Automatic cladding welding device for high-wear-resistance steel tooth roller bit

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic cladding welding device for a high-wear-resistance steel tooth roller bit, which comprises a double-shaft positioner, a six-shaft manipulator, a cooling-water machine, a manipulator programming touch screen window, a master console, a laser gun, a manipulator control cabinet, a laser and two powder feeders, the powder feeder is connected with the laser gun through a pipeline, powder is fed into the laser gun through argon, the laser gun is installed at the tail end of the six-axis mechanical arm, the double-axis positioner is located on one side of the six-axis mechanical arm, the six-axis mechanical arm is electrically connected with the mechanical arm control cabinet through a line, and the mechanical arm control cabinet is electrically connected with the powder feeder through a line. The mechanical arm control cabinet is electrically connected with the mechanical arm programming touch screen window through a circuit, and the mechanical arm control cabinet is electrically connected with the double-shaft positioner through a circuit. According to the invention, the automatic hardfacing of the steel-tooth roller bit, the large-size roller bit and the medium-size roller bit (more than 6 inches), especially the small-size steel-tooth roller bit, is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling equipment, and in particular relates to an automatic cladding welding device for a high-wear-resistant steel tooth roller drill bit. Background Art

[0002] The roller drill bit is a common tool used in the drilling process in the oil, mining and other industries. It is connected to the drill string or the mud motor, rotates under the drive of the top drive or mud pump, and drills into the formation by applying drilling pressure. Common roller drill bits include steel tooth roller drill bits and insert tooth roller drill bits. The teeth of the insert tooth roller drill bit are cemented carbide (sintered from cobalt and tungsten carbide powder). The cemented carbide teeth are pressed into the tooth holes on the roller by external pressure, and the teeth are fixed by interference fit.

[0003] The other is a steel-tooth roller drill bit. The roller body is made of steel. The steel teeth are directly processed by machining equipment, and the tooth surface is welded with wear-resistant materials. The most commonly used method is to use oxyacetylene welding to melt the tubular tungsten carbide electrode (tungsten carbide powder is poured into the carbon steel tube) and then weld it to the tooth surface, which plays a role in wear resistance and rock crushing.

[0004] Generally speaking, steel tooth roller bits are used in soft formations, while insert tooth roller bits are used in relatively hard formations. Roller bits are divided into different models according to tooth height, tooth shape, and tooth density, and are further subdivided for different soft and hard formations.

[0005] For steel-toothed roller drill bits, the common method is to use oxyacetylene flame or argon arc welding to melt the wear-resistant electrode and perform surface cladding of the wear-resistant layer on the tooth surface. The electrode is a tungsten carbide electrode filled in a carbon steel tube. Due to the complex outer contour of the tooth distribution of roller drill bits and the small spacing between teeth, it is difficult to achieve automatic cladding of drill bits, especially small drill bits, using plasma automatic welding. In particular, small-sized drill bits, such as drill bits of 4 inches and below or short, small, and densely packed roller drill bits with small-sized IADC codes 217 and 317, cannot be automatically clad using oxyacetylene welding, and there are also problems with manual welding. Due to the short tooth surface, the weld layer after cladding is difficult to spread, and the tooth tip will be spherical or quasi-spherical after cladding, which will affect the penetration during use. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic cladding welding device for a high wear-resistant steel tooth roller drill bit to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic cladding welding device for a high-wear-resistant steel toothed roller drill, comprising a dual-axis positioner, a six-axis manipulator, a chiller, a manipulator programming touch screen window, a main control console, a laser gun, a manipulator control cabinet, a laser and a powder feeder, wherein there are two powder feeders, the powder feeder is connected to the laser gun through a pipeline, and the powder is fed into the laser gun through argon gas, the laser gun is installed at the end of the six-axis manipulator, the dual-axis positioner is located on one side of the six-axis manipulator, a tooling for fixing the roller is installed on the dual-axis positioner, and the six-axis manipulator is connected to the laser gun through a circuit. It is electrically connected to the manipulator control cabinet, which is electrically connected to the manipulator programming touch screen window through a line. The manipulator control is electrically connected to the dual-axis positioner through a line. By opening the communication window, the dual-axis positioner and the six-axis manipulator realize 8-axis linkage. The chiller is respectively connected to the laser gun and the laser through pipelines. The manipulator control cabinet, the laser, the powder feeder, and the chiller are connected to the main control console through lines. The main control console controls the laser power, the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder, and the temperature parameters of the chiller, and controls the simultaneous start-up of the manipulator control cabinet, the laser, the powder feeder, and the chiller, or starts them one after another.

