertical arrangement. All components are structured and exist independently. They are adsorbed on the whiteboard by strong magnets at the bottom of the components. The position can be placed arbitrarily and adjusted according to the situation, which solves the problems of obstructed vision of students in the back row, poor teaching effect and small audience in the conventional horizontal arrangement of automotive electrical system teaching equipment.

[0023] 2. All terminals of various components used to simulate the automobile electrical system in the present invention are externally connected, and special wires can be used to achieve quick connection. According to the circuit diagrams of different models, the unit circuits of the automobile electrical system with different control relationships are built to reveal the control principle, solving the problem that the traditional whiteboard can only be used for writing but not for circuit experiments;

[0024] The electrical characteristics of various switches can be obtained by using a multimeter to measure the conductivity between the terminals at different gears, cultivating students' ability to deeply explore circuit principles.

[0025] 3. The present invention can set various types of faults such as power supply abnormality, device abnormality, line open circuit, short circuit, poor contact, etc., and is used for teaching automobile electrical system fault diagnosis.

[0026] 4. The two ends of the wire used for connection in the present invention are 2.5mm 2 The soft copper wire has a large-cap steel screw-nut structure with a diameter of 10 mm at both ends. A hollow strong magnetic magnet is sandwiched between the screw and nut. The device terminals on the component can be quickly connected by the magnetic suction force, which is convenient for teachers to demonstrate how to build unit circuits, teach circuit structure, and help students clarify the circuit control relationship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an ignition switch assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a light combination switch assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a fuse box of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a hazard warning light assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a turn signal switch assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a four-pin relay assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a five-pin relay assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flash relay assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a headlamp assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a brake light assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the electric control experimental unit module of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 A front view of the wire of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 A top view of the wire of the present invention;

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1 whiteboard, 2 ignition switch assembly, 3 light combination switch assembly, 4 fuse box, 5 hazard warning light assembly, 6 turn signal switch assembly, 7 four-pin relay assembly, 8 five-pin relay assembly, 9 flasher relay assembly, 10 headlight assembly, 11 brake light assembly, 12 electronic control experiment unit module, 13 wires, 14 base, 15 high magnetic magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The present invention provides Figure 1 A modular teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical system shown in the figure comprises a whiteboard 1, on one side of which are adsorbed an ignition switch, a light switch, a dimmer switch, a reversing light switch, a brake light switch, a horn switch, a window lifter switch, a turn signal switch, a hazard warning light switch, a horn, a left front parking light, a right front parking light, a left headlight, a right headlight, a left front fog light, a right front fog light, a rear fog light, a left front turn signal, a right front turn signal, a left rear turn signal, a right rear turn signal, a left brake light, a right brake light, a reversing light, a four-pin relay, a five-pin relay, a flash relay, a DC motor, an electronic control experimental unit, a working power supply and a fuse box 4;

[0046] Among them, the whiteboard 1 used in the present invention is a black and white double-sided writing board with a specification of 100×150cm. The surface is a painted board, and the interior is lined with a galvanized steel plate that can absorb magnets. In order to facilitate teaching demonstrations, the whiteboard 1 is placed upright by wall hanging or bracket support. Specifically, two movable metal hooks can be installed on the upper end of the whiteboard 1, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the position and distance of the wall nails to facilitate wall hanging installation. In addition, the whiteboard 1 can also be installed with a bracket, and the height of the whiteboard 1 can be adjusted up and down, and the inclination of the whiteboard 1 can be flexibly adjusted to facilitate students to watch.

[0047] The present invention can arbitrarily select the above-mentioned devices to build the circuit according to the teaching content, and in order to facilitate the fixing of the devices on the whiteboard 1, the ignition switch, light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, horn switch, window lifter switch, turn signal switch, hazard warning light switch, horn, left front parking light, right front parking light, left headlight, right headlight, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, left brake light, right brake light, reversing light, four-pin relay, five-pin relay, flash relay, DC motor, electric control experimental unit, working power supply and fuse box 4 in the present invention are respectively embedded in a plurality of independent bases 14, and four strong magnetic magnets 15 are installed on one side of each base 14 close to the whiteboard 1 for adsorbing the whiteboard 1. Under the action of the high magnetic magnet and the whiteboard 1, the teacher can arbitrarily decompose the automobile electrical system into several units to implement modular teaching, and different devices can also be arbitrarily moved and placed on the whiteboard 1;

