Service test device and test method for fusible alloy part

Abstract

The invention discloses a fusible alloy part service test device which comprises a measuring device, a clamping device and a temperature control device, and the fusible alloy part comprises a brazing filler metal layer located in the middle, and a first copper plate layer and a second copper plate layer which are located on the two sides of the brazing filler metal layer respectively; the clamping device comprises a first chuck and a second chuck, one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected with the first chuck, and the other one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected with the second chuck; the measuring device is connected with the first chuck and is used for monitoring displacement and force in a test process; and the temperature control device is used for controlling the temperature of the fusible alloy part in the test process. According to the service test device for the fusible alloy part, high-temperature service test can be reliably and efficiently carried out on the fusible alloy part, and the problem of lack of the service test device for the fusible alloy part is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high temperature service environment simulation test of fusible alloy components, and in particular to a service test device for fusible alloy components and a test method based on the service test device. Background Art

[0002] Fusible alloy components (also called thermal fuses, temperature fuses) refer to components that, under rated current, when the temperature exceeds the specified value, the ambient temperature plus the heat generated by the components themselves will cause the components to melt, thereby disconnecting the circuit; this principle can be used to make overheat circuit protectors. Therefore, fusible alloy components are widely used in high and low voltage power distribution systems and control systems as well as electrical equipment. As overheat protectors for short circuits and overcurrents, they are one of the most commonly used protection devices.

[0003] At present, there is no reliable and efficient test method for the high-temperature service acceptance of fusible alloy components, resulting in a large number of substandard components flowing into the construction site. During the on-site operation, it was found that fire accidents caused by the failure of fusible alloy components in high-temperature service frequently occurred, such as the failure of fusible alloy components causing the burning of equipment components, the failure of fusible alloy components causing the failure or damage of fire dampers, causing fires, etc.

[0004] In addition, the existing test methods can only detect the high-temperature service performance of a fusible alloy component, and often use constant temperature liquid media to simulate the high-temperature service environment of fusible alloy components. For example, most liquid media are water, silicone oil, thermal oil, etc. These media are high-humidity, high-temperature, and highly corrosive. During the test, it is easy to cause serious corrosion to the fusible alloy component itself, affecting the test results. The liquid medium heats up slowly, is easy to volatilize, and has low detection efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to invent a reliable, efficient and pollution-free service test device and test method for fusible alloy components to provide data for improving the high-temperature service performance of fusible alloy components and reducing the occurrence of fire accidents. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a service test device for fusible alloy components.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A service test device for a fusible alloy component comprises a measuring device, a clamping device and a temperature control device, wherein the fusible alloy component comprises a solder layer located in the middle, and a first copper plate layer and a second copper plate layer located on both sides of the solder layer respectively; the clamping device comprises a first chuck and a second chuck, one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected to the first chuck, and the remaining one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected to the second chuck; the measuring device is connected to the first chuck and is used to monitor the displacement and force during the test; the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the fusible alloy component during the test.

[0009] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first copper plate layer includes a first connection portion connected to the solder layer and a first extension portion extending outside the solder layer; and / or the second copper plate layer includes a second connection portion connected to the solder layer and a second extension portion extending outside the solder layer.

[0010] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the first extension portion and the second extension portion extend in opposite directions. The copper plate is preferably a brass plate, that is, the fusible alloy component includes a first copper plate layer, a solder layer, and a second copper plate layer in sequence, and parts of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer are respectively connected to both sides of the solder layer, and the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer extend to the outside of the solder layer in opposite directions.

[0011] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first clamp includes a first clamping plate and a first connecting block, the first connecting block is connected to the measuring device; a first accommodating groove for accommodating the first connecting block, the first extension part or the second extension part is provided in the first clamping plate.

[0012] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the second clamp includes a second clamping plate and a second connecting block, and the second connecting block is connected to the temperature control device; a second accommodating groove for accommodating the second connecting block, the first extension part or the second extension part is provided in the second clamping plate.

[0013] Preferably, the first clamping plate and the first connecting block, the second clamping plate and the second connecting block are made of steel.

