Multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological organic fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of an organic fertilizer base material, 10-15 parts of a plant extract, 3-6 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 2-6 parts of a compound fermentation inoculant and 2-5 parts of a surfactant, the multifunctional biological organic fertilizer can improve secondary salinization greenhouse soil, increase the content of organic matters, reduce the morbidity of tomato soil-borne diseases, and increase the fruit number of a single plant, the weight of a single fruit and the acre yield of tomatoes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizer production, and in particular relates to a multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards improve, consumers' demand for fresh, diverse and year-round vegetables increases, and the scale of vegetable greenhouses is getting larger and larger. However, long-term greenhouse cultivation also brings soil-related problems. For example, long-term irrigation and slow evaporation of water in a closed environment can easily lead to salt accumulation on the soil surface; frequent mechanical operations can easily destroy the soil aggregate structure, causing the soil to become more compact and compacted; in addition, greenhouses generally plant one or one type of vegetables year after year, with a single structure, which leads to the aggravation of soil-borne diseases and insect pests.

[0003] Biological organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can improve soil structure, increase the activity of microorganisms in the soil, and promote the balance of the soil ecosystem. Therefore, it has broad application prospects in improving greenhouse soil problems.

[0004] The Chinese patent with the prior art publication number CN102276368A discloses a fermented compound fertilizer suitable for greenhouse vegetable planting and its preparation method, which is made of alcohol anaerobic sludge as the main raw material and aerobic fermentation of microbial agents; the raw material composition by weight fraction is as follows: alcohol anaerobic sludge contains 50-55wt% water 680-810, fly ash 10-15, coal powder 60-70, phosphogypsum 50-60, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 3-5, urea 9-11, phosphate rock powder 45-55, fine yellow streptomyces agent 1.5-2, multi-dimensional complex enzyme agent 1.5-2, this technical solution realizes the "carbon" source material in organic fertilizer and microbial bacteria to have physiological stimulation and metabolic enhancement on crops. Resource-saving and environmentally friendly biological organic fertilizer, suitable for greenhouse vegetable planting application. However, the fly ash, coal powder and phosphate rock powder used in the technical solution bring certain environmental pollution risks to the fertilizer during production and use.

[0005] A Chinese patent with publication number CN107032873A discloses a microbial fertilizer for alleviating salt stress on greenhouse vegetables and its preparation method. The microbial fertilizer is developed by spray drying method using beneficial microorganisms and their secretions as core materials, modified starch, cyclodextrin, humic acid and bentonite as wall materials. The microbial fertilizer of this technical solution alleviates the stress of secondary salinized soil on vegetable growth, increases the number of microorganisms in the soil, and maintains the microecological balance of the soil; and the secretions produced during the microbial cultivation process are also embedded in the microbial fertilizer, especially for crop seedlings. It has the effects of preventing and resisting diseases, alleviating salt stress, and promoting plant growth, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing vegetable yield and quality. However, this technical solution does not have data on disease prevention and resistance in the crop seedling stage. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing the activity of soil microorganisms and a preparation method thereof. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can improve secondary salinization greenhouse soil, increase the organic matter content, reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes, and increase the number of fruits per plant, the weight of a single fruit and the yield per mu of tomatoes.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides a multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 40-60 parts of organic fertilizer base material, 10-15 parts of plant extract, 3-6 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 2-6 parts of composite fermentation bacteria agent, and 2-5 parts of surfactant;

[0009] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1, uniformly mixing polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol, and sequentially performing magnetic stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying to obtain polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite;

[0011] S2, mixing soluble silk fibroin powder and deionized water uniformly to obtain a dispersion;

[0012] S3, placing polylactic acid modified hydroxyapatite in a dispersion liquid, and obtaining modified nano hydroxyapatite by ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol is (3-5):(0.1-0.3):(50-70), preferably 4:0.2:60.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the rotation speed of the magnetic stirring in S1 is 500-800 r / min, and the time is 30-50 min.

[0015] Preferably, the magnetic stirring speed is 600 r / min and the time is 40 min.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the ultrasonic dispersion time in S1 is 30-50 min, preferably 40 min.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the soluble silk fibroin powder to deionized water is 1:(10-15), preferably 1:12.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:(15-20), preferably 1:18.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments, the ultrasonic dispersion time in S3 is 90-150 min, preferably 120 min.

