Preparation method of locally porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional titanium alloy material casting, and discloses a preparation method of a locally porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material, which comprises the following steps: selecting a hollow ceramic ball, and manufacturing a prefabricated structure matched with the porous material according to the porous material to be prepared; a mold matched with the porous material is selected, and the prefabricated structure is installed at the designated position of the mold according to the manufacturing requirement of the porous material and then manufactured into a casting mold; a proper alloy material is selected according to the design requirement of the porous material, and molten metal is poured into the casting mold after the alloy material is heated and liquefied; the molten metal flows in the mold, so that gaps between an inner cavity of the mold and the hollow ceramic balls of the prefabricated structure are filled with the alloy material; and removing the mold to obtain the required porous material. The method can be applied to an existing titanium alloy casting technology, the requirements for simple technological process, easy implementation and rapid design and development are met, and technical support is provided for customization, manufacturing, popularization and application of local porous titanium alloy functional materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of casting functional titanium alloy materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material. Background Art

[0002] Titanium and titanium alloys have excellent properties such as low density, high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. They are the most ideal materials in the marine environment and are called "marine metals". Porous titanium alloy material is an advanced functional titanium alloy material. It has the advantages of high specific strength and corrosion resistance of titanium alloy, and at the same time has the characteristics of low density, energy absorption, electromagnetic shielding and sound insulation and noise reduction of porous materials. It can be used as a high-end functional material and lightweight material, and is widely used in the manufacture of equipment parts in the fields of navigation, deep-sea operations, aviation and weapons, and has broad application prospects.

[0003] In the overall design and manufacturing process of titanium alloy castings, some structures have lightweight requirements, or functional requirements such as noise reduction, electromagnetic shielding and energy absorption, so part of the casting needs to be prepared as porous titanium alloy materials; and this product is generally customized, suitable for single piece or small batch rapid development technology preparation. However, the current titanium alloy casting technology can only produce titanium alloy castings or porous titanium alloys of simple shapes, and cannot achieve regional control and overall manufacturing of porous and solid parts.

[0004] Therefore, the present application designs a method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A hollow ceramic ball is selected to manufacture a prefabricated structure adapted to the porous area of ​​the titanium alloy functional material to be prepared;

[0008] The prefabricated structure is installed at the designated position of the mold according to the production requirements of the titanium alloy functional material to form a casting mold;

[0009] preparing alloy materials, heating and liquefying the alloy materials, and then pouring molten metal into a casting mold;

[0010] The molten metal flows in the mold, so that the alloy material fills the inner cavity of the mold and the gap between the hollow ceramic balls of the prefabricated structure;

[0011] The mold is removed to obtain the desired titanium alloy functional material with a partially porous area and controllable position of the porous area.

[0012] Preferably, the hollow ceramic ball comprises one or both of zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide, and has a diameter of 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the mold and the prefabricated structure are fixed by titanium pins and thin sheets.

[0014] Preferably, during the process of removing the mold, the prefabricated structure and the titanium alloy functional material are not separated, and the prefabricated structure is embedded in the designed position of the titanium alloy functional material.

[0015] Preferably, the mold comprises a main body, a model cavity adapted to the titanium alloy functional material is arranged in the main body, the prefabricated structure is arranged at a designed position of the model cavity; and a pouring hole connected to the model cavity is arranged on the main body.

[0016] Preferably, the titanium alloy functional material comprises a main body, and a porous area is provided on the main body.

[0017] Preferably, the prefabricated structure comprises a prefabricated thin layer or a prefabricated blank.

[0018] Preferably, when the prefabricated structure includes a prefabricated thin layer, the prefabricated thin layer is formed by using the hollow ceramic balls through 3D printing.

[0019] Preferably, when the prefabricated structure includes the prefabricated body, the prefabricated body is formed by sintering the hollow ceramic balls.

[0020] Preferably, the preform blank is processed by numerical control to form a preform block.

