Method for evaluating shade tolerance of citrus reticulata blanco and screening shade-tolerant varieties

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating shade tolerance of citrus reticulata blanco and screening shade-tolerant varieties. The method comprises the following steps: S1, shading citrus reticulata blanco seedlings to be evaluated to different degrees; and S2, regularly measuring and recording indexes such as plant height, leaf thickness, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf color and fruit color. S3, carrying out comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the data, and calculating to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value; s4, screening out shade-tolerant citrus reticulata suitable for different illumination conditions according to the comprehensive evaluation value; and S5, further testing and verifying the screened shade-tolerant variety to ensure the adaptability and stability of the shade-tolerant variety in an actual planting environment. According to the screening method disclosed by the invention, the comprehensive evaluation system comprising a plurality of physiological and morphological characteristic indexes is constructed, and comprehensive analysis is carried out by utilizing a statistical analysis method, so that a more accurate evaluation result is obtained, and the shade tolerance of the citrus reticulata can be evaluated more comprehensively and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of New Year orange planting, and specifically relates to a method for evaluating the shade tolerance of New Year oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties. Background Art

[0002] As a common ornamental plant, the growth and quality of New Year oranges are significantly affected by light conditions. Insufficient light or excessive light may lead to limited growth, reduced quality, or even death of New Year oranges. Therefore, cultivating shade-tolerant New Year orange varieties is of great significance for adapting to different light conditions and improving the planting benefits of New Year oranges.

[0003] In the field of botany, the assessment of shade tolerance has always been a research hotspot. However, traditional shade tolerance assessment methods mainly rely on manual observation and empirical judgment, which is not only highly subjective but also lacks accuracy and reliability. In recent years, with the development of disciplines such as plant physiology, ecology, and horticulture, some new shade tolerance assessment methods have been proposed, such as chlorophyll content determination and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter analysis. These methods can more accurately reflect the plant's ability to adapt to light by measuring the physiological indicators of plant leaves, providing new ideas for shade tolerance assessment.

[0004] At present, the shade tolerance of plants is mainly evaluated based on chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Among them, chlorophyll content is usually determined by spectrophotometry or chlorophyll meter, and the photosynthesis capacity and shade tolerance of plants are judged by measuring the chlorophyll content in the leaves. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameter analysis uses chlorophyll fluorescence technology to measure the fluorescence parameters of leaves, such as Fv / Fm, NPQ, ΦPSII, etc. These parameters can reflect the activity and efficiency of plant photosynthesis, and then evaluate the shade tolerance of plants.

[0005] However, these existing technical solutions still have some problems when evaluating the shade tolerance of oranges. First, these methods usually only consider a single evaluation index and lack an evaluation system that comprehensively considers multiple indicators. Secondly, these methods often only focus on growth rate and morphological characteristics when screening shade-tolerant varieties, ignoring changes in quality indicators such as fruit color and leaf color. In addition, these methods are usually only carried out under a single lighting condition when evaluating shade tolerance, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the adaptability of plants under different lighting conditions.

[0006] In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for comprehensively evaluating the shade tolerance of oranges, and takes into account the changes in multiple evaluation indicators and quality indicators, as well as the adaptability under different light conditions. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the shade tolerance of oranges and precise screening of shade-tolerant varieties by constructing a comprehensive evaluation system and considering the influence of different light conditions.

[0008] A method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1 The evaluated orange seedlings were placed in different environments with different light intensities and shaded to different degrees.

[0010] S2 regularly measures and records plant height, leaf thickness, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf color, and fruit color indicators;

[0011] S3 conducts comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the data and calculates the comprehensive evaluation value;

[0012] S4 screens shade-tolerant varieties suitable for different light conditions based on the comprehensive evaluation value;

[0013] S5 conducts further tests and verifications on the selected shade-tolerant varieties to ensure their adaptability and stability in actual planting environments.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, SPSS software is used to perform data statistical analysis, and the comprehensive evaluation value is calculated using the formula D=Σ(Ui×Wi), where D is the comprehensive evaluation value, Ui is the membership value of the i-th indicator, and Wi is the weight of the i-th indicator;

[0015] The membership value Ui is calculated using the formula: Ui = (Xi-Xmin) / (Xmax-Xmin), where Xi is the value of a certain orange variety at a certain shading intensity, Xmin is the value of all orange varieties at all shading intensities, and Xmax is the maximum value of all orange varieties at all shading intensities.

[0016] The weight distribution Wi is calculated using the formula: Wi = Si / ΣSi, where Si is the indicator score and ΣSi is the sum of all indicator scores.

[0017] Preferably, the New Year orange is kumquat, kumquat or cinnabar orange.

[0018] Preferably, the chlorophyll content is measured by spectrophotometry or chlorophyll meter method. In one embodiment, spectrophotometry is selected for measurement.

[0019] Preferably, the leaf color and fruit color are measured using a colorimeter. In one embodiment, an SC-10 colorimeter is selected for measurement.

