Cultivation method for introducing ziziphus mauritiana in northern saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for introducing ziziphus mauritiana in northern saline-alkali soil. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S01, spraying a modifier containing modified cinnamic acid into soil for soil improvement; s02, a winter warm type greenhouse heat preservation or heat preservation material is adopted for conducting heat preservation treatment on the jujube trees; s03, different water management measures are taken in different seasons; the method has the advantage that the survival rate of southern ziziphus mauritiana cultivated in northern alkaline soil is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating hairy-leaf jujube introduced into northern saline-alkali land. Background Art

[0002] Jujube is an important economic crop. Its fruits are rich in vitamin C, carotene, riboflavin, crude protein, cellulose, amino acids, calcium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, magnesium and flavonoids. They not only have high nutritional value, but also have the effects of enhancing immunity, protecting the liver, promoting digestion, and protecting the cardiovascular system.

[0003] The hairy-leaf jujube is native to India, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan and other places, and later spread to tropical and subtropical regions such as Vietnam and Africa. According to existing data, the hairy-leaf jujube was first introduced in the 1940s. After many generations of improvement and breeding, many excellent varieties have been cultivated, such as Biyun, Roulong, Telong, Huangguan, etc.

[0004] In 1997, the hairy-leaf jujube was introduced to the Leizhou Peninsula for cultivation. At present, it has been introduced and cultivated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Sichuan Basin, Chongqing, southern Guizhou, southern Jiangxi, southern Hunan, Yunnan, Hainan and other regions. The climatic conditions in the above regions are suitable for the growth of hairy-leaf jujube, and local farmers and agricultural institutions have improved the yield and quality of hairy-leaf jujube through continuous variety improvement and cultivation technology research. There are also reports that hairy-leaf jujube has been introduced to Jiangsu, Shandong, Beijing, Liaoning and other places for protected cultivation; Luanping County, Chengde City, Hebei Province has carried out a southern fruit planting experiment in a solar greenhouse; Jinzhou City Fruit Tree Work Station in Liaoning Province introduced green jujube for protected cultivation through Taiwanese businessmen; Linxiong County Forestry Bureau in Shandong Province introduced green jujube from Fujian in March 2001 for greenhouse high-temperature cultivation. Beijing Forestry University provided technical support, and the nursery of Beijing Changping Highway Bureau and Chaoyang Science and Technology Association of Liaoning Province introduced green jujube in plastic greenhouses for greenhouse cultivation experiments.

[0005] There are no reports of introducing hairy-leaf jujube to saline-alkali land at home and abroad. The attempt to introduce hairy-leaf jujube, which is native to tropical regions and prefers acidic soil, to the saline-alkali land around the Bohai Sea in the warm temperate zone in the north is an innovation in itself. The climate and soil conditions in the northern region are significantly different from the native environment of hairy-leaf jujube. How to make it grow normally in saline-alkali soil and low temperature environment in the north is a challenging topic. Research and develop efficient cultivation technology and ecological adaptability mechanism of hairy-leaf jujube suitable for saline-alkali land, explore soil improvement through orchard grass, and formulate supporting water and fertilizer management technology. The development and application of these technologies are of great significance to expanding the introduction and cultivation area of ​​hairy-leaf jujube, expanding the scale of the industry, and changing the layout of my country's fruit industry. In order to solve the existing problems, we propose a method for introducing hairy-leaf jujube in northern saline-alkali land.

[0006] The introduction of jujube from the south to the north and its adaptation from acidic soil to alkaline soil not only broadened the cultivation area of ​​jujube and improved its adaptability and stress resistance, but also enriched the fruit tree species and agricultural industrial structure in the north, providing farmers with a new way to increase their income, and promoting the exchange and progress of agricultural technology. This is of great significance for increasing the variety of fruit trees in the north and enriching the fruit market. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating jujube with hairy leaves introduced into saline-alkali land in northern China, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for cultivating jujube with hairy leaves in saline-alkali land in northern China, the cultivation method comprising:

[0010] S01: spraying an amendment containing modified cinnamic acid into the soil for soil improvement;

[0011] S02: Use winter-warm greenhouse insulation or insulation materials to insulate the hairy-leaf jujube trees;

[0012] S03: Take different water management measures in different seasons.

