Pipe cleaner blocking positioning method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline cleaner tracking and positioning and the like, in particular to a pipe cleaner blocking positioning method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, connecting optical fiber vibration detection equipment with an optical fiber in a communication optical cable laid in the same trench of a pipeline; step 2, the pressurization equipment keeps continuously inputting a medium into the pipeline; 3, performing data processing and display by the optical fiber vibration detection equipment; step 4, the pressurization equipment starts to slowly increase the pressure, and the optical fiber vibration detection equipment records a vibration signal e which is gradually enhanced; 5, closing the pressurizing equipment, and recording the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e by the optical fiber vibration detection equipment; and 6, the ground is knocked along the pipeline, and when the knocking signal position coincides with the recording position La, the position below the ground knocking position corresponds to the clamping and blocking position of the pipe cleaner. The blocking positioning difficulty of the pipe cleaner is greatly reduced, the positioning time is greatly shortened, and the pipeline production and operation safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of pipeline transportation, pipeline pig tracking and positioning, and in particular to a method and device for positioning a pig stuck. Background Art

[0002] Oil and gas pipelines are responsible for the transportation of oil and gas energy materials in my country and are known as the arteries of the national economy. In recent years, pipeline transportation has been valued and developed globally for its safety, economy and speed, and has become one of the five major means of transportation alongside railways, highways, aviation and water transportation. The development of pipeline transportation is of great significance for petroleum and petrochemical enterprises to further optimize the internal allocation of crude oil resources, accelerate the utilization of foreign crude oil resources, reduce operating costs, participate in international competition and improve the quality of national economic operation.

[0003] Pipe cleaning is an important task before long-distance oil and gas pipelines are put into operation or during operation, which can ensure the normal operation of the pipeline and improve the transportation efficiency. For newly built pipelines, the main purpose of pipe cleaning is to remove various debris in the pipeline; for pipelines that have been put into operation, the purpose is to remove wax, scale, water and dust. Pipe cleaning devices are important equipment for pipe cleaning operations. Once a blockage accident occurs, if the blockage position cannot be discovered in time and quickly and accurately located, it will lead to a longer troubleshooting time, which will affect the normal transportation of oil and gas, and even endanger the safety of the entire pipeline in serious cases. Therefore, pig tracking and positioning is a necessary technology to ensure the smooth completion of pipe cleaning operations.

[0004] Traditionally, the location of a pig jam is achieved by using the electromagnetic transmitter it carries, and using an electromagnetic receiver to locate the jam. However, this method requires that the signal from the pig's electromagnetic transmitter be received within 20 to 30 meters directly above the pig in the pipeline. When a pig jams, it is necessary to carry the transmitter and walk along the line to find it. For a pig section of hundreds of kilometers, the workload is huge. Even if the range is narrowed during the tracking process, there is still a length of several kilometers. Especially for pipe sections that are difficult to walk in mountains, hills, gullies, etc., the work becomes more difficult and there are safety issues. This method will also result in a longer time to locate the jam. When the transmitter battery is exhausted, this method is no longer applicable and the pig is "lost". In addition, the pig's electromagnetic transmitter may malfunction, resulting in an inability to locate.

[0005] The existing optical fiber tracking and positioning technology for pipe cleaners also uses pipeline accompanying optical cables to achieve pipe cleaning tracking and positioning. This method is to track and obtain the position of the pipe cleaner in real time. When the pipe cleaner is stuck during operation, the current operation of the pipe cleaner is known, which is the stuck position. However, if the pipe cleaner is stuck without using pipeline accompanying optical cables for tracking, there is nothing that can be done because all the states of the current pig jam are unknown. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for locating the pig blockage, which can accurately locate the pig blockage, shorten the time for locating the pig blockage, reduce the loss caused by the blockage, and reduce the risk of accidents.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is as follows: A method for locating a pig jam, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Connect the optical fiber vibration detection device to the optical fiber in the communication optical cable laid in the same trench as the pipeline;

[0009] Step 2: The pressurizing device continuously inputs the medium into the pipeline;