[0020] Calcium and phosphorus are important nutrients necessary for plants. Nano-hydroxyapatite added to multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer can not only provide calcium and phosphorus, but also nano-sized particles of nano-hydroxyapatite can fill tiny pores in the soil, which helps to improve the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil. However, nano-hydroxyapatite is alkaline, which is more unfavorable for vegetable greenhouse soil with salt accumulation on the soil surface. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention creatively prepares modified nano-hydroxyapatite. During the preparation process of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, the nano-hydroxyapatite is first modified with polylactic acid, and then soluble silk fibroin powder is interspersed in the nano-hydroxyapatite modified with polylactic acid. The obtained modified nano-hydroxyapatite can play a role due to the presence of polylactic acid and soluble silk fibroin powder. The modified nano-hydroxyapatite has a certain buffering effect, which makes the effect of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite on soil pH more gentle. At the same time, the inventor unexpectedly discovered that the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer can also improve secondary salinized greenhouse soil. The inventor speculates that this is because the soluble silk fibroin powder has good hydrophilicity and ion exchange capacity, which can reduce the salt accumulation on the soil surface to a certain extent, and reduce the fixation of salt by exchanging with cations in the soil, thereby alleviating salt damage. Moreover, as polylactic acid gradually degrades into organic acid, it can also slightly reduce the soil pH. More importantly, the improved soil environment is conducive to the development of plant roots. Healthy roots can better absorb water and nutrients and discharge excess salt, which is more conducive to improving secondary salinized greenhouse soil.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments, the organic fertilizer base material includes corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal; the mass ratio of the corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal is (10-20): (5-10): (5-10).

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the plant extract is an extract of alfalfa and Sophora flavescens; the mass ratio of alfalfa to Sophora flavescens is (16-20):(8-12), preferably 18:10.

[0023] Tomato is one of the vegetables commonly grown in vegetable greenhouses, but tomatoes in greenhouses are more susceptible to soil-borne diseases, including bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, during their growth. The inventors accidentally discovered during the experiment that when extracts of alfalfa and Sophora flavescens were added to the multifunctional biological organic fertilizer, the incidence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes could be significantly reduced while increasing the soil organic matter content. The inventors speculated that this was because the added extracts could not only directly inhibit or kill pathogens in the soil and reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, but also could induce systemic resistance in tomato plants, making tomato plants more resistant to bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt; in addition, alfalfa and Sophora flavescens extracts are rich in organic matter. After these organic substances are applied to the soil, they can not only directly increase the organic matter content in the soil, but also serve as a carbon source for soil microorganisms, stimulate the activity of soil microorganisms, accelerate the decomposition and conversion process of organic matter, and further improve the quality of soil organic matter.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the method for preparing the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing alfalfa and Sophora flavescens, adding ethanol aqueous solution for soaking, extracting in a flash extractor, filtering to obtain a crude extract, mixing the crude extract with purified water, and distilling under reduced pressure to obtain the extract.

[0025] In some preferred embodiments, the amount of the ethanol aqueous solution added is 8-12 times, preferably 10 times, the total mass of alfalfa and Sophora flavescens.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments, the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 60-80%, preferably 70%.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments, the soaking time is 8-12 hours, preferably 10 hours; the soaking temperature is 60-80°C, preferably 70°C.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the extraction rotation speed is 3000-4000 r / min, preferably 3500 r / min; the extraction time is 45-60 s, preferably 50 s.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments, the amount of purified water added is 0.1-0.3 times, preferably 0.2 times, of the crude extract.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, the reduced pressure distillation is specifically: reduced pressure distillation at 60-70° C. and a vacuum degree of 700-900 mbar for 20-30 min.

[0031] Preferably, the reduced pressure distillation is specifically: reduced pressure distillation at 65° C. and a vacuum degree of 800 mbar for 25 min.

