Combined and separated throwing cover

Abstract

The device comprises a base, a head cover, a protective cover, a locking mechanism, an annular energy-gathered cutting rope, an exploder and a cutting pin. The base, the head cover and the protective cover are all shells and are coaxially mounted; the large-diameter end of the hood front section of a conical structure is connected with the hood middle section; a plurality of continuous weakening grooves are uniformly distributed in the inner circumferential surfaces of the middle and rear sections of the hood in the circumferential direction; the hood rear section is fixedly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the base front section; the shield is sleeved in the head cover, and the shield middle section is fixedly connected with the head cover middle section through a plurality of locking mechanisms; a cutting pin matched with the weakening groove is fixed at the middle section of the shield; the annular energy-gathering cutting rope is fixed to the tail end of the front hood section and used for cutting off the connection between the front hood section and the middle hood section, the locking mechanism fails under the separation counter-acting force, the shield and the cutting pin move backwards, the cutting pin cuts off the weakening groove, the middle hood section and the rear hood section are cut and sectioned, and the middle hood section and the rear hood section are separated from the base. The shield rear section is fixedly connected with the base front section in a clamped mode and limited by the end face of the base rear section. The occupied space and the mass are reduced to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft separation, and in particular relates to a combined separation jettison cover. Background Art

[0002] The aircraft is generally equipped with an optical window on the head. In order to meet the requirements of optical imaging, the outer contour of the optical window is generally a partial spherical structure or a combination of a partial spherical and conical structure. The above shapes usually have an adverse effect on the aerodynamics and heat protection of the aircraft. Therefore, it is necessary to install a protective cover on the outside of the optical window. According to the needs of the aircraft, the protective cover can be thrown away from the aircraft at a predetermined height, speed or time.

[0003] There are two main schemes for the existing shield ejection technology: First, a complex mechanism is used to move the position of the protective shield. The moving mechanism usually contains a power source (such as a drive motor, a high-pressure gas cylinder, an actuator, etc.), an unlocking mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a position sensing device, a stop mechanism, etc., but such a mechanism is large in size, complex in structure, heavy in mass, has many actuation steps, and slow in response speed. It may even require the aircraft to provide additional power supply or gas source for the protective shield, occupying the precious space, mass and electrical resources of the aircraft; second, a protective shield with its own separation engine is used to unlock and separate the protective shield from the aircraft under the power of its own separation engine, but such a protective shield needs to be installed with a separation engine inside. The separation engine is generally composed of an engine casing, a charge, a nozzle, an ignition device and a safety protection device. It has a complex structure and a large size, occupies the limited space and mass of the aircraft, and the separation engine is separated from the aircraft together with the protective shield. After the charge is consumed, the remaining part is the dead weight of the mechanism, which increases the mass of the protective shield. In addition, it is necessary to set a flame exhaust window in the protective cover shell to ensure that the separated engine can exhaust flames through the nozzle and the window. To meet the flame exhaust requirements, the flame exhaust window needs to be optimized in appearance and heat-resistant treated. It is also necessary to ensure that other important parts of the aircraft are not damaged or burned after the separation engine exhausts flames. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a combined separation ejection cover, which integrates all the structural elements required for separation and unlocking, has a simple structure and a small size, reduces the space and mass occupied by the aircraft, and does not require a flame exhaust window, thus avoiding the disadvantages caused by the flame exhaust window.

[0005] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a combined separation throwing hood, including a base, a hood, a protective hood, a locking mechanism, an annular energy-gathering cutting rope, a detonator and a cutting pin; the base, the hood and the protective hood are all shells and are coaxially installed, the base and the protective hood are open at both ends, the front end of the hood is closed and the rear end is open; the base is divided into a front section and a rear section, the hood and the protective hood are both divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section, the front section of the hood is a conical structure, and its large diameter end is connected to the middle section of the hood; the inner circumference of the middle and rear sections of the hood is evenly arranged with a plurality of continuous weakening grooves, and the extension direction of the weakening grooves is parallel to the axis of the hood; the rear section of the hood is sleeved and fixed on the outer circumference of the front section of the base; the protective hood is sleeved in the hood, and the outer circumference of the front section of the protective hood is connected to the hood The inner circumference of the front section of the hood is bonded, and the middle section of the protective hood is fixedly connected to the middle section of the head hood by a number of locking mechanisms; a number of cutting pins cooperating with the weakening grooves are fixed to the middle section of the protective hood; the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is circumferentially fixed to the inner circumference of the end of the front section of the head hood, and the detonator is fixed to the front section of the protective hood corresponding to the annular energy-focusing cutting rope and is used to detonate the annular energy-focusing cutting rope; the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is used to cut off the connection between the front section of the head hood and the middle section of the head hood, and the locking mechanism fails under its separation reaction force, and the protective hood and the cutting pin move backward relative to the middle section of the head hood, and the cutting pin cuts the weakening groove to cut the middle and rear sections of the head hood into petals to separate it from the base, and the outer circumference of the rear section of the protective hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the inner circumference of the front section of the base and is limited by the front end face of the rear section of the base.