[0010] Step 3: The optical fiber in the communication optical cable senses the vibration signal along the pipeline and transmits the vibration signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device for data processing and display;

[0011] Step 4: The pressurizing device starts to slowly increase the pressure. As the pressure increases, the optical fiber vibration detection device records the gradually increasing vibration signal e;

[0012] Step 5, turn off the pressurizing device, stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e;

[0013] Step six, starting from the installation position of the fiber optic vibration detection equipment, knock on the ground along the pipeline. The fiber optic vibration detection equipment collects the knocking vibration signal and determines the knocking signal position. When the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the ground knocking position corresponds to the blocked position of the pipe cleaner.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the method for locating a pig jam solves the problem of locating a pig after a pig jam occurs, greatly reduces the difficulty of locating a pig jam, greatly shortens the positioning time, reduces the cost of locating a pig jam, and ensures the safety of pipeline production and operation; the present invention can directly locate the surface position corresponding to the pig jam position for buried pipelines, accurately locates the buried pipeline, and is conducive to rapid repair; the method for locating a pig jam is simple and requires fewer operators; the present invention can quickly complete the positioning of the pipeline after the pig jams for the pipeline whose pipeline mileage and optical cable mileage are aligned, greatly shortens the positioning time, and ensures the safety of pipeline transportation; the present invention does not require the additional use of an electromagnetic transmitter, can achieve positioning, and fills a technical gap.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0016] Furthermore, in step three, the optical fiber vibration detection device processes the vibration signal and displays it as a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the optical fiber vibration detection device displays a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, which can directly and conveniently determine the vibration position.

[0018] Furthermore, in the time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, the vibration signals at various positions are displayed simultaneously on each column according to time and are displayed by moving upward, with the upper time being earlier than the lower time.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the display is simple and intuitive, which facilitates the detection personnel to understand the vibration position information.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step 4, the optical fiber vibration detection device records all detected vibration signals including the gradually increasing vibration signal e, and the vibration intensity of the gradually increasing vibration signal e is distinguished by color.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the vibration intensity can be intuitively distinguished by color, and which vibration signals are enhanced according to the increase of the pressure in the pipeline can be intuitively distinguished.

[0022] Furthermore, in step six, the position of striking the ground is within 5m vertically above the pipeline.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is to ensure that a sufficiently strong knocking signal can be received by the optical fiber.

[0024] Furthermore, in step six, the method of knocking the ground is to knock the ground multiple times at intervals within each range.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that by tapping the ground at intervals for multiple times, it is easy to visually identify the tapping signal on the optical fiber vibration detection device.

[0026] Furthermore, the number of times the ground is struck within each range is greater than or equal to five times.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the number of times the ground is tapped within each range is greater than or equal to five times, which facilitates accurate confirmation of the tapping position.

[0028] Furthermore, the interval between multiple tapping of the ground within each range is greater than or equal to 1 second.

[0029] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the interval time between multiple knocks on the ground within each range is greater than or equal to 1s, so that the interval knocking signals can be accurately displayed on the optical fiber vibration detection device, thereby facilitating the identification and confirmation of the knocking signals.

[0030] Further, in step six, the ground is struck by a striking tool, and the striking tool includes a hammer.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the striking tool adopts a hammer, which is convenient to carry.

[0032] The present invention solves the above technical problems and also provides a device using a pig blocking positioning method, comprising:

[0033] A communication optical cable, wherein the communication optical cable is used for laying in the same trench as the pipeline, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline;

[0034] An optical fiber vibration detection device, which is connected to the optical fiber of the communication optical cable and is used to receive a vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and perform data processing and display on the vibration signal;

[0035] A pressurizing device, which is connected to the pipeline and is used to input a medium into the pipeline;

[0036] A knocking tool is used to knock on the ground around the pipeline along the line to form a knocking signal.