[0032] In some preferred embodiments, the composite fermentation agent is composed of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, acetic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, actinomycetes and composite enzymes, containing 20 billion live bacteria per gram, and is purchased from Zhengzhou Qi Fu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Qi Fu bacterial fertilizer fermentation liquid.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the surfactant includes rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester; the mass ratio of the rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester is (1-3): (1-3), preferably 2:3.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1, crushing corn stalks and earthworm castings, mixing the crushed corn stalks, crushed earthworm castings and soybean meal, then adding a composite fermentation agent and mixing evenly, finally adding deionized water, controlling the moisture content to 40-45% for fermentation, and granulating after the fermentation is completed to obtain organic fertilizer granules;

[0036] Step 2, stirring and mixing the plant extract and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, and continuing to stir the organic fertilizer particles, the mixed solution and the surfactant to obtain organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract;

[0037] Step 3: Evenly mix the organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract and the modified nano-hydroxyapatite to obtain a product.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the plant extract to deionized water is 1:(2-3).

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, step 2 specifically comprises: stirring and mixing the plant extract and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, and continuing to stir the organic fertilizer particles, the mixed solution and the surfactant for 10-30 minutes to obtain organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the fermentation temperature is 25-30° C., the fermentation time is 7-12 days, and the fermentation is stirred once a day.

[0041] The inventors unexpectedly discovered when preparing a multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity that the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer obtained by loading plant extracts on organic fertilizer particles using surfactants can significantly improve the number of fruits per plant, single fruit weight and per mu yield of tomatoes. It is speculated that this is because the plant extracts loaded on the organic fertilizer particles can not only avoid the volatilization or degradation of the plant extracts, but also can be gradually released as the organic fertilizer slowly decomposes, which helps to provide a continuous and stable supply of nutrients, thereby supporting the healthy development of tomatoes throughout the growth cycle. At the same time, the plant extracts can be more evenly distributed in the soil, ensuring that the plant roots can evenly contact and absorb these beneficial ingredients.

[0042] In addition, the inventors found that when the surfactant includes rhamnolipids and sophoroside esters, it is not only beneficial to the multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for improving the number of fruits per plant, the weight of single fruit and the yield per mu of tomatoes, but also further reduces the incidence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes and increases the organic matter content in the soil. It is speculated that this is because the combined action of rhamnolipids and sophoroside esters can not only effectively improve the binding strength between plant extracts and organic fertilizer particles, but also promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, thereby increasing the organic matter content in the soil and improving soil structure and fertility.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The present invention creatively prepares modified nano-hydroxyapatite. During the preparation process of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite, the nano-hydroxyapatite is first modified by using polylactic acid, and then the soluble silk fibroin powder is interspersed in the nano-hydroxyapatite modified by polylactic acid. The obtained modified nano-hydroxyapatite can play a certain buffering role due to the presence of polylactic acid and soluble silk fibroin powder, so that the effect of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite on soil pH is more moderate. At the same time, the inventor unexpectedly found that the obtained multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer can also improve secondary salinized greenhouse soil.

[0045] 2. When extracts of alfalfa and Sophora flavescens are added to multifunctional biological organic fertilizers, the incidence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes can be significantly reduced while increasing the content of soil organic matter.

[0046] 3. When preparing a multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, the inventors unexpectedly discovered that the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer obtained by loading plant extracts on organic fertilizer particles using surfactants can significantly improve the number of fruits per plant, the weight of a single fruit and the yield per mu of tomatoes.

[0047] 4. When the surfactants include rhamnolipids and sophoroside esters, it is not only beneficial for the multifunctional biological organic fertilizer to increase the number of fruits per plant, the weight of single fruit and the yield per mu of tomatoes, but also further reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases of tomatoes and increase the organic matter content in the soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, a specific implementation scheme is now described in detail.

[0049] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The implementation conditions used in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to the different requirements of specific use, and the implementation conditions not indicated are conventional conditions in the industry. The technical features involved in each embodiment of the present invention can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0050] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used were commercially available or prepared by conventional methods in the art.

[0051] The following are exemplary sources of raw materials:

[0052] Soluble silk fibroin powder was purchased from Zhejiang Xingyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0053] Polylactic acid was purchased from Anhui Fengyuan Group Co., Ltd.;

[0054] Rhamnolipid (CAS No.: 4348-76-9) was purchased from Zhejiang Xizhenglin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. with a purity of 98% ± 2%;

[0055] Sophoroside INCI: Candida albicans / glucose / rapeseed oleic acid methyl ester fermentation product, purchased from Boton (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product name: SOFOBOTON TM SL50;

[0056] The composite fermentation agent is composed of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, acetic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, actinomycetes and composite enzymes, and contains 20 billion live bacteria per gram. It was purchased from Zhengzhou Qifu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Qifu bacterial fertilizer fermentation liquid;

[0057] Corn stover comes from the remaining part of corn after the ears of corn are harvested;

[0058] Worm castings come from vermiculture farms;

[0059] Soybean meal comes from soybean processing plants;

[0060] Nano-hydroxyapatite was purchased from Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterial Technology Co., Ltd., item number: 102642.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer base material, 10 parts of plant extract, 3 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 2 parts of composite fermentation bacteria agent, and 2 parts of surfactant; the organic fertilizer base material includes corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal; the mass ratio of the corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal is 10:5:5.

