A laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting machines, and provides a laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism, which includes a moving seat and a cutting head. It also includes a focus height adjustment component, a printing height adjustment component, a distance measuring instrument, a camera and a feeding component. The focus height adjustment component is arranged on the moving seat and is used to adjust the height of the cutting head. The printing height adjustment component is arranged on the workbench and is used to adjust the height of the plastic plate. The distance measuring instrument is arranged on the moving seat and is used to measure the height of the workpiece or the plastic plate. The camera is arranged on the moving seat and is used to take pictures of the printing marks. The feeding component is used to convey the plastic plate to the printing height adjustment component. The feeding component includes a storage tank and an electric cylinder I. The storage tank is arranged on the workbench, and a discharge port is opened at the bottom of the storage tank. The electric cylinder I is arranged on the storage tank. Through the above technical solution, the problems in the prior art that the placement, recycling and adjustment of plastic plates are relatively complex, resulting in low cutting efficiency, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting machines, and more specifically, to a laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism. Background Art

[0002] A laser cutting machine emits laser light from a laser, which is focused into a laser beam with a high power density through an optical path system. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to reach the melting point or boiling point. At the same time, a high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the melted or vaporized metal. As the relative position of the beam and the workpiece moves, a cut is finally formed in the material, thus achieving the purpose of cutting.

[0003] During the cutting process of a laser cutting machine, the beam is focused into a very small focal point through the lens of the cutting head, so that a high power density is achieved at the focal point. Due to reasons such as manufacturing costs, the laser beams emitted by civilian laser generators all have a certain divergence angle and are in the shape of a "cone". When the height of the "cone" changes (equivalent to the change in the optical path length of the laser cutting machine), the cross-sectional area of the beam on the surface of the focusing lens also changes accordingly. In addition, light has the properties of waves, so diffraction phenomena will inevitably occur. Diffraction will cause the beam to expand laterally during propagation. Due to the "cone" shape of the Gaussian beam and the diffraction effect of light waves, when the optical path length changes, the diameter of the beam acting on the lens surface changes at all times, which will cause changes in the focal point size and focal depth. If the focal point size and focal depth change during continuous processing, it will inevitably have a great impact on processing. For example, it will cause inconsistent cutting seam widths, and the plate may not be cut through or ablated under the same cutting power. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the focal length of the laser.

[0004] In industrial production, generally three methods are used to determine the focal point position: the printing method, the inclined plate method, and the blue spark method. Among them, in the printing method, the cutting head moves from top to bottom to print the laser beam on a plastic plate. The position where the printing diameter is the smallest is the focal point. When using the printing method to adjust the position of the focal point, in actual use, a plastic plate matching the height of the workpiece needs to be used to adjust the focal point position matching the workpiece. The height of the plastic plate needs to be accurately adjusted, and the plastic plate needs to be recycled after printing. In the prior art, the placement and recycling of the plastic plate usually require manual operation. The plastic plate is located below the laser cutting tool, which poses a certain danger. And when placing the plastic plate, the height of the plastic plate needs to be adjusted and confirmed repeatedly, and the height adjustment process is relatively cumbersome, resulting in low laser cutting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism, which solves the problems in the prior art that the placement, recycling, and adjustment of the plastic plate are relatively complex, resulting in low cutting efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism, including a moving seat and a cutting head. The moving seat is arranged on the workbench of the laser cutting machine, and further includes:

[0008] A focus height adjustment component, which is arranged on the moving seat and used to adjust the height of the cutting head. The focus height adjustment component includes:

[0009] A first motor, which is arranged on the moving seat;

[0010] A speed reducer, which is arranged on the moving seat, and the input end of the speed reducer is arranged at the output end of the first motor;

[0011] A driving gear, which is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer;

[0012] A driven gear, which is rotatably arranged on the moving seat, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear;

[0013] A height adjustment screw rod, which is arranged on the cutting head. An adjustment nut matching the height adjustment screw rod is arranged on the driven gear, and a through hole for the height adjustment screw rod to pass through is opened on the moving seat;

[0014] A printing height adjustment component, which is arranged on the workbench and used to adjust the height of the plastic plate. The printing height adjustment component includes:

