Wind tunnel test wind turbine tail flow measuring device and system based on pitot tube array

Abstract

The invention belongs to the related technical field of wind tunnel tests, and discloses a wind tunnel test wind turbine tail flow measuring device and system based on a pitot tube array. The wind measurement module comprises wind measurement units which are connected in series in the horizontal direction, each wind measurement unit comprises two scissor arms and a pitot tube, the centers of the two scissor arms are fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms can rotate around the centers to adjust the included angle between the two scissor arms; the pitot tube is fixedly connected to the center of the scissor arm, the mounting direction of the pitot tube is the same as the direction of to-be-measured airflow, and the pitot tube is used for measuring the airflow velocity of wake flow in real time; the wind measurement module is connected to the adjustable mounting support module, the height and width of the wind measurement module are adjusted by adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting support module, and then the height of wind measurement units in the wind measurement module and the distance between the wind measurement units are adjusted. According to the invention, the problem that wake flow measurement is difficult to be suitable for fan models with different scale ratios at the same time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to wind tunnel tests, and more specifically, relates to a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device and system based on a Pitot tube array. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of wind farm scale and the increase of single-machine power, the field of wind power generation is gradually facing the challenge of the wake effect of wind turbines. The wake effect not only reduces the inflow wind speed of the downstream wind turbine, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency, but also produces an uneven airflow field, causing the downstream wind turbine to be subjected to unstable aerodynamic loads, affecting its structural safety and service life. Therefore, the study of wind turbine wake has important theoretical and practical significance for optimizing the layout design of wind farms, improving the overall power generation efficiency, and reducing the equipment failure rate.

[0003] In wind tunnel experiments, measuring the velocity field distribution and turbulence intensity of wind turbine wakes is one of the important means of analyzing wake characteristics. As a classic fluid velocity measuring instrument, the Pitot tube is widely used in wind tunnel experiments due to its simple structure and high measurement accuracy. However, traditional single Pitot tubes or speed measuring instruments are inefficient in wake measurement, and usually require the measurement equipment to be moved point by point, making it difficult to obtain complete wake velocity field data in a short time. In addition, in the face of large-scale wind turbine wakes, traditional measurement methods may miss some flow field features and fail to accurately capture the detailed information of the wake.

[0004] Although instruments such as hot wire anemometers and particle image velocimeters have multi-point measurement capabilities, many laboratories find it difficult to equip such equipment due to their high prices. At the same time, some existing self-developed wind measurement devices have poor reusability and are difficult to apply to wind turbine models with different scale ratios at the same time, which increases the cost and complexity of the experiment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wake measurement device that can perform multi-point synchronous measurements, is applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios, has high reusability and is low in cost, in order to improve measurement efficiency and data accuracy and promote the progress of wind turbine wake research. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device and system based on a Pitot tube array, which solves the problem that wake measurement is difficult to be simultaneously applicable to wind turbine models with different scale ratios.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a pitot tube array is provided, the measurement device comprising a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module:

[0007] The wind measurement module includes a wind measurement unit connected in series in the horizontal direction, the wind measurement unit includes two scissor arms and a pitot tube, the centers of the two scissor arms are fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between the two; the pitot tube is fixedly connected to the center of the scissor arms, and its installation direction is the same as the direction of the airflow to be measured, and the pitot tube is used to measure the airflow velocity of the wake in real time;

[0008] The width and height of the adjustable mounting bracket module are adjustable. The wind measuring module is connected to the adjustable mounting bracket module. The height and width of the wind measuring module are adjusted by adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting bracket module, thereby adjusting the height of the wind measuring units in the wind measuring module and the distance between them.

[0009] Further preferably, the wind measurement module comprises multiple layers of wind measurement units connected in series along the horizontal direction, and the layers are connected by connection units arranged along the vertical direction.

[0010] Further preferably, the plurality of wind measuring units are connected in series in the horizontal direction so that the Pitot tubes form an N*M array structure, where N and M are positive integers.

[0011] Further preferably, the connection unit comprises two scissor arms fixedly connected at a center point, and the two scissor arms can be rotated around the center point to adjust the angle between them.

[0012] Further preferably, locking washers are provided at the connection locations between the connection unit and the wind measuring units on the top layer and the bottom layer which are connected in series in the horizontal direction.

[0013] Further preferably, the adjustable mounting bracket module includes two scissor links, a liftable support column and a base, the centers of the two scissor links are connected to the upper end of the liftable support column, the two scissor links can rotate around the center to adjust the angle between them, the height of the liftable support column is adjustable, and the base is arranged at the bottom end of the liftable support column.

[0014] Further preferably, four vertices on the side of the wind measurement module are connected to the scissor-type connecting rod.