[0063] The plant extract is an extract of alfalfa and sophora flavescens; the mass ratio of alfalfa to sophora flavescens is 16:8.

[0064] The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing alfalfa and sophora flavescens, adding ethanol water solution to soak, extracting in a flash extractor, filtering to obtain a crude extract, mixing the crude extract with purified water, and performing reduced pressure distillation to obtain the extract.

[0065] The added amount of the ethanol aqueous solution is 8 times the total mass of alfalfa and sophora flavescens, and the mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 60%.

[0066] The soaking time is 8 hours, and the soaking temperature is 60°C.

[0067] The extraction speed is 3000 r / min; the extraction time is 45 s.

[0068] The amount of purified water added is 0.1 times that of the crude extract.

[0069] The reduced pressure distillation is specifically: reduced pressure distillation at 60° C. and a vacuum degree of 700 mbar for 20 min.

[0070] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1, uniformly mixing polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol, and sequentially performing magnetic stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying to obtain polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite;

[0072] S2, mixing soluble silk fibroin powder and deionized water uniformly to obtain a dispersion;

[0073] S3. Placing the polylactic acid modified hydroxyapatite in a dispersion liquid, and obtaining the modified nano hydroxyapatite by ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying.

[0074] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol is 3:0.1:50.

[0075] The magnetic stirring speed in S1 is 500 r / min and the stirring time is 30 min.

[0076] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S1 is 30 min.

[0077] The mass ratio of the soluble silk fibroin powder to deionized water is 1:10.

[0078] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:15.

[0079] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S3 is 90 min.

[0080] The surfactant includes rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester; the mass ratio of the rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester is 1:1.

[0081] The method for preparing the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity comprises the following steps:

[0082] Step 1, crushing corn stalks and earthworm castings, mixing the crushed corn stalks, crushed earthworm castings and soybean meal, then adding a composite fermentation agent and mixing evenly, finally adding deionized water, controlling the moisture content to 45% for fermentation, the fermentation temperature to 28° C., the fermentation time to 10 days, stirring once a day during the fermentation period, and granulating after the fermentation is completed to obtain organic fertilizer particles;

[0083] Step 2, stirring and mixing the plant extract and deionized water (mass ratio is 1:2.5) to obtain a mixed solution, and continuing to stir the organic fertilizer particles, the mixed solution and the surfactant for 20 minutes to obtain organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract;

[0084] Step 3: Evenly mix the organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract and the modified nano-hydroxyapatite to obtain a product.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] A multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 60 parts of organic fertilizer base material, 15 parts of plant extract, 6 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 6 parts of composite fermentation bacteria agent, and 5 parts of surfactant;

[0087] The organic fertilizer base material includes corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal; the mass ratio of the corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal is 20:10:10;

[0088] The plant extract is an extract of alfalfa and sophora flavescens; the mass ratio of alfalfa to sophora flavescens is 20:12.

[0089] The preparation method of the plant extract is the same as that of Example 1.

[0090] The added amount of the ethanol aqueous solution is 12 times the total mass of alfalfa and sophora flavescens.

[0091] The mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 80%.

[0092] The soaking time is 12 hours; the soaking temperature is 80°C.

[0093] The extraction speed is 4000 r / min; the extraction time is 60 s.

[0094] The amount of purified water added is 0.3 times that of the crude extract.

[0095] The reduced pressure distillation is specifically: reduced pressure distillation at 70° C. and a vacuum degree of 900 mbar for 30 minutes.

[0096] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is the same as that of Example 1.

[0097] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol is 5:0.3:70.

[0098] The rotation speed of the magnetic stirring in S2 is 800 r / min and the time is 50 min.

[0099] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S2 is 50 min.

[0100] The mass ratio of the soluble silk fibroin powder to deionized water is 1:15.