[0006] Furthermore, an annular opening groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is fixed in the annular opening groove, and the jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and outward; a through hole is provided on the front section of the shield, and the detonator is fixed in the through hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the annular opening groove is a conical surface, and its conical half angle is the same as the conical half angle of the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the head cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the middle section of the hood and the middle section of the protective cover have a clearance fit, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the middle section of the protective cover, and the middle section of the hood is evenly provided with a number of countersunk holes penetrating the middle section of the hood in the circumferential direction; the middle section of the protective cover is provided with a small threaded hole penetrating the middle section of the protective cover and cooperating with the countersunk hole; the locking mechanism is a locking nail, and the locking nail is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft, the small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section of the stepped shaft, and the second section of the stepped shaft has the smallest diameter; the conical section and the first section of the stepped shaft are matched with the countersunk hole, and the third section of the stepped shaft is fixed with the small threaded hole; the intersection area between the gap between the middle section of the hood and the middle section of the protective cover and the locking nail is located in the second section of the stepped shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of each weakening groove is parallel to the axis of the middle section of the hood, and the width of the weakening groove gradually decreases from front to back; the middle section of the hood is provided with a plurality of large threaded holes that cooperate with the weakening grooves, and the large threaded holes penetrate the middle section of the hood; the cutting pin is a stepped shaft structure, the first step shaft has the smallest diameter, the third step shaft has the largest diameter, the second step shaft is fixedly connected with the large threaded hole by threaded cooperation, the top of the third step shaft is engaged with the bottom of the large threaded hole, and the diameter of the first step shaft is smaller than the width of the front end of the weakening groove and larger than the width of the end of the weakening groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the front section of the base and the rear section of the head cover are fixed by threaded cooperation, a threaded back groove is provided at the connection between the front section of the base and the rear section of the base, and a threaded back groove is provided at the connection between the rear section of the head cover and the middle section of the head cover.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner circumference of the front section of the base and the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield are both rough conical surfaces, and the length of the front section of the base is the same as the length of the rear section of the shield; the small diameter end of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is connected to the rear section of the base, and the large diameter end of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield is connected to the middle section of the shield; the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield, and the conical half-angle of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is smaller than the circumferential half-angle of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield.

[0012] Furthermore, the base, the shield, the cutting pin and the locking pin are all made of metal materials, and the head cover is made of metal material or non-metal material.

[0013] Furthermore, the base, the shield and the locking pin are made of steel, the cutting pin is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of one of steel, aluminum alloy or composite material. Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The present invention does not need to add additional unlocking mechanisms, transmission mechanisms, position sensing devices, stop mechanisms, etc., which solves the problems of the prior art that the structure is complex, the volume is large, and the limited space and mass of the aircraft are occupied. In addition, the hood can be jettisoned without setting a flame exhaust window. The present invention decomposes the separation problem of the hood and the base into the first separation of the front section of the hood and the rear structure of the hood (the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the hood) and the second separation of the rear structure of the hood and the base, so that the separated body can more reliably leave the aircraft route.

[0015] 2. The bottom surface of the annular opening groove of the present invention is set as a conical surface, and the jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and outward, so as to maximize the effectiveness of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope, and utilize the metal jet of the cutting rope to remove the connection between the front section and the middle section of the hood. The gas expansion work and the kinetic energy transfer of the metal jet caused by the detonation of the cutting rope metal jet are utilized to realize the separation of the front section of the hood, thereby simplifying the system structure and reducing the quality and cost.

