Reflection type 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit, which belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, and structurally comprises a patch antenna unit, a first dielectric substrate, a metal floor printed on the back surface of the first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate and a power supply circuit at the bottom layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the bottom layer power supply circuit is connected with the top layer patch unit through a via hole, and the antenna loads a PIN diode through an embedded control circuit, thereby achieving the dynamic regulation and control of the reflection phase of the metasurface unit. Compared with a traditional phased-array antenna, due to the structural design, the performance of the metasurface antenna is improved, the purpose of low profile is achieved, the effect of size miniaturization of the metasurface antenna is achieved, and the metasurface antenna has the advantages of being low in cost, small in size, light in weight, high in efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, and in particular relates to a reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern wireless technology, phased array antennas are widely used in airborne and shipborne radar systems due to their advantages such as fast beam scanning speed, flexible pattern shaping, strong anti-interference ability and high tracking accuracy. Phased array antenna modules that are easy to integrate, scalable and miniaturized are an urgent need for modern multi-function radar systems. Reflector antennas are currently the most widely used type of satellite communication antennas due to their mature technology, light weight, simple structure and low cost. However, in the context of low-cost construction and operation, the above-mentioned antenna solutions have posed challenges to the development of modern communications due to their relatively large size, weight and profile, or their high construction costs.

[0003] In recent years, electromagnetic metasurfaces have attracted widespread attention, and related research and applications have flourished. The subwavelength phase modulation structure has good control performance on the phase of electromagnetic waves. Using the existing antenna as a feed source and combining the subwavelength phase modulation structure with the feed antenna can achieve dynamic control of the electromagnetic beam. The beam scanning antenna based on the metasurface has a relatively low cost and can achieve multiple functions through reasonable design. It can also be matched with existing antennas, which is more flexible and is expected to play an important role in the future antenna field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit to achieve low profile and miniaturization of the antenna.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit, comprising a patch antenna unit (1), a first dielectric substrate (2), a metal floor (3) printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate (1), a second dielectric substrate (4), and a power supply circuit (5) at the bottom layer, which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0007] The patch antenna unit (1) comprises a square patch (1-1) printed on the front of a first dielectric substrate (2), a PIN diode (1-2) and a strip branch (1-3); the strip branch 1-3 is connected to one side of the square patch;

[0008] The power supply circuit (5) comprises a fan-shaped patch (5-2) and an L-shaped branch (5-3) printed on the back of the second dielectric substrate (4); the short side end of the L-shaped branch 5-3 is connected to the center of the fan-shaped patch;

[0009] The end of the strip branch 1-3 is connected to the center of the fan-shaped patch 5-2 through the second via 5-1; one end of the PIN diode 1-2 is connected to the square patch, and the other end is connected to the metal floor 3 through the metal via 1-4.

[0010] Furthermore, the material of the square patch is metal.

[0011] Furthermore, the strip branches (1-3) are rectangular.

[0012] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate (2), the metal floor (3) and the second dielectric substrate (4) all have square unit boundaries with the same side length.

[0013] Furthermore, the first dielectric substrate (2) is made of an Arlon AD255 plate material having a relative dielectric constant of 2.55, and the second dielectric substrate (4) is made of an FR4 plate material having a relative dielectric constant of 4.4.

[0014] Furthermore, the second via hole (5-1) is connected to the top of the L-shaped branch (5-2).

[0015] Furthermore, the opening angle of the sector-shaped patch (5-3) is 56°, and the symmetry line of the sector-shaped patch passing through the center of the circle is parallel to the long side of the L-shaped branch 5-3.

[0016] Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The metasurface antenna unit provided by the present invention loads a PIN diode through an embedded control circuit to achieve dynamic control of the reflection phase of the metasurface unit, and finally realizes a digital metasurface phased array antenna. Compared with the traditional phased array antenna, it has the characteristics of low cost, small size, light weight, and high efficiency. The metasurface unit structure adopted by the present invention has low loss, and the working bandwidth of the metasurface unit has been further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the super surface unit of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a top view of the supersurface unit structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a rear cross-sectional view of the supersurface unit structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a side view of the super surface unit structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5is a relationship diagram between the reflection amplitude and the working state of the PIN diode of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a relationship diagram between the reflection phase and the working state of the PIN diode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, but should include all the contents in the claims. Moreover, those skilled in the art can implement all the contents in the claims from the following embodiment.