[0013] Preferably, the components of the improver include by weight:

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] Preferably, the molecular formula of the modified cinnamic acid is:

[0017]

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of modified cinnamic acid comprises:

[0019] T1: 3-4 parts of titanium acetate, 2-8 parts of alanine, and 90-130 parts of water are prepared into solution a according to weight ratio, and solution a is added into a reactor. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled and filtered, and distilled water is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product 1. The crude product 1 is then separated and purified by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate 1;

[0020] T2: 3-6 parts of intermediate 1, 5-9 parts of cinnamic acid, 1-2 parts of benzophenone and 40-70 parts of water are weighed according to weight ratio to prepare solution b, and solution b is added into a reaction kettle. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled and distilled water is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a crude product 2. The crude product 2 is then separated and purified by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dried to obtain modified cinnamic acid.

[0021] Preferably, the reaction conditions of T1 are 60-100°C and 0.5-3h; the reaction conditions of T2 are 80-120°C and 1-4h.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation method of the improver is:

[0023] The method comprises the steps of putting modified cinnamic acid, putrescine, spermidine, spermine, brassinosteroid, glycine betaine and water into an emulsifier for emulsification.

[0024] Preferably, the rotation speed of the emulsifier is 500-1000 r / min, and the emulsification time is 10-30 min.

[0025] Preferably, the method for soil improvement comprises:

[0026] S1: From June to August, each jujube tree is fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal by hole application or circular ditch application, and the amendment is added; after applying the amendment, water it thoroughly within 3 days, and water it again within 10 days;

[0027] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0028] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0029] S4: In November, use furrow application to apply well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizer to the hairy-leaved jujube trees, then cover with a layer of processed reed straw and spray with improver.

[0030] Preferably, the amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used in S1 is 1-2 kg / plant, and the amount of the improver used is 20-35 g / plant; the amount of animal manure such as cow dung, sheep dung or finished organic fertilizer used in S4 is 1-1.5 tons / mu, the amount of reed straw used is 0.5-0.8 tons / mu, and the dosage of the improver is 1.5-2 kg / plant.

[0031] Preferably, when water management measures are taken in step S3, the soil moisture content of the jujube trees during the flowering and young fruiting stages does not exceed 80%, and the trees are watered thoroughly by the end of October.

[0032] Preferably, when watering the jujube trees in spring, do not water unless the ground is dry, and when watering, water thoroughly.

[0033] Preferably, the reed straw is processed by cutting the reed straw into 20-30 cm long segments after harvesting, and soaking the segments in dihydrogen phosphate except sodium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate for 48-36 hours, wherein the concentration of the dihydrogen phosphate is 3.5-5.0%.

[0034] Preferably, the cultivation method also includes a disease and insect pest control process, and the disease and insect pest control includes rust, charcoal maggot disease, aphids, and red spiders.

[0035] Preferably, the cultivation method also includes a pruning and shaping process, in which the main trunk or main branch is often heavily pruned in spring, cutting off 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the crown. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected on the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches.

[0036] Preferably, the cultivation method also includes a ring cutting process during flowering, and the method of ring cutting during flowering is: the ring cutting process during flowering is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the trunk or main branch is selected for ring cutting, and the width of the ring cutting is 1 / 12-1 / 9 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0037] Preferably, the cultivation method also includes a process of pinching the tips during flowering, wherein the pinching position during flowering is above the newly grown 5-7 leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off using pruning shears or fingers.

[0038] Preferably, the cultivation method also includes an autumn pinching process, and the objects of pinching in the autumn pinching process are new branches of the jujube that grow too vigorously.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the survival rate of the southern hairy-leaf jujube is high after being cultivated in the northern alkaline soil.

[0040] The following will be combined with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Binzhou was selected as the planting site.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] Preparation of improver:

[0044] T1: 3 parts of titanium acetate, 2 parts of alanine and 90 parts of water are prepared into solution a according to the weight ratio. The reaction conditions are temperature 60°C and time 0.5h. Solution a is put into a reactor. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled and filtered. The distilled water is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product 1. The crude product 1 is then separated and purified by column chromatography and finally vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate 1.