[0021] Preferably, the preform blank is processed by numerical control to form a preform block.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the present invention provides a method for preparing a titanium alloy functional material which is locally porous and has controllable porous positions. By designing the shape and controlling the position of a hollow ceramic ball preform, the purpose of controlling the shape and position of the porous area of ​​the titanium alloy casting can be achieved, and the local porous design of complex titanium alloy castings and special-shaped castings can be met. At the same time, the purpose of controllable performance can be achieved by adjusting the particle size of the hollow ceramic balls. A locally porous casting can be prepared by partial assembly of a mold and a preform, wherein the porous structure can meet the functional requirements of corrosion resistance, light weight, energy absorption, noise reduction and electromagnetic shielding, and the other parts can meet the requirements of high-strength, light weight and corrosion-resistant structural parts of the titanium alloy structure. Different parts can be suitable for different application scenarios, and have the advantage of a short manufacturing cycle, and can meet the requirements of rapid design and preparation and personalized customization of products. A gravity casting method is adopted, and a prefabricated structure is obtained from a hollow ceramic ball, and then a locally porous titanium alloy functional material is obtained by casting, which has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency and low manufacturing cost.

[0023] The present invention can be applied to existing titanium alloy casting technology to meet the requirements of simple process flow, easy implementation and rapid design and development, and provide technical support for the customization, manufacture and promotion and application of local porous titanium alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 The titanium alloy functional material with porous surface layer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A mold for casting the titanium alloy functional material with porous surface layer of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mold of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a preform thin layer of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the preform of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated block of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. preform thin layer; 2. titanium alloy functional material; 3. model cavity; 4. titanium pin; 5. thin sheet; 6. porous area; 7. preform blank; 8. preform block; 9. main body; 10. hollow ceramic ball; 11. main body; 12. pouring hole; 13. exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Reference Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material, comprising the following steps:

[0036] A hollow ceramic ball 10 is selected and a prefabricated structure adapted thereto is manufactured according to the titanium alloy functional material 2 prepared as required;

[0037] Select a mold that is compatible with the titanium alloy functional material 2, install the prefabricated structure at a designated position of the mold according to the production requirements of the titanium alloy functional material 2, and then make it into a casting mold;

[0038] Select a suitable alloy material according to the design requirements of the titanium alloy functional material 2, heat and liquefy the alloy material, and then pour the molten metal into the casting mold;

[0039] The molten metal flows in the mold, so that the alloy material fills the gap between the inner cavity of the mold and the hollow ceramic ball 10 of the prefabricated structure;

[0040] The mold is removed to obtain the desired titanium alloy functional material 2.

[0041] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a titanium alloy functional material which is locally porous and has controllable porous positions. By designing the shape and controlling the position of a preform of a hollow ceramic ball 10, the purpose of controlling the shape and position of a porous region 6 of a titanium alloy casting can be achieved, and the local porous design of complex titanium alloy castings and special-shaped castings can be met. Meanwhile, the purpose of controllable performance can be achieved by adjusting the particle size of the hollow ceramic ball 10. A locally porous casting can be prepared by partially assembling a mold and a preform, wherein the porous structure can meet the functional requirements of corrosion resistance, light weight, energy absorption, noise reduction and electromagnetic shielding, and the other parts can meet the requirements of high-strength, light weight and corrosion-resistant structural parts of the titanium alloy structure. Different parts can be suitable for different application scenarios, and have the advantage of a short manufacturing cycle, and can meet the requirements of rapid product design and preparation and personalized customization. A gravity casting method is adopted to obtain a prefabricated structure from a hollow ceramic ball 10, and then a locally porous titanium alloy functional material is obtained by pouring, which has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency and low manufacturing cost. The present invention can be applied to existing titanium alloy casting technology to meet the requirements of simple process flow, easy implementation and rapid design and development, and provide technical support for the customization, manufacture and promotion and application of local porous titanium alloys.

[0042] Further optimizing the scheme, the hollow ceramic ball 10 includes zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide, and its diameter is 3mm-15mm. This embodiment uses zirconium oxide or aluminum oxide as the material of the hollow ceramic ball, which can effectively reduce the weight, have sufficient strength and high hardness, so that it forms a high-strength structure when combined with the titanium alloy material.

[0043] Furthermore, zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide have a high bonding property with the titanium alloy material, and can be more firmly bonded during casting, thereby ensuring the strength of the titanium alloy functional material 2 after molding.

[0044] Further optimizing the scheme, the mold and the prefabricated structure are fixed by titanium pins 4 and thin sheets 5. The prefabricated structure is fixed in the mold cavity 3 by titanium pins 4 and thin sheets 5, which is convenient and quick to fix, ensuring that during the pouring process, the molten metal will not cause the prefabricated structure to shake, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the pouring.