[0014] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first extension part, the first connection block, and the first clamping plate are provided with through holes penetrating their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes; and / or the second extension part, the second connection block, and the second clamping plate are provided with through holes penetrating their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes. The first extension part, the first connection block, and the first clamping plate are connected through the pins; and the second extension part, the second connection block, and the second clamping plate are connected through the pins, so that when the measuring device drives the first connection block to move, the fusible alloy component can be pulled.

[0015] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the first connection block and / or the second connection block are provided with threaded holes penetrating through the thickness direction of each, and threaded members are arranged in the threaded holes, and the threaded members cooperate with the threaded holes to tightly fit the extension part to the first connection block or the second connection block. The pins are mainly used to connect the first clamping plate and the first connection block together, and the threaded members are used to fasten the copper plate and fix the copper plate between the clamping plate and the connection block.

[0016] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the test device is provided with multiple groups of fusible alloy components, multiple groups of first extension parts are located in the first accommodating grooves, and the first connecting blocks are located between adjacent first extension parts; multiple groups of second extension parts are located in the second accommodating grooves, and the second connecting blocks are located between adjacent second extension parts.

[0017] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the temperature control device comprises a sand bath tank, yellow sand contained in the sand bath tank, and a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the yellow sand. The sand bath tank is threadedly connected to the middle position of the second connection block.

[0018] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the yellow sand is 0.075-0.25 mm.

[0019] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the measuring device includes a connecting piece, a tensile gauge and / or a displacement sensor, and the connecting piece is used to connect the measuring device with an external traction mechanism; the lower part of the measuring device is welded to the middle position of the first connecting block through a steel wire rope. Preferably, the connecting piece is a pull ring, the tensile gauge is a 5000N digital tensile gauge, and the displacement sensor is a digital displacement sensor, and is placed on the side of the tensile gauge. The upper end of the steel wire rope is welded to the tensile gauge, and the lower end is welded to the first connecting block.

[0020] The present invention also provides a test method for a fusible alloy component according to the above service test device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Assemble the fusible alloy parts into one unit with the service test device;

[0022] Pour yellow sand into the sand bath to a depth that at least covers the brazing material layer of the fusible alloy component;

[0023] The yellow sand is heated to a service temperature of the fusible alloy components;

[0024] Apply working load to the fusible alloy component and maintain the load for a set time. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the requirements are met and the next step is carried out;

[0025] Apply limit load to the fusible alloy component that meets the requirements, and maintain the load for a set time. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the requirements are met and the next step is carried out;

[0026] Apply a working load to the fusible alloy component that meets the requirements, and raise the temperature of the yellow sand to a set temperature. If the fusible alloy component is detached, the fusible alloy component meets the requirements.

[0027] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the service temperature is the ambient temperature of the fusible alloy component when it is working; and the set temperature is the action temperature set for the fusible alloy component.

[0028] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the working load is the normal load borne by the fusible alloy component when it is working; and the limit load is 2-3 times the working load.

[0029] According to some preferred implementation aspects of the present invention, the holding time is 3-15 minutes, and the set threshold of the displacement change is ±0.5-±2 mm.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the test method of the fusible alloy component specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Assembly

[0032] Assemble the fusible alloy component and the service test device into one. Specifically, the through holes of the first extension part, the first connection block, and the first clamping plate are aligned with each other, and pins are inserted into the through holes; at the same time, the through holes of the second extension part, the second connection block, and the second clamping plate are aligned with each other, and pins are inserted into the through holes. The pins are connected through the first extension part, the first connection block, and the first clamping plate; and through the second extension part, the second connection block, and the second clamping plate, so that when the measuring device drives the first connection block to move, the fusible alloy component can be pulled.

[0033] Two through holes are formed on the first extension part and the second extension part.

[0034] Step 2: Sand injection

[0035] Inject yellow sand into the sand bath to a depth that can cover the solder layer of the fusible alloy component. That is, the top surface of the yellow sand must be higher than the top of the solder layer so that the solder layer is buried in the yellow sand and the temperature of the solder layer is better controlled.

