Axle machining system and method capable of achieving automatic feeding and discharging

Abstract

The invention provides an axle machining system and method capable of achieving automatic feeding and discharging, and the axle machining system capable of achieving automatic feeding and discharging comprises an axle, a numerical control lathe, a headstock center, a tailstock center and a plurality of positioning mechanisms. The invention further discloses an axle machining method for achieving automatic feeding and discharging. The axle machining method comprises an axle automatic feeding method and an axle automatic discharging method. The production efficiency and the machining precision of the axle can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of axle processing, and in particular to an axle processing system and method for realizing automatic loading and unloading. Background Art

[0002] As the key core component of CNC lathes, lathe centers are mainly used to support and clamp workpieces and are widely used in metal processing, automobile manufacturing, aerospace and other fields. As an important device for processing and production, truss manipulators replace some of the physical work of operators. With the continuous improvement of intelligent manufacturing technology and industrial needs, traditional lathe centers cannot meet production needs, and truss manipulators are mostly manually controlled by operators, with low processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] In addition, the existing technical solutions have poor automation capabilities. When processing rotating parts, the lathe center needs to be manually adjusted or replaced. The coaxiality of the rotating parts cannot be guaranteed during secondary clamping. At the same time, the lathe center cannot be combined with other equipment (such as truss robots), resulting in the equipment being in non-processing procedures for a long time, directly affecting the production efficiency of the production line and increasing enterprise costs.

[0004] In order to improve production efficiency and processing accuracy, it is urgent to transform the structure of the traditional lathe center, integrate sensor technology, communicate with the truss robot, build an axle processing system with automatic loading and unloading functions, and design an axle processing method applied to the above system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the technical problems raised above, a system and method for machining an axle for automatic loading and unloading is provided.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, an axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading includes: an axle; a center hole and a plurality of process holes evenly surrounding the center hole are opened on both end faces of the axle, and the axis of the process hole is parallel to the axis of the center hole; a CNC lathe; the CNC lathe can process the axle; a headstock top; the headstock top is coaxially installed on the headstock of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the headstock top can be fitted with the side wall of the center hole; a tailstock top; the tailstock top is coaxially installed on the tailstock of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the tailstock top can be fitted with the side wall of the center hole; and also includes: a plurality of positioning mechanisms; the positioning mechanism includes a spring , a stop pin and a pressure sensor, one end of the spring is installed on the stop pin, the axis of the stop pin and the axis of the spring are located in the same straight line, and the signal input end of the pressure sensor is connected to the spring; the number of the positioning mechanisms is consistent with the number of process holes on one end face of the axle, and the several positioning mechanisms are installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe and are evenly surrounded outside the top of the head seat; the axis of the spring is parallel to the axis of the top of the head seat, and the end of the spring away from the stop pin is installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the stop pin can be fitted with the side wall of the process hole, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the signal input end of the CNC lathe.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting seat, and the head seat top and the end of the spring away from the stop pin are both mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe through the mounting seat; a plurality of guide grooves are opened on the mounting seat; the head seat top is mounted on the mounting seat, and the end of the spring away from the stop pin is mounted on the closed end of the guide groove, the side wall of the stop pin is in contact with the side wall of the guide groove, and the mounting seat is mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the mounting seat; a sealing cover is detachably installed at the open end of the mounting groove; the mounting groove is connected to the guide groove, the pressure sensor is installed in the mounting groove, and the signal input end of the pressure sensor is connected to the spring through the connection between the mounting groove and the guide groove.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a mechanical chuck, and the mounting base is installed on the headstock of the CNC lathe through the mechanical chuck; a plurality of slots are opened on the mounting base, and the number of the slots is consistent with the number of movable claws of the mechanical chuck, and the movable claws of the mechanical chuck are one-to-one corresponding and detachably installed in the slots, and the chuck body of the mechanical chuck is installed on the headstock of the CNC lathe.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a truss manipulator; the truss manipulator can move the axle to the CNC lathe and can also move the axle from the CNC lathe, and the signal input end of the truss manipulator is connected to the signal output end of the CNC lathe.