[0037] The beneficial effects of adopting the above scheme are: the device of the present invention has a simple structure, does not require an additional electromagnetic transmitter, can solve the problem of positioning the pipe cleaner after it is stuck, greatly reduces the difficulty of positioning the pipe cleaner, greatly shortens the positioning time, reduces the cost of positioning the pipe cleaner, and ensures the safety of pipeline production and operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A waterfall diagram displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step 3 of the method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 A waterfall diagram displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step 4 of the method of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A waterfall diagram displayed by the optical fiber vibration detection device in step six of the method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the device of the present invention;

[0043] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0044] 1. Pipe cleaner; 2. Pipeline; 3. Pipeline deformation position; 4. Fiber optic vibration detection equipment; 5. Communication optical cable; 6. Pressurization equipment; 7. Soil; 8. Tapping tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for locating a pig jam. When the pig 1 is running in the pipeline 2, due to factors such as the deformation of the pipeline 2, elbows, valves, etc., the pig 1 is jammed at the pipeline deformation position 3, elbows, valves, etc., and stays at position A in the pipeline 2. Because the pipeline 2 is buried underground, the ground position B corresponding to the jam of the pig 1 cannot be known at this time.

[0048] A method for locating a pig jam in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0049] S1, connect the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 to the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench as the pipeline 2, monitor the vibration along the pipeline 2, and generate Figure 2 The waterfall chart shown;

[0050] S2, the pressurizing device 6 keeps inputting the medium into the pipeline 2. When the transported medium passes through the blocked pig 1, the pig 1 and the pipeline 2 will vibrate, and the vibration signal will be transmitted to the communication optical cable 5 through the soil 7;

[0051] S3, the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 senses the vibration signal along the pipeline 2, and transmits the vibration signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 for data processing and display. The signal at the pig 1 is displayed as Figure 2 Signal a in the waterfall diagram shown in the figure is due to the long pipeline 2 line and the long monitoring distance. It may be caused by other normal vibration signals near pipeline 2. Figure 2 In the waterfall diagram, signals b, c, and d are the same as signal a, which makes it impossible to distinguish which one is the vibration signal of pig 1. Find all vibration signals similar to signal a as suspected signals of signal a.

[0052] S4, the pressurizing device 6 starts to slowly increase the pressure. As the pressure increases, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records the gradually enhanced vibration signal e. Specifically, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records all the detected vibration signals including the gradually enhanced vibration signal e, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vibration intensity of the gradually increasing vibration signal e is distinguished by color;

[0053] S5, turn off the pressurizing device 6, stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e;

[0054] S6, starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4, knock on the ground along the pipeline 2, the position of knocking on the ground is within 5m of the vertical position above the pipeline 2, the method of knocking on the ground is to knock on the ground multiple times in each section, the number of times the ground is knocked on in each section is greater than or equal to five times, and the interval time of multiple knocks on the ground in each section is greater than or equal to 1s. The optical fiber vibration detection device 4 collects the knocking vibration signal and determines the knocking signal position. The waterfall diagram of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 will be displayed as follows Figure 4 As shown in the signal f, when the position where the signal f appears coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the ground knocking corresponds to the blocked position of the pipe cleaner 1.

[0055] like Figure 2 , 3 4 shows a display interface composed of time and distance. After algorithm processing, as time goes by, the vibration signals at various positions are displayed on each line at the same time according to the time, and are displayed upward. The time above is earlier than the time below.

[0056] The signals a, b, c, and d are signals that are detected by the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 and displayed on the waterfall diagram due to the vibration source propagating to the communication optical cable 5.

[0057] The signal e is displayed in the waterfall diagram above when the pressure gradually changes and the signal intensity gradually changes.

[0058] The signal f is a signal generated by hitting the ground with a tool such as a hammer. Since there are intervals between the knocks, there will also be intervals in the signal.

[0059] In this embodiment, the positions of each signal in the waterfall diagram are displayed according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 In the figure, the positions of signal a, signal e and signal f are assumed to be the positions of pig 1. In actual operation, the signal may be at any position between signal b, signal c and signal d, or behind signal d.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment discloses a pig blocking positioning device, which specifically includes a communication optical cable 5, wherein the communication optical cable 5 is used for laying in the same trench as the pipeline 2, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5 is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline 2;

[0062] An optical fiber vibration detection device 4, the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 is connected to the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, and is used to receive the vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5, and perform data processing and display on the vibration signal;

[0063] A pressurizing device 6, which is connected to the pipeline 2 and is used to input a medium into the pipeline 2;

[0064] A knocking tool 8 is used to knock the ground around the pipeline 2 along the line to form a knocking signal.