[0020] Preferably, the shading treatment sets a 20%-90% shading environment according to the actual placement environment, and the light intensity is 4000lux-200lux.

[0021] Preferably, the annual orange seedlings have a plant height of 40-75 cm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The method of the present invention constructs a comprehensive evaluation system including multiple physiological and morphological characteristic indicators, including multiple key indicators such as chlorophyll content, plant height, leaf area, fruit color, leaf color, etc., which is conducive to comprehensive analysis by multivariate statistical analysis methods, thereby obtaining more accurate evaluation results, and can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the shade tolerance of Nian oranges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of shading treatment of different oranges according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of the cinnabar orange under different shading conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of kumquat under different shading conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the growth of the four-season orange under different shading conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below in conjunction with relevant embodiments. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided in the embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0030] The reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; the methods used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all achievable by conventional methods.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1 The annual orange seedlings to be evaluated are placed in different environments with different light intensities and shaded to different degrees, and routine water and fertilizer management is performed.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 , 120 cinnabar oranges, kumquats, and four-season oranges were selected respectively, and each type of orange seedlings was divided into 6 groups, with 20 trees in each group, and different degrees of shading treatment were performed, T0-natural light, T1-shading 20% ​​4000lux, T2-shading 35% 2300lux, T3-shading 50% 1500lux, T4-shading 70% 800lux, T5-shading 90% light intensity 200lux.

[0035] S2 measured and recorded data such as plant height, leaf thickness, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf color, fruit color, etc. Three pots were used as 3 replicates for each measurement.

[0036] Chlorophyll content determination - spectrophotometric method, specifically:

[0037] Collect fresh plant leaves and make sure they are intact. Cut the leaves into small pieces, grind them thoroughly, and put them into ethanol for chlorophyll extraction.

[0038] Use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of the extract at a specific wavelength (such as 645nm and 663nm). Calculate the chlorophyll content in the leaves based on a standard curve or formula between absorbance and chlorophyll content.

[0039] Blade thickness

[0040] Vernier caliper measurement method: Use a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.02mm to evenly select 3 points along the main vein on the leaf and measure the thickness of the leaf at about 0.25cm from the main vein. Calculate the average value of the 3 measurement points as the thickness of the leaf. Further, the average thickness of multiple groups of leaves can be calculated to improve accuracy.

[0041] Leaf color and fruit color were measured using a colorimeter SC-10.

[0042] Record the index data of each group at the beginning and after 45 days. Figure 2-4 These are pictures of the growth of different types of oranges under different shading conditions after 45 days.

[0043] Table 1 Plant height data records

[0044]

[0045] Table 2 Leaf area data records

[0046]

[0047] Table 3. Blade thickness data records

[0048]

[0049] Table 4 Chlorophyll data records

[0050]

[0051] Table 5 Leaf color data records

[0052]

[0053] Table 6 Fruit color data records

[0054]

[0055] S3 conducts comprehensive analysis and evaluation on the data and calculates a comprehensive evaluation value.

[0056] The measured data of plant height, leaf thickness, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf color and fruit color were collated and statistically analyzed using Excel, SPSS and other software.

[0057] The differences in growth and physiological indicators of oranges under different shading treatments were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and other methods. See Table 1-6.

[0058] When light intensity weakens, the development of the branches above the ground of the plant tends to obtain more light energy, which is usually manifested as an increase in crown width, a decrease in the number of branches, and a decrease in the total number of leaves. A certain degree of shading for a certain period of time can promote plant growth. From the table, it can be seen that the average net growth of Zhusha orange under full light after 45 days of shading is the largest, and the average net growth is the smallest in kumquat. The height of the annual orange plant under different shading treatments has increased. With the increase of shading, the net growth of Zhusha orange is the most significant, indicating that it has a strong ability to adapt to weak light.

[0059] There was no significant difference in leaf area between kumquat and four-season orange at T0, but there was a significant difference between T1 and T0, indicating that kumquat is more sensitive to light shading and responds quickly to maintain life activities. The above analysis in Table 2 shows that Nianju can absorb more light by expanding leaf area to compensate for insufficient light. Zhushaju has the largest increase in leaf area, followed by kumquat and four-season orange, indicating that Zhushaju has the strongest ability to utilize weak light and has better shade tolerance. Kumquat and four-season orange have weaker ability to utilize weak light.

[0060] Chlorophyll plays a very important role in plant photosynthesis and participates in the capture, transmission and transformation of light reactions. The reduction of chlorophyll in plant leaves is closely related to its shading ability, sunshine period and the stress resistance of the species itself. At present, many scholars have studied and discussed the changes in chlorophyll content and composition of plants under different light environments. Most studies believe that shading will lead to an increase in chlorophyll content and a decrease in the value of chlorophyll a / b. As shown in Table 4, as the light intensity decreases, the chlorophyll content of cinnabar orange, kumquat and four-season orange gradually increases, and there is a significant difference between the T1 treatment and T0. The largest increase is kumquat, and the three kinds of annual oranges reach the maximum value at T5, indicating that the annual orange, under weak light conditions, enhances its photosynthetic capacity in weak light environments through the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and delays leaf senescence.