[0015] Further preferably, the scissor-type connecting rod is provided with a slide groove matching with four vertices on the side of the wind measuring module, and the four vertices on the side of the wind measuring module can slide along the slide groove.

[0016] Further preferably, the slide groove is formed by slotting on the scissor-type connecting rod, and the four vertices on the side of the wind measuring module slide in the slide groove through stop bolts.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement system based on a Pitot tube array is provided. The measurement system includes the measurement device and the pressure measurement device described above. The Pitot tube is connected to the pressure measurement device to measure the flow direction wind speed at the location of the Pitot tube in real time.

[0018] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. Through the retractable design of the scissor arm mechanism and the adjustable mounting bracket module, the number and spacing of the pitot tube array can be flexibly adjusted to meet the measurement requirements of wind turbine models with different scale ratios, thereby improving the reusability of the device. Through the overall retractable adjustment of the liftable support column and the scissor-type connecting rod, the device can adapt to wind turbine models of different heights, ensuring that the measurement point is aligned with the center of the wind rotor, thereby improving data accuracy.

[0020] 2. By adding scissor arm mechanisms in the horizontal and vertical directions, an N×M array layout mode can be realized, which can perform large-scale, high-resolution synchronous measurement of the wind turbine (or building) wake. The device has a small windward area, low blockage rate, and little interference to the flow field, ensuring accurate capture of the velocity field and turbulence intensity in the wake area.

[0021] 3. The device adopts modular design and simple structure, which significantly reduces the manufacturing cost. The wind measurement module and the bracket module are designed to be independently disassembled and replaced, which greatly reduces the operation and maintenance cost. At the same time, it improves the convenience of the device during transportation, so that it can be quickly installed and debugged at the test site. The device is also suitable for various types of wind tunnel tests, with high versatility and wide application potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wind turbine wake measurement device for a wind tunnel test based on a Pitot tube array constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 2 are front and rear views of a wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a rear view;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a side view of a wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a partial enlarged view of a corresponding part;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a top view of a wake measurement device constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a partial enlarged view of a corresponding part.

[0026] Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0027] 1-Scissor arm, 2-Joint pin, 3-Pitot tube, 4-Fixed bracket, 5-Two-way hinge joint, 6-Standard half-threaded bolt, 7-Scissor connecting rod, 8-Special half-threaded bolt, 9-Liftable support column, 10-Base, 11-Lock washer, 12-Three-way hinge joint, 13-Extended half-threaded bolt, 14-Pressure measuring tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a pitot tube array. The device includes two parts: a wind measurement module and an adjustable mounting bracket module, and is intended to achieve high-precision measurement of wind turbine wakes through a pitot tube array.

[0030] The wind measurement module is mainly composed of multiple wind measurement units, each of which contains two scissor arms 1, a joint pin 2 and a pitot tube 3. The scissor arm 1 is hinged at the center position through the joint pin 2 to form a retractable cross structure. The pitot tube 3 is installed at the joint pin of the scissor arm through a fixed bracket 4, and the installation direction is consistent with the airflow direction. The static pressure hole and the total pressure hole of the pitot tube are respectively connected to the external pressure scanning valve through the connected pressure measuring tube 14, which is used to measure the airflow velocity in the wake in real time.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-layer scissor arm 1 and the joint pin 2 form a stable array structure, and the pitot tube 3 is neatly arranged in the horizontal direction, which can realize the multi-point synchronous measurement of the wind turbine wake. By adjusting the extension and retraction of the scissor arm, the measurement point spacing of the wind measurement module can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to wind turbine models with different scale ratios.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, due to the thickness of the scissor arm itself, locking washers 11 are installed at the hinges of the top and bottom scissor arms in the vertical direction, and the standard half-threaded bolts 6 are passed through the washers and fixed to the two-way hinge joint 5, and the standard half-threaded bolts are tightened to prevent displacement during the experiment.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the support module consists of two scissor-type links 7, a liftable support column 9 and a base 10. The central opening of the scissor-type link 7 is fixed to the support column by a special semi-threaded bolt 8. The bottom of the support column 9 is rigidly connected to the base 10 to ensure that the entire device remains stable during the experiment. Through the liftable support column 9, the device can be adjusted in height in the vertical direction to ensure that the center measurement point of the pitot tube array is aligned with the center of the impeller of the wind turbine model, thereby achieving all-round measurement of the wind rotor plane wake.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two sides of the scissor-type connecting rod 7 are hollowed out, and four lengthened semi-threaded bolts 13 pass through the hollowed-out part of the connecting rod and are connected to the three-way hinge joints 12 at the four corners of the pitot tube wind measuring module, and the wind measuring module is firmly fixed to the scissor-type connecting rod by the friction force of the bolts. By adjusting the positions of the four lengthened semi-threaded bolts in the hollowed-out area, the wind measuring device can be adjusted in equal proportions in the horizontal and vertical directions to meet the needs of wind tunnel experiments of different sizes.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the wind measuring units in the horizontal direction are hinged in sequence through the scissor arm 1 to form a horizontal array; in the vertical direction, the scissor arm units are also hinged through the joint pin to form a vertical array, but no pitot tube is installed. Multiple horizontal arrays are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction to finally form an N×M pitot tube array for all-round measurement of the wind turbine wake.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, three-way hinge joints 12 are provided at the four corner points of the wind measurement array module, which are fixed to the scissor-type connecting rod 7 by lengthened half-threaded bolts 13. The three-way hinge joints 12 provide a flexible angle adjustment function to ensure that the pitot tube array can be accurately positioned to meet different experimental requirements.