[0045] T2: Weigh 3 parts of intermediate 1, 5 parts of cinnamic acid, 1 part of benzophenone and 40 parts of water according to the weight ratio to prepare solution b, put solution b into the reactor, the reaction condition is 80℃, the time is 1h, after the reaction is completed, cool and evaporate to remove distilled water to obtain crude product 2, then separate and purify the crude product 2 by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dry to obtain modified cinnamic acid.

[0046] T3: 5 parts of modified cinnamic acid, 5 parts of putrescine, 10 parts of spermidine, 2 parts of spermine, 3 parts of brassinolide steroid, 2 parts of glycine betaine and 40 parts of water were put into an emulsifier and emulsified for 10 minutes at a speed of 500 r / min.

[0047] Reed straw processing:

[0048] After harvesting the reed straw, it was cut into 20 cm long segments and soaked in 3.5% diammonium phosphate for 48 hours.

[0049] Cultivation of jujube:

[0050] S1: In June, each hairy-leaf jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 1 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 20 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days.

[0051] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0052] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0053] S4: In November, the hairy-leaf jujube trees are fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrows. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers is 1 ton / mu. Then cover them with a layer of treated reed straw. The amount of reed straw is 0.8 ton / mu, and the improver is sprayed at a dosage of 1.5kg / plant.

[0054] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are heavily pruned, and 1 / 3 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, several strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0055] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 50%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 5 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring-cut is 1 / 12 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0056] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 40% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0057] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] Preparation of improver:

[0060] T1: 4 parts of titanium acetate, 8 parts of alanine and 130 parts of water are prepared into solution a according to weight ratio, and the reaction conditions are temperature 100°C and time 3 hours, and solution a is put into a reactor. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled and filtered, and the distilled water is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product 1. The crude product 1 is then separated and purified by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate 1;

[0061] T2: Weigh 6 parts of intermediate 1, 9 parts of cinnamic acid, 2 parts of benzophenone and 70 parts of water according to the weight ratio to prepare solution b, put solution b into the reactor, the reaction condition is 120℃, the time is 4h, after the reaction is completed, cool and evaporate to remove distilled water to obtain crude product 2, then separate and purify the crude product 2 by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dry to obtain modified cinnamic acid.

[0062] Reed straw processing:

[0063] After harvesting the reed straw, it was cut into 30 cm long segments and soaked in 5.0% magnesium dihydrogen phosphate for 36 hours.

[0064] Cultivation of jujube:

[0065] S1: In August, each hairy-leaf jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 2 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 35 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days.

[0066] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0067] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0068] S4: In November, the hairy-leaf jujube trees are fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrows. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers is 1.5 tons / mu. Then cover them with a layer of treated reed straw. The amount of reed straw is 0.5 tons / mu, and the improver is sprayed at a dosage of 2kg / plant.

[0069] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are pruned heavily, and 1 / 2 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0070] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 60%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 7 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring is 1 / 9 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0071] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 70% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0072] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0073] Embodiment 3:

[0074] Preparation of improver:

[0075] T1: 3.5 parts of titanium acetate, 4 parts of alanine and 100 parts of water are prepared into solution a according to the weight ratio. The reaction conditions are temperature 80°C and time 2 hours. Solution a is put into a reactor. After the reaction is completed, it is cooled and filtered. The distilled water is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product 1. The crude product 1 is then separated and purified by column chromatography and finally vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate 1.

[0076] T2: Weigh 4 parts of intermediate 1, 6 parts of cinnamic acid, 1.2 parts of benzophenone and 50 parts of water according to the weight ratio to prepare solution b, put solution b into the reactor, the reaction condition is 110℃, the time is 2h, after the reaction is completed, cool and evaporate to remove distilled water to obtain crude product 2, then separate and purify the crude product 2 by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dry to obtain modified cinnamic acid.

[0077] T3: 7 parts of modified cinnamic acid, 6 parts of putrescine, 15 parts of spermidine, 3 parts of spermine, 4 parts of brassinolide steroid, 4 parts of glycine betaine and 50 parts of water were put into an emulsifier and emulsified for 16 minutes at a speed of 800 r / min.

[0078] Reed straw processing:

[0079] After harvesting the reed straw, it was cut into 25 cm long segments and soaked in 4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 40 hours.