[0016] 3. Before detonation, the present invention utilizes an annular energy-focusing cutting pin and a locking pin to securely connect the hood and the protective cover, and utilizes a weakening groove to weaken the strength of the rear structure of the hood. After detonation, while the front end of the hood is separated, the reaction force is utilized to render the locking pin ineffective, and the cutting pin separates the rear structure of the hood into petals from the base, resulting in a faster separation speed.

[0017] 4. The present invention respectively arranges rough conical surfaces on the shield and the base, the two conical surfaces have equal axial lengths, and the two conical surfaces have different cone half angles. When the shield and the base move relatively close to each other, the two conical surfaces contact and deform to achieve locking of the two, and the locking structure is simple and reliable.

[0018] 5. The base, shield and locking pin of the present invention are made of steel, the cutting pin is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of steel, aluminum alloy or a composite material, which not only meets the requirement of overall light weight but also provides strong protection for the optical window. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the front view of the combined separation shield.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the A-direction view of the combined separation projection cover.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the C-C cross-sectional view of the combined separation ejection cover.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partial view of the hood in the direction of B.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of cutting pin.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of locking pin.

[0025] Among them, 1-base, 2-hood, 3-shield, 4-annular energy-gathering cutting rope, 5-detonator, 6-cutting pin, 7-locking nail, 101-outer peripheral surface of the front section of the base, 102-outer peripheral surface of the rear section of the base, 103-inner peripheral surface of the front section of the base, 104-inner peripheral surface of the rear section of the base, 105-front end surface of the rear section of the base, 201-inner peripheral surface of the front section of the hood, 202-inner peripheral surface of the middle section of the hood, 203-inner peripheral surface of the rear section of the hood, 204-bottom surface of the annular opening groove, 205-front end surface of the weakening groove, 206-first side surface, 207-second side surface, 208- Weaken the bottom surface of the groove, 209 - rear end face of the head cover, 301 - outer peripheral surface of the front section of the shield, 302 - outer peripheral surface of the middle section of the shield, 303 - rear end face of the middle section of the shield, 304 - outer peripheral surface of the rear section of the shield, 305 - rear end face of the rear section of the shield, 306 - front end face of the front section of the shield, 307 - inner peripheral surface of the front section of the shield, 308 - inner peripheral surface of the middle section of the shield, 309 - inner peripheral surface of the rear section of the shield, 601 - first step shaft, 602 - second step shaft, 603 - third step shaft, 701 - first section of the step shaft, 702 - second section of the step shaft, 703 - third section of the step shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] The present invention provides a combined separation throwing cover, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the combined separation ejection hood includes a base 1, a head hood 2, a protective hood 3, a locking mechanism, an annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4, a detonator 5 and a cutting pin 6; the base 1, the head hood 2 and the protective hood 3 are all shells and are coaxially installed, the base 1 and the protective hood 3 are open at both ends, the head hood 2 is closed at the front end and open at the rear end, and the lengths appearing in the following text are all lengths along the axial direction.

[0028] The base 1 is divided into a front section and a rear section from front to back, the outer circumference 101 of the front section of the base is a circular surface, and the rear section of the base is a cylindrical structure, that is, the inner circumference 104 of the rear section of the base and the outer circumference 102 of the rear section of the base are both circular surfaces, and the outer diameter of the front section of the base is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear section of the base, that is, the rear section of the base has a rear section front end face 105 facing the front section of the base, and the rear section front end face 105 of the base is perpendicular to the axis of the base 1. The outer circumference 101 of the front section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the head cover 2 before detonation, and the inner circumference 103 of the front section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the shield 3 after detonation; the rear section of the base is used to be fixedly connected with the aircraft.

[0029] like Figure 1 , 3As shown, the hood 2 is divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section from front to back. The front section of the hood is a conical structure and is used to protect the optical window of the aircraft. The large diameter end of the front section of the hood is connected to the middle section of the hood, that is, the outer circumferential surface of the front section of the hood and the inner circumferential surface 201 of the front section of the hood are both conical surfaces, and the large diameter ends of the two are connected to the middle section of the hood; in this embodiment, the conical half angle of the inner circumferential surface 201 of the front section of the hood is greater than the conical half angle of the outer circumferential surface of the front section of the hood. The middle and rear sections of the hood are both cylindrical structures, and the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is smaller than that of the rear section of the hood; N1 continuous weakening grooves are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential surface 202 of the middle section of the hood and the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood, that is, the weakening grooves on the inner circumferential surface 202 of the middle section of the hood and the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood are corresponding, and each weakening groove is connected from the middle section of the hood to the rear end surface 209 of the hood, and the extension direction of the weakening groove is parallel to the axis of the hood; the rear section of the hood is fixed on the outer circumferential surface 101 of the front section of the base.