[0012] In a second aspect, an axle processing method for realizing automatic loading and unloading is applied to the axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading as described in any one of the first aspects, including an axle automatic loading method, the axle automatic loading method including method A applied to a case where a pressure sensor detects a pressure signal from a spring, the method A including the following steps:

[0013] SA1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the top of the headstock and the top of the tailstock are coaxially opposite to each other;

[0014] SA2: The truss manipulator moves the axle to between the headstock top and the tailstock top. At this time, the axis of the axle, the axis of the headstock top and the axis of the tailstock top are on the same straight line;

[0015] SA3: The truss manipulator drives the axle to move toward the top of the head seat. If the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal from the spring, the truss manipulator stops running and the axle stops moving;

[0016] SA4: The headstock of the CNC lathe drives the positioning mechanism to rotate around the axis of the headstock top until the pressure sensor detects no pressure signal from the spring. At this time, the side wall of the stop pin fits with the side wall of the process hole.

[0017] SA5: The truss manipulator drives the axle to move toward the direction close to the headstock top, and at the same time, the tailstock top moves toward the direction close to the axle until the side walls of the headstock top and the tailstock top are respectively fitted with the side walls of the center holes on the two end faces of the axle.

[0018] Furthermore, the automatic axle feeding method also includes a method B applied to a situation where the pressure sensor cannot detect a pressure signal from the spring, and the method B includes the following steps:

[0019] SB1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the top of the headstock and the top of the tailstock are coaxially opposite to each other;

[0020] SB2: The truss manipulator drives the axle to move between the headstock top and the tailstock top. At this time, the axis of the axle, the axis of the headstock top and the axis of the tailstock top are on the same straight line;

[0021] SB3: The truss manipulator drives the axle to move toward the top of the head seat. If the pressure sensor cannot detect the pressure signal from the spring, the axle continues to move toward the top of the head seat until the side wall of the center hole on the end face of the axle close to the top of the head seat fits with the side wall of the top of the head seat.

[0022] SB4: The tailstock top moves toward the axle until the side wall of the center hole on the end face of the axle close to the tailstock top fits with the side wall of the tailstock top.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes an automatic axle unloading method, the automatic axle unloading method includes method C, and the method C includes the following steps:

[0024] SC1: The tailstock top moves away from the axle, and the truss manipulator drives the axle to move away from the headstock top, until the headstock top and the tailstock top are respectively located outside the center holes on the two end faces of the axle;

[0025] SC2: The truss robot moves the axle from between the headstock top and the tailstock top.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. In the present invention, the axis of the axle, the axis of the headstock top and the axis of the tailstock top are first placed on the same straight line, and then the truss manipulator drives the axle to move in the direction close to the headstock top. If the pressure sensor detects a pressure signal from the spring, it means that the axle is not positioned by the positioning mechanism. At this time, the truss manipulator stops running, the axle stops moving, and the headstock of the CNC lathe drives the positioning mechanism to rotate around the axis of the headstock top until the pressure sensor can no longer detect the pressure signal from the spring. At this time, the side wall of the stop pin fits with the side wall of the process hole, indicating that the axle is positioned by the positioning mechanism. The headstock top and the tailstock top clamp the axle. At this time, the axle will not deviate outside the specified workstation, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the axle and improving the processing accuracy. At the same time, the present invention realizes automatic loading and unloading of the axle and improves production efficiency.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, the guide groove on the mounting seat can guide the expansion and contraction of the spring and the movement of the stop pin, thereby preventing the spring from expanding and contracting perpendicular to its axial direction and preventing the stop pin from moving perpendicular to its axial direction.

[0029] 3. In the present invention, the pressure sensor is installed in the mounting groove on the mounting seat, and the sealing cover can protect the pressure sensor in the mounting groove.

