Full-automatic perforating method, perforating device and perforating machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of punchers, and discloses a full-automatic punching method, a punching device and a puncher. The method comprises the steps that when an electrode needs to be replaced, a first electrode in a stock bin is fed into a rotating shaft of a rotating head in the process that the rotating head operates towards a first preset position or at the first preset position; the first electrode moves downwards and sequentially passes through the water stop plug and the upper locking part; when the lower end of the first electrode moves to approach or contact with the electrode detection part, the electrode detection part generates an electric signal; controlling a lower locking part to lock the lower end of the first electrode based on the electric signal; the rotating head is controlled to ascend to a second preset position, so that at least one part of the first electrode is located above the water stop plug, and the upper end of the first electrode is locked through the upper locking part; or, based on the electric signal, the upper locking part is controlled to lock the upper end of the first electrode; and the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downwards, and the first electrode is used for conducting discharge perforation machining on the workpiece. By using the scheme, the success rate of electrode replacement and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of punching machines, and in particular to a full-automatic punching method, a punching device and a punching machine. Background Art

[0002] The electric spark perforator is also called a perforator, a puncher, a small hole machine, or a fine hole discharge machine. Its working principle is to use a thin metal copper tube that moves vertically up and down continuously as an electrode to perform pulse spark discharge to erode the metal of the workpiece to form it.

[0003] Since the EDM drilling machine wears out very quickly during the discharge drilling process, the general wear ratio of the electrode to the workpiece is 1:1 or higher. During use, the electrode sometimes needs to be replaced every few minutes or less.

[0004] Currently, electrodes are generally replaced manually, which requires high proficiency of workers and has low production efficiency. Manual replacement of electrodes is a waste of human resources. Some methods of automatic electrode replacement have appeared in the prior art, but the existing methods still have the following problems: when the electrode is consumed after the current processed hole is processed to a certain depth, the replaced new electrode directly enters the processed hole. At this time, since the distance between the rotating head and the eye mold cannot be accurately changed at any time, the upper end of the electrode will be separated from the water stopper, and the electrode replacement fails; similarly, when the upper surface of the workpiece is uneven, the position of the lower end of the electrode will also change according to the unevenness of the workpiece surface, and the new electrode cannot be replaced stably; and when there is a clearing position on the workpiece, the distance between the eye mold and the rotating head needs to be adaptively adjusted according to the height of the clearing position, which increases the difficulty of work and prolongs the working time, and the electrode may fail to replace the electrode due to inaccurate distance estimation; in addition, during the processing of slag removal, the residue splashed into the eye mold by high-pressure water and brought into the eye mold by the electrode retreat will fall into the eye mold, and the eye mold itself is a hollow double-layer structure (with a step in the middle), which is easy to cause obstacles, making it difficult for the replaced new electrode to pass through the eye mold, and the adaptability of automatic electrode replacement is not high. For example, the existing technology takes at least one minute to replace an electrode, and can only replace electrodes with a diameter of 0.5MM or more. Electrodes with a diameter of less than 0.5MM cannot be replaced. The success rate of replacing electrodes with a diameter of more than 0.5MM is also less than 80%. Once a failure occurs, a lot of time will be wasted on maintenance; the overall efficiency is low, and it is difficult to put into mass production.

[0005] Based on the above reasons, the existing punching machines still require manual processing and cannot achieve fully automatic unmanned processing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic punching method, a punching device and a punching machine, which can realize automatic replacement of electrodes with higher efficiency and are suitable for various high workpieces and workpieces with uneven surfaces, and solve the problems of electrode falling when changing electrodes and difficulty of electrodes passing through eye molds in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fully automatic perforating method, characterized in that it includes: When the electrode needs to be replaced, the automatic feeding device is used to feed the first electrode in the silo into the rotating shaft of the rotating head during the movement of the rotating head to the first preset position or at the first preset position, and the first electrode is moved downward, passing through the water stopper and the upper locking part in sequence, and the water stopper is located in the rotating shaft; When the lower end of the first electrode moves to approach or contact the electrode detection part, the electrode detection part generates an electrical signal; Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Or, based on the electrical signal, controlling the upper locking portion to lock the upper end of the first electrode; After the upper end of the first electrode is locked, the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the first electrode is used to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece.

[0008] In the above solution, in the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate and move downward, the lower end of the first electrode enters and completely passes through the eye mold; And / or, the electrode detection unit includes a detection device, and the electrode detection unit adopts at least one of electrical contact, conductive loop detection, metal detection, light detection, and video detection.

[0009] In the above scheme, the electrode detection unit includes a detection device: The detection device is located between the upper locking portion and the workpiece; And / or, the detection device is at least one of located near the eye mold, formed integrally with the eye mold, and being a part of the eye mold; And / or, the motor of the rotating head is a hollow shaft motor.

[0010] In the above scheme, an auxiliary guide portion is provided above the eye mold, and the auxiliary guide portion is integrally formed with the eye mold or separately and independently provided; the auxiliary guide portion is used to assist the first electrode in inserting into the central hole of the eye mold; The detection device is configured as at least one of: being close to the auxiliary guide portion, being integrally formed with the auxiliary guide portion, and being a part of the auxiliary guide portion.

[0011] In the above scheme, the inner hole diameter of the water stopper matches the cross-sectional diameter of the first electrode; the first electrode in the silo is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head by at least one of the following methods: movement and / or blowing, roller transmission, pneumatic transmission, clamping transmission, and free fall when the electrode is released.