[0030] In this embodiment, the front section of the base is fixed with the rear section of the hood by threads, the outer circumferential surface 101 of the front section of the base is provided with threads, and the inner circumferential surface 203 of the rear section of the hood is provided with threads matching therewith; a threaded back groove is provided at the connection between the front section of the base and the rear section of the base, and a threaded back groove is provided at the connection between the rear section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, so as to facilitate the rotation and fixation of the rear section of the hood and the front section of the base in place, and the rear end face 209 of the hood abuts against the front end face 105 of the rear section of the base.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 3As shown, the shield 3 is divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section from front to back, and the shield 3 is integrally mounted and fixed in the hood 2. The shield front section is used to connect with the hood front section, and the shield middle section is a cylindrical structure, which is used to connect with the hood middle section. In this embodiment, the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section and the inner circumferential surface 307 of the shield front section can both be conical surfaces, and their cone half angles are the same as the cone half angles of the inner circumferential surface 201 of the hood front section. The large diameter end of the shield front section is connected to the shield middle section, and the maximum circle diameter of the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section is consistent with the outer diameter of the shield rear section; the front end surface 306 of the shield front section can also be a conical surface, and its generatrix is ​​perpendicular to the generatrix of the outer circumferential surface 301 of the shield front section. The length of the front section of the shield is smaller than that of the front section of the hood, the outer peripheral surface 301 of the front section of the shield is close to the inner peripheral surface 201 of the front section of the hood, and the contact area between the two is bonded by a sealant; the length of the middle section of the shield is smaller than that of the middle section of the hood, and the middle sections of the shield are fixedly connected to the middle sections of the hood by N2 locking mechanisms. In this embodiment, the locking mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the shield 3; the rear section of the shield is used to engage and fix with the front section of the base after the hood 2 is separated from the base 1. Several cutting pins that cooperate with the weakening grooves are fixed to the middle section of the shield, and the tops of the cutting pins are embedded in the weakening grooves; in this embodiment, the center lines of all the cutting pins are in the same plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the axis of the shield. The annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is circumferentially fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the detonator 5 is fixed on the front section of the protective cover for detonating the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4. The position of the detonator 5 corresponds to the position of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4; after the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4, the metal jet of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 cuts off the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, and the gas expansion work and the metal jet kinetic energy transfer caused by the jet detonation realize the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood. Under the reaction force of the separation of the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, the locking mechanism fails, and the protective cover 3 and the cutting pin 6 move backward relative to the middle section of the hood. The cutting pin 6 cuts the weakening groove to cut the middle and rear sections of the hood into petals and separates it from the base 1. Finally, the outer circumferential surface 304 of the rear section of the protective cover is engaged and fixedly connected with the inner circumferential surface 103 of the front section of the base and is limited by the front end surface 105 of the rear section of the base.

[0032] As an improvement, the inner circumference 103 of the front section of the base and the outer circumference 304 of the rear section of the shield are both rough conical surfaces, and the length L7 of the front section of the base is the same as the length L6 of the rear section of the shield. The large diameter end of the outer circumference 304 of the rear section of the shield is connected to the middle section of the shield, and the maximum circular diameter of the outer circumference 304 of the rear section of the shield is the same as the inner diameter of the middle section of the shield, that is, the middle section of the shield has a rear end face 303 of the middle section of the shield facing the rear section of the shield, and the rear end face 303 of the middle section of the shield is perpendicular to the axis of the shield, and the rear end face 305 of the rear section of the shield can also be perpendicular to the axis of the shield. Perpendicular to the axis of the shield, the inner circumferential surface 309 of the rear section of the shield can be a circular surface; the diameter φ4# of the small diameter end of the inner circumferential surface 103 of the front section of the base is the same as the diameter φ3# of the small diameter end of the outer circumferential surface 304 of the rear section of the shield, the diameter of the small diameter end of the inner circumferential surface 103 of the front section of the base is the same as the inner diameter of the rear section of the base, and the conical semi-angle b of the inner circumferential surface 103 of the front section of the base is smaller than the circumferential semi-angle a of the outer circumferential surface 304 of the rear section of the shield, so that the conical surface of the rear section of the shield and the corresponding conical surface of the front section of the base can be locked together after they are in contact and deformed.