[0036] Step 3: First test (service temperature plus working load, no damage)

[0037] The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, and then applies an upward working load to the pull ring and maintains the load for a set time. If the component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the test requirements of step three are met and the next step is carried out.

[0038] Step 4: Second test (service temperature plus limit load, no damage)

[0039] Take any two fusible alloy parts that meet the test requirements of step 3 and repeat the operations of steps 1 and 2. The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand to the service temperature of the fusible alloy parts, apply an upward limit load to the pull ring, and hold the load for a set time. If the parts are not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the test requirements of step 4 are met and proceed to the next step.

[0040] Step 5: The third test (set temperature and load, disconnect)

[0041] Take any two of the fusible alloy parts that meet the test requirements of step 4 and repeat the operations of steps 1 and 2. The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand to the service temperature of the fusible alloy parts, apply an upward working load to the pull ring, and at the same time raise the temperature of the yellow sand from the service temperature to the set temperature. If the fusible alloy parts are immediately disengaged, it is judged that they meet the requirements of step 5.

[0042] Step 6: Judgment

[0043] If the fusible alloy component meets the test requirements of step three, step four and step five at the same time, it is judged that the fusible alloy component meets the high temperature service requirements, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.

[0044] The service temperature is the ambient temperature of the fusible alloy component when it is working; the set temperature is the action temperature set for the fusible alloy component. The working load is the normal load borne by the fusible alloy component when it is working; the limit load is 2-3 times the working load. The holding time is 3-15 minutes, and the setting threshold of the displacement change is ±0.5-±2mm.

[0045] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the benefit of the present invention is that the service test device of the fusible alloy component of the present invention can reliably and efficiently perform high-temperature service tests on the fusible alloy component, thereby solving the problem of the lack of a service test device for the fusible alloy component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fusible alloy component in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a service test device for fusible alloy components in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 The morphology photos of the brazing material layer after the fusible alloy parts were separated under different constant temperature media;

[0050] Among them, the figure markings are: 1-displacement sensor, 2-first connecting block, 3-first copper plate layer, 4-first clamping plate, 5-through hole, 6-threaded hole, 7-second copper plate layer, 8-second clamping plate, 9-sand bath tank, 10-fixing part, 11-second connecting block, 12-solder layer, 13-tensile gauge, 14-pull ring, 15-yellow sand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1 Service test device for fusible alloy components

[0053] like Figure 1As shown, the fusible alloy component in this embodiment includes a solder layer 12 located in the middle, a first copper plate layer 3 and a second copper plate layer 7 located on both sides of the solder layer 12. The first copper plate layer 3 includes a first connection portion connected to the solder layer 12 and a first extension portion extending outside the solder layer 12; the second copper plate layer 7 includes a second connection portion connected to the solder layer 12 and a second extension portion extending outside the solder layer 12. The extension directions of the first extension portion and the second extension portion are opposite. That is, the fusible alloy component includes the first copper plate layer 3, the solder layer 12 and the second copper plate layer 7 in sequence, and the first copper plate layer 3 and the second copper plate layer 7 are respectively connected to both sides of the solder layer 12, and the first copper plate layer 3 and the second copper plate layer 7 extend to the outside of the solder layer 12 in opposite directions. In this embodiment, the first copper plate layer 3 (first extension portion) is set to extend upward, and the second copper plate layer 7 (second extension portion) is set to extend downward. The first extension portion and the second extension portion are both provided with a through hole 5 that penetrates the thickness direction thereof. The copper plate is preferably a brass plate.

[0054] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the service test device of the fusible alloy component in this embodiment can test two groups of fusible alloy components at the same time. The test device includes a measuring device, a clamping device and a temperature control device. The clamping device includes a first clamp and a second clamp. The first copper plate layer 3 is connected to the first clamp, and the second copper plate layer 7 is connected to the second clamp. The measuring device is connected to the first clamp to monitor the displacement and force during the test.

[0055] The measuring device includes a connecting piece, a tensile gauge 13 and a displacement sensor 1. The connecting piece is used to connect the measuring device with an external tension traction mechanism; the lower part of the measuring device is welded to the middle position of the first clamp through a steel wire rope. Preferably, the connecting piece is a pull ring 14, the tensile gauge 13 is a 5000N digital tensile gauge 13, and the displacement sensor 1 is a digital displacement sensor 1, and is placed on the side of the tensile gauge 13.