[0015] Adjusting blocks. There are two adjusting blocks, and the two adjusting blocks move relative to each other. The adjusting blocks are in contact with the bottom of the plastic plate. The top of the adjusting block is inclined, and the ends of the two adjusting blocks close to each other are the lower ends;

[0016] A limit frame, which is arranged on the workbench in a liftable manner, and the limit frame is in contact with the plastic plate;

[0017] A rangefinder, which is arranged on the moving seat and used to measure the height of the workpiece or the plastic plate;

[0018] A camera, which is arranged on the moving seat and used to photograph the printing traces;

[0019] A feeding component, which is used to convey the plastic plate to the printing height adjustment component. The feeding component includes:

[0020] A storage box, which is arranged on the workbench, and a discharge port is opened at the bottom of the storage box;

[0021] Electric cylinder 1 is arranged on the storage tank, and the output end of the electric cylinder 1 extends into the interior of the storage tank and contacts the plastic plate at the bottom.

[0022] To improve the stability of the plastic plate, a pressing component is further included. The pressing component includes:

[0023] A support frame is arranged on the workbench;

[0024] A lifting plate is arranged on the support frame in a liftable manner;

[0025] A pressing plate is arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate through a plurality of springs and a plurality of telescopic rods, and the pressing plate contacts the top of the plastic plate.

[0026] To achieve the synchronous lifting of the pressing plate and the plastic plate, a driving component is further included. The driving component is used to drive the adjusting block and the lifting plate to move. The driving component includes:

[0027] A bidirectional screw rod is rotatably arranged on the workbench. Two adjusting blocks are symmetrically arranged outside the bidirectional screw rod, and the two adjusting blocks are respectively in threaded fit with the two external threads of the bidirectional screw rod;

[0028] A driving screw rod is rotatably arranged on the top of the lifting plate, and the driving screw rod is in transmission connection with the bidirectional screw rod through a transmission member;

[0029] The transmission member includes:

[0030] A driving bevel gear is arranged at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod. The driving bevel gear is fixedly sleeved outside the driving rod;

[0031] A first transmission bevel gear. A first transmission rod is rotatably arranged on the support frame. There are two first transmission bevel gears, and the two first transmission bevel gears are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the first transmission rod. The first transmission bevel gear at the bottom meshes with the driving bevel gear;

[0032] A second transmission bevel gear. A second transmission rod is rotatably arranged on the support frame. There are two second transmission bevel gears, and the two second transmission bevel gears are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the second transmission rod. The first transmission bevel gear away from the driving gear meshes with one of the second transmission bevel gears;

[0033] A driven bevel gear is rotatably arranged on the support frame. The driven bevel gear meshes with the second transmission bevel gear away from the first transmission bevel gear. A driving nut adapted to the driving screw rod is arranged on the driven bevel gear, and a through hole for the driving screw rod to pass through is opened on the support frame.

[0034] For cooling and recycling the printed plastic plate, a cooling component is further included. The cooling component includes:

[0035] A cooling plate which is vertically movable on the moving seat. The bottom of the cooling plate contacts the plastic plate. A cooling cavity is formed inside the cooling plate, and a plurality of air outlet holes are formed at the bottom of the cooling plate. The air outlet holes are communicated with the cooling cavity;

[0036] An air storage cylinder which is arranged on the workbench and is communicated with the cooling cavity.

[0037] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. In the present invention, the two adjusting blocks can be driven to move relatively by the bidirectional screw. The plastic plate moves along the inclined surface of the adjusting block. When the two adjusting blocks approach each other, the plastic plate can be pushed upward. When the two adjusting blocks move away from each other, the plastic plate can be moved downward, so as to adjust the height of the plastic plate. The moving seat drives the cutting head and the distance measuring instrument to move. The distance measuring instrument measures the height of the workpiece, and then measures the height of the plastic plate, so that the height of the plastic plate is the same as that of the workpiece, ensuring that the focus is adjusted by using the method of printing on the plastic plate, and the height of the focus is adapted to the height of the workpiece.