[0033] The inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood can also be provided with an annular opening groove for placing the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4. The annular opening groove opens inward, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is fixed in the annular opening groove by an adhesive. After the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4, the jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 is perpendicular to the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove and is outward; the front section of the shield can also be provided with a through hole, and the detonator 5 is fixed in the through hole.

[0034] The through hole can be a stepped hole, the hole near the outer peripheral surface 301 of the front section of the shield is a threaded hole, and the hole near the inner peripheral surface 307 of the front section of the shield is a light hole, and the diameter of the light hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole; the detonator 5 is a stepped cylindrical structure, the front section of the detonator 5 is provided with an external thread and is fixedly connected with the threaded hole of the stepped hole, the diameter of the rear section of the detonator 5 is larger than the diameter of the front section of the detonator 5, and the rear section of the detonator 5 is connected with the light hole. In a specific implementation, two stepped holes can be evenly arranged along the circumference of the front section of the shield according to actual conditions, for placing two detonators 5.

[0035] As an improvement, in order to maximize the effect of the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4 and to separate the front section of the hood from the middle section of the hood as quickly as possible, the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove is a conical surface, and its conical half angle is the same as the conical half angle of the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the hood, and its conical half angle is an acute angle; the two side surfaces of the annular opening groove can also be conical surfaces, and the generatrix of the two side surfaces is perpendicular to the generatrix of the bottom surface 204 of the annular opening groove, and the two side surfaces are coaxial with the bottom surface. After the detonator 5 detonates the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4, the metal jet of the annular energy-gathering cutting rope 4 cuts off the annular opening groove, and the detonation causes the gas to expand and do work and the metal jet kinetic energy is transferred, thereby realizing the separation of the front section of the hood from the middle section of the hood.

[0036] As an improvement, Figure 3As shown, the middle section of the hood and the middle section of the shield are gap-matched, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the middle section of the shield, and the middle section of the hood is evenly provided with N2 countersunk holes penetrating the middle section of the hood in the circumferential direction; the middle section of the shield is provided with N2 small threaded holes penetrating the middle section of the shield that cooperate with the countersunk holes; in this embodiment, the locking mechanism is a locking nail 7, such as Figure 6 As shown, the locking pin 7 is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft, and the top of the conical section can also be provided with a slot for easy installation and disassembly; the small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section 701 of the stepped shaft, and the diameter φ2# of the second section 702 of the stepped shaft is the smallest; N2 locking pins 7 pass through the N2 countersunk holes in the middle section of the hood and are installed in the N2 small threaded holes in the middle section of the shield. After the locking pins 7 are installed, the conical section and the first section 701 of the stepped shaft cooperate with the countersunk holes, and the third section 703 of the stepped shaft is fixed with the small threaded holes; the gap between the middle section of the hood and the front section of the base and the intersection area of ​​the locking pin 7 are located in the second section 702 of the stepped shaft, that is, the top of the third section 703 of the stepped shaft will never protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface 101 of the front section of the base, and the bottom end of the first section 701 of the stepped shaft will never protrude inward from the inner peripheral surface 202 of the middle section of the hood. The gap between the middle section of the head cover and the front section of the base and the intersection area with the locking pin 7 are always located at the second section 702 of the stepped shaft, and the diameter of the second section 702 of the stepped shaft is the smallest. When subjected to the reaction of the separation of the front section of the head cover, the second section 702 of the stepped shaft breaks, that is, the locking pin 7 fails.