[0056] The temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the fusible alloy component (solder) during the test. The temperature control device includes a sand bath 9, yellow sand 15 contained in the sand bath 9, and a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the yellow sand 15. The sand bath 9 is threadedly connected to the middle position of the second chuck. The particle size of the yellow sand 15 is 0.075-0.25 mm.

[0057] The first chuck includes a first clamping plate 4 and a first connecting block 2, the middle position of the first connecting block 2 is connected to the measuring device; the first clamping plate 4 is provided with a first receiving groove for accommodating the first connecting block 2 and two first extensions in the thickness direction, and the first connecting block 2 is arranged between the two first extensions; the second chuck includes a second clamping plate 8 and a second connecting block 11, the middle position of the second connecting block 11 is provided with a fixing member 10, and the fixing member 10 is threadedly connected to the sand bath tank 9 of the temperature control device; the second clamping plate 8 is provided with a second receiving groove for accommodating the second connecting block 11 and two second extensions in the thickness direction, and the second connecting block 11 is arranged between the two second extensions. Preferably, the first clamping plate 4 and the first connecting block 2, the second clamping plate 8 and the second connecting block 11 are made of steel.

[0058] The first extension part, the first connection block 2, and the first clamping plate 4 are provided with through holes 5 that penetrate their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes 5; the second extension part, the second connection block 11, and the second clamping plate 8 are provided with through holes 5 that penetrate their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes 5. Two through holes 5 are arranged in the first extension part and the second extension part. The first extension part, the first connection block 2, and the first clamping plate 4 are connected through the pins; and the second extension part, the second connection block 11, and the second clamping plate 8 are connected through the pins, so that when the measuring device drives the first connection block 2 to move, the fusible alloy component can be pulled.

[0059] The first connection block 2 and the second connection block 11 have threaded holes 6 extending through their thickness directions on their sides. Threaded members are provided in the threaded holes 6 . The threaded members cooperate with the threaded holes 6 to tightly fit the extension portion to the first connection block 2 or the second connection block 11 .

[0060] The test device of this embodiment is provided with two groups of fusible alloy components, and can perform high-temperature service tests on the two groups of fusible alloy components at the same time. The first extension parts of the two groups of fusible alloy components are located in the first accommodating grooves, and the first connecting block 2 is located between the two first extension parts; the two groups of second extension parts are located in the second accommodating grooves, and the second connecting block 11 is located between the two second extension parts.

[0061] Example 2 High temperature service test method for fusible alloy components

[0062] This embodiment provides a high temperature service test method for fusible alloy components based on the above test device, which can achieve a highly reliable, efficient and pollution-free test of fusible alloy components, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Assembly

[0064] The fusible alloy components are assembled into one body with the service test device.

[0065] Specifically, the through holes 5 of the first extension part, the first connection block 2, and the first clamping plate 4 are aligned with each other, and a pin is inserted into the through hole 5, the first connection block 2 is located between the two first extension parts, and the first connection block 2 and the two first extension parts are located in the first receiving groove of the first clamping plate 4; at the same time, the through holes 5 of the second extension part, the second connection block 11, and the second clamping plate 8 are aligned with each other, and a pin is inserted into the through hole 5, the second connection block 11 is located between the two second extension parts, and the second connection block 11 and the two second extension parts are located in the second receiving groove of the second clamping plate 8. The pin is connected through the first extension part, the first connection block 2, and the first clamping plate 4; and through the second extension part, the second connection block 11, and the second clamping plate 8, so that when the measuring device drives the first connection block 2 to move, the fusible alloy component can be pulled.

[0066] The top of the first connecting block 2 is connected to the measuring device, and the bottom of the second connecting block 11 is fixed in the sand bath tank 9 through a fixing member 10 .