[0012] In the above scheme, after the first electrode in the silo is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head, the method further includes: The second electrode is restricted by the second electrode following prevention part to prevent the second electrode from entering the rotating shaft of the rotating head, wherein the second electrode is any other electrode in the silo except the first electrode; and / or, When the first electrode needs to be replaced again, the restriction of the second electrode following prevention part on the second electrode is first released; or, the second electrode following prevention part is used as an electrode waiting part, and when the first electrode needs to be replaced again, the restriction of the second electrode following prevention part on the second electrode entering the electrode waiting part is first released; And / or, the second electrode following prevention portion adopts at least one of blowing, blocking member, clamping and squeezing to prevent the second electrode from following the first electrode into the rotating shaft of the rotating head.

[0013] In the above solution, after the electrode detection unit generates an electrical signal, the method includes: based on the electrode delivery method or the size of the first electrode, selecting one of the following two methods to lock and position the first electrode: Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Based on the electrical signal, the upper locking portion is controlled to lock the upper end of the first electrode.

[0014] In the above scheme, when the electrode needs to be replaced, it is configured as follows: At any time after the effective processing section of the first electrode is consumed, the remaining first electrode is stored in the waste bin by the electrode taking mechanism; Or, at any time after the remaining first electrode is stored in the waste bin by using the electrode taking mechanism and the rotating head is lowered to approach the eye mold by a certain distance.

[0015] In the above scheme, the process of performing discharge perforation processing on the workpiece by using the first electrode includes: Controlling the first electrode to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece, using the penetration detection system to receive information that the first electrode penetrates the lower surface of the workpiece, controlling the first electrode to withdraw from the workpiece and perform processing of the next hole; And / or, the silo is configured to have a transparent or translucent portion, and the transparent or translucent portion is used to observe the situation in the silo at any angle.

[0016] In the above scheme, the method further includes that during the electrode replacement process, the collet nut is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and at the same time, the collet nut stopping device is used to prevent the collet nut from moving relative to the rotating shaft during the passive rotation and / or shaking process; And / or, the anti-drop portion is used to prevent the collet nut from falling off the rotating shaft.

[0017] In the above scheme, during the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate downward, the first electrode is clamped by an automatic electrode supporting device, the automatic electrode supporting device at least includes a slider and a slide rail, the slider remains relatively stationary or connected to the rotating head; the lower end of the slide rail is connected to the clamping mechanism; the automatic electrode supporting device is configured to clamp the first electrode as follows: Before the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, the clamping mechanism falls to the lowest point due to its own weight, and at this time, the distance between the clamping mechanism and the slider is the largest; In the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate downward, the clamping mechanism does not move relative to the electrode until the clamping mechanism reaches a preset blocking position and is blocked. At this time, the first electrode is processed downward all the time, and the slide rail rises relative to the rotating head because the lower end is blocked. When the clamping head of the rotating head approaches the eye mold at a set distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closing position; And / or, the clamping mechanism is installed at the machine head between the eye mold and the rotating head, and when the rotating head descends to a preset distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closes and withdraws from the electrode.

[0018] The clamping mechanism adopts a pneumatic or electric mechanism; an elastic member is arranged at the opening and closing position of the clamping mechanism.

[0019] In the above solution, the step of controlling the lower locking portion to lock the lower end of the electrode based on the electrical signal includes: When the electrical signal is generated, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; Or, after the electrical signal is generated, the first electrode is allowed to continue to move downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and then stops moving downward, and the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; If the first electrode continues to be transported downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and touches the workpiece, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode when touching the workpiece.

[0020] This case also provides a fully automatic perforating device, including: The electrode replacement part is configured such that when the electrode needs to be replaced, the first electrode in the material bin is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head by the automatic feeding device during the movement of the rotating head to the first preset position or at the first preset position, and the first electrode moves downward, passes through the water stopper and the upper locking part in sequence, and the water stopper is located in the rotating shaft; The electrical signal unit is configured to generate an electrical signal from the electrode detection unit when the lower end of the first electrode moves close to or contacts the electrode detection unit; The control unit is configured as follows: Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Or, based on the electrical signal, controlling the upper locking portion to lock the upper end of the first electrode; After the upper end of the first electrode is locked, the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the first electrode is used to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece.

[0021] The present case also provides a fully automatic punching machine, which is configured to: adopt the fully automatic punching method.