[0037] As an improvement, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the rear section of the shield, and the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the shield are clearance-matched; each weakening groove is composed of a front end face 205, a bottom face 208, a first side face 206 and a second side face 207, the weakening groove opens inward, the front end face 205 of the weakening groove is perpendicular to the axis of the middle section of the hood, the bottom face 208 of the weakening groove is parallel to the axis of the middle section of the hood, the first side face 206 and the second side face 207 are symmetrical to each other, and the symmetry planes of the two are perpendicular to the bottom face 208 of the weakening groove and the front end face 205 of the weakening groove, the first side face 206 and the second side face 207 are not parallel to the axis of the middle section of the hood, and the width of each weakening groove gradually decreases from front to back. The width of the front end face 205 of the weakening groove is L2, and each weakening groove extends to the rear end face 209 of the hood. The width of the weakening groove at the rear end face 209 of the hood is L1, and L1 is smaller than L2. The distance from the front end face 205 of each weakening groove to the rear end face 209 of the hood is L3. The middle section of the hood is provided with N1 large threaded holes that cooperate with the weakening grooves, and the large threaded holes pass through the middle section of the hood; the plane where the center lines of the N1 large threaded holes on the middle section of the hood are located coincides with the plane where the center lines of the N2 small threaded holes are located, but in the above-mentioned coincident plane, the center lines of any large threaded hole and any small threaded hole do not coincide.

[0038] like Figure 5As shown, the cutting pin 6 is a stepped shaft structure, the first stepped shaft 601 has the smallest diameter φ1#, the third stepped shaft 603 has the largest diameter, the second stepped shaft 602 is provided with an external thread that is fixedly connected with the large threaded hole, and the top surface of the second stepped shaft 602 does not protrude outward from the outer peripheral surface 302 of the middle section of the shield, the top of the third stepped shaft 603 is engaged with the bottom of the large threaded hole (the top of the third stepped shaft 603 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 308 of the middle section of the shield), and the bottom surface of the third stepped shaft 603 is provided with a slot for easy installation and removal. Figure 4 As shown, the diameter φ1# of the first step shaft 601 is greater than the width L1 of the end of the weakening groove, and the diameter φ1# of the first step shaft 601 is less than the width L2 of the front end face 205 of the weakening groove. In this embodiment, the width L5 of the cutting pin 6 inserted into the weakening groove before detonation is greater than the diameter φ1# of the first step shaft 601 (L2>L5>φ1#>L1), the distance between the axis of the cutting pin 6 and the rear end face 209 of the head cover is L4, L4+L5<L3, ensuring that there is a gap between the first step shaft 601 of the cutting pin 6 and the front end face 205 and two side faces of the weakening groove before detonation. After detonation, under the reaction of the gas expansion work and the metal jet kinetic energy transfer and the separation of the front section of the head cover from the rear section of the head cover, the cutting pin 6 moves backward relative to the middle and rear sections of the head cover, and the width of the weakening groove gradually becomes smaller than the diameter φ1 of the first step shaft 601. The cutting pin 6 cuts off the weakening groove, and the middle and rear sections of the head cover are separated from the base 1 after being petaled.

[0039] The base 1, shield 3, cutting pin 6, and locking nail 7 can all be made of metal materials, the head cover 2 can be made of metal materials or non-metallic materials. The materials used for the base 1, shield 3, and locking nail 7 can be steel, the cutting pin 6 is high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover 2 is steel, aluminum alloy or composite material.