[0039] 2. In the present invention, the moving seat drives the cutting head to move above the plastic plate. The cutting head emits laser. At the same time, the first motor and the reducer drive the driven gear to rotate, so that the height adjusting screw drives the cutting head to slowly lift and lower, and at the same time the cutting head slowly moves, and lines are printed on the plastic plate. The camera takes pictures of the line images and transmits the images to the processor. The processor judges the position where the line diameter is the thinnest, which is the position of the focus, and the first motor drives the cutting head to lift and lower to the height corresponding to the focus, realizing the adjustment of the focus height.

[0040] 3. In the present invention, during the process of the bidirectional screw driving the adjusting block to move, through the transmission of the transmission member, the driven bevel gear is driven to rotate, driving the driving screw to lift and lower. When the adjusting blocks approach each other and the plastic plate rises, the driving screw rises, so that the pressing plate and the plastic plate rise and fall at the same time. Under the action of the spring, the pressing plate presses the plastic plate tightly on the top of the adjusting block, ensuring the stability and levelness of the plastic plate.

[0041] 4. In the present invention, after the focus adjustment is completed, the adjusting block is driven to move by the bidirectional screw pump, so that the height of the printed plastic plate is flush with the height of the discharge port. The first electric cylinder pushes the plastic plate in the storage box towards the adjusting block, pushing the printed plastic plate out between the adjusting block and the pressing plate. A new plastic plate moves from the inside of the storage box to between the adjusting block and the pressing plate, preparing for the subsequent focus adjustment.

[0042] 5. In the present invention, the moving seat drives the cutting head and the cooling component to move. The cooling plate descends to contact the printed plastic plate. The moving seat drives the cooling plate to move, pushing the plastic plate to the edge of the workbench. Meanwhile, the low-temperature gas in the gas storage cylinder is conveyed into the cooling plate, and the plastic plate is cooled through the air outlet holes, facilitating the subsequent collection of the plastic plate.

[0043] 6. Therefore, compared with the prior art in which the plastic plate needs to be manually placed, adjusted, and recycled, in the present invention, the electric cylinder 1 pushes the plastic plate to move between the adjusting block and the pressing plate, and at the same time, the printed plastic plate is pushed away from the printing position. The distance between the two adjusting blocks is adjusted by the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod to drive the plastic plate to rise and fall. Cooperating with the rangefinder, the height of the plastic plate is adapted to the height of the workpiece. Through the cooperation of the motor 1, the reducer, the driving gear, the driven gear, and the height-adjusting screw rod, the height of the cutting head is finely adjusted. The cutting head performs laser printing on the plastic plate. The camera transmits the printed line image to the processor. The processor confirms the thinnest position of the line, which is the focal position, and adjusts the cutting head to the position corresponding to the focal point through the motor 1. The printed plastic plate is cooled by the cooling plate. At the same time, the movement of the moving seat can push the plastic plate to the edge of the workbench, facilitating the recycling of the plastic plate. The adjustment efficiency of laser cutting is relatively high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first perspective of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second perspective of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first perspective of the focus height-adjusting component, rangefinder, and camera of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second perspective of the focus height-adjusting component, rangefinder, and camera of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the printing height-adjusting component, pressing component, and driving component of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure:

[0051] 1. Moving seat; 2. Cutting head; 3. Workbench; 4. Rangefinder; 5. Camera;

[0052] 101. Motor 1; 102. Reducer; 103. Driving gear; 104. Driven gear; 105. Height-adjusting screw rod;

[0053] 201. Adjusting block; 202. Limiting frame; 203. Second electric cylinder

[0054] 301. Storage bin; 302. First electric cylinder

[0055] 401. Support frame; 402. Lifting plate; 403. Pressing plate

[0056] 501. Bidirectional screw; 502. Driving screw; 503. Second motor

[0057] 601. Driving bevel gear; 602. First transmission bevel gear; 603. Second transmission bevel gear; 604. Driven bevel gear; 605. Driving rod; 606. First transmission rod; 607. Second transmission rod

[0058] 701. Cooling plate; 702. Gas storage cylinder; 703. Third electric cylinder Detailed implementation manners