[0101] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:20.

[0102] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S3 is 150 min.

[0103] The surfactant includes rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester; the mass ratio of the rhamnolipid to sophoroside ester is 1:2.

[0104] The preparation method of the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity is the same as that of Example 1.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] A multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, wherein the raw materials include, by weight: 50 parts of organic fertilizer base material, 12 parts of plant extract, 4 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 4 parts of composite fermentation bacteria agent, and 3 parts of surfactant;

[0107] The organic fertilizer base material includes corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal; the mass ratio of the corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal is 15:8:8;

[0108] The plant extract is an extract of alfalfa and sophora flavescens; the mass ratio of alfalfa to sophora flavescens is 18:10.

[0109] The preparation method of the plant extract is the same as that of Example 1.

[0110] The added amount of the ethanol aqueous solution is 10 times the total mass of alfalfa and sophora flavescens.

[0111] The mass fraction of the ethanol aqueous solution is 70%.

[0112] The soaking time is 10 hours; the soaking temperature is 70°C.

[0113] The extraction speed is 3500 r / min; the extraction time is 50 s.

[0114] The amount of purified water added is 0.2 times that of the crude extract.

[0115] The reduced pressure distillation is specifically: reduced pressure distillation at 65° C. and a vacuum degree of 800 mbar for 25 minutes.

[0116] The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite is the same as that of Example 1.

[0117] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol is 4:0.2:60.

[0118] The rotation speed of the magnetic stirring in S2 is 600 r / min, and the time is 40 min.

[0119] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S2 is 40 min.

[0120] The mass ratio of the soluble silk fibroin powder to deionized water is 1:12.

[0121] The mass ratio of the polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:18.

[0122] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S3 is 120 min.

[0123] The surfactant includes rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester; the mass ratio of the rhamnolipid to sophoroside ester is 2:3.

[0124] The preparation method of the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity is the same as that of Example 1.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] The difference from Example 3 is that alfalfa is replaced with Sophora flavescens of equal mass; the rest are the same.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] The difference from Example 3 is that Sophora flavescens is replaced by alfalfa of the same mass; the rest are the same.

[0129] Comparative Example 3

[0130] The difference from Example 3 is that the preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol, and sequentially performing magnetic stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, filtering and drying; the rest are the same.

[0131] Comparative Example 4

[0132] The difference from Example 3 is that the preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps:

[0133] S1, mixing soluble silk fibroin powder and deionized water uniformly to obtain a dispersion;

[0134] S2. Place hydroxyapatite in a dispersion liquid, disperse it by ultrasonic, filter it, and dry it to obtain modified nano-hydroxyapatite.

[0135] The mass ratio of the soluble silk fibroin powder to deionized water is 1:12.

[0136] The mass ratio of the hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:18.

[0137] The ultrasonic dispersion time in S2 is 120 min; the rest are the same.

[0138] Comparative Example 5

[0139] The difference from Example 3 is that rhamnolipid is replaced by sophoroside of the same mass; the rest are the same.

[0140] Comparative Example 6

[0141] The difference from Example 3 is that sophorolipid is replaced by rhamnolipid; the rest are the same.

[0142] Comparative Example 7

[0143] The difference from Example 3 is that the surfactant is 0 parts;

[0144] The method for preparing the multifunctional biological organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity comprises the following steps:

[0145] Step 1, crushing corn stalks and earthworm castings, mixing the crushed corn stalks, crushed earthworm castings and soybean meal, then adding a composite fermentation agent and mixing evenly, finally adding deionized water, controlling the moisture content to 45% for fermentation, the fermentation temperature to 28° C., the fermentation time to 10 days, stirring once a day during the fermentation period, and granulating after the fermentation is completed to obtain organic fertilizer particles;

[0146] Step 2: Evenly mix the organic fertilizer particles, plant extracts and modified nano-hydroxyapatite; the rest are the same.