[0048] In addition, the whiteboard 1 is equipped with a storage box, and the components that are not in use temporarily can be placed in the storage box.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the ignition switch embedded in the base 14 in the present invention constitutes the ignition switch assembly 2, and the panel of the ignition switch assembly 2 is provided with 6 terminals, which are numbered 30, 15, 50, P, X, and S respectively, and are connected to the terminals of the ignition switch inside the ignition switch assembly 2 through wires 13, wherein a self-locking push button switch is connected in series between the terminal 15 on the panel and the terminal 15 of the ignition switch, which is used to set the fault of abnormal power supply of the terminal 15. In addition, the electrical characteristics of the ignition switch can be mastered by testing the conductivity between the terminal 30 and other terminals when the ignition switch is in the OFF, ON, and ST gears respectively.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in the present invention, the light switch, the dimmer switch, the reversing light switch, the brake light switch, the left front parking light, the right front parking light, the left front fog light, the right front fog light, the rear fog light, the left front turn signal, the right front turn signal, the left rear turn signal, the right rear turn signal, and the reversing light are respectively embedded in different bases 14 to form a light combination switch assembly 3, and each light combination switch assembly 3 is provided with 11 terminals on the panel, and the labels of the 11 terminals are respectively NSL, NL, 56, Xr, Xz, 58d, 58, 30, 58, 58R, and 31. A self-locking switch is connected in series through a wire 13 between the terminal 30 and the terminal of the internal device of the base 14, between the terminal 56 and the terminal of the internal device of the base 14, between the terminal Xr and the terminal of the internal device of the base 14, and between the terminal NSL and the terminal of the internal device of the base 14, for setting a device fault;

[0051] The above-mentioned device refers to one of the light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, left front parking light, right front parking light, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, and reversing light.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the fuse box 4 of the present invention is formed by the fuse embedded in the base 14. The fuse box 4 includes 6 independently arranged fuses. The fuse specifications can be arbitrarily replaced according to the circuit requirements. Both ends of the fuse adopt galvanized or nickel-plated screws with a flat top cover and a diameter of 10mm, which are used in conjunction with the aforementioned connecting wires to achieve quick connection. Moreover, the structure of the fuse box 4 of the present invention is similar to that of the light combination switch assembly 3. An 80A normally open relay is arranged in the fuse box 4, and a self-locking switch with an indicator light is installed on the panel of the fuse box 4. Only when the switch is turned on will the normally open relay be attracted to output the power supply to the positive terminal of the panel of the fuse box 4. At the same time, a grounding terminal is also provided on the panel of the fuse box 4.

[0053] During use, the fuse box 4 can be used to set a power supply failure by replacing a blown fuse, thereby achieving the function of diagnosing and eliminating power supply failures during the teaching process.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the hazard warning light switch of the present invention is embedded in the base 14 to form the hazard warning light assembly 5. There are 7 terminals on the panel of the hazard warning light assembly 5, which are numbered 30, 15, 49, 49a, 58d, L, and R. When the hazard warning light switch is disconnected and connected, the conductivity between the terminal 49 and the terminal 30 and the terminal 15 is detected respectively, and the electrical characteristics of the hazard warning light switch are obtained through the conductivity between the terminal 49a and the terminal L and the terminal R;

[0055] A self-locking push button switch is connected in series between terminal 49 on the panel of the hazard warning light assembly 5 and terminal 49 of the hazard warning light switch, and between terminal 49a and terminal 49a of the hazard warning light switch, respectively, to set the faults of abnormal power supply and abnormal signal output of the hazard warning light switch.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the left front turn signal lamp, the right front turn signal lamp, the left rear turn signal lamp and the right rear turn signal lamp embedded in the base 14 in the present invention constitute a turn signal switch assembly 6. There are three terminals on the panel of the turn signal switch assembly 6, which are labeled 49a, L, and R respectively. By operating the turn signal switch assembly 6 to the off position, the left turn position, and the right turn position, the conductivity between the terminal 49a and the terminal L and the terminal R is detected to obtain the electrical characteristics of the turn signal switch.