[0008] Preferably, the tooling comprises an elastic expansion sleeve, a fixed tooling and a chuck, the elastic expansion sleeve is mounted on the fixed tooling, the bottom of the fixed tooling is fixed on the chuck, and the chuck is mounted on the dual-axis positioner.

[0009] Preferably, the robot programming touch screen window is used for trajectory programming and starting point setting of the robot. When the main control console gives a signal, the six-axis robot runs to the starting point and starts to move according to the programmed program. At the same time, the main control console gives a signal to start the laser, the powder feeder starts feeding powder, and the chiller starts.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention combines laser cladding technology with a six-axis robot and a dual-axis gapless positioner, and then, by designing a special quick clamping tool and coordinating with specific wear-resistant materials, realizes automatic wear-resistant surfacing of steel-tooth roller drill bits, large and medium-sized rollers (drill bits above 6 inches), especially small-sized steel-tooth roller drill bits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a steel-toothed gear in the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a position diagram of the six-axis manipulator and the two-axis positioner in the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the laser gun in the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 is a top view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a connection diagram of the circuit in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the tooling in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 It is a working state diagram of the six-axis manipulator and the two-axis positioner in the present invention;

[0019] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of laser cladding welding;

[0020] Fig.10 It is the trajectory diagram of surfacing welding;

[0021] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the wear-resistant material trajectory after surfacing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0024] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fixed connection" and "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a cross-sectional view of the gear. The present invention only relates to the steel-tooth gear, so a cross-sectional view of the steel-tooth gear is used, which includes steel teeth 1, a gear body 2 and an inner hole sliding bearing surface 3.

[0027] The present invention combines laser cladding technology with a six-axis robot and a dual-axis gapless positioner, and then designs a special quick clamping tool and cooperates with specific wear-resistant materials to achieve automatic wear-resistant surfacing of steel-tooth roller drill bits, large and medium-sized rollers (drill bits above 6 inches), especially small-sized steel-tooth roller drill bits.

[0028] See the overall layout Figure 2 The six-axis manipulator communicates with the two-axis RV positioner to achieve 8-axis linkage, and the manipulator fixes the laser welding gun. The selected laser can be selected as 5KW, 6KW, 8KW, 12KW or higher power according to needs.

[0029] The laser cladding gun is driven by a robot to perform operations such as movement, swing, and angle shift.

[0030] The basic motion system of the overall system is a six-axis robot and a two-axis positioner that are already communicating in linkage.

[0031] The cladding system includes a laser, a laser cladding gun, and a powder feeder. Powder is fed into the powder feeder through argon gas, and argon gas is used as a protective gas. The laser is cooled by circulating water from a water chiller.

[0032] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it is the overall layout of the system, including a dual-axis positioner 4, a six-axis manipulator 5, a chiller 6, a manipulator programming touch screen window 7, a main control console 8, a laser gun 9, a manipulator control cabinet 10, a laser 11 and a powder feeder 12. The figure is equipped with two powder feeders, and two kinds of powders can be used for surfacing. If only one kind of powder is needed, then only one powder feeder can be used. The powder feeder is connected to the laser gun through a pipeline, and the powder is fed into the gun through argon gas.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the above is a logic diagram of lines, pipelines and communications.

[0034] The robot 5 is connected to the robot control cabinet 10 via line G, and the robot control cabinet 10 is connected to the robot programming touch screen window 7 via line A, which is a standard connection of a conventional robot system.

[0035] The manipulator control cabinet 10 is connected to the double-axis positioner 4 via the line H. By opening the communication window, the double-axis positioner 4 and the manipulator 5 realize 8-axis linkage.

[0036] The manipulator 5 fixes the laser gun 9, and the powder feeder 12 is connected to the laser gun 9 through a pipeline F to deliver powder and protective gas.

[0037] The chiller is connected to the laser gun 9 and the laser 11 through the pipeline J and the pipeline I respectively, so as to cool the laser gun 9 and the laser 11.

[0038] The manipulator control cabinet 10, the laser 11, the powder feeder 12, and the chiller 6 are connected to the main control console 8 through lines. The main control console 8 can also be called a process control console to achieve the coordinated work of the three. The main control console 8 controls the power of the laser 3, the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder 12, the temperature of the chiller 6 and other parameters, and at the same time controls the manipulator control cabinet 10, the laser 11, the powder feeder 12, and the chiller 6 to start at the same time, or start them one after another.