[0147] Test Example 1 Verify the control effect of the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention on tomato bacterial wilt, referring to the test method of the Chinese patent with publication number CN 117088733 A

[0148] 1. Experimental group: 2.5 kg tomato continuous cropping soil / pot, 1 tomato seedling / pot;

[0149] The method was divided into 11 groups, namely, Example 1-3 group, Comparative Example 1-7 group and control group, and the multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-7 were applied to Example 1-3 group and Comparative Example 1-7 group, respectively, and the control group was applied with Beite polyglutamic acid biological organic fertilizer (purchased from Ningxia Yipin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with effective viable count ≥ 80 million / g, organic matter ≥ 40%, polyglutamic acid ≥ 3000 mg / kg, total nutrients (N + P2O5 + K2O) ≥ 8%, total amino acids ≥ 8%, sulfur (S) element ≥ 8%), the fertilizer amount was 30 g, and each group had 50 pots.

[0150] 2. Experimental method: One week after tomato transplanting, the prepared Pseudomonas suspension (5.1×10 10 cfu / ml) was infused near the root system of tomatoes, with an inoculation volume of 5 mL / pot. The growth cycle was 90 days, and the disease status of tomatoes was regularly observed and recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 1:

[0151] Test Example 2 Verify the control effect of the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention on tomato wilt disease, referring to the test method of the Chinese patent with publication number CN 117088733 A

[0152] 1. Test group: the same as that of Test Example 1;

[0153] 2. Test method: Same as in Test Example 1, except that the Pseudomonas suspension was replaced with a Fusarium oxysporum suspension (1×10 9 cfu / mL), the rest are the same, the specific results are shown in Table 1:

[0154] Table 1 Control effect of tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt

[0155]

[0156] It can be seen from Table 1 that the multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 have good control effects on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rates are all lower than 5%;

[0157] In Comparative Example 1, since alfalfa was replaced with Sophora flavescens of equal quality, the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer had a decreased control effect on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rates were both higher than 10%;

[0158] In Comparative Example 2, since Sophora flavescens was replaced with alfalfa of the same quality, the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer had a decreased control effect on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rates were both higher than 15%;

[0159] In Comparative Example 3, since the modified nano-hydroxyapatite was not doped with soluble silk fibroin powder, and in Comparative Example 4, since the modified nano-hydroxyapatite was not modified with polylactic acid, the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer had a slightly decreased control effect on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rates were both higher than 5% and lower than 10%;

[0160] In Comparative Example 5, since rhamnolipid was replaced with sophorolipid of the same quality, and in Comparative Example 6, since sophorolipid was replaced with rhamnolipid, the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer had a decreased control effect on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rate was higher than 10%;

[0161] In Comparative Example 7, since the organic fertilizer particles, plant extracts and surfactants were directly mixed, the obtained multifunctional biological organic fertilizer had a reduced control effect on tomato bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt, and the incidence rates were both higher than 10%.

[0162] Test Example 3 verifies the effect of the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention on improving secondary salinized greenhouse soil and the fertilizer efficiency test on tomatoes, with reference to the Chinese patent publication number CN 112521948 B;

[0163] 1. Test conditions:

[0164] The test site was a greenhouse where tomatoes were planted for three consecutive years, with two crops of tomatoes per year. A five-point sampling method was adopted, and 100 g of soil near the tomato rhizosphere (initial soil) was taken at each point to test pH at a water-soil ratio of 5:1. The organic matter content (volume method, NY / T 1121.6-2006) was tested. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0165] Table 2 Initial soil physical and chemical properties

[0166] pH Organic matter content (g / kg) 8.23 23.6±1.34

[0167] As can be seen from Table 2, the test site belongs to secondary salinized soil.

[0168] 2. Experimental Grouping:

[0169] The test site was divided into 11 groups with equal distance and area, namely, Example 1-3 groups, Comparative Example 1-7 groups and a control group, and the number of cultivated seedlings in each group remained the same.

[0170] The multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 were applied to Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-7, respectively, and the control group was applied with Beite polyglutamic acid biological organic fertilizer (purchased from Ningxia Yipin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., effective viable count ≥ 0.8 billion / g, organic matter ≥ 40%, polyglutamic acid ≥ 3000mg / kg, total nutrients (N+P2O5+K2O) ≥ 8%, total amino acids ≥ 8%, sulfur (S) element ≥ 8%); the vegetable varieties, sowing time, environment and cycle in Example 1-3, Comparative Example 1-7 and the control group were exactly the same. All groups did not use chemical agents to prevent and control diseases.

[0171] 2. Vegetable varieties: Aiji 112 tomato;

[0172] 3. Test methods:

[0173] During land preparation, the multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-7, and the beite polyglutamic acid biological organic fertilizer of the Comparative Example were respectively added at a rate of 300 kg / mu. -1 The dosage was evenly spread on the test field at one time and then plowed.