[0057] like Figure 7As shown, the four-pin relay embedded in the base 14 in the present invention constitutes a four-pin relay assembly 7. There are 4 terminals on the panel of the four-pin relay assembly 7, which are labeled 85, 86, 30, and 87. After the four-pin relay is plugged in, the above 4 terminals are respectively connected to the terminals 85, 86, 30, and 87 of the four-pin relay, which are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the four-pin relay, and to detect the performance of the four-pin relay by applying a rated voltage at both ends of the coil to detect the conductivity between the relay switch side terminal 30 and the terminal 87;

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the five-pin relay embedded in the base 14 constitutes a five-pin relay assembly 8. There are 5 terminals on the panel of the five-pin relay assembly 8, which are labeled 85, 86, 30, 87, and 87a. After the five-pin relay is plugged in, the above 5 terminals are respectively connected to the terminal 85, terminal 86, terminal 30, terminal 87, and terminal 87a of the five-pin relay, which are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the five-pin relay, and to detect the conductivity between the terminal 30 and the terminal 87, and the terminal 30 and the terminal 87a of the five-pin relay switch side by applying a rated voltage across the coil to detect the performance of the five-pin relay;

[0059] like Fig. 9 As shown, the flash relay embedded in the base 14 constitutes a flash relay assembly 9. There are three terminals on the panel of the flash relay 9, which are labeled 49, 31, and 49a. After the flash relay is plugged in, the above three terminals are respectively connected to the terminal 49, terminal 31, and terminal 49a of the flash relay, which are used to operate the turn signal switch after the turn signal circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit.

[0060] like Fig.10 As shown, the left headlamp and the right headlamp embedded in the base 14 constitute a headlamp assembly 10. There are three terminals on the panel of the headlamp assembly 10, namely, a high beam terminal, a low beam terminal and a ground terminal. After the H4 halogen lamp bulb is plugged in, the three terminals are respectively connected to the high beam terminal, the low beam terminal and the ground terminal of the bulb, and are used to operate the light combination switch and the dimmer switch after the headlamp circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit;

[0061] like Fig.11 As shown, the left brake light and the right brake light embedded in the base 14 in the present invention constitute a brake light assembly 11. There are two terminals on the panel of the brake light assembly 11, namely a power supply terminal and a ground terminal. After the red LED bulb is plugged in, the above two terminals are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the ground terminal of the LED bulb, which are used to operate the brake light switch to verify the working principle of the circuit after the brake light circuit is correctly built. By reversing the power supply terminal and the ground terminal, the difference between the LED lamp and the ordinary halogen bulb can also be demonstrated to enrich the teaching content.

[0062] like Fig.12 As shown, the electric control experimental unit encapsulated in the base 14 of the present invention constitutes an electric control experimental unit module 12, which adopts a 51 single-chip microcomputer development board with 8 inputs and 8 outputs. The input end adopts an optical coupling interface circuit to realize the electrical isolation of the 12V switch signal and the 5V circuit of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end driving circuit controls the on and off of the relay to realize the control of the electrical equipment. The electric control experimental unit can simulate the teaching of the working principle and fault diagnosis of the current electric control automobile electrical system. The control program is completely independently written, and after debugging and compiling, it can be downloaded and burned into the chip, so that students can truly understand the underlying control logic and working principle of the electric control automobile electrical system.

[0063] like Fig.13 As shown in 14, the wire 13 used in the present invention adopts 2.5mm 2 The national standard soft copper wire is connected to the wire at both ends with a flat head large cover screw nut. A strong magnet with a middle hole is sandwiched between the screw nut. The magnet suction facilitates the rapid connection between the wire and the device terminal to complete the unit circuit construction. In addition, the magnets at both ends of the wire 13 can be used to quickly connect the devices. The unit circuits of the automotive electrical system can be simulated and built by referring to the circuit diagrams of different models to verify the circuit principles, help students clarify the circuit control relationship, and deeply understand the working principles;

[0064] A 5*20 cylindrical fuse holder is connected in series in the middle of some wires 13. When the inside is short-circuited, it can be used as a normal wire. When a high-power resistor is connected internally, it can simulate a poor line contact fault. When the inside is disconnected, it can simulate a circuit break fault. It is used for diagnosing and eliminating poor line contact and circuit break faults in the automotive electrical system during the teaching process.

[0065] Moreover, each terminal in the present invention is connected to the surface of the component through a wire in the form of a galvanized or nickel-plated steel screw, and the screw adopts a round large cover flat screw with a diameter of 10 mm. When the device is not connected to the circuit, the electrical characteristics of the device can be tested with the help of a multimeter. For example, the conductivity between the terminals of the ignition switch, light combination switch, turn signal switch, hazard warning light switch, window lift switch and other devices at different gears. During the teaching process, the device is adsorbed on the whiteboard in the form of a component, which is convenient for teachers to teach the knowledge related to the device function and demonstrate the functional test.