[0061] Table 5 and Table 6 show the variance analysis results of fruit and leaf color of Nian Tangerine using spas software. Nian Tangerine is an ornamental plant, and fruit and leaf color is an important indicator. a is the red-green color difference, the larger the a value, the deeper the red, and the smaller the a value, the deeper the green. b is the difference between yellow and blue, positive values ​​are yellow, and negative values ​​are blue. L is brightness.

[0062] In Table 5, the leaves of Zhusha orange are greener, and the higher the shade, the darker the color. This shows that it maintains better ornamental value under shade-tolerant conditions. Four-season orange and kumquat are weaker. In Table 6, the fruit color of Four-season orange and kumquat decreases as the light decreases. The brightness of Zhusha orange changes less. The a value also decreases with the increase of shade, and the decrease in Zhusha orange is smaller, and the fruit is redder. Excellent ornamental value. Kumquat and Four-season orange decrease more. The b value of Four-season orange and kumquat decreases more, and the performance is not as good as Zhusha orange.

[0063] Furthermore, for the data in Table 1-6, the comprehensive evaluation value is calculated using the formula D=Σ(Ui×Wi).

[0064] Among them, D is the comprehensive evaluation value, Ui is the membership value of the i-th indicator, and Wi is the weight of the i-th indicator. Similar calculations are performed for different shading intensities and different orange varieties to obtain the final shade tolerance evaluation.

[0065] Among them, the membership value Ui is calculated using the formula:

[0066] Ui=(Xi-Xmin) / (Xmax-Xmin), where Xi is the value of a certain tangerine variety under a certain shading intensity, Xmin is the value of all tangerine varieties under all shading intensities, and Xmax is the maximum value of all tangerine varieties under all shading intensities.

[0067] The weight distribution Wi is calculated using the formula:

[0068] Weight (Wi) = indicator score (Si) / total score of all indicators (ΣSi)

[0069] The calculation results of different shading intensities for various orange varieties are shown in Table 7-8.

[0070] Table 7 Calculation results of membership values ​​and weights under different shading intensities

[0071]

[0072] Table 8 Comprehensive evaluation values ​​under different shading intensities

[0073]

[0074] S4 selects shade-tolerant varieties suitable for different light conditions based on the evaluation results.

[0075] Tables 7-8 list the membership value, weight and weighted score of each indicator. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation value D of each orange was calculated. It can be concluded that under the shading conditions T0-T4, the shade tolerance of Zhusha orange is higher than that of Kumquat and Four Seasons Orange. When the shading rate T5 is 90%, Kumquat has better shade tolerance. Zhusha orange can be selected as a shade-tolerant variety for cultivation.

[0076] S5 conducts further tests and verifications on the selected shade-tolerant varieties to ensure their adaptability and stability in actual planting environments.

[0077] Further expand the experiment to verify the growth of Cinnabar Orange under adapted shading rates to ensure its adaptability and stability in actual planting environments.

[0078] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0079] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties, characterized in that: The steps include: S1 places the citrus seedlings to be evaluated in different environments and sets different degrees of shading according to the light intensity; S2 regularly measures and records plant height, leaf thickness, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf color, and fruit color indicators; S3 conducts comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the data and calculates the comprehensive evaluation value; S4 screens shade-tolerant varieties suitable for different light conditions based on the comprehensive evaluation value; S5 conducts further tests and verifications on the selected shade-tolerant varieties to ensure their adaptability and stability in actual planting environments.

2. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, SPSS software is used to perform data statistical analysis. Using the formula D = Σ(U i ×W i ) calculates the comprehensive evaluation value, Among them, D is the comprehensive evaluation value, U i is the membership value of the ith indicator, W i is the weight of the ith indicator, Membership value U i The calculation formula is: U i =(X i -X min ) / (X max -X min ), where X i is the value of a certain orange variety under a certain shading intensity, X min is the value of all orange varieties under all shade intensities, X max It is the maximum value of all tangerine varieties under all shade intensities; Weight distribution W i The calculation formula is: W i =S i / ΣS i , where S i is the index score, ΣS i The sum of all indicator scores.

3. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The New Year oranges are kumquats, kumquats or cinnabar oranges.

4. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chlorophyll content is measured by spectrophotometry or chlorophyll meter method.

5. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf color and fruit color are measured by a colorimeter.

6. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shading treatment sets a 20%-90% shading environment according to the actual placement environment, and the light intensity is 4000lux-200lux.

7. The method for evaluating shade tolerance of oranges and screening shade-tolerant varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annual orange seedlings have a plant height of 40-75 cm.

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