[0059] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] As Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a laser cutting device with a distance adjustment mechanism, which includes a moving base 1 and a cutting head 2. The moving base 1 is arranged on the workbench 3 of the laser cutting machine. There are mechanical components on the workbench 3 for moving the moving base 1 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. At the same time, a numerical control system is equipped to control the X and Y-axis movements of the moving base 1 and the output power of the cutting head 2. This is the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. It also includes a focus height adjustment component, a printing height adjustment component, a rangefinder 4, a camera 5, and a feeding component. Compared with the prior art in which the plastic plate needs to be manually placed, adjusted, and recycled, in the present invention, the electric cylinder 302 is used to push the plastic plate to between the adjusting block 201 and the pressing plate 403, and at the same time, the printed plastic plate is pushed away from the printing position. The distance between the two adjusting blocks 201 is adjusted by the rotation of the bidirectional screw 501 to drive the plastic plate to rise and fall, and cooperate with the rangefinder 4 to make the height of the plastic plate match the height of the workpiece. Through the cooperation of the motor 101, the reducer 102, the driving gear 103, the driven gear 104, and the height adjustment screw 105, the height of the cutting head 2 is finely adjusted. The cutting head 2 performs laser printing on the plastic plate. The camera 5 transmits the printed line image to the processor. The processor confirms the thinnest position of the line, which is the focus position, and adjusts the cutting head 2 to the corresponding focus position through the motor 101. The printed plastic plate is cooled by the cooling plate 701. At the same time, the movement of the moving base 1 can push the plastic plate to the edge of the workbench 3, facilitating the recycling of the plastic plate. The adjustment efficiency of laser cutting is relatively high.

[0061] The focus height adjustment component is arranged on the moving seat 1 and is used to adjust the height of the cutting head 2. The focus height adjustment component includes a first motor 101, a speed reducer 102, a driving gear 103, a driven gear 104 and a height adjustment screw 105. The first motor 101 is arranged on the moving seat 1, the speed reducer 102 is arranged on the moving seat 1, the input end of the speed reducer 102 is arranged at the output end of the first motor 101, the driving gear 103 is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 102, the driven gear 104 is rotatably arranged on the moving seat 1, the driven gear 104 meshes with the driving gear 103, the height adjustment screw 105 is arranged on the cutting head 2, an adjusting nut matching with the height adjustment screw 105 is arranged on the driven gear 104, a through hole for the height adjustment screw 105 to pass through is formed in the moving seat 1. By driving the driving gear 103 to rotate through the first motor 101 and the speed reducer 102, the driven gear 104 and the adjusting nut are driven to rotate. A sliding rod is arranged on the cutting head 2, and the sliding rod is in sliding fit with the moving seat 1. Through the cooperation of the height adjustment screw 105 and the adjusting nut and the limitation of the cutting head 2 by the sliding rod, the cutting head 2 can be driven to rise and fall by the height adjustment screw 105. By reducing the speed of the first motor 101 through the speed reducer 102, and at the same time, the number of teeth of the driving gear 103 is less than that of the driven gear 104, so that the adjusting nut rotates slowly, and the pitch of the height adjustment screw 105 is small, so that the cutting head 2 rises and falls slowly, realizing fine adjustment of the height of the cutting head 2, that is, the height of the focus.

[0062] The printing height adjustment component is arranged on the workbench 3 and is used to adjust the height of the plastic plate. The printing height adjustment component includes adjusting blocks 201 and a limiting frame 202. There are two adjusting blocks 201, and the two adjusting blocks 201 move relatively. The adjusting blocks 201 are in contact with the bottom of the plastic plate. The top of the adjusting blocks 201 is inclined, and the ends of the two adjusting blocks 201 close to each other are the lower ends. The limiting frame 202 is arranged on the workbench 3 in a liftable manner, and the limiting frame 202 is in contact with the plastic plate. There are two second electric cylinders 203 arranged on the workbench 3, and there are two limiting frames 202. The limiting frames 202 and the second electric cylinders 203 are in one-to-one correspondence. The limiting frames 202 are arranged at the output ends of the second electric cylinders 203. The two limiting frames 202 are located on both sides of the plastic plate. The directions of the two limiting frames 202 are perpendicular to the directions of the two adjusting blocks 201, and cooperate with the two adjusting blocks 201 to limit the plastic plate. By the second electric cylinders 203, the limiting frames 202 can be driven to rise and fall. The limiting frames 202 can support and limit the plastic plate to prevent the plastic plate from falling onto the workbench 3. The plastic plate moves along the top inclined surface of the adjusting blocks 201. By the movement of the two adjusting blocks 201, the plastic plate rises and falls along the top inclined surface of the adjusting blocks 201 to adjust the height of the plastic plate to match the workpiece.