[0065] In this embodiment, the pipe cleaner 1 is used to remove impurities in the pipeline 2. The pipe cleaner 1 is pushed forward by the oil and gas pressure in the pipeline 2 and pushes the impurities out of the pipeline 2, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning the pipeline 2.

[0066] The pipeline 2 is used to transport media such as oil, gas, chemicals, etc., but is not limited to the pipeline 2 for the listed media.

[0067] The pipeline deformation position 3 refers to the deformation position of the pipeline 2 caused by factors such as external force.

[0068] The optical fiber vibration detection device 4 refers to a device connected at one end of the optical fiber, which can detect the vibration signal at various distance positions of the optical fiber in real time based on the Rayleigh scattering principle, and can locate the length of the vibration position from the device installation position, which is the length of the optical cable.

[0069] The communication optical cable 5 is a communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench when the pipeline 2 is laid, or buried underground together with the pipeline 2, running parallel to the pipeline 2, and the distance between the two does not exceed 10m.

[0070] The pressurizing device 6 refers to a device for pressurizing the conveying medium, usually a compressor, a pump or the like.

[0071] The soil 7 refers to the soil 7 in which the pipeline 2 is buried or laid.

[0072] The striking tool 8 refers to a tool used to strike the ground to generate a vibration signal, and is usually but not limited to a hammer.

[0073] Working principle: Connect the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 to the optical fiber of the communication optical cable 5 laid in the same trench as the pipeline 2, monitor the vibration along the pipeline 2, and generate the following Figure 2 As shown in the waterfall diagram; the pressurizing device 6 maintains a relatively low pressure to transport the medium; when the transported medium passes through the blocked pig 1, it causes the pig 1 and the pipeline 2 to vibrate, and the vibration signal is transmitted to the communication optical cable 5 through the soil 7; the optical fiber in the communication optical cable 5 senses the vibration signal and transmits the signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 for data processing and display, which is displayed as Figure 2 Signal a in the waterfall diagram shown in the figure; because the pipeline 2 is long, the monitoring distance is also long, which may be caused by other normal vibration signals near pipeline 2. Figure 2In the waterfall diagram, signals b, c, and d are the same as signal a, which makes it impossible to distinguish which one is the vibration signal at the position of pig 1. Find all vibration signals similar to signal a as suspected signals of vibration signals; the pressurizing device 6 starts to increase the pressure slowly. As the pressure increases, the vibration signals generated by pig 1 and pipeline 2 will gradually increase, producing the following Figure 3 The signal e in the waterfall chart gradually becomes darker in color; Figure 3 In the vibration signal of the waterfall diagram, find the signal that meets the color gradient characteristics of signal e, determine it as the vibration signal to be found, and record the optical cable mileage or position La of the waterfall diagram; turn off the pressurizing device 6 and stop pressurizing, at which time the vibration signal disappears; because the optical cable mileage is inconsistent with the actual mileage of pipeline 2, the recorded optical cable mileage or position La is not the ground position B corresponding to the blockage of pipe cleaner 1, and it is necessary to find this position to excavate and remove the blocked pipe cleaner 1; starting from the installation position of the optical fiber vibration detection device 4, move along the direction of pipeline 2 within the vertical distance of 5m from pipeline 2, and use Figure 1 The knocking tool 8 knocks the ground, the knocking interval is 1s, the knocking number is greater than 5 times, and the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 waterfall will display as follows Figure 4 When the position where the signal f appears coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the ground tapping corresponds to the blocked position A of the pig 1. The blocked position of the pig 1 is thus located.

[0074] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0075] 1) The present invention can locate a pipe cleaner that does not carry an electromagnetic transmitter or has a transmitter failure, thus filling a technical gap.

[0076] 2) The present invention can realize the location of the stuck pipe cleaner 1 which has no clear range and is not tracked by the optical fiber vibration detection device 4 .