[0174] 4. Field management

[0175] Tomato seedlings were transplanted in the experimental field, with a maximum row spacing of 80 cm, a minimum row spacing of 60 cm, a plant spacing of about 45 cm, and a planting density of 2,300 plants per mu. The management method was based on local traditional cultivation, and water and other management measures remained consistent.

[0176] 5. Data processing: All data were analyzed using SPSS22.

[0177] 6. Results and Analysis

[0178] 6.1 Number of fruits per plant, weight of single fruit and yield per mu. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0179] Table 3 Number of fruits per plant, weight of single fruit and yield per mu

[0180]

[0181] It can be seen from Table 3 that the number of fruits per plant, single fruit weight and per mu yield of tomatoes obtained by using the multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 are all higher; compared with the control group, there are significant differences; compared with the Example 3 group, there are significant differences in the comparative examples 1-7.

[0182] 6.2 Soil analysis. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0183] Table 4 Physical and chemical properties of soil

[0184]

[0185]

[0186] Note: Organic matter content: Example 1-3 group, comparative example 1-7 group, compared with the control group, * indicates P < 0.05, ** indicates P < 0.01;

[0187] Compared with Example 3, the groups of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7 showed # indicates P < 0.05, ## Indicates P<0.01.

[0188] As can be seen from Table 4, the multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 can improve the pH of the soil. Comparative Examples 2 and 3 have very poor effects on improving the pH of the soil due to the changes in the preparation methods of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite. The other comparative examples are not as good as the improvement effects of Examples 1-3.

[0189] The multifunctional biological organic fertilizers of Examples 1-3 can increase the organic matter content of the soil, and there are significant differences compared with the control group; the comparative examples 1-7 have poor effects on increasing the organic matter content of the soil, and there are significant differences compared with the example 3 group.

[0190] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 40-60 parts of organic fertilizer base material, 10-15 parts of plant extract, 3-6 parts of modified nano-hydroxyapatite, 2-6 parts of composite fermentation bacteria agent, and 2-5 parts of surfactant; The preparation method of the modified nano-hydroxyapatite comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly mixing polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol, and sequentially performing magnetic stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying to obtain polylactic acid-modified hydroxyapatite; S2, mixing soluble silk fibroin powder and deionized water uniformly to obtain a dispersion; S3. Placing the polylactic acid modified hydroxyapatite in a dispersion liquid, and obtaining the modified nano hydroxyapatite by ultrasonic dispersion, filtration and drying.

2. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer base material comprises corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal; the mass ratio of the corn stalks, earthworm castings and soybean meal is (10-20): (5-10): (5-10).

3. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plant extract is an extract of alfalfa and sophora flavescens; the mass ratio of alfalfa to sophora flavescens is (16-20):(8-12).

4. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: crushing alfalfa and sophora flavescens, adding ethanol water solution to soak, extracting in a flash extractor, filtering to obtain a crude extract, mixing the crude extract with purified water, and performing reduced pressure distillation to obtain the extract.

5. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extraction speed is 3000-4000r / min; the extraction time is 45-60s.

6. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite fermentation bacterial agent is composed of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, acetic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, actinomycetes and composite enzymes, and contains 20 billion live bacteria per gram.

7. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polylactic acid, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and ethanol is (3-5): (0.1-0.3): (50-70).

8. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polylactic acid modified hydroxyapatite to the dispersion is 1:(15-20).

9. The multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant includes rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester; the mass ratio of the rhamnolipid and sophoroside ester is (1-3): (1-3).

10. A method for preparing the multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer for enhancing soil microbial activity according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, crushing corn stalks and earthworm castings, mixing the crushed corn stalks, crushed earthworm castings and soybean meal, then adding a composite fermentation agent and mixing evenly, finally adding deionized water, controlling the moisture content to 40-45% for fermentation, and granulating after the fermentation is completed to obtain organic fertilizer granules; Step 2, stirring and mixing the plant extract and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution, and continuing to stir the organic fertilizer particles, the mixed solution and the surfactant to obtain organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract; Step 3: Evenly mix the organic fertilizer particles loaded with the plant extract and the modified nano-hydroxyapatite to obtain a product.

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