[0022] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The fully automatic perforating method, perforating device and perforating machine can generate an electrical signal when the lower end of the first electrode moves close to or contacts the electrode detection part when the electrode needs to be replaced, and based on the electrical signal, the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode, and then the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward for processing. Because the electrode detection part is fixedly installed and the distance from the water stop plug in the rotating head when the upper chuck is locked is pre-set according to the electrode length, the upper end of the replaced electrode will be just above the water stop plug, which is equivalent to the electrode detection part determining the lower end of the electrode The position of the electrode is not wasted too much, and the upper end of the electrode will not be out of the water stopper; it will not be affected by external processing conditions, ensuring that the top of the first electrode is kept not lower than the water stopper when changing the electrode, and the first electrode will not fall into the unfinished hole during the electrode change process, causing the electrode to leave the water stopper; it can prevent the surface of the workpiece from being uneven. If the distance between the eye mold and the rotating head is not adjusted one by one according to the current surface height of each hole to be processed, the electrode will fall before it touches the workpiece surface, resulting in the problem of automatic electrode change failure. This case can be used to process holes of workpieces of any height or uneven surface. When it is not necessary, the distance between the eye mold and the rotating head is adjusted according to the surface of the workpiece. At the same time, the hollow water stopper is used to reduce the obstruction of the downward movement of the electrode and increase the speed of the electrode movement; the second electrode following prevention part is used to avoid the time of machine tool shutdown and maintenance and greatly improve the success rate of electrode replacement; the present invention can speed up the time of one electrode replacement from at least more than one minute to within 20 seconds, the efficiency is increased by three times, and the success rate of electrode replacement is 100%, which can be increased to stably and automatically replace electrodes with a diameter of 0.3MM or more, greatly improving the success rate of electrode replacement and processing efficiency, and at the same time expanding the adaptability of automatic electrode replacement; the punching machine is fully automated, and continuous automatic punching is realized, which is convenient for mass production and saves labor costs and time costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Attached Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of a fully automatic perforating method in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a fully automatic perforating method in another embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic punching device or a punching machine in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an electrode taking mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection device in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a collet nut in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second electrode following prevention portion in one embodiment of the present invention; Attached Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure after the circle in the middle is enlarged.

[0024] Among them, 100-machine head; 10-rotating head; 11-rotating axis; 20-bin; 30-upper locking part; 40-lower locking part; 50-eye mold; 60-detection device; 70-water stopper; 71-guiding structure; 80-automatic electrode supporting device; 90-collet nut; 101-penetration detection system; 102-electrode taking mechanism; 104-second electrode following prevention part; 105-first electrode; 106-anti-drop component; 107-collet nut stopping device; 108-automatic clamping device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a fully automatic perforating method, comprising: S1. When the electrode needs to be replaced, the rotating head 10 is in the process of moving to the first preset position or at the first preset position, the first electrode 105 in the hopper 20 is fed into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10 by the automatic feeding device, and the first electrode 105 moves downward, passes through the water stopper 70 and the upper locking part 30 in sequence, and the water stopper 70 is located in the rotating shaft 11; S2. When the lower end of the first electrode 105 moves close to or contacts the electrode detection part, the electrode detection part generates an electrical signal; After the electrical signal is generated, the first electrode 105 can be locked and positioned by using any of the following two solutions: S31, Scheme 1: Based on the electrical signal, control the lower locking part 40 to lock the lower end of the first electrode 105; and control the rotating head 10 to rise to the second preset position according to the new electrode length, so that at least a part of the first electrode 105 is above the water stopper 70, and use the upper locking part 30 to lock the upper end of the first electrode 105. In Scheme 1, the first preset position is the position below close to the lower part of the head 100 and the eye mold 50, and the second preset position is above, that is, close to the upper part of the head 100; the rotating head 10 can feed materials from the silo 20 during the movement to the first preset position, that is, during the downward movement; it can also feed materials from the silo 20 when reaching the first preset position; S32, Scheme 2: Based on the electrical signal, control the upper locking portion 30 to lock the upper end of the first electrode 105; the rotating head 10 can feed materials from the hopper 20 during the movement to the first preset position, i.e., during the upward or downward movement, or can feed materials from the hopper 20 when reaching the first preset position; the first preset position in Scheme 2 is above, i.e., close to the upper part of the machine head 100.

[0027] Based on the electrode delivery method or the size of the first electrode 105, select solution 1 or solution 2 to lock and position the first electrode 105: Scenarios where Option 1 is more applicable include: thinner electrodes are lighter in weight and are easily hindered by water tension or friction with other components, so they descend slowly. When the lower locking part 40 is used for locking, the rotating head 10 is very close to the electrode of the lower locking part 40, and only needs to come out a little bit from the rotating head 10 to be detected, and the rotating head 10 rises after being clamped by the lower locking part 40, easily breaking through the obstacles when replacing the electrode mentioned above, which is faster. In addition, when there is only one automatic electrode conveying device and it is set above the rotating head 10, because the upper end of the electrode also enters the rotating shaft, the upper automatic electrode conveying device cannot provide the electrode with the power to continue to move downward, so Option 1 is generally used.

[0028] Scenarios where Option 2 is more applicable include: thicker electrodes have a heavier weight, and when the electrodes are separated from the upper end and fall freely, they are not easily hindered by the tension of water or the resistance generated by other components, and the descent speed is fast. Option 2 can save several seconds or more than ten seconds of time for the rotating head 10 to go down and up again, and also reduce the repeated friction of the screw rod and the track to enhance its service life. When Option 2 is adopted, the lower locking part 40 does not need to be set, or the lower locking part 40 is set but it does not work. In addition, when a device for automatically conveying electrodes is provided under the rotating head 10, the lower locking part 40 is not required to lock the lower end of the first electrode 105, and Option 2 is generally selected.

[0029] One of the locking electrode solutions can be selected from the above solutions based on different usage scenarios, and the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

[0030] S4. After the upper end of the first electrode 105 is locked, the first electrode 105 is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the first electrode 105 is used to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece.