[0080] Cultivation of jujube:

[0081] S1: In July, each hairy-leaved jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 1.5 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 25 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days;

[0082] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0083] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0084] S4: In November, the hairy-leaf jujube trees were fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrows. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers was 1.2 tons per mu. Then they were covered with a layer of treated reed straw at a dosage of 0.6 tons per mu, and the improver was sprayed at a dosage of 1.8 kg per plant.

[0085] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are heavily pruned, and 2 / 5 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0086] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 80%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 6 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring is 1 / 10 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0087] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 80% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0088] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0089] Comparative Example 1:

[0090] Preparation of modifier:

[0091] 7 parts of cinnamic acid, 6 parts of putrescine, 15 parts of spermidine, 3 parts of spermine, 4 parts of brassinosteroid, 4 parts of glycine betaine and 50 parts of water were put into an emulsifier according to weight ratio, and the emulsifier was emulsified at 800 r / min for 16 minutes.

[0092] Reed straw processing:

[0093] After harvesting the reed straw, it was cut into 25 cm long segments and soaked in 4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 40 hours.

[0094] Cultivation of jujube:

[0095] S1: In July, each hairy-leaved jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 1.5 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 25 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days;

[0096] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0097] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0098] S4: In November, the hairy-leaf jujube trees were fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrows. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers was 1.2 tons per mu. Then they were covered with a layer of treated reed straw at a dosage of 0.6 tons per mu, and the improver was sprayed at a dosage of 1.8 kg per plant.

[0099] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are heavily pruned, and 2 / 5 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0100] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 80%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 6 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring is 1 / 10 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0101] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 80% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0102] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0103] Comparative Example 2:

[0104] According to the weight ratio, 6 parts of putrescine, 15 parts of spermidine, 3 parts of spermine, 4 parts of brassinosteroid, 4 parts of glycine betaine and 50 parts of water were put into an emulsifier, and the emulsification was carried out at 800 r / min for 16 minutes.

[0105] Reed straw processing:

[0106] After harvesting the reed straw, it was cut into 25 cm long segments and soaked in 4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 40 hours.

[0107] Cultivation of jujube:

[0108] S1: In July, each hairy-leaved jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 1.5 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 25 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days;

[0109] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0110] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0111] S4: In November, the hairy-leaf jujube trees were fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrows. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers was 1.2 tons per mu. Then they were covered with a layer of treated reed straw at a dosage of 0.6 tons per mu, and the improver was sprayed at a dosage of 1.8 kg per plant.

[0112] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are heavily pruned, and 2 / 5 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0113] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 80%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 6 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring is 1 / 10 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0114] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 80% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0115] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0116] Comparative Example 3:

[0117] According to the weight ratio, 6 parts of putrescine, 15 parts of spermidine, 3 parts of spermine, 4 parts of brassinosteroid, 4 parts of glycine betaine and 50 parts of water were put into an emulsifier, and the emulsification was carried out at 800 r / min for 16 minutes.

[0118] Cultivation of jujube:

[0119] S1: In July, each hairy-leaved jujube tree was fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal in holes or circular grooves, and the modifier was added at the same time. The amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used was 1.5 kg per plant, and the amount of modifier used was 25 g per plant. After applying the modifier, water was irrigated once within 3 days, and the second watering was done within 10 days;

[0120] S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland;

[0121] S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree;

[0122] S4: In November, the jujube trees were fertilized with well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers in the furrow application method. The amount of cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizers was 1.2 tons per mu, and the improver was sprayed at a dosage of 1.8 kg per plant.

[0123] In spring, the main trunk or main branches are heavily pruned, and 2 / 5 of the crown is cut off. At the same time, multiple strong buds or branches are selected from the main trunk to be cultivated as new main branches. When watering the jujube tree in spring, do not water it unless the ground is dry, and water it thoroughly when you do.

[0124] During the flowering period, the soil moisture content is 80%, and the hairy-leaf jujube is pinched and ring-cut. The pinching position during the flowering period is above the 6 new leaves, and the top of the new shoot is pinched off with pruning shears or fingers; the ring-cutting is carried out during the initial flowering period of the hairy-leaf jujube, and the smooth part of the main trunk or main branch is selected for ring-cutting. The width of the ring is 1 / 10 of the diameter of the jujube trunk.