[0030] 4. In the present invention, the mounting seat, the headstock center and the positioning mechanism are detachably mounted on the headstock of the CNC lathe through a mechanical chuck, which facilitates the maintenance, repair and replacement of the mounting seat, the headstock center and the positioning mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the movable claw, the mounting seat, the head seat top and the positioning mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of the axle, movable claws, mounting seat, headstock center and positioning mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view of the truss manipulator in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a rear view of the truss manipulator in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a left view of the truss manipulator in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 is an overall flow chart of method A in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is an overall flow chart of method B in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 is an overall flow chart of method C in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0040] In the figure: 1-head seat top; 2-positioning mechanism; 3-mounting seat; 4-movable claw; 5-slot; 6-accommodating chamber; 7-bolt; 8-sealing cover; 9-mounting slot; 10-limit key; 11-keyway; 12-process hole; 13-center hole; 14-axle; 15-truss manipulator; 201-stop pin; 202-pressure sensor; 203-spring; 1501-floating assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0044] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0046] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0047] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading includes: an axle 14; a center hole 13 and a plurality of process holes 12 uniformly surrounding the center hole 13 are opened on both end faces of the axle 14, and the axis of the process hole 12 is parallel to the axis of the center hole 13; a CNC lathe; the CNC lathe can process the axle 14; a headstock top 1; the headstock top 1 is coaxially installed on the headstock of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the headstock top 1 can be fitted with the side wall of the center hole 13; a tailstock top; the tailstock top is coaxially installed on the tailstock of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the tailstock top can be fitted with the side wall of the center hole 13; and also includes: a plurality of positioning mechanisms 2; the positioning mechanism 2 includes a spring 203, a stop pin 201 and a pressure sensor Device 202, one end of the spring 203 is installed on the stop pin 201, the axis of the stop pin 201 and the axis of the spring 203 are located in the same straight line, and the signal input end of the pressure sensor 202 is connected to the spring 203; the number of the positioning mechanisms 2 is consistent with the number of the process holes 12 on one end face of the axle 14, and the several positioning mechanisms 2 are installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe and are evenly surrounded by the top 1 of the head seat; the axis of the spring 203 is parallel to the axis of the top 1 of the head seat, and the end of the spring 203 away from the stop pin 201 is installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the stop pin 201 can be fitted with the side wall of the process hole 12, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor 202 is connected to the signal input end of the CNC lathe.

[0050] Specifically, a center hole 13 and two process holes 12 uniformly surrounding the center hole 13 are respectively formed on the two end surfaces of the axle 14 , two positioning mechanisms 2 are provided, and the pressure sensor 202 includes a travel switch.

[0051] In this embodiment, it also includes a mounting seat 3, and the head seat top 1 and the end of the spring 203 away from the stop pin 201 are both mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe through the mounting seat 3; a plurality of guide grooves are opened on the mounting seat 3; the head seat top 1 is mounted on the mounting seat 3, and the end of the spring 203 away from the stop pin 201 is mounted on the closed end of the guide groove, the side wall of the stop pin 201 is in contact with the side wall of the guide groove, and the mounting seat 3 is mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe.

[0052] Specifically, the mounting seat 3 is a cylindrical structure, the head seat top 1 and the end of the spring 203 away from the stop pin 201 are installed on one end face of the mounting seat 3, the axis of the head seat top 1 and the axis of the mounting seat 3 are located on the same straight line, and the other end face of the mounting seat 3 is coaxially installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe, and two guide grooves are provided on the end face of the mounting seat 3 where the spring 203 is installed.

[0053] In addition, a key slot 11 is provided on the side wall of the stop pin 201 , and a limit key 10 is provided on the side wall of the guide slot. The key slot 11 cooperates with the limit key 10 to limit the maximum travel of the spring 203 and the stop pin 201 .