[0063] The rangefinder 4 is arranged on the moving seat 1 and is used to measure the height of the workpiece or plastic plate. The camera 5 is arranged on the moving seat 1 and is used to take pictures of the printing traces. The rangefinder 4 emits a laser beam, and a photoelectric element is used to receive the laser beam reflected by the target. The timer calculates the time from the emission of light to the reception of the beam, and calculates the distance, so as to measure the distance between the workpiece and the plastic plate and the moving seat 1, that is, to measure the height of the workpiece and the plastic plate. The camera 5 takes pictures of the plastic plate after laser printing and transmits the printed image to the processor. The processor judges the thickness of the printing traces. The processor can record the height of the cutting head 2 and the route of the printing traces. The thinnest part of the printing traces is the focal position. According to the record, the height of the cutting head 2 at this time can be found. The cutting head 2 is adjusted to the height corresponding to the focal point by driving the height-adjusting screw rod 105 to rotate through the first motor 101 and the reducer 102. The rangefinder 4, the camera 5 and the processor are all well-known prior arts to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] The feeding component is used to convey the plastic plate to the printing height-adjusting component. The feeding component includes a storage box 301 and a first electric cylinder 302. The storage box 301 is arranged on the workbench 3. The bottom of the storage box 301 is provided with a discharge port. The first electric cylinder 302 is arranged on the storage box 301. The output end of the first electric cylinder 302 extends into the interior of the storage box 301 and contacts the plastic plate at the bottom. The plastic plates are stacked horizontally in the storage box 301 in sequence. The first electric cylinder 302 is initially inside the side wall of the storage box 301 and contacts the bottommost plastic plate. The bottommost plastic plate can be pushed out of the discharge port through the first electric cylinder 302. The height of the printed plastic plate is adjusted by the adjusting block 201 to make it correspond to the height of the discharge port. The second electric cylinder 203 drives the limiting frame 202 to descend below the plastic plate, so that the first electric cylinder 302 pushes the new plastic plate to contact the printed plastic plate. The first electric cylinder 302 continues to push the plastic plate, moves the new plastic plate to the top of the adjusting block 201, and pushes the printed plastic plate away from the adjusting block 201 onto the workbench 3, so as to realize the replacement of the plastic plate. When the first electric cylinder 302 pushes the plastic plate, its conveying shaft can block the upper plastic plate. When the first electric cylinder 302 shortens to its original position, the plastic plate above the storage box 301 loses the block of the output shaft of the first electric cylinder 302 and falls on the inner bottom wall of the storage box 301 to prepare for the subsequent pushing of the plastic plate.

[0065] To improve the stability of the plastic plate, a pressing component is further included. The pressing component includes a support frame 401, a lifting plate 402 and a pressing plate 403. The support frame 401 is arranged on the workbench 3. The lifting plate 402 is arranged on the support frame 401 in a liftable manner. The pressing plate 403 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate 402 through a plurality of springs and a plurality of telescopic rods. The pressing plate 403 contacts the top of the plastic plate;

[0066] In order to realize the synchronous lifting of the pressing plate 403 and the plastic plate, a driving component is also included, which is used to drive the adjustment block 201 and the lifting plate 402 to move. The driving component includes a bidirectional screw 501 and a driving screw 502. The bidirectional screw 501 is rotatably arranged on the workbench 3, and a driving cavity is arranged on the workbench 3. A motor 2 503 is arranged inside the driving cavity for driving the bidirectional screw 501 to rotate. The two adjustment blocks 201 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the bidirectional screw 501, and the two adjustment blocks 201 are respectively threadedly matched with the two external threads of the bidirectional screw 501. The driving screw 502 is arranged on the top of the lifting plate 402, and the driving screw 502 is connected to the bidirectional screw 501 through a transmission member.