[0031] After the upper locking part 30 locks the upper end of the first electrode 105, the first electrode 105 is controlled to rotate downward and process. Because the electrode detection part is fixedly installed and the distance from the water stopper in the rotating head when the upper chuck is locked is pre-set according to the electrode length, the upper end of the replaced electrode will be just above the water stopper, which is equivalent to the electrode detection part determining the position of the lower end of the electrode, so there is no excessive waste of electrodes and the upper end of the electrode will not be in the water stopper; it will not be affected by external processing conditions, ensuring that the top of the first electrode is kept not lower than the water stopper when changing the electrode, and the first electrode will not fall into the unfinished hole during the electrode change process, causing the electrode to leave the water stopper; it can prevent the surface of the workpiece from being uneven. If the distance between the eye mold and the rotating head is not adjusted one by one according to the current height of each hole surface to be processed, the electrode will fall before it touches the workpiece surface, resulting in the problem of automatic electrode replacement failure. This case can be applied to the processing of holes of workpieces of any height or uneven surface, and there is no need to adjust the distance between the eye mold and the rotating head according to the workpiece surface from time to time. At the same time, the use of the hollow water stopper reduces the obstacle of the downward movement of the electrode and increases the electrode movement speed; the use of the second electrode follow-up prevention part eliminates the time of machine tool shutdown and maintenance and greatly improves the success rate of electrode replacement.

[0032] Therefore, in this case, there is no need to adjust the distance between the eye mold 50 and the rotating head 10 according to changes in the processing scene or the workpiece to be processed. It only needs to change the distance when replacing electrodes of different length specifications.

[0033] The upper end of the water stopper 70 in the above embodiment may contain an inverted cone-shaped guide structure 71. In this case, there is no need to set a guide part. If the water stopper 70 does not have a guide structure 71, a guide part is required. The guide part can also be integrally formed with the water stopper 70 to guide the electrode into the through hole in the middle of the water stopper 70.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, when the auxiliary guide portion and the detection portion are the same component, when the detection device 60 is above the eye mold 50, the lower end of the first electrode 105 enters and completely passes through the eye mold 50 during the process of controlling the first electrode 105 to rotate downward; placing the auxiliary guide portion above the eye mold 50 can allow the electrode to smoothly enter and pass through the eye mold 50, because at this time the electrode is locked by the electrode chuck of the rotating head 10 and rotates downward, which can more easily overcome the obstacles caused by high-pressure water splashing into the eye mold 50 during slag removal during processing and the residue brought into the eye mold 50 by the electrode retreat falling into the eye mold 50, and the eye mold 50 itself is a hollow double-layer structure (with a step in the middle), the center of the eye mold and the center of the chuck are not concentric, etc., which are easy to cause obstacles, so that the electrode can easily enter and break through the obstacles of the eye mold 50, and will not be stuck by the eye mold 50 to cause the automatic copper tube replacement failure.

[0035] Therefore, the present invention can be applied to automatically changing electrodes during processing of workpieces with uneven surfaces, without the need to adjust the distance between the eye mold 50 and the rotating head 10 .

[0036] In one embodiment, the electrode detection unit includes a detection device 60, and the electrode detection unit adopts at least one of electrical contact, conductive loop detection, metal detection, light detection, and video detection; for example, an open loop of electrical contact, etc. As long as the detection device 60 can send an electrical signal when the first electrode 105 reaches the position of the detection device 60, the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

[0037] In one embodiment, the motor of the rotary head 10 is a hollow shaft motor, which has no transmission parts, no mechanical wear and transmission error, and ensures the accuracy and durability of the loosening and tightening of the electrode chuck, while reducing product costs.

[0038] In one embodiment, the detection device 60 is located between the upper locking portion 30 and the workpiece. The electrode detection portion is located at any position between the upper locking portion 30 and the workpiece, and can be fixed at any position between the upper locking portion 30 and the workpiece by using mounting accessories, or integrally formed on a component at any position between the upper locking portion 30 and the workpiece. If the detection portion is below the eye mold 50, the first electrode 105 locks the electrode after entering and completely passing through the eye mold 50, and then performs a downward rotation and processing; the above-mentioned effect of preventing the electrode from falling during the electrode replacement process can also be achieved, and it is suitable for processing holes in workpieces with uneven surfaces.

[0039] Furthermore, the detection device 60 is at least one of close to the eye mold 50, integrally formed with the eye mold 50, and a part of the eye mold 50. Close to the eye mold 50 means being located at a position 0-1 cm above or below the eye mold 50, and being installed at this position in a detachable manner for easy maintenance and replacement; integrally formed with the eye mold 50 means that the detection device 60 capable of generating an electrical signal is formed together with the eye mold 50, and being a part of the eye mold 50 means that the eye mold 50 is designed to be at least partially a detection device 60 capable of generating an electrical signal, for example, at least partially a conductor, a light-transmitting body, or other materials; these two methods of integrally formed or being a part of the eye mold 50 can save space and cost, and are more simple and beautiful.

[0040] In one embodiment, an auxiliary guide portion is provided above the eye mold 50, and the auxiliary guide portion is integrally formed with the eye mold 50 or is independently provided separately; the auxiliary guide portion is used to assist the first electrode 105 in inserting into the central hole of the eye mold 50; The detection device 60 is configured to be at least one of: close to the auxiliary guide portion, integrally formed with the auxiliary guide portion, and a part of the auxiliary guide portion.

[0041] The auxiliary guide portion has a guide cone surface, which is used to guide the first electrode 105 to smoothly pass through the guide cone surface to accurately and quickly enter the center hole of the eye mold 50 when the first electrode 105 reaches any point on the guide cone surface. The guide cone surface can be an inverted cone with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the lowest inner diameter is larger than the diameter of the first electrode 105. The auxiliary guide portion can be an independent part arranged above the eye mold 50, or it can be integrally formed with the eye mold 50.