[0054] In this embodiment, a mounting groove 9 is provided on the mounting seat 3; a sealing cover 8 is detachably installed at the open end of the mounting groove 9; the mounting groove 9 is connected with the guide groove, and the pressure sensor 202 is installed in the mounting groove 9, and the signal input end of the pressure sensor 202 is connected to the spring 203 via the connection between the mounting groove 9 and the guide groove.

[0055] Specifically, two mounting grooves 9 are provided, and the mounting grooves 9 are connected with the guide grooves one by one. The opening end of the mounting groove 9 is detachably mounted with a sealing cover 8 through a bolt 7, and a sealing ring is provided between the sealing cover 8 and the opening end of the mounting groove 9.

[0056] In addition, a receiving cavity 6 is provided in the mounting seat 3 , and a power source is installed in the receiving cavity 6 , and the power source can supply power to the travel switch.

[0057] In this embodiment, a mechanical chuck is also included, and the mounting seat 3 is installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe through the mechanical chuck; a plurality of slots 5 are opened on the mounting seat 3, and the number of the slots 5 is consistent with the number of movable claws 4 of the mechanical chuck, and the movable claws 4 of the mechanical chuck are one-to-one correspondingly and detachably installed in the slots 5, and the chuck body of the mechanical chuck is installed on the head seat of the CNC lathe.

[0058] Specifically, the mechanical chuck is a three-jaw chuck, and three slots 5 are provided on the end surface of the mounting seat 3 mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, it also includes a truss manipulator 15; the truss manipulator 15 can move the axle 14 to the CNC lathe and can also move the axle 14 from the CNC lathe. The signal input end of the truss manipulator 15 is connected to the signal output end of the CNC lathe. The truss manipulator 15 used in this embodiment is a prior art in the field and will not be described here.

[0060] Embodiment 2:

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, an axle processing method for realizing automatic loading and unloading is applied to the axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading as described in any one of Embodiment 1, including an axle automatic loading method, the axle automatic loading method including method A applied to the case where the pressure sensor 202 detects a pressure signal from the spring 203, and the method A includes the following steps:

[0062] SA1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top are coaxially opposite to each other;

[0063] SA2: The truss manipulator 15 moves the axle 14 to between the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top. At this time, the axis of the axle 14, the axis of the headstock top 1 and the axis of the tailstock top are located on the same straight line;

[0064] SA3: The truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the top 1 of the head seat. If the pressure sensor 202 detects a pressure signal from the spring 203, the truss manipulator 15 stops running and the axle 14 stops moving;

[0065] SA4: The headstock of the CNC lathe drives the positioning mechanism 2 to rotate around the axis of the headstock top 1 until the pressure sensor 202 detects no pressure signal from the spring 203, at which time the side wall of the stop pin 201 fits with the side wall of the process hole 12;

[0066] SA5: The truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the headstock top 1, and at the same time, the tailstock top moves toward the direction close to the axle 14 until the side walls of the headstock top 1 and the side walls of the tailstock top are respectively fitted with the side walls of the center hole 13 on the two end faces of the axle 14.

[0067] Specifically, in step SA3 and step SA5, the "truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the top 1 of the headstock" is that the floating component 1501 of the truss manipulator 15 drives the part of the truss manipulator 15 located below the floating component 1501 and the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the top 1 of the headstock, and the part of the truss manipulator 15 located above the floating component 1501 remains stationary, so as to facilitate the resetting of the truss manipulator 15.

[0068] In this embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the axle automatic feeding method also includes a method B applied to the case where the pressure sensor 202 cannot detect the pressure signal from the spring 203, and the method B includes the following steps:

[0069] SB1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the top 1 of the headstock is coaxial with the top of the tailstock;

[0070] SB2: The truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move between the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top. At this time, the axis of the axle 14, the axis of the headstock top 1 and the axis of the tailstock top are located on the same straight line;

[0071] SB3: The truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move toward the head seat top 1. If the pressure sensor 202 cannot detect the pressure signal from the spring 203, the axle 14 continues to move toward the head seat top 1 until the side wall of the center hole 13 on the end face of the axle 14 close to the head seat top 1 fits with the side wall of the head seat top 1.