[0125] In autumn, the soil moisture content is 80% during the young fruit stage, but it is necessary to water thoroughly at the end of October and pinch the tips of the hairy-leaf jujube. The objects of pinching in autumn are the new branches that grow too vigorously.

[0126] In winter, the jujube trees are insulated by winter-warm greenhouse insulation or thermal insulation materials.

[0127] Five groups of hairy-leaf jujube trees were taken in Binzhou, Shandong, with 20 trees in each group, and cultivated using the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3. Except for the different modifiers applied, the other management measures of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-2 were the same. Except for not using reeds, the other methods of Comparative Example 3 were the same as those of Comparative Example 2. After the test, the state of each tree was observed and the survival rate was calculated.

[0128] Table 1 Cultivation results

[0129]

[0130] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the survival rates of Examples 1 to 3 are all above 80%, and those of Examples 1 and 2 are above 90%.

[0131] By comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the survival rate of Comparative Example 1 is significantly reduced compared with Examples 1, 2 and 3.

[0132] By comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the survival rate of Comparative Example 2 is significantly reduced compared with Examples 1, 2 and 3.

[0133] By comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 3, it can be seen that the survival rate of Comparative Example 3 is 50% lower than that of the comparative example.

[0134] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described (see the above detailed description for details), it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land, characterized by: The process of the cultivation method comprises: S01: spraying an amendment containing modified cinnamic acid into the soil for soil improvement; S02: Use winter-warm greenhouse insulation or insulation materials to insulate the hairy-leaf jujube trees; S03: Take different water management measures in different seasons.

2. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the improver include by weight:

3. A method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The molecular formula of the modified cinnamic acid is:

4. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified cinnamic acid comprises: T1: 3-4 parts of titanium acetate, 2-8 parts of alanine, and 90-130 parts of water are prepared into solution a according to weight ratio, and solution a is added into a reactor. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled and filtered, and distilled water is removed from the filtrate to obtain a crude product 1. The crude product 1 is then separated and purified by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dried to obtain an intermediate 1; T2: 3-6 parts of intermediate 1, 5-9 parts of cinnamic acid, 1-2 parts of benzophenone and 40-70 parts of water are weighed according to weight ratio to prepare solution b, and solution b is added into a reaction kettle. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled and distilled water is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain a crude product 2. The crude product 2 is then separated and purified by column chromatography, and finally vacuum dried to obtain modified cinnamic acid.

5. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction conditions of T1 are 60-100° C. and 0.5-3 h. The reaction conditions of T2 are 80-120° C. and 1-4 h.

6. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil improvement method comprises: S1: From June to August, each jujube tree is fertilized with decomposed soybean meal or peanut meal by hole application or circular ditch application, and the amendment is added; after applying the amendment, water it thoroughly within 3 days, and water it again within 10 days; S2: Preserve or replant herbaceous plants in the date garden to form natural grassland; S3: mow the grass and cover it under the tree; S4: In November, use furrow application to apply well-rotted cow dung, sheep dung or other animal manure or finished organic fertilizer to the hairy-leaved jujube trees, then cover with a layer of processed reed straw and spray with improver.

7. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, the amount of soybean meal or peanut meal used is 1-2 kg / plant, and the amount of improver used is 20-35 g / plant; In S4, the dosage of animal manure such as cow dung, sheep dung or finished organic fertilizer is 1-1.5 tons / mu, the dosage of reed straw is 0.5-0.8 tons / mu, and the dosage of the improver is 1.5-2 kg / plant.

8. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: When water management measures are taken in step S3, the soil moisture content of the jujube trees during the flowering and young fruiting stages does not exceed 80%, and the trees are watered thoroughly at the end of October.

9. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: When watering jujube trees in spring, do not water unless the ground is dry, and if you do water, water thoroughly.

10. The method for cultivating jujube in northern saline-alkali land according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reed straw treatment method comprises the following steps: cutting the reed straw into segments of 20-30 cm in length after harvesting the reed straw, and soaking the segments in dihydrogen phosphate except for sodium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate for 48-36 hours, wherein the concentration of the dihydrogen phosphate is 3.5-5.0%.

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