[0042] The detection device 60 may be located 0-1 cm above or below the auxiliary guide portion, or may be integrally formed with the auxiliary guide portion, or may be a part of the auxiliary guide portion, that is, when the first electrode 105 touches the detection device 60, an electrical signal is generated.

[0043] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the water stopper 70 matches the cross-sectional diameter of the first electrode 105 .

[0044] An inner hole is provided at the center of the water stop plug 70, and the inner hole is a straight through hole. The aperture of the inner hole matches the diameter of the first electrode 105, that is, the inner hole diameter is slightly larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the first electrode 105, so that when changing the electrode, the first electrode 105 can easily pass through the water stop plug 70, thereby improving the efficiency of changing the electrode. After changing the electrode, the water stop plug 70 is pressed, and its inner hole will be compressed to completely press the first electrode 105, thereby playing a role of sealing and water stopping.

[0045] Furthermore, the first electrode 105 in the silo 20 is delivered into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10 by at least one of the following methods: movement and / or blowing, roller transmission, pneumatic transmission, clamping transmission, and free fall when the electrode is released. That is, the electrode in the silo 20 is moved, or it can be blown, or a combination of movement and blowing to complete a process of electrode output. The movement method can include shaking, shaking, vibration, free fall, etc., which is generally a passive movement method under the action of external force. Roller transmission, pneumatic transmission, clamping transmission, etc. can also be used. The electrode relies on the pushing force of the roller, pneumatic device or electrode transmission valve core to move downward from the original position to complete a process of electrode output. The above method can realize the rapid delivery of the first electrode 105 into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10.

[0046] The free fall mode of the electrode when released can be: when the electrode conveying valve core is acted upon by the cylinder pressure, it quickly overcomes the elastic force of the spring and moves downward into position, and the cylinder quickly releases the pressure on it to make it bounce up, forcing the electrode in the silo above the electrode conveying valve core to bounce up and fall down. At the same time, the electrode conveying valve core opens when the cylinder pressure is acted upon. Among the electrodes that fall after bouncing up, one electrode relies on its own gravity to enter the electrode conveying valve core through the small hole above the electrode conveying valve core. After the cylinder pressure is released, the spring returns to its original position, and the electrode is automatically locked and positioned by the valve core, completing a process of electrode output.

[0047] The process is repeated in any of the above-mentioned ways until the electrode detection part generates an electrical signal and the upper end of the first electrode 105 is locked, and then the electrode replacement is completed. Then, the first electrode 105 is controlled to rotate and move downward for processing.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, after the first electrode 105 in the silo 20 is fed into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10, the method further includes: S11, using the second electrode following prevention part 104 to restrict the second electrode, preventing the second electrode from entering the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10, the second electrode is any other electrode in the silo 20 except the first electrode 105; to prevent the second electrode existing in the prior art from sliding down following the first electrode 105 due to vibration, movement of the rotating head 10, etc. during the electrode replacement process, and then because the water-stop cylinder needs to be started to perform the water sealing process after the electrode is replaced, the upper end of the rotating shaft needs to be sealed, which will cause the second electrode that follows the first electrode to be bent and damaged, the water sealing mechanism is damaged, and the water splashed without water sealing damages the rotating motor and other electrical components, a series of problems, waste electrodes, and require maintenance equipment to remove the second electrode to affect the processing progress. At the same time, the second electrode following prevention part can be used as an electrode waiting part. When the first electrode is consumed and replaced with a new electrode, the restriction on it is lifted and it can immediately enter the rotating shaft as a new first electrode, which reduces the time for the electrode to enter the conveying device from the silo and the time for the conveying device to be transmitted to the electrode waiting part, further reduces the electrode replacement time, and increases production efficiency.

[0049] S12, when the first electrode 105 needs to be replaced again, first release the restriction of the second electrode anti-following unit 104 on the second electrode; Further, such as Figure 7-8 As shown, the second electrode following prevention part 104 adopts at least one of blowing, blocking, clamping and squeezing to prevent the second electrode from following the first electrode 105 into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10, which can be set to automatic control. Blowing includes blowing from bottom to top to prevent the second electrode from sliding off, the blocking member uses friction or elastic material to resist the first electrode 105, or clamps all the electrodes except the first electrode 105 that have leaked out at the upper end of the silo 20 (because the first electrode 105 has not leaked out at the upper end at this time), and since the first electrode 105 is pulled by the clamping mechanism and the second electrode is a free fall, after applying force to the first electrode 105, the second electrode that follows behind is blocked, thus preventing the second electrode from sliding off, or an adjustable blocking device closes the opening for the second electrode to slide off, or other clamping or squeezing members prevent the second electrode from sliding off.

[0050] In one embodiment, the silo 20 is configured to have a transparent or translucent portion, and the transparent or translucent portion is used to observe the situation in the silo 20 at any angle.

[0051] For example, the electrode packaging tube can be directly used as the silo 20 (without cost), the diameter of the silo 20 matches the automatic feeding device connected thereto, and the silo 20 is conveniently loaded onto the automatic feeding device, and the transparent or translucent part is used to observe the situation in the silo 20 at any angle, and find the remaining amount of electrodes in the silo 20, so as to add electrodes in time and avoid the lack of electrodes in the silo 20, which affects the processing efficiency. The transparent material is light in weight, reduces the overall deadweight of the device, and can be reused. Even if the silo 20 is replaced, the material cost is low, which saves costs.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, when the electrode needs to be replaced, it is configured as follows: After the effective processing section of the first electrode 105 is consumed, at any time after the remaining first electrode 105 is stored in the waste bin 20 by the electrode taking mechanism 102; Furthermore, the electrode taking mechanism 102 may be used to store the remaining first electrode 105 into the waste bin 20 and then the rotary head 10 may be lowered to approach the eye mold 50 by a certain distance at any time.