[0072] SB4: The tailstock top moves toward the direction close to the axle 14 until the side wall of the center hole 13 on the end face of the axle 14 close to the tailstock top fits with the side wall of the tailstock top.

[0073] Specifically, in step SB3, the "truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the top 1 of the headstock" is that the floating component 1501 of the truss manipulator 15 drives the part of the truss manipulator 15 located below the floating component 1501 and the axle 14 to move toward the direction close to the top 1 of the headstock, and the part of the truss manipulator 15 located above the floating component 1501 remains stationary, so as to facilitate the resetting of the truss manipulator 15.

[0074] Embodiment 3:

[0075] like Figure 8As shown, an axle processing method for realizing automatic loading and unloading is applied to the axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading as described in any one of Embodiment 1, and also includes an axle automatic unloading method, and the axle automatic unloading method includes method C, and the method C includes the following steps:

[0076] SC1: The tailstock top moves away from the axle 14, and at the same time, the truss manipulator 15 drives the axle 14 to move away from the headstock top 1, until the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top are respectively located outside the center holes 13 on the two end surfaces of the axle 14;

[0077] SC2: The truss robot 15 moves the axle 14 down from between the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top.

[0078] Specifically, before step SC1, the truss robot 15 should first hold the axle 14 to prevent the axle 14 from falling off between the headstock top 1 and the tailstock top.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading, comprising: An axle (14); a center hole (13) and a plurality of process holes (12) uniformly surrounding the center hole (13) are formed on both end surfaces of the axle (14); the axes of the process holes (12) are parallel to the axis of the center hole (13); A numerically controlled lathe; the numerically controlled lathe can process the axle (14); A headstock top (1); the headstock top (1) is coaxially mounted on a headstock of a numerically controlled lathe, and the side wall of the headstock top (1) can fit with the side wall of the center hole (13); Tailstock top; the tailstock top is coaxially mounted on the tailstock of the CNC lathe, and the side wall of the tailstock top can fit with the side wall of the center hole (13); It is characterized by further comprising: A plurality of positioning mechanisms (2); the positioning mechanism (2) comprises a spring (203), a stop pin (201) and a pressure sensor (202); one end of the spring (203) is mounted on the stop pin (201); the axis of the stop pin (201) and the axis of the spring (203) are located on the same straight line; and the signal input end of the pressure sensor (202) is connected to the spring (203); The number of the positioning mechanisms (2) is consistent with the number of the process holes (12) on one end face of the axle (14); the plurality of positioning mechanisms (2) are mounted on the headstock of the CNC lathe and are evenly surrounded by the outside of the headstock top (1); the axis of the spring (203) is parallel to the axis of the headstock top (1); the end of the spring (203) away from the stop pin (201) is mounted on the headstock of the CNC lathe; the side wall of the stop pin (201) can fit with the side wall of the process hole (12); and the signal output end of the pressure sensor (202) is connected to the signal input end of the CNC lathe.

2. The axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting seat (3), wherein the head seat top (1) and an end of the spring (203) away from the stop pin (201) are both mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe via the mounting seat (3); The mounting seat (3) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves; The headstock top (1) is mounted on the mounting seat (3), one end of the spring (203) away from the stop pin (201) is mounted on the closed end of the guide groove, the side wall of the stop pin (201) is fitted with the side wall of the guide groove, and the mounting seat (3) is mounted on the headstock of the CNC lathe.

3. The axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The mounting seat (3) is provided with a mounting groove (9); A sealing cover (8) is detachably mounted on the open end of the mounting groove (9); The mounting groove (9) is connected to the guide groove, the pressure sensor (202) is installed in the mounting groove (9), and the signal input end of the pressure sensor (202) is connected to the spring (203) via the connection between the mounting groove (9) and the guide groove.