[0066] In addition, the working power supply used in the present invention in the above embodiment is a high-power switching power supply, which is powered by AC220V, outputs DC12V, has a power of 1000W, and can provide a stable high current to ensure that all electrical equipment can work reliably;

[0067] Fuse box 4 adopts 8-way independent insurance socket design, which is suitable for medium-sized plug-in insurance and can replace insurance of different specifications according to the actual circuit;

[0068] The ignition switch uses the Volkswagen Santana 3000 model ignition switch;

[0069] The light switch adopts the Volkswagen Santana 3000 light combination switch;

[0070] The dimmer switch uses a 2-pin 2-speed rocker switch with lock;

[0071] The reversing light switch uses a 2-pin 2-speed rocker switch with lock;

[0072] The brake light switch uses a 2-pin 2-speed non-locking rocker switch that can reset itself;

[0073] The horn switch adopts M16 round button self-reset switch;

[0074] The window lift switch uses the Santana 3000 single-control window lift switch;

[0075] The turn signal switch uses a four-pin three-speed self-locking knob switch;

[0076] The hazard warning light switch uses the original hazard warning light switch of Santana 3000;

[0077] The horn adopts DC12V universal car electric horn;

[0078] The left front parking light and the right front parking light both use DC12V single-tail flat-foot LED bulbs;

[0079] Both the left and right headlights use H4 bulbs with dual filaments for high and low beams;

[0080] The left and right front fog lamps both use DC12V, H11 bulbs;

[0081] The rear fog lamp uses a red LED bulb;

[0082] The left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, and right rear turn signal all use yellow halogen bulbs;

[0083] The left and right brake lights both use DC12V red LED bulbs; the reversing light uses DC12V white LED light;

[0084] The four-pin relay uses a 40A normally open relay;

[0085] The five-pin relay uses a 40A hybrid relay;

[0086] The flasher relay uses the No. 21 relay of Santana 3000 model;

[0087] The DC motor uses a miniature DC12V motor to simulate all electrical equipment on the car that uses a motor as a drive device. For example, a window lift circuit can be built in conjunction with a window lift switch.

[0088] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular teaching whiteboard for automobile electrical system, comprising a whiteboard (1), characterized in that: One side of the whiteboard (1) is adsorbed with an ignition switch, a light switch, a dimmer switch, a reversing light switch, a brake light switch, a horn switch, a window lifter switch, a turn signal switch, a hazard warning light switch, a horn, a left front parking light, a right front parking light, a left headlight, a right headlight, a left front fog light, a right front fog light, a rear fog light, a left front turn signal, a right front turn signal, a left rear turn signal, a right rear turn signal, a left brake light, a right brake light, a reversing light, a four-pin relay, a five-pin relay, a flash relay, a DC motor, an electronic control experimental unit, a working power supply and a fuse box (4); The whiteboard (1) is placed upright by wall hanging or bracket support, and is used for teaching demonstration.

2. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition switch, light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, horn switch, window lift switch, turn signal switch, hazard warning light switch, horn, left front parking light, right front parking light, left headlight, right headlight, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, left brake light, right brake light, reversing light, four-pin relay, five-pin relay, flasher relay, DC motor, electric control experimental unit, working power supply and fuse box (4) are respectively embedded in a plurality of independent bases (14), and four strong magnetic magnets (15) are installed on one side of each base (14) close to the whiteboard (1) for adsorbing the whiteboard (1).

3. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition switch embedded in the base (14) constitutes an ignition switch assembly (2). The panel of the ignition switch assembly (2) is provided with 6 terminals, which are numbered 30, 15, 50, P, X, and S respectively, and are connected to the terminals of the ignition switch inside the ignition switch assembly (2) through wires (13). A self-locking push button switch is connected in series between the terminal 15 on the panel and the terminal 15 of the ignition switch, which is used to set a fault of abnormal power supply of the terminal 15.

4. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, left front parking light, right front parking light, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn light, right front turn light, left rear turn light, right rear turn light, and reversing light are respectively embedded in different bases (14) to form a light combination switch assembly (3), each light combination switch assembly (3) is provided with 11 terminals on the panel, and the 11 terminals are respectively labeled NSL, NL, 56, Xr, Xz, 58d, 58, 30, 58, 58R, and 31. A self-locking switch is connected in series through a wire (13) between terminal 30 and a terminal of a device inside the base (14), between terminal 56 and a terminal of a device inside the base (14), between terminal Xr and a terminal of a device inside the base (14), and between terminal NSL and a terminal of a device inside the base (14) for setting a device fault. The above-mentioned device refers to one of the light switch, dimmer switch, reversing light switch, brake light switch, left front parking light, right front parking light, left front fog light, right front fog light, rear fog light, left front turn signal, right front turn signal, left rear turn signal, right rear turn signal, and reversing light.

5. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuse box (4) is formed by a fuse embedded in a base (14). The structure of the fuse box (4) is similar to that of the light combination switch assembly (3). An 80A normally open relay is arranged in the fuse box (4), and a self-locking switch with an indicator light is installed on the panel of the fuse box (4). Only when the switch is turned on will the normally open relay be attracted to output power to the positive terminal of the panel of the fuse box (4). At the same time, a grounding terminal is also provided on the panel of the fuse box (4).

6. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hazard warning light switch is embedded in the base (14) to form a hazard warning light assembly (5). The panel of the hazard warning light assembly (5) has seven terminals, which are numbered 30, 15, 49, 49a, 58d, L, and R. When the hazard warning light switch is disconnected or connected, the conductivity between terminal 49 and terminal 30 and terminal 15 is detected respectively, and the electrical characteristics of the hazard warning light switch are obtained through the conductivity between terminal 49a and terminal L and terminal R. A self-locking push button switch is connected in series between terminal 49 on the panel of the hazard warning light assembly (5) and terminal 49 of the hazard warning light switch, and between terminal 49a and terminal 49a of the hazard warning light switch, respectively, for setting the faults of abnormal power supply and abnormal signal output of the hazard warning light switch.

7. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left front turn signal lamp, the right front turn signal lamp, the left rear turn signal lamp and the right rear turn signal lamp embedded in the base (14) constitute a turn signal lamp switch assembly (6). The panel of the turn signal lamp switch assembly (6) has three terminals, which are labeled 49a, L and R respectively. When the turn signal lamp switch assembly (6) is operated to be placed in the off position, the left turn position and the right turn position respectively, the conductivity between the terminal 49a and the terminal L and the terminal R is detected to obtain the electrical characteristics of the turn signal switch.

8. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-pin relay embedded in the base (14) constitutes a four-pin relay assembly (7). The panel of the four-pin relay assembly (7) has four terminals, which are numbered 85, 86, 30, and 87. After the four-pin relay is plugged in, the four terminals are respectively connected to the terminals 85, 86, 30, and 87 of the four-pin relay, and are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the four-pin relay, and to detect the performance of the four-pin relay by applying a rated voltage across the coil to detect the conductivity between the relay switch side terminal 30 and the terminal 87; The five-pin relay embedded in the base (14) constitutes a five-pin relay assembly (8). The panel of the five-pin relay assembly (8) has five terminals, which are numbered 85, 86, 30, 87, and 87a. After the five-pin relay is plugged in, the five terminals are respectively connected to the terminals 85, 86, 30, 87, and 87a of the five-pin relay, and are used to detect the resistance value of the electromagnetic coil of the five-pin relay, and to detect the conductivity between the terminal 30 and the terminal 87, and the terminal 30 and the terminal 87a of the five-pin relay switch side by applying a rated voltage to both ends of the coil to detect the performance of the five-pin relay. The flash relay embedded in the base (14) constitutes a flash relay assembly (9). The panel of the flash relay (9) has three terminals, which are numbered 49, 31, and 49a. After the flash relay is plugged in, the three terminals are respectively connected to the terminal 49, the terminal 31, and the terminal 49a of the flash relay, so as to operate the turn signal switch to verify the working principle of the circuit after the turn signal circuit is correctly built.

9. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left headlamp and the right headlamp embedded in the base (14) constitute a headlamp assembly (10). The panel of the headlamp assembly (10) has three terminals, namely, a high beam terminal, a low beam terminal and a ground terminal. After the H4 halogen lamp is plugged in, the three terminals are respectively connected to the high beam terminal, the low beam terminal and the ground terminal of the lamp, and are used to operate the light combination switch and the dimmer switch after the headlamp circuit is correctly built to verify the working principle of the circuit; The left brake light and the right brake light embedded in the base (14) constitute a brake light assembly (11). The panel of the brake light assembly (11) has two terminals, namely, a power supply terminal and a ground terminal. After the red LED bulb is plugged in, the two terminals are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the ground terminal of the LED bulb, so as to operate the brake light switch to verify the working principle of the circuit after the brake light circuit is correctly built.

10. The automotive electrical system modular teaching whiteboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric control experimental unit encapsulated inside the base (14) constitutes an electric control experimental unit module (12), wherein the electric control experimental unit module (12) adopts a 51 single-chip microcomputer development board with 8 inputs and 8 outputs, wherein an optical coupling interface circuit is adopted at the input end to realize electrical isolation between a 12V switch signal and a 5V circuit of the single-chip microcomputer, and a driving circuit at the output end controls the on and off of a relay to realize control of an electric device.

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