[0067] The transmission parts include a driving bevel gear 601, a driving bevel gear 1 602, a driving bevel gear 2 603 and a driven bevel gear 604. Both ends of the bidirectional screw 501 are provided with driving rods 605. The driving bevel gear 601 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the driving rod 605. One of the driving rods 605 is arranged at the output end of the motor 2 503. A driving rod 1 606 is rotatably arranged on the support frame 401. There are two driving bevel gears 1 602. The two driving bevel gears 1 602 are respectively fixedly arranged at both ends of the driving rod 1 606. The driving bevel gear 1 602 at the bottom is meshed with the driving bevel gear 601. The driving rod 2 606 is rotatably arranged on the support frame 401. 07, there are two transmission bevel gears 603, which are fixedly arranged at the two ends of the transmission rod 607, respectively. The transmission bevel gear 1 602 far away from the driving gear 103 is meshed with one of the transmission bevel gears 603, and the driven bevel gear 604 is rotatably arranged on the support frame 401, and the driven bevel gear 604 is meshed with the transmission bevel gear 2 603 far away from the transmission bevel gear 1 602. The driven bevel gear 604 is provided with a driving nut adapted to the driving screw 502, and a through hole for the driving screw 502 to pass through is opened on the support frame 401, and a limiting rod is provided on the lifting plate 402, and the limiting rod and the support frame 401 are in sliding fit;

[0068] The motor two 503 can drive the drive rod 605 and the bidirectional screw 501 to rotate. The bidirectional screw 501 drives the two adjusting blocks 201 to approach or move away from each other. At the same time, the drive rod 605 drives the drive bevel gear 601, the first transmission bevel gear 602, the second transmission bevel gear 603 and the driven bevel gear 604 to rotate, thereby driving the drive screw 502 to lift, driving the lifting plate 402 and the pressing plate 403 to lift. When the two adjusting blocks 201 approach each other and the plastic plate rises, the drive screw 502 drives the lifting plate 402 and the pressing plate 403 to rise. When the bidirectional screw 501 rotates in reverse, driving the two adjusting blocks 201 to move away from each other and the plastic plate to descend, the drive screw 502 drives the lifting plate 402 and the pressing plate 403 to descend. The lifting plate 402 rises and falls with the plastic plate. Under the action of the spring, the pressing plate 403 presses the plastic plate against the surface of the adjusting block 201, and cooperates with the adjusting block 201 to limit the plastic plate, so that the plastic plate is in the middle position between the two adjusting blocks 201, ensuring the level of the plastic plate and the stability of the plastic plate at the same time.

[0069] To cool down and recycle the printed plastic plate, a cooling component is further included. The cooling component includes a cooling plate 701 and a gas storage cylinder 702. The cooling plate 701 is arranged on the moving seat 1 in a liftable manner. An electric cylinder three 703 is arranged on the moving seat 1. The cooling plate 701 is arranged at the output end of the electric cylinder three 703. The bottom of the cooling plate 701 contacts the plastic plate. A cooling cavity is opened inside the cooling plate 701. A plurality of air outlet holes are opened at the bottom of the cooling plate 701. The air outlet holes are communicated with the cooling cavity. The gas storage cylinder 702 is arranged on the workbench 3. The gas storage cylinder 702 is communicated with the cooling cavity. Liquid nitrogen or other low-temperature liquefied gases are contained inside the gas storage cylinder 702. A valve is arranged on the gas storage cylinder 702. When the new plastic plate pushes the printed plastic plate from between the adjusting block 201 and the pressing plate 403 to the surface of the workbench 3, the moving seat 1 drives the cooling plate 701 to move above the plastic plate. By opening the valve of the gas storage cylinder 702, the low-temperature gas in the gas storage cylinder 702 enters the cooling cavity. The electric cylinder three 703 drives the cooling plate 701 to press against the surface of the plastic plate, and cools down the plastic plate through the low-temperature gas. At the same time, the moving seat 1 drives the cooling plate 701 to move, pushing the plastic plate to the edge position of the workbench 3. Then the moving seat 1 drives the cutting head 2 to perform the laser cutting work of the workpiece. At this time, the plastic plate at the edge can be recycled, reducing potential safety hazards.