[0037] In addition, the hollow design of the stop bolt and the scissor-type connecting rod provides sufficient redundancy, which facilitates the adjustment of the overall size of the device and the spacing of the pitot tubes according to experimental requirements, ensuring the flexibility and accuracy of the measurement.

[0038] In actual use, the Pitot tube array obtains the airflow velocity and pressure data in the wake of the wind turbine through the pressure scanning valve, and calculates the wind speed based on the Bernoulli equation. By adjusting the telescopic length and height of the scissor-type connecting rod 7 and the supporting column 9, the position and spacing of the Pitot tube array can be flexibly adjusted to ensure the measurement accuracy under different experimental conditions.

[0039] Through the design of the present invention, large-scale, multi-point synchronous wake measurement can be achieved in a wind tunnel experiment, especially for the wake of a large-scale wind turbine, which can significantly improve the measurement efficiency and data accuracy.

[0040] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel tests based on a pitot tube array, characterized in that: The measuring device comprises a wind measuring module and an adjustable mounting bracket module, wherein: The wind measurement module comprises a wind measurement unit connected in series in a horizontal direction, the wind measurement unit comprising two scissor arms (1) and a pitot tube (3), the centers of the two scissor arms (1) being fixedly connected, and the two scissor arms (1) being rotatable around the centers to adjust the angle between the two; the pitot tube (3) being fixedly connected to the centers of the scissor arms, and having an installation direction which is the same as the direction of the airflow to be measured, and the pitot tube (3) being used to measure the airflow velocity of the wake in real time; The width and height of the adjustable mounting bracket module are adjustable. The wind measuring module is connected to the adjustable mounting bracket module. The height and width of the wind measuring module are adjusted by adjusting the height and width of the adjustable mounting bracket module, thereby adjusting the height of the wind measuring units in the wind measuring module and the distance between them.

2. A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wind measurement module comprises multiple layers of wind measurement units connected in series in the horizontal direction, and the layers are connected by connection units arranged in the vertical direction.

3. The wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel test based on a Pitot tube array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple layers of wind measuring units connected in series in the horizontal direction enable the Pitot tubes to form an N×M array structure, where N and M are positive integers.

4. A wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The connection unit comprises two scissor arms (1) which are fixedly connected at a center point, and the two scissor arms (1) can rotate around the center point to adjust the angle between them.

5. A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement device based on a Pitot tube array as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Locking washers are provided at the connection positions between the connection unit and the wind measuring units connected in series in the horizontal direction on the top layer and the bottom layer.

6. The wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel test based on a Pitot tube array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable mounting bracket module comprises two scissor-type connecting rods (7), a liftable supporting column (9) and a base (10); the centers of the two scissor-type connecting rods (7) are connected to the upper ends of the liftable supporting columns (9); the two scissor-type connecting rods (7) can rotate around the centers to adjust the angle between the two; the height of the liftable supporting column is adjustable; and the base (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the liftable supporting column (9).

7. A wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: Four vertices on the side of the wind measurement module are connected to the scissor-type connecting rod (7).

8. A wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel tests based on a Pitot tube array as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The scissor-type connecting rod is provided with a slide groove matched with four vertices on the side of the wind measuring module, and the four vertices on the side of the wind measuring module can slide along the slide groove.

9. The wind turbine wake measurement device for wind tunnel test based on a Pitot tube array according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slide groove is formed by slotting on the scissor-type connecting rod, and the four vertices on the side of the wind measurement module slide in the slide groove through the stop bolts.

10. A wind tunnel test wind turbine wake measurement system based on a Pitot tube array, characterized in that: The measuring system comprises the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a pressure measuring device, wherein the Pitot tube is connected to the pressure measuring device and is used for measuring the flow direction wind speed at the location of the Pitot tube in real time.

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