[0067] Step 2: Sand injection

[0068] Yellow sand 15 with a particle size range of 0.075-0.25 mm is injected into the sand bath tank 9 to a depth that can cover the solder layers 12 of the two groups of fusible alloy components. That is, the top surface of the yellow sand 15 needs to be higher than the top of the solder layer 12, so that the solder layer 12 is buried in the yellow sand 15, and the temperature of the solder layer 12 is better controlled.

[0069] Step 3: First test (service temperature plus working load, no damage)

[0070] The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, and then applies an upward working load to the pull ring 14 for a set time. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the test requirements of step three are met and the next step is performed.

[0071] Step 4: Second test (service temperature plus limit load, no damage)

[0072] Randomly select two fusible alloy components that meet the test requirements of step 3, and repeat the operations of step 1 and step 2. The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, and applies an upward limit load to the pull ring 14, and maintains the load for a set time. If the component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the test requirements of step 4 are met, and the next step is carried out.

[0073] Step 5: The third test (set temperature and load, disconnect)

[0074] Randomly select two fusible alloy components that meet the test requirements of step 4, and repeat the operations of steps 1 and 2. The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, and applies an upward working load to the pull ring 14, while raising the temperature of the yellow sand 15 from the service temperature to the set temperature. If the fusible alloy component is disengaged, it is judged that it meets the requirements of step 5.

[0075] Step 6: Judgment

[0076] If the fusible alloy component meets the test requirements of step three, step four and step five at the same time, it is judged that the fusible alloy component meets the high temperature service requirements, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.

[0077] The service temperature is the ambient temperature when the fusible alloy component is working (in service); the set temperature is the set action temperature of the fusible alloy component. The working load is the normal load borne by the fusible alloy component when it is working; the limit load is 2-3 times the working load. The holding time is 3-15min, and the setting threshold of the displacement change is ±0.5-±2mm.

[0078] Example 2-1

[0079] Referring to Example 2, this example is a method for testing the high temperature service performance of 85°C fusible alloy components using the test device in Example 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Assembly

[0081] Assemble the fusible alloy component and the service test device into one. Fix the first copper plate layer 3 and the second copper plate layer 7 of the two 85°C fusible alloy components to the first chuck and the second chuck respectively. The first extensions of the two first copper plate layers 3 are located on both sides of the first connecting block 2, and the two first extensions and the first connecting block 2 are located in the first receiving groove of the first clamping plate 4, and are connected by pins. Similarly, the second extensions of the two second copper plate layers 7 are located on both sides of the second connecting block 11, and the two second extensions and the second connecting block 11 are located in the second receiving groove of the second clamping plate 8, and are connected by pins. The top of the first connecting block 2 is connected to the measuring device, and the bottom of the second connecting block 11 is fixed in the sand bath tank 9 by the fixing member 10.

[0082] Step 2: Sand injection

[0083] The yellow sand 15 with a thickness of 0.075-0.25 mm that has been exposed to the sun is injected into the sand bath tank 9 to a depth that can simultaneously submerge the solder layers 12 of the two groups of fusible alloy components.

[0084] Step 3: First test (service temperature plus working load, no damage)

[0085] The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, 45°C, and then applies an upward working load of 1000N to the pull ring 14 for 5 minutes. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within ±0.5mm, the test requirements of step three are met, and the fusible alloy components that meet the requirements proceed to the next step.

[0086] Step 4: Second test (service temperature plus limit load, no damage)

[0087] Take any two fusible alloy components that meet the requirements of step three, repeat the operations of step one and step two, and operate the temperature control mechanism to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of 45°C. Apply an upward limit load of 2000N to the pull ring 14 and maintain the load for 5 minutes. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within ±0.5mm, the test requirements of step four are met, and the fusible alloy components that meet the requirements proceed to the next step.

[0088] Step 5: The third test (set temperature and load, disconnect)

[0089] Take any two of the fusible alloy components that meet the test requirements of step four, repeat the operations of steps one and two, operate the temperature control mechanism to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to 45°C, apply an upward working load of 1000N to the pull ring 14, and at the same time raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 from 45°C to 85°C. The fusible alloy components are detached, and the test requirements of step five are met.