[0070] The working principle or usage process of the distance adjustment mechanism of this laser cutting machine is as follows:

[0071] Fix the workpiece at a suitable position on the workbench 3. Move the moving seat 1 above the workpiece through the numerical control system. Measure the distance between the workpiece and the distance measuring instrument 4 with the distance measuring instrument 4. Place a plastic plate between the initial pressing plate 403 and the adjusting block 201. Move the moving seat 1 above the plastic plate. Turn on the second motor 503. The second motor 503 drives the bidirectional screw 501 to rotate, adjust the distance between the two adjusting blocks 201, and lift and lower the plastic plate. At the same time, measure the distance between the plastic plate and the distance measuring instrument 4 with the distance measuring instrument 4. When the measured data is equal to the distance between the workpiece and the distance measuring instrument 4, the second motor 503 stops, so that the plastic plate and the workpiece are at the same height. During this process, drive the driven bevel gear 604 to rotate through the driving bevel gear 601, the first transmission bevel gear 602 and the second transmission bevel gear 603, so that the driving screw 502 drives the lifting plate 402 to lift and lower with the plastic plate. Under the action of the spring, the pressing plate 403 presses the plastic plate against the surface of the adjusting block 201;

[0072] The cutting head 2 emits laser to perform laser printing on the plastic plate. The moving seat 1 drives the cutting head 2 to move, and print a straight line trace on the plastic plate. At the same time, the first motor 101 drives the height-adjusting screw 105 and the cutting head 2 to slowly lift and lower, and print the traces of the cutting head 2 at different heights on the plastic plate. The camera 5 takes pictures of the printing traces on the plastic plate and transmits the images to the processor. The processor judges the position where the printing trace is thinnest, and finds the height of the cutting head 2 corresponding to this position according to the record, and controls the first motor 101 to drive the height-adjusting screw 105 to rotate, so that the cutting head 2 is lifted and lowered to the corresponding focal height;

[0073] The moving seat 1 drives the cutting head 2 to move to cut the workpiece. During this process, the second motor 503 drives the adjusting block 201 to move, so that the printed plastic plate is lifted to the height corresponding to the discharge port. The first electric cylinder 302 pushes the plastic plate in the storage box 301 out of the discharge port. The second electric cylinder 203 drives the limiting frame 202 to descend to a height lower than the plastic plate. The new plastic plate moves between the adjusting plate and the pressing plate 403, and at the same time pushes the printed plastic plate out between the adjusting block 201 and the pressing plate 403. After cutting, the moving seat 1 drives the cutting head 2 and the cooling plate 701 to move to the printed plastic plate. Open the gas storage cylinder 702 through the valve, so that the low-temperature gas in the gas storage cylinder 702 enters the cooling chamber. Drive the cooling plate 701 to descend through the third electric cylinder 703. The cooling plate 701 is pressed above the printed plastic plate to cool the plastic plate. At the same time, the moving seat 1 moves, drives the cooling plate 701 to push the plastic plate to the edge of the workbench 3, and then the moving seat 1 drives the cutting head 2 to continue cutting or focus adjustment, and recycle the plastic plate at the edge of the workbench 3.