[0077] 3) The method for locating a pig 1 stuck in the present invention solves the problem of locating the pig 1 after it is stuck, greatly reduces the difficulty of locating the pig 1 stuck, greatly shortens the locating time, reduces the cost of locating the pig 1 stuck, and ensures the safe production and operation of the pipeline 2;

[0078] 4) The present invention can locate the blocked position of the pig 1 without resending the pig 1, thereby reducing the risk of the pig 1 being blocked again when being resent;

[0079] 5) The present invention can directly locate the buried pipeline 2 at the surface position corresponding to the blocked position of the pig 1, and the positioning is accurate, which is conducive to rapid repair;

[0080] 6) The method for locating the blockage of the pipe cleaning device 1 of the present invention is simple and requires fewer operators;

[0081] 7) The present invention does not require personnel to carry electromagnetic receivers and walk along the pipeline 2 to find the signal of the electromagnetic transmitter carried by the pig 1, as in the traditional jam location method. This reduces the difficulty and risk of work, especially for places such as mountainous areas and hills where personnel cannot or are not easy to enter;

[0082] 8) The present invention can quickly complete the positioning of the pipeline 2 after the pipeline cleaning device 1 is blocked, which greatly shortens the positioning time and ensures the transportation safety of the pipeline 2.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "length", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inside", "outside", "peripheral", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred system or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0085] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for locating a pig jam, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Connect the optical fiber vibration detection device to the optical fiber in the communication optical cable laid in the same trench as the pipeline; Step 2: The pressurizing device continuously inputs the medium into the pipeline; Step 3: The optical fiber in the communication optical cable senses the vibration signal along the pipeline and transmits the vibration signal to the optical fiber vibration detection device for data processing and display; Step 4: The pressurizing device starts to slowly increase the pressure. As the pressure increases, the optical fiber vibration detection device records the gradually increasing vibration signal e; Step 5, turn off the pressurizing device, stop pressurizing, and the optical fiber vibration detection device records the mileage or position La of the disappeared vibration signal e; Step six, starting from the installation position of the fiber optic vibration detection equipment, knock on the ground along the pipeline. The fiber optic vibration detection equipment collects the knocking vibration signal and determines the knocking signal position. When the knocking signal position coincides with the recorded position La, the position below the ground knocking position corresponds to the blocked position of the pipe cleaner.

2. A method for locating a pig jam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the optical fiber vibration detection device processes the vibration signal and displays it as a time-distance vibration waterfall diagram.

3. A method for locating a pig jam according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the time-distance vibration waterfall diagram, the vibration signals at various positions are displayed simultaneously on each column according to time and displayed by moving upward, with the upper time being earlier than the lower time.

4. A method for locating a pig jam according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 4, the optical fiber vibration detection device records all detected vibration signals including the gradually increasing vibration signal e, and the vibration intensity of the gradually increasing vibration signal e is distinguished by color.

5. A method for locating a pig jam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In step six, the position of striking the ground is within 5m vertically above the pipeline.

6. A method for locating a pig jam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In step six, the method of knocking the ground is to knock the ground repeatedly at intervals within each range.

7. A method for locating a pig jam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of times the ground is struck within each range is greater than or equal to five times.

8. A method for locating a pig jam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interval between multiple taps on the ground within each range is greater than or equal to 1s.

9. A method for locating a pig jam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the step six, the ground is struck by a striking tool, wherein the striking tool comprises a hammer.

10. A device using any one of the above pig blocking positioning methods 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A communication optical cable, wherein the communication optical cable is used for laying in the same trench as the pipeline, and the optical fiber of the communication optical cable is used for sensing vibration signals along the pipeline; An optical fiber vibration detection device, which is connected to the optical fiber of the communication optical cable and is used to receive a vibration signal transmitted by the optical fiber of the communication optical cable, and perform data processing and display on the vibration signal; A pressurizing device, which is connected to the pipeline and is used to input a medium into the pipeline; A knocking tool is used to knock on the ground around the pipeline along the line to form a knocking signal.

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