[0025] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0026] A reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit; comprising a patch antenna unit 1, a first dielectric substrate 2, a metal floor 3 printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 4 and a power supply circuit 5 at the bottom layer, which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top;

[0027] The patch antenna unit is composed of a rectangular metal structure (square patch) 1-1 printed on the front of the first dielectric substrate, a PIN diode 1-2, a rectangular branch (strip branch) 1-3 connecting the rectangular metal structure (square patch) and the second via 5-1, and a metal via 1-4 passing through the first dielectric substrate;

[0028] The long side of the rectangular metal structure 1-1 is 6.5 mm, and the short side is 5 mm. The rectangular branch 1-3 connecting the rectangular metal structure 1-1 and the second via 5-1 has a long side of 0.45 mm and a short side of 0.3 mm, and the center of the short side of the branch is located at the center of the long axis of the rectangular metal structure. The diameter of the metal via 1-4 is 0.2 mm.

[0029] The first dielectric substrate 2, the metal floor 3 and the second dielectric substrate 4 are all square units with a side length of 12 mm. The first dielectric substrate 2 is Arlon AD255 with a relative dielectric constant of 2.55 and a thickness of 1.58 mm. The second dielectric substrate 4 is FR4 with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0030] The power supply circuit 5 is composed of a second via 5-1 passing through the first dielectric substrate 2, the metal floor 3 and the second dielectric substrate 4, a fan-shaped patch 5-2 printed on the back of the second dielectric substrate 4 and an L-shaped branch 5-3. The second via 5-1 is connected to the top of the short side 5-2 of the L-shaped branch. The long side of the L-shaped branch is 10 mm, the short side is 3.6 mm, and the width is 0.3 mm. The radius of the fan-shaped patch 5-3 is 3 mm, the opening angle is 56°, and the angle between the fan-shaped patch 5-3 and the short side of the L-shaped branch is 90°.

[0031] The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit can achieve a 180° change in the reflection phase of the unit by adjusting the on-off of the PIN diode 1-2 through the DC bias circuit 5.

[0032] The above metasurface antenna unit is simulated and tested. Figure 5 This is the relationship between the reflection amplitude and the working state of the PIN diode. When the diode on the metasurface unit is turned on and off, the reflection amplitude of the metasurface antenna unit is within -3.5dB in the frequency range of 11.5-11.7GHz, and the loss is small. Figure 6 The figure is the relationship between the reflection phase and the working state of the PIN diode. When the PIN diode on the metasurface unit is turned on and off, the metasurface antenna unit can achieve a phase shift range of 180°±15° in the frequency band of 11.47-11.72GHz. By switching the working state of the PIN diode integrated on the antenna, a 1-bit programmable "1" and "0" unit with a reflection phase difference of 180° is obtained.

[0033] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the structure and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit, characterized in that: It comprises a patch antenna unit (1), a first dielectric substrate (2), a metal floor (3) printed on the back of the first dielectric substrate (1), a second dielectric substrate (4) and a power supply circuit (5) at the bottom layer, which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; The patch antenna unit (1) comprises a square patch (1-1) printed on the front of a first dielectric substrate (2), a PIN diode (1-2) and a strip branch (1-3); the strip branch (1-3) is connected to one side of the square patch; The power supply circuit (5) comprises a fan-shaped patch (5-2) and an L-shaped branch (5-3) printed on the back of the second dielectric substrate (4); the short side end of the L-shaped branch (5-3) is connected to the center of the fan-shaped patch; The end of the strip branch (1-3) is connected to the center of the fan-shaped patch (5-2) through a second via hole (5-1); one end of the PIN diode (1-2) is connected to the square patch, and the other end is connected to the metal floor (3) through a metal via hole (1-4).

2. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the square patch is metal.

3. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strip branches (1-3) are rectangular.

4. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate (2), the metal floor (3) and the second dielectric substrate (4) all have square unit boundaries with the same side length.

5. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first dielectric substrate (2) is made of an Arlon AD255 plate material with a relative dielectric constant of 2.55, and the second dielectric substrate (4) is made of an FR4 plate material with a relative dielectric constant of 4.

4.

6. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second via hole (5-1) is connected to the top of the L-shaped branch (5-2).

7. The reflective 1-bit phase reconfigurable metasurface unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped patch (5-3) has an opening angle of 56°, and a symmetry line passing through the center of the fan-shaped patch is parallel to the long side of the L-shaped branch (5-3).

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