[0090] Step 6: Judgment

[0091] If the fusible alloy component meets the test requirements of step three, step four and step five at the same time, it is judged that the fusible alloy component meets the high temperature service requirements, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.

[0092] Example 2-2

[0093] Referring to Example 2, this example is a method for testing the high temperature service performance of 232°C fusible alloy components using the test device in Example 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0094] Step 1: Assembly

[0095] Assemble the fusible alloy component and the high temperature service test device into one. Fix the first copper plate layer 3 and the second copper plate layer 7 of the two 232°C fusible alloy components on the first chuck and the second chuck respectively. The first extensions of the two first copper plate layers 3 are located on both sides of the first connecting block 2, and the two first extensions and the first connecting block 2 are located in the first receiving groove of the first clamping plate 4, and are connected by pins. Similarly, the second extensions of the two second copper plate layers 7 are located on both sides of the second connecting block 11, and the two second extensions and the second connecting block 11 are located in the second receiving groove of the second clamping plate 8, and are connected by pins. The top of the first connecting block 2 is connected to the measuring device, and the bottom of the second connecting block 11 is fixed in the sand bath tank 9 by the fixing member 10.

[0096] Step 2: Sand injection

[0097] The yellow sand 15 with a thickness of 0.075-0.25 mm that has been exposed to the sun is injected into the sand bath tank 9 to a depth that can simultaneously submerge the solder layers 12 of the two groups of fusible alloy components.

[0098] Step 3: First test (service temperature plus working load, no damage)

[0099] The temperature control mechanism works to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of the fusible alloy component, 185°C, and then applies an upward working load of 1000N to the pull ring 14 for 5 minutes. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within ±0.5mm, the test requirements of step three are met, and the fusible alloy components that meet the requirements proceed to the next step.

[0100] Step 4: Second test (service temperature plus limit load, no damage)

[0101] Take any two fusible alloy components that meet the requirements of step three, repeat the operations of steps one and two, and operate the temperature control mechanism to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to the service temperature of 185°C. Apply an upward limit load of 3000N to the pull ring 14 and maintain the load for 5 minutes. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within ±0.5mm, the test requirements of step four are met, and the fusible alloy components that meet the requirements proceed to the next step.

[0102] Step 5: The third test (set temperature and load, disconnect)

[0103] Take any two of the fusible alloy components that meet the test requirements of step four, repeat the operations of steps one and two, operate the temperature control mechanism to raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 to 185°C, apply an upward working load of 1000N to the pull ring 14, and at the same time raise the temperature of the yellow sand 15 from 185°C to 232°C. The fusible alloy components are detached, and the test requirements of step five are met.

[0104] Step 6: Judgment

[0105] If the fusible alloy component meets the test requirements of step three, step four and step five at the same time, it is judged that the fusible alloy component meets the high temperature service requirements, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.

[0106] Test Example 1

[0107] For fusible alloy parts, based on the same test device and test method, different constant temperature media were used to test the high temperature service performance. The constant temperature media were water, oil, and sand. The morphological characteristics of the solder detachment after the test were compared. The results are as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0108] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the brazing material layer 12 of the fusible alloy component removed in the water medium is black and has a lot of corrosive black residue; the brazing material layer 12 of the fusible alloy component removed in the oil bath is yellow and has residual oil, which corrodes the fusible alloy component; the brazing material layer 12 of the fusible alloy component removed in the sand bath is relatively clean and has no corrosion.

[0109] The service test device and corresponding test method of the fusible alloy component of the present invention can realize the high-temperature service performance test of two or more fusible alloy components, so as to solve the problem that the high-temperature service performance of fusible alloy components in the prior art depends on manual experience judgment and cannot be accurately evaluated. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The conventional device has a complex structure and can only test the high-temperature service performance of one fusible alloy component. The experimental device of the present invention has a simple structure and is mainly composed of a measuring device, a temperature control device, and a clamping device, except for the necessary fusible alloy component to be tested; (2) The clamping structure of the device of the present invention is cleverly designed, which can fix two fusible alloy components and realize the high-temperature service performance test of the two fusible alloy components at the same time; (3) The temperature control medium of the test method of the present invention is fine yellow sand. Compared with the traditional liquid temperature control medium, the fine yellow sand will not corrode the fusible alloy component, will not volatilize harmful gases, and has a fast heating speed and high detection efficiency; (4) The present invention proposes the following "three-step" method to judge the high-temperature service performance of conventional fusible alloy components: service temperature, creep displacement under normal load, service temperature, creep displacement under extreme load, and fuse disconnection performance under normal load and operating temperature. The design is more reasonable and the results are more accurate.