[0039] The robot programming touch screen window 7 is mainly used for robot trajectory programming and starting point setting. When the main control console 8 gives a signal, the robot 5 moves to the starting point and starts to move according to the programmed program. At the same time, the main control console 8 gives a signal to start the laser 2, the powder feeder 12 starts feeding powder, and the chiller 6 starts.

[0040] At this time, the powder and the protective gas are fed into the laser gun 9, and the laser beam is generated on the surface of the workpiece to melt the powder to achieve cladding.

[0041] Since the trajectory of the roller drill bit that needs to be clad is relatively complex, an 8-axis linkage system of a manipulator 5 and a double-axis positioner 4 is used.

[0042] As mentioned above, the IADC code of steel-toothed roller bits, such as the 6-1 / 8-inch 317-type roller, shown in the figure above, has small and dense teeth. The 3-7 / 8-inch 317 and 2-7 / 8-inch 211-type rollers shown in the figure have very limited steel teeth due to their relatively small size.

[0043] After manual welding, the flow of the electrode after melting is restricted due to the very small tooth surface, and the head is often spherical or quasi-spherical. On the one hand, the appearance is poor, and on the other hand, the penetration is affected.

[0044] When using laser welding, since the focus of the light beam is very small and is not sensitive to the influence of geometric contours, surfacing can still be achieved by moving the focus back and forth, and the thickness can be controlled very finely, so the contour of the surfacing layer can be perfectly guaranteed.

[0045] According to the 3D image of the cone itself, the machining trajectory program is automatically generated through offline programming software such as SPrutCAM. There are many similar software, not limited to this, which can complete the programming. The program written by the above hardware and software can complete the above-mentioned small-sized drill bits, as well as medium and large-sized steel tooth cone drill bits.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown above, the tooling for fixing the steel gear is an example, but it is not limited to this tooling, including the chuck 16 installed on the double-axis positioner 4, the fixing tooling 15 and the elastic expansion sleeve 14 positioned according to the inner hole of the gear, and the inner hole size can be used to quickly clamp the gear. Other designs can achieve the fixed positioning of the gear, and the above is only an example, not limited to this. Figure 8 .

[0047] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of laser cladding welding. After the gear is fixed, the program and starting point are completed and cladding welding can be carried out. The trajectory is set during the cladding process to complete each tooth.

[0048] like Fig.10 As shown, the walking trajectory can refer to the above examples. In addition to horizontal reciprocating walking, vertical unilateral walking or reciprocating walking or adding swinging can be completed. The above is only an example and is not limited to this.

[0049] like Fig.11 As shown in the figure, the wear-resistant material track after surfacing welding is an example. The material can be nickel-based tungsten carbide, and the proportion of tungsten carbide can be adjusted as needed. It can also be iron-based powder, or even artificial diamond powder can be added to the powder. The above is only an example and is not limited to this.

[0050] It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cladding welding device for a high wear-resistant steel tooth roller drill, characterized in that: It includes a double-axis positioner, a six-axis manipulator, a chiller, a manipulator programming touch screen window, a main control console, a laser gun, a manipulator control cabinet, a laser and a powder feeder. There are two powder feeders, which are connected to the laser gun through a pipeline, and the powder is fed into the laser gun through argon gas. The laser gun is installed at the end of the six-axis manipulator. The double-axis positioner is located on one side of the six-axis manipulator. A tool for fixing the gear is installed on the double-axis positioner. The six-axis manipulator is electrically connected to the manipulator control cabinet through a line. The manipulator control cabinet is connected to the laser gun through a line. The robot is electrically connected to the robot programming touch screen window through the line, the robot control is electrically connected to the dual-axis positioner through the line, and the dual-axis positioner and the six-axis robot realize 8-axis linkage by opening the communication window. The chiller is respectively connected to the laser gun and the laser through pipelines, and the robot control cabinet, laser, powder feeder, and chiller are connected to the main control console through the line. The main control console controls the laser power, the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder, and the temperature parameters of the chiller, and controls the robot control cabinet, laser, powder feeder, and chiller to start at the same time, or start them one after another.

2. The automatic cladding welding device for a high wear-resistant steel tooth roller drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tooling comprises an elastic expansion sleeve, a fixed tooling and a chuck, the elastic expansion sleeve is installed on the fixed tooling, the bottom of the fixed tooling is fixed on the chuck, and the chuck is installed on the double-axis positioner.

3. The automatic cladding welding device for a high wear-resistant steel tooth roller drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The robot programming touch screen window is used for trajectory programming and starting point setting of the robot. When the main control console gives a signal, the six-axis robot moves to the starting point and starts to move according to the programmed program. At the same time, the main control console gives a signal to start the laser, the powder feeder and the chiller.

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