[0040] The present invention utilizes the metal jet of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope 4 to remove the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood, thereby unlocking the hood section and the rear structure of the hood (the middle section of the hood and the rear section of the hood), and then utilizes the gas expansion work and the kinetic energy transfer caused by the metal jet detonation to realize the first separation between the front section of the hood and the rear structure of the hood and the separation of the front section of the shield and the front section of the hood. While the front section of the hood and the rear structure of the hood are separated, the reaction force is utilized to render the locking pin 7 ineffective, and the cutting and petaling of the rear structure of the hood is realized through the movement of the shield 3 and the cutting pin 6 relative to the rear structure of the hood, thereby realizing the second separation of the rear structure of the hood and the base 1. The separated body separated along the flight direction of the aircraft through the secondary separation is smaller in size and lighter in weight, the separation speed of the separated body is faster, and the separated body can more reliably leave the aircraft route.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined separation throwing cover, characterized in that: It includes a base, a hood, a protective cover, a locking mechanism, an annular energy-gathering cutting rope, a detonator and a cutting pin; the base, the hood and the protective cover are all shells and are coaxially installed, the base and the protective cover are open at both ends, and the front end of the hood is closed and the rear end is open; The base is divided into a front section and a rear section, and the hood and the shield are both divided into a front section, a middle section and a rear section. The front section of the hood is a conical structure, and its large diameter end is connected to the middle section of the hood; the inner circumference of the middle and rear sections of the hood is evenly arranged with a plurality of continuous weakening grooves, and the extension direction thereof is parallel to the axis of the hood; the rear section of the hood is sleeved and fixed on the outer circumference of the front section of the base; the shield is sleeved in the hood, the outer circumference of the front section of the shield is bonded to the inner circumference of the front section of the hood, and the middle section of the shield is fixedly connected to the middle section of the hood through a plurality of locking mechanisms; a plurality of cutting pins matched with the weakening grooves are fixed to the middle section of the shield; The annular energy-focusing cutting rope is circumferentially fixed on the inner circumferential surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the detonator is fixed on the front section of the protective hood corresponding to it; after the detonator detonates the annular energy-focusing cutting rope, the connection between the front section of the hood and the middle section of the hood is cut off, and the locking mechanism fails under the separation reaction force, and the protective hood and the cutting pin move backward relative to the middle section of the hood. The cutting pin cuts through the weakened groove to cut the middle and rear sections of the hood into petals to separate them from the base, and the outer circumferential surface of the rear section of the protective hood is engaged and fixedly connected with the inner circumferential surface of the front section of the base and is limited by the front end surface of the rear section of the base.

2. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular opening groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the front section of the hood, and the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is fixed in the annular opening groove. The jet direction of the annular energy-focusing cutting rope is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the annular opening groove and faces outward; a through hole is provided on the front section of the shield, and the detonator is fixed in the through hole.

3. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the annular opening groove is a conical surface, and its conical half angle is the same as the conical half angle of the outer peripheral surface of the front section of the head cover.

4. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle section of the hood and the middle section of the shield are clearance-matched, the inner diameter of the middle section of the hood is larger than the outer diameter of the middle section of the shield, and the middle section of the hood is evenly provided with a plurality of countersunk holes penetrating the middle section of the hood in the circumferential direction; the middle section of the shield is provided with a small threaded hole penetrating the middle section of the shield that matches the countersunk holes; The locking mechanism is a locking pin, which is composed of a conical section and a three-section stepped shaft. The small diameter end of the conical section is connected to the first section of the stepped shaft, and the second section of the stepped shaft has the smallest diameter. The conical section and the first section of the stepped shaft are matched with the countersunk hole, and the third section of the stepped shaft is fixed with the small threaded hole. The gap between the middle section of the head cover and the middle section of the protective cover and the intersection area with the locking pin are located in the second section of the stepped shaft.

5. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of each weakening groove is parallel to the axis of the middle section of the hood, and the width of the weakening groove gradually decreases from front to back; the middle section of the hood is provided with a plurality of large threaded holes that match the weakening grooves, and the large threaded holes penetrate the middle section of the hood; The cutting pin is a stepped shaft structure, the first step shaft has the smallest diameter, the third step shaft has the largest diameter, the second step shaft is fixedly connected to the large threaded hole by threaded cooperation, the top of the third step shaft is engaged with the bottom of the large threaded hole, and the diameter of the first step shaft is smaller than the width of the front end of the weakening groove and larger than the width of the end of the weakening groove.

6. The combined separation throwing cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The front section of the base is fixed with the rear section of the head cover by threaded cooperation. A threaded tool withdrawal groove is arranged at the connection between the front section of the base and the rear section of the base, and a threaded tool withdrawal groove is arranged at the connection between the rear section of the head cover and the middle section of the head cover.

7. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner circumference of the front section of the base and the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield are both rough conical surfaces, and the length of the front section of the base is the same as the length of the rear section of the shield; the small diameter end of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is connected to the rear section of the base, and the large diameter end of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield is connected to the middle section of the shield; the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter end of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield, and the conical half angle of the inner circumference of the front section of the base is smaller than the circumferential half angle of the outer circumference of the rear section of the shield.

8. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base, the guard cover, the cutting pin and the locking pin are all made of metal materials, and the head cover is made of metal material or non-metal material.

9. The combined separation throwing cover according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base, the guard cover and the locking pin are made of steel material, the cutting pin is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the head cover is made of one of steel material, aluminum alloy or composite material.

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