[0045] Further optimizing the scheme, during the process of removing the mold, the prefabricated structure and the titanium alloy functional material 2 are not separated, and the prefabricated structure is embedded in the designed position of the titanium alloy functional material 2. After the pouring is completed, the prefabricated structure and the poured titanium alloy liquid are not separated, so that the prefabricated structure remains in the formed titanium alloy functional material 2, forming a local porous area 6, which reduces the structural weight while ensuring the structural strength.

[0046] Further optimization scheme, the mold includes a main body 11, a mold cavity 3 adapted to the titanium alloy functional material 2 is arranged in the main body 11, and the prefabricated structure is arranged at the designed position of the mold cavity 3; a pouring hole 12 connected to the mold cavity 3 is arranged on the main body 11. The main body 11 of this embodiment is divided into two parts that can be opened, and a mold cavity 3 for molding the titanium alloy functional material 2 is arranged between the two parts, and the prefabricated structure is installed in the designated position of the mold cavity 3 by pouring; when in use, the liquid titanium alloy material is injected into the mold cavity 3 through the pouring hole 12 connected to the mold cavity 3 to form the required titanium alloy functional material 2.

[0047] Furthermore, the mold of this embodiment is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 13 for exhausting the air in the mold cavity 3 during pouring to ensure the pouring quality.

[0048] In a further optimized solution, the titanium alloy functional material 2 includes a main body 9, and a porous area 6 is arranged on the main body 9. The main body 9 of this embodiment is cast through the mold cavity 3 according to the design, and the porous area 6 can be arranged at different positions according to the setting.

[0049] Further optimizing the scheme, the prefabricated structure includes a prefabricated thin layer 1 or a prefabricated blank 7. The prefabricated structure of the present application can be divided into two types, namely, a prefabricated thin layer 1 and a prefabricated blank 7, according to the position and shape. When the porous area 6 is a thinner structure with a flat structure, the prefabricated thin layer 1 can be selected; and when the porous area 6 is a structure with a larger and uneven thickness and poor flatness, the prefabricated blank 7 can be selected.

[0050] Further optimization scheme, when the prefabricated structure includes the prefabricated thin layer 1, the prefabricated thin layer 1 is formed by 3D printing using hollow ceramic balls 10. When the porous area 6 is the prefabricated thin layer 1, the prefabricated thin layer 1 is formed by combining a plurality of hollow ceramic balls together using a 3D printing method, so that the hollow ceramic balls can be combined together with a small strength to meet the requirement of not collapsing during the taking and placing process.

[0051] Preparation method:

[0052] Step 1: Prepare a porous preform thin layer 1 with a certain strength by using a 3D printing method through hollow ceramic balls. The hollow ceramic balls in the preform thin layer 1 can be combined together with a small strength to meet the requirement of not collapsing during the picking and placing process; fix the preform thin layer 1 in a specified position of the model cavity 3 of the mold through fine titanium pins 4 and thin sheets 5 to obtain a titanium alloy casting. The model cavity 3 inside the casting is all in a connected state. The molten metal can complete the molding process through the pores in the model cavity 3 and the preform thin layer 1 under the action of gravity;

[0053] Step 2: pouring titanium alloy molten metal. After the molten metal enters from the pouring port, it can flow in the model cavity 3 and penetrate from the pores of the preform thin layer 1 to complete the filling process. After filling, the titanium alloy molten metal solidifies and forms, separating the model cavity 3 from the titanium alloy functional material 2. The preform thin layer 1 remains in the surface layer of the titanium alloy functional material 2, and the cavity characteristics inside the hollow ceramic ball are retained, forming a titanium alloy functional material 2 composed of a hollow ceramic ball 10 and a titanium alloy. The titanium alloy functional material 2 on the surface is composed of a large number of closely arranged hollow ceramic balls 10 and the titanium alloy therebetween. The outer wall of each hollow ceramic ball 10 is a ceramic material and the inside is hollow. Therefore, from a macroscopic perspective, the surface porous area 6 is a material composed of a titanium alloy, the outer wall of the hollow ceramic ball 10 and the hollow inner cavity of the hollow ceramic ball 10, and the area where the preform thin layer 1 is not placed is a non-porous material. Therefore, after removing the mold, a titanium alloy functional material 2 with a porous surface can be prepared, and the position of the porous surface area can be controlled by changing the placement position of the preform thin layer 1.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] Refer to the attached Figure 5-6 As shown, in this embodiment, when the prefabricated structure includes a preform 7, the preform 7 is formed by sintering hollow ceramic balls 10. This embodiment uses a 3D printing method to make the preform thin layer 1, which has high preparation efficiency and low cost, and can realize the preparation of porous titanium on the surface of the titanium casting.