[0053] After the effective processing section of the first electrode 105 is consumed, the rotating head 10 can be automatically controlled to rise to the remaining first electrode 105 to extract the eye mold 50 and complete the storage of waste materials, which are uniformly stored in the waste bin 20 movably installed on the bracket for subsequent recycling or sorting.

[0054] When the effective processing section of the electrode is consumed, it automatically enters the next electrode replacement cycle, and a new electrode can be replaced for processing in a continuous cycle. The next electrode replacement time can be any time after the remaining first electrode 105 is stored in the waste bin 20 and the rotating head 10 is lowered to the eye mold 50. It may also be that after the remaining first electrode 105 is stored in the waste bin 20 and the rotating head 10 is lowered to the eye mold 50 to a distance of 0-20CM, the electrode is started to be transported. Any time can be when a preset time is reached or a preset distance is reached, for example, the preset time is within a reasonable range of 0-10 seconds, and the preset distance is within a reasonable range of 0-20CM.

[0055] In one embodiment, the process of performing discharge perforation processing on the workpiece using the first electrode 105 includes: The first electrode 105 is controlled to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece, and the penetration detection system 101 receives information that the first electrode 105 penetrates the lower surface of the workpiece, and controls the first electrode 105 to withdraw from the workpiece and process the next hole.

[0056] The penetration detection system 101 uses at least one of the detection methods of electrical contact, flame sensor, light sensor, infrared sensor, video, and electrical signal monitoring during discharge. During the processing, the penetration detection system 101 can be used to return the first electrode 105 as soon as the workpiece is penetrated. After processing a hole, the next hole can be processed quickly, further realizing automatic perforation, improving the degree of automation, and greatly improving the perforation efficiency, reducing electrode loss and labor costs.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the method further includes, during the electrode replacement process, the collet nut 90 is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 11, and at the same time, the collet nut stopper 107 is used to prevent the collet nut 90 from moving relative to the rotating shaft 11 during the passive rotation and / or shaking process; During the electrode replacement process, the collet nut 90 may rotate and / or shake passively due to the movement of the lead screw and the shaking and rotation of the feeding mechanism; when taking out the waste electrode, the collet nut 90 should be loosened until the new electrode is replaced and locked. During this process, the nut rotates in a non-constrained state, and is affected by the lifting and shaking of the rotating head 10, and the vibration of the feeding cylinder will cause it to move; or during the electrode feeding process (that is, using the automatic feeding device to feed the first electrode 105 in the hopper 20 into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10, and causing the first electrode 105 to move downward), the collet is In the unlocked state, the collet nut 90 is not under stress. If relative movement occurs, the nut cannot be locked when it is locked later. After multiple times of loosening, the nut will fall off. The collet nut 90 can adopt a spring stop method, that is, the spring elasticity is used to press on one end of the collet nut 90 so that pressure is generated between the internal thread in the nut and the thread of the rotating shaft 11 to prevent the collet nut 90 and the rotating shaft 11 from moving relative to each other in the unlocked state; a set screw can also be installed in the collet nut 90 to increase pressure or friction to achieve the above effect.

[0058] In one embodiment, the anti-drop portion can be used to prevent the collet nut 90 from falling off the rotating shaft 11. During processing, the collet nut 90 is used to clamp the collet and force the upper end of the collet to squeeze the water stopper 70 to clamp the first electrode 105 and seal the high-pressure water in the rotating shaft 11 from leaking out.

[0059] The anti-dropping portion may include an anti-dropping component 106 arranged on the outer wall of the collet nut 90, and an automatic clamping device 108 which can be moved to the collet nut 90 and clamp the anti-dropping component 106. In some cases, when the collet needs to be manually loosened or the parameters of the automatic collet loosening are not set correctly, the automatic clamping device 108 clamps or blocks the anti-dropping component 106 of the collet nut 90 to prevent the collet nut 90 from falling off the rotating shaft 11 in the event of an improper operation.

[0060] In one embodiment, during the process of controlling the first electrode 105 to rotate downward, the first electrode 105 is clamped by an automatic electrode supporting device 80, and the automatic electrode supporting device 80 includes at least a slider and a slide rail, and the slider remains relatively stationary or connected to the rotating head 10; the lower end of the slide rail is connected to the clamping mechanism; the automatic electrode supporting device 80 is configured to clamp the first electrode 105 as follows: Before the first electrode 105 is controlled to rotate and move downward, the clamping mechanism falls to the lowest point due to its own weight, and at this time, the distance between the clamping mechanism and the slider is the largest; In the process of controlling the first electrode 105 to rotate downward, the clamping mechanism does not move relative to the electrode position until the clamping mechanism reaches the preset blocking position and is blocked. At this time, the first electrode 105 is processed downward all the time, and the slide rail rises relative to the rotating head 10 because the lower end is blocked. When the clamp of the rotating head 10 approaches the eye mold 50 at a set distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closing position; the preset blocking position is 1-10 cm above the eye mold 50, and a blocking member is provided at this position to prevent the clamping mechanism from continuing to move downward and colliding with the eye mold 50 and other components.