[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device with a distance control mechanism, comprising a moving seat (1) and a cutting head (2), wherein the moving seat (1) is arranged on a working table (3) of a laser cutting machine, and is characterized in that: Also includes: A focus height adjustment component, the focus height adjustment component being arranged on the movable seat (1) and being used for adjusting the height of the cutting head (2); A printing height adjustment component, the printing height adjustment component is arranged on the workbench (3) and is used to adjust the height of the plastic plate, the printing height adjustment component comprises: An adjusting block (201), wherein two adjusting blocks (201) are provided, the two adjusting blocks (201) move relative to each other, the adjusting blocks (201) are in contact with the bottom of the plastic plate, the top of the adjusting block (201) is arranged in an inclined manner, and the ends of the two adjusting blocks (201) that are close to each other are the lower ends; a limiting frame (202), the limiting frame (202) being arranged on the workbench (3) in a liftable manner, the limiting frame (202) being in contact with the plastic plate; a distance meter (4), the distance meter (4) being arranged on the movable seat (1) and being used for measuring the height of a workpiece or a plastic plate; A camera (5), the camera (5) being arranged on the movable seat (1) and being used for photographing the printing trace; A feeding component, which is used to transport the plastic plate to the print height adjustment component, and includes: A material storage box (301), the material storage box (301) being arranged on the workbench (3), and a material discharge port being provided at the bottom of the material storage box (301); An electric cylinder (302) is arranged on the material storage box (301), and an output end of the electric cylinder (302) extends into the interior of the material storage box (301) and contacts a plastic plate at the bottom; A pressing component, the pressing component comprising: A support frame (401), the support frame (401) being arranged on the workbench (3); A lifting plate (402), the lifting plate (402) being liftable and arranged on the supporting frame (401); A pressing plate (403), the pressing plate (403) being arranged at the bottom of the lifting plate (402) via a plurality of springs and a plurality of telescopic rods, the pressing plate (403) being in contact with the top of the plastic plate; A driving component, the driving component is used to drive the adjustment block (201) and the lifting plate (402) to move, and the driving component comprises: A bidirectional screw (501), the bidirectional screw (501) being rotatably arranged on the workbench (3), the two adjustment blocks (201) being symmetrically arranged outside the bidirectional screw (501), and the two adjustment blocks (201) being threadably matched with two external threads of the bidirectional screw (501); A driving screw rod (502) is rotatably disposed on the top of the lifting plate (402), and the driving screw rod (502) is drivingly connected to the bidirectional screw rod (501) via a transmission member.

2. The laser cutting device with a distance control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focus heightening component comprises: Motor 1 (101), the motor 1 (101) being arranged on the movable seat (1); A reducer (102), the reducer (102) being arranged on the movable seat (1), and the input end of the reducer (102) being arranged at the output end of the motor 1 (101); A driving gear (103), the driving gear (103) being arranged at an output end of the reducer (102); A driven gear (104), the driven gear (104) being rotatably disposed on the movable seat (1), the driven gear (104) being meshed with the driving gear (103); A height-adjusting screw (105) is arranged on the cutting head (2); an adjusting nut matching the height-adjusting screw (105) is arranged on the driven gear (104); and a through hole for the height-adjusting screw (105) to pass through is opened on the movable seat (1).

3. The laser cutting device with a distance control mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission member comprises: A driving bevel gear (601), wherein driving rods (605) are provided at both ends of the bidirectional screw rod (501), and the driving bevel gear (601) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the driving rod (605); A transmission bevel gear 1 (602), a transmission rod 1 (606) is rotatably arranged on the support frame (401), two transmission bevel gears 1 (602) are arranged, and the two transmission bevel gears 1 (602) are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the transmission rod 1 (606), and the transmission bevel gear 1 (602) located at the bottom is meshed with the driving bevel gear (601); A transmission bevel gear 2 (603), a transmission rod 2 (607) is rotatably arranged on the support frame (401), two transmission bevel gears 2 (603) are arranged, and the two transmission bevel gears 2 (603) are respectively fixedly arranged at two ends of the transmission rod 2 (607), and the transmission bevel gear 1 (602) away from the driving gear (103) is meshed with one of the transmission bevel gears 2 (603); A driven bevel gear (604) is rotatably arranged on the support frame (401), the driven bevel gear (604) is meshed with the second transmission bevel gear (603) which is away from the first transmission bevel gear (602), the driven bevel gear (604) is provided with a driving nut adapted to the driving screw rod (502), and the support frame (401) is provided with a through hole for the driving screw rod (502) to pass through.

4. The laser cutting device with a distance control mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling component, the cooling component including: A cooling plate (701), the cooling plate (701) being movably arranged on the movable seat (1), the bottom of the cooling plate (701) being in contact with the plastic plate, a cooling chamber being provided inside the cooling plate (701), a plurality of air outlets being provided at the bottom of the cooling plate (701), the air outlets being in communication with the cooling chamber; A gas storage bottle (702), the gas storage bottle (702) being arranged on the workbench (3), and the gas storage bottle (702) being in communication with the cooling chamber.

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