4. The axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a mechanical chuck, and the mounting seat (3) is mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe through the mechanical chuck; The mounting seat (3) is provided with a plurality of slots (5), the number of the slots (5) being consistent with the number of movable jaws (4) of the mechanical chuck, the movable jaws (4) of the mechanical chuck being corresponding one to one and detachably mounted in the slots (5), and the chuck body of the mechanical chuck being mounted on the head seat of the CNC lathe.

5. The axle processing system for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a truss manipulator (15); The truss manipulator (15) can move the axle (14) onto the numerically controlled lathe or remove the axle (14) from the numerically controlled lathe, and a signal input end of the truss manipulator (15) is connected to a signal output end of the numerically controlled lathe.

6. A method for machining an axle with automatic loading and unloading, applied to the axle machining system with automatic loading and unloading as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The invention comprises an automatic axle loading method, wherein the automatic axle loading method comprises a method A applied to a case where a pressure sensor (202) detects a pressure signal from a spring (203), wherein the method A comprises the following steps: SA1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the headstock center (1) is coaxial with the tailstock center; SA2: The truss manipulator (15) moves the axle (14) to between the headstock top (1) and the tailstock top, at which time the axis of the axle (14), the axis of the headstock top (1) and the axis of the tailstock top are located on the same straight line; SA3: The truss manipulator (15) drives the axle (14) to move toward the direction close to the top of the head seat (1). If the pressure sensor (202) detects a pressure signal from the spring (203), the truss manipulator (15) stops running and the axle (14) stops moving; SA4: The headstock of the CNC lathe drives the positioning mechanism (2) to rotate around the axis of the headstock top (1) until the pressure sensor (202) detects no pressure signal from the spring (203), at which time the side wall of the stop pin (201) fits the side wall of the process hole (12); SA5: The truss manipulator (15) drives the axle (14) to move toward the direction close to the headstock top (1), and at the same time, the tailstock top moves toward the direction close to the axle (14), until the side wall of the headstock top (1) and the side wall of the tailstock top are respectively in contact with the side walls of the center hole (13) on the two end faces of the axle (14).

7. The axle processing method for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The axle automatic loading method further comprises a method B applied to a situation where the pressure sensor (202) cannot detect a pressure signal from the spring (203), wherein the method B comprises the following steps: SB1: Adjust the headstock and tailstock of the CNC lathe so that the headstock center (1) is coaxial with the tailstock center; SB2: The truss manipulator (15) drives the axle (14) to move between the headstock top (1) and the tailstock top. At this time, the axis of the axle (14), the axis of the headstock top (1) and the axis of the tailstock top are located on the same straight line; SB3: The truss manipulator (15) drives the axle (14) to move toward the direction close to the top of the head seat (1). If the pressure sensor (202) cannot detect the pressure signal from the spring (203), the axle (14) continues to move toward the direction close to the top of the head seat (1) until the side wall of the center hole (13) on the end face of the axle (14) close to the top of the head seat (1) fits with the side wall of the top of the head seat (1); SB4: The tailstock top moves toward the direction close to the axle (14) until the side wall of the center hole (13) on the end surface of the axle (14) close to the tailstock top fits with the side wall of the tailstock top.

8. The axle processing method for realizing automatic loading and unloading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes an automatic axle unloading method, wherein the automatic axle unloading method includes method C, and the method C includes the following steps: SC1: The tailstock top moves in a direction away from the axle (14), and at the same time, the truss manipulator (15) drives the axle (14) to move in a direction away from the headstock top (1), until the headstock top (1) and the tailstock top are respectively located outside the center holes (13) on the two end surfaces of the axle (14); SC2: The truss manipulator (15) moves the axle (14) down from between the headstock top (1) and the tailstock top.

Images