[0061] Preferably, the clamping mechanism is installed at the machine head 100 between the eye mold 50 and the rotating head 10. When the rotating head 10 descends to a preset distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closing part and withdraws from the electrode to ensure that the clamping mechanism avoids the rotating head 10 moving downward. Compared with the above solution, the advantage is that the ineffective electrode length occupied by the clamping mechanism for perforation processing is saved.

[0062] The clamping mechanism is a pneumatic or electric mechanism; an elastic member is arranged at the opening and closing part of the clamping mechanism. The elastic member can be made of a material such as sponge, rubber, foam, silicone, etc. that is easy to clamp and will not damage the first electrode 105.

[0063] The electrode can be supported by controlling the opening and closing of the clamping mechanism. When the clamping mechanism is opened, the open space is used to facilitate the passage of the first electrode 105. When the clamping mechanism is closed, the elastic force after the clamping mechanism is closed is used to keep the first electrode 105 between the clamping mechanisms. This realizes automatic electrode support during the processing, so that the first electrode 105 remains relatively stable during the processing, reduces shaking, and improves the accuracy and speed of the processing hole.

[0064] In one embodiment, controlling the lower locking portion 40 to lock the lower end of the electrode based on the electrical signal includes: When the electrical signal is generated, the lower locking portion 40 is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; Or, after the electrical signal is generated, the first electrode 105 is continuously transported downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and then stops moving downward, so that the electrode can be as close to the workpiece as possible without delaying the processing efficiency due to the obstruction of the eye mold 50, and the lower locking part 40 is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; If the first electrode 105 continues to be transported downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and touches the workpiece, the electrode transportation is stopped and the lower locking part 40 is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode.

[0065] It may actually be that after receiving the electrical signal, the electrode is allowed to continue to be transported for a set time, a certain number of times or a preset distance, and then the lower end of the electrode is locked. If the workpiece is touched within the set time or number of times, the lower end of the electrode is locked in advance, which doubly ensures the effectiveness of electrode replacement and will not cause electrode replacement failure, thereby improving the efficiency of electrode replacement and subsequent processing, and at the same time can overcome the resistance and friction caused by debris such as dirt in the eye mold 50 or the double-layer structure of the eye mold 50 itself (with a connecting layer or step in the middle).

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a fully automatic perforating device, comprising: The electrode replacement part is configured as follows: when the electrode needs to be replaced, the automatic feeding device is used to feed the first electrode 105 in the hopper 20 into the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating head 10 during the movement of the rotating head 10 to the first preset position or at the first preset position, and the first electrode 105 moves downward, passes through the water stopper 70 and the upper locking part 30 in sequence, and the water stopper 70 is located in the rotating shaft 11; The electrical signal unit is configured to generate an electrical signal when the lower end of the first electrode 105 moves close to or contacts the electrode detection unit; The control unit is configured as follows: Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking portion 40 is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode 105; and the rotating head 10 is controlled to rise to a second preset position, so that at least a portion of the first electrode 105 is above the water stopper 70, and the upper locking portion 30 is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode 105; Or, based on the electrical signal, controlling the upper locking portion 30 to lock the upper end of the first electrode 105; After the upper end of the first electrode 105 is locked, the first electrode 105 is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the workpiece is subjected to discharge punching processing by the first electrode 105. The fully automatic punching device is used to implement the fully automatic punching method in the above embodiment.

[0067] The control unit can be configured as one of the above-mentioned implementation methods in an automatic or manual manner according to actual needs, and can be applied to different scenarios together with the fully automatic punching method in the above-mentioned embodiment to achieve faster and more stable electrode replacement and improve processing efficiency.

[0068] The present invention also provides a fully automatic punching machine. The above-mentioned fully automatic punching device or fully automatic punching machine is configured as: adopting the described fully automatic punching method, which may include the scheme in any embodiment of the above-mentioned punching method, and each component may adopt any device that can implement the above-mentioned method, which will not be described one by one here.

[0069] The present invention can speed up the time of changing electrodes from at least more than one minute to within 20 seconds, increase the efficiency by three times, and achieve a 100% success rate of changing electrodes. It can be improved to stably and automatically replace electrodes with a diameter of 0.3MM or more, greatly improving the success rate and processing efficiency of changing electrodes, while expanding the adaptability of automatic electrode changing; making the punching machine fully automated and realizing continuous automatic punching, facilitating mass production, and saving labor costs and time costs.

[0070] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic perforation method, characterized in that: include: When the electrode needs to be replaced, the automatic feeding device is used to feed the first electrode in the silo into the rotating shaft of the rotating head during the movement of the rotating head to the first preset position or at the first preset position, and the first electrode is moved downward, passing through the water stopper and the upper locking part in sequence, and the water stopper is located in the rotating shaft; When the lower end of the first electrode moves to approach or contact the electrode detection part, the electrode detection part generates an electrical signal; Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Or, based on the electrical signal, controlling the upper locking portion to lock the upper end of the first electrode; After the upper end of the first electrode is locked, the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the first electrode is used to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece.

2. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate and move downward, the lower end of the first electrode enters and completely passes through the eye mold; And / or, the electrode detection unit includes a detection device, and the electrode detection unit adopts at least one of electrical contact, conductive loop detection, metal detection, light detection, and video detection.

3. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode detection unit includes a detection device: The detection device is located between the upper locking portion and the workpiece; And / or, the detection device is at least one of located near the eye mold, formed integrally with the eye mold, and being a part of the eye mold; And / or, the motor of the rotating head is a hollow shaft motor.