[0056] In a further optimization scheme, the preform 7 is processed by CNC machining to form a preform block 8. Since the preform 7 is thick and irregular in shape, it is not convenient to use 3D printing. The adjacent hollow ceramic balls can be sintered and fixed together by high-temperature sintering, which is more efficient and rapid.

[0057] The sintered preform 7 can be processed by a numerically controlled milling machine to obtain the desired irregular porous preform block 8 .

[0058] Preparation method:

[0059] Step 1: A porous preform 7 with a certain strength is prepared by sintering hollow ceramic balls. The hollow ceramic balls in the preform 7 can be combined together with a small strength to meet the requirements of not collapsing during the placement and placement process, and can also meet the requirements of subsequent processing and preparation of special-shaped preforms;

[0060] Step 2: Use a CNC milling machine to process the model cavity 3 in the mold, and at the same time process the preform blank 7 into a plurality of preform blocks 8 corresponding to the local cavity structure in the model cavity 3, assemble the mold and the plurality of preforms to obtain a casting of the titanium alloy, and set a fixed structure between the preform block 8 and the mold, so that all the model cavities 3 are in a connected state, and the molten metal can complete the molding process through the pores in the model cavity 3 and the preform block under the action of gravity;

[0061] Step three: pouring titanium alloy molten metal. After the molten metal enters from the pouring port, it can flow in the model cavity 3 and penetrate into the porous structure of the preform block 8 to complete the filling process. After filling, the titanium alloy molten metal solidifies and takes shape. After removing the mold, the preform block 8 remains in the titanium alloy functional material 2, and the cavity characteristics inside the hollow ceramic balls of the preform block 8 are retained, forming porous hollow ceramic balls / titanium alloy composite materials of different sizes and shapes in multiple regions. Therefore, after removing the mold, a titanium alloy titanium alloy functional material 2 with multiple porous regions of a titanium casting can be prepared. By changing the placement position of the hollow ceramic ball preform, the purpose of controllable porous position can be achieved. The rapid machining of the preform block 8 made of the mold and the hollow ceramic ball can achieve rapid preparation of the functional material.

[0062] This embodiment adopts the sintering method to make the hollow ceramic ball preform 7, which can be prepared in advance into a standard size and can meet the needs of rapid processing and preparation of multiple hollow ceramic ball preforms of different sizes and shapes, and can design and manufacture porous structures with complex shapes and porous areas in different regions.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material, characterized in that The following steps are involved: A hollow ceramic ball (10) is selected and a prefabricated structure adapted to the porous region (6) of the titanium alloy functional material (2) to be prepared is manufactured; The prefabricated structure is installed at a designated position of the mold according to the production requirements of the titanium alloy functional material (2) to produce a casting mold; preparing alloy materials, heating and liquefying the alloy materials, and then pouring molten metal into a casting mold; The molten metal flows in the mold, so that the alloy material fills the gap between the inner cavity of the mold and the hollow ceramic ball (10) of the prefabricated structure; The mold is removed to obtain the desired titanium alloy functional material (2) in which the local porous region (6) is controlled in position.

2. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow ceramic ball (10) comprises one or both of zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide, and has a diameter of 3 mm to 15 mm.

3. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold and the prefabricated structure are fixed via titanium pins (4) and thin sheets (5).

4. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of removing the mold, the prefabricated structure and the titanium alloy functional material (2) are not separated, and the prefabricated structure is embedded in the designed position of the titanium alloy functional material (2).

5. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold comprises a main body (11), a model cavity (3) adapted to the titanium alloy functional material (2) is arranged in the main body (11), and the prefabricated structure is arranged at a designed position of the model cavity (3); and a pouring hole (12) connected to the model cavity (3) is arranged on the main body (11).

6. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium alloy functional material (2) comprises a main body (9), and a porous area (6) is arranged on the main body (9).

7. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated structure comprises a prefabricated thin layer (1) or a prefabricated blank (7).

8. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the prefabricated structure comprises a prefabricated thin layer (1), the prefabricated thin layer (1) is produced and formed by using the hollow ceramic balls (10) through a 3D printing method.

9. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the prefabricated structure includes the prefabricated body (7), the prefabricated body (7) is formed by sintering the hollow ceramic ball (10).

10. The method for preparing a partially porous and position-controllable titanium alloy functional material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preform blank (7) is processed by numerical control to form a preform block (8).

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