[0110] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A service test device for fusible alloy components, characterized in that: It comprises a measuring device, a clamping device and a temperature control device, wherein the fusible alloy component comprises a solder layer in the middle, and a first copper plate layer and a second copper plate layer respectively located on both sides of the solder layer; the clamping device comprises a first chuck and a second chuck, one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected to the first chuck, and the remaining one of the first copper plate layer and the second copper plate layer is connected to the second chuck; the measuring device is connected to the first chuck and is used to monitor the displacement and force during the test; the temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the fusible alloy component during the test.

2. The service test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first copper plate layer includes a first connection portion connected to the solder layer and a first extension portion extending outside the solder layer; and / or the second copper plate layer includes a second connection portion connected to the solder layer and a second extension portion extending outside the solder layer.

3. The service test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first extending portion and the second extending portion extend in opposite directions.

4. The service test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first clamp includes a first clamping plate and a first connecting block, wherein the first connecting block is connected to the measuring device; a first accommodating groove for accommodating the first connecting block, the first extension part or the second extension part is provided in the first clamping plate.

5. The service test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second clamp includes a second clamping plate and a second connecting block, wherein the second connecting block is connected to the temperature control device; a second receiving groove for receiving the second connecting block, the first extension part or the second extension part is provided in the second clamping plate.

6. The service test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first extension part, the first connection block and the first clamping plate are provided with through holes penetrating their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes; and / or the second extension part, the second connection block and the second clamping plate are provided with through holes penetrating their respective thicknesses, and pins are arranged in the through holes.

7. The service test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first connection block and / or the second connection block are provided with threaded holes penetrating through the thickness direction thereof, and threaded members are arranged in the threaded holes. The threaded members cooperate with the threaded holes to tightly fit the extension part to the first connection block or the second connection block.

8. The service test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The test device is provided with multiple groups of fusible alloy components, multiple groups of first extensions are located in the first accommodating grooves, and the first connecting blocks are located between adjacent first extensions; multiple groups of second extensions are located in the second accommodating grooves, and the second connecting blocks are located between adjacent second extensions.

9. The service test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a sand bath tank, yellow sand contained in the sand bath tank, and a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature of the yellow sand.

10. The service test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The particle size of the yellow sand is 0.075-0.25 mm.

11. The service test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measuring device comprises a connecting piece, a tensile gauge and / or a displacement sensor, wherein the connecting piece is used to connect the measuring device with an external traction mechanism; and the lower part of the measuring device is connected with the first connecting block.

12. A test method for fusible alloy components based on the service test device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The steps include: Assemble the fusible alloy parts into one unit with the service test device; Pour yellow sand into the sand bath to a depth that at least covers the brazing material layer of the fusible alloy component; The yellow sand is heated to a service temperature of the fusible alloy components; Apply working load to the fusible alloy component and maintain the load for a set time. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the requirements are met and the next step is carried out; Apply limit load to the fusible alloy component that meets the requirements, and maintain the load for a set time. If the fusible alloy component is not damaged and the displacement change is within the set threshold, the requirements are met and the next step is carried out; Apply a working load to the fusible alloy component that meets the requirements, and raise the temperature of the yellow sand to a set temperature. If the fusible alloy component is detached, the fusible alloy component meets the requirements.

13. The test method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The service temperature is the ambient temperature of the fusible alloy component when it is working; the set temperature is the action temperature set for the fusible alloy component.

14. The test method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The working load is the normal load that the fusible alloy component bears when working; the limit load is 2-3 times the working load.

15. The test method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The holding time is 3-15 minutes, and the setting threshold of the displacement change is ±0.5-±2mm.

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