4. The fully automatic perforating method according to claim 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary guide portion is provided above the eye mold, and the auxiliary guide portion is integrally formed with the eye mold or is separately and independently provided; the auxiliary guide portion is used to assist the first electrode in inserting into the central hole of the eye mold; The detection device is configured as at least one of: being close to the auxiliary guide portion, being integrally formed with the auxiliary guide portion, and being a part of the auxiliary guide portion.

5. The fully automatic perforating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole diameter of the water stopper matches the cross-sectional diameter of the first electrode; the first electrode in the silo is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head by at least one of the following methods: movement and / or blowing, roller transmission, pneumatic transmission, clamping transmission, and free fall when the electrode is released.

6. The fully automatic perforating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the first electrode in the silo is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head, the method further includes: The second electrode is restricted by the second electrode following prevention part to prevent the second electrode from entering the rotating shaft of the rotating head, wherein the second electrode is any other electrode in the silo except the first electrode; and / or, When the first electrode needs to be replaced again, the restriction of the second electrode following prevention part on the second electrode is first released; or, the second electrode following prevention part is used as an electrode waiting part, and when the first electrode needs to be replaced again, the restriction of the second electrode following prevention part on the second electrode entering the electrode waiting part is first released; And / or, the second electrode following prevention portion adopts at least one of blowing, blocking member, clamping and squeezing to prevent the second electrode from following the first electrode into the rotating shaft of the rotating head.

7. The fully automatic perforating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the electrode detection unit generates an electrical signal, the method further includes: based on the electrode delivery method or the size of the first electrode, selecting one of the following two methods to lock and position the first electrode: Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Based on the electrical signal, the upper locking portion is controlled to lock the upper end of the first electrode.

8. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electrode needs to be replaced, it is configured as follows: At any time after the effective processing section of the first electrode is consumed, the remaining first electrode is stored in the waste bin by the electrode taking mechanism; Or, at any time after the remaining first electrode is stored in the waste bin by using the electrode taking mechanism and the rotating head is lowered to approach the eye mold by a certain distance.

9. The fully automatic perforating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge perforation processing of the workpiece by using the first electrode comprises: Controlling the first electrode to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece, using the penetration detection system to receive information that the first electrode penetrates the lower surface of the workpiece, controlling the first electrode to withdraw from the workpiece and perform processing of the next hole; And / or, the silo is configured to have a transparent or translucent portion, and the transparent or translucent portion is used to observe the situation in the silo at any angle.

10. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further includes, during the electrode replacement process, the collet nut is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, and at the same time, using the collet nut stopper to prevent the collet nut from moving relative to the rotating shaft during the passive rotation and / or shaking process; And / or, the anti-drop portion is used to prevent the collet nut from falling off the rotating shaft.

11. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate downward, the first electrode is clamped by an automatic electrode supporting device, the automatic electrode supporting device at least includes a slider and a slide rail, the slider is relatively immobile or connected to the rotating head; the lower end of the slide rail is connected to the clamping mechanism; the automatic electrode supporting device is configured to clamp the first electrode as follows: Before the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, the clamping mechanism falls to the lowest point due to its own weight, and at this time, the distance between the clamping mechanism and the slider is the largest; In the process of controlling the first electrode to rotate downward, the clamping mechanism does not move relative to the electrode until the clamping mechanism reaches a preset blocking position and is blocked. At this time, the first electrode is processed downward all the time, and the slide rail rises relative to the rotating head because the lower end is blocked. When the clamping head of the rotating head approaches the eye mold at a set distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closing position; And / or, the clamping mechanism is installed at the machine head between the eye mold and the rotating head, and when the rotating head descends to a preset distance, the clamping mechanism opens the opening and closes and withdraws from the electrode; The clamping mechanism adopts a pneumatic or electric mechanism; an elastic member is arranged at the opening and closing position of the clamping mechanism.

12. The fully automatic perforation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlling the lower locking portion to lock the lower end of the electrode based on the electrical signal comprises: When the electrical signal is generated, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; Or, after the electrical signal is generated, the first electrode is allowed to continue to move downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and then stops moving downward, and the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode; If the first electrode continues to be transported downward for a preset time, a preset number of times or a preset distance and touches the workpiece, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the electrode when touching the workpiece.

13. A fully automatic perforating device, characterized in that: include: The electrode replacement part is configured such that when the electrode needs to be replaced, the first electrode in the material bin is fed into the rotating shaft of the rotating head by the automatic feeding device during the movement of the rotating head to the first preset position or at the first preset position, and the first electrode moves downward, passes through the water stopper and the upper locking part in sequence, and the water stopper is located in the rotating shaft; The electrical signal unit is configured to generate an electrical signal from the electrode detection unit when the lower end of the first electrode moves close to or contacts the electrode detection unit; The control unit is configured as follows: Based on the electrical signal, the lower locking part is controlled to lock the lower end of the first electrode; and the rotating head is controlled to rise to a second preset position so that at least a portion of the first electrode is above the water stopper, and the upper locking part is used to lock the upper end of the first electrode; Or, based on the electrical signal, controlling the upper locking portion to lock the upper end of the first electrode; After the upper end of the first electrode is locked, the first electrode is controlled to rotate and move downward, and the first electrode is used to perform discharge perforation processing on the workpiece.

14. A fully automatic punching machine, characterized in that: The fully automatic punching machine is configured to: adopt the fully automatic punching method described in any one of claims 1-12.

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