Method and system for measuring near-natural decomposition of manure of grazing livestock

Abstract

The invention discloses a near-natural decomposition determination method and a near-natural decomposition determination system for pasture livestock manure, and relates to the technical field of grassy, animal husbandry and ecology. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a target area, and randomly placing a plurality of groups of buckle cages in the target area; a quadrat is arranged in one buckle cage of each group of buckle cages; the target area is a section with consistent grazing terrain and vegetation; collecting plant measurement indexes, soil indexes and livestock manure in the quadrat; and measuring data acquired in the near-natural decomposition process of the pasture livestock manure by using a manure decomposition rate calculation formula, an element return rate calculation formula and a calculation formula of the effect of environmental factors on decomposition in a set period to obtain a corresponding measurement result. According to the method, the manure decomposition process and related restricting factors can be analyzed more quantitatively and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of grass science, animal husbandry and ecology, and in particular to a method and system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of dung of grazing livestock. Background Art

[0002] More than half of the world’s land is managed through grazing, and more than 60% of the aboveground biomass is eaten by herbivorous livestock and returned to the grasslands through manure. Therefore, rapid and accurate measurement of manure decomposition is one of the important foundations for understanding and managing material cycles and energy flows in global ecosystems.

[0003] In the past, the decomposition bag method was often used to measure the decomposition of manure. On the one hand, putting manure into nylon bags isolates most animals and plants, especially saprophytes, and some decomposing microorganisms. Although plants, animals, microorganisms and their interactions have a significant impact on manure decomposition, the decomposition bag method cannot be studied. On the other hand, light, temperature, water, etc. are important environmental factors that affect manure decomposition. The decomposition bag method, whether placed on the surface or buried in the soil, greatly changes the decomposition environment of manure. It can be seen that the decomposition bag method, whether it is the manure decomposition indicators or the environmental indicators, are greatly different from the actual situation. Therefore, it is imperative to invent a new method for measuring manure decomposition for grassland grazing management. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, which can more quantitatively and accurately analyze the manure decomposition process and related restrictive factors.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, comprising:

[0007] A target area is selected, and a plurality of groups of cages are randomly placed in the target area; a sample plot is arranged in one of the cages of each group; the target area is a section of grazing land with consistent topography and vegetation;

[0008] Collecting plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot;

[0009] Using the calculation formulas for manure decomposition rate, element return rate and the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, the data collected during the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure were measured to obtain the corresponding measurement results.

[0010] Optionally, the number of groups of buckle cages is 6, and each group has 9 buckle cages.

[0011] Optionally, the sample plot includes feces samples, grass samples and soil samples, and is divided into 3 parts; the first part is baked at 105°C for 5 minutes, then baked at 65°C to constant weight, and the mass is measured; the second sample is baked at 65°C to constant weight, and various components are measured; the third feces sample is stored at low temperature for analysis of enzyme activity, microorganisms, metabolome and animal species.

[0012] Optionally, the plant measurement indicators include litter species number, biomass by species, density, plant height and coverage; the soil indicators include temperature, humidity and soil physical and chemical properties.

[0013] Optionally, the feces decomposition rate calculation formula is:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, FDR x FM represents the decomposition rate of a group of cages decomposing feces for x days. n Indicates the amount of feces in the sample plot on the nth day of decomposition, FM n+x It represents the amount of manure in the sample plot at the time of decomposition n+x days, and A represents the area of ​​the sample plot.

[0016] Optionally, the element return rate calculation formula is:

[0017] The return rate of an element in feces = (the content of an element in the initial mass of feces - the content of an element in the residual mass) / decomposition time.

[0018] Optionally, the calculation formula for the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during the setting period is:

[0019] Y=aX 1 +bX 2 +cX 3 +…+Z

[0020] Among them, a, b, c... are the effect values ​​of various environmental factors on decomposition, Y is the feces decomposition rate, X is the 1 , X 2 , X 3 …are environmental factors, and Z is the intercept.

[0021] The present invention also provides a system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, comprising:

[0022] The area setting module is used to select a target area and randomly place multiple groups of cages in the target area; a sample plot is set in one of the cages in each group; the target area is a grazing area with consistent topography and vegetation;

[0023] A data collection module, used for collecting plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot;

[0024] The measurement and calculation module is used to measure the data collected during the near-natural decomposition process of grazing livestock manure using the calculation formulas for manure decomposition rate, element return rate, and the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, and obtain corresponding measurement results.

[0025] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0026] The present invention discloses a method and system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, the method comprising selecting a target area, and randomly placing multiple groups of buckle cages in the target area; a sample plot is provided in one of the buckle cages of each group of the buckle cages; the target area is a section of grazing land with consistent topography and vegetation; plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot are collected; and the data collected during the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure is measured using a manure decomposition rate calculation formula, an element return rate calculation formula and a calculation formula for the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, to obtain corresponding measurement results. The present invention can more quantitatively and accurately analyze the manure decomposition process and related restrictive factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of the method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, which can more quantitatively and accurately analyze the manure decomposition process and related restrictive factors.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, comprising:

[0033] Step 100: Select a target area and randomly place multiple groups of cages in the target area; a sample plot is set in one cage of each group of cages; the target area is a grazing area with consistent topography and vegetation.

[0034] Step 200: Collect plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot.

[0035] Step 300: Using the calculation formula for manure decomposition rate, the calculation formula for element return rate and the calculation formula for the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, the data collected during the near-natural decomposition process of grazing livestock manure is measured to obtain corresponding measurement results.

[0036] Based on the above technical solution, the following embodiments are provided.

[0037] In this embodiment, the cage method is used to measure the decomposition of feces. This method can protect the decomposition environment of feces to the greatest extent, and minimize the change of the biological environment, non-biological environment and their interactions of feces decomposition. At the same time, the determination of non-biological indicators and biological indicators of feces decomposition truly reflects the factors affecting feces decomposition, and can more quantitatively and accurately analyze the feces decomposition process and related restrictive factors.

[0038] First, in the grazing land with relatively consistent terrain and vegetation, 6 groups of cages were randomly placed, each with 9 cages. The cages were more than 1m high and had a bottom area of ​​2.1m×2.1m. The mesh size of the cages could prevent livestock from eating the grass inside the cages, while not affecting the light and precipitation inside the cages.

[0039] Before the decomposition test, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 30 months, and 36 months, one cage was opened from each group of 9 cages, and a 2.0m×2.0m sample plot was set up in it. The livestock manure in the sample plot was completely collected, and plant and soil indicators were extracted at the same time. The plant measurement indicators included the number of litter species, biomass of each species, density, plant height, and coverage, and the soil indicators included temperature, humidity, and soil physical and chemical properties. The feces, grass, and soil samples were divided into 3 parts, one of which was dried at 105℃ for 5 minutes, then dried at 65℃ to constant weight, and the mass was measured; the second sample was dried at 65℃ to constant weight, and various components were measured; the third feces sample was stored at low temperature for analysis of enzyme activity, microorganisms, metabolome, and animal species.

[0040] Then calculate:

[0041] The fecal decomposition rate (FDR) is the rate at which feces disappear from the cage.

[0042]

[0043] In the formula: FDR x , the decomposition rate of a group of cages for x days of feces (g·d -1 ·m -2 ); n, decomposition n days, the starting time of calculation, 0≤n≤36 months; n+x, decomposition n+x days, 0≤x≤36 months; FM n , decomposition of fecal mass in the sample plot on the nth day (fecal mass, FM, g·m -2 );FM n+x , decomposition of the amount of manure in the sample plot on day n+x (g·m -2 ); A, sample area, 4m 2 When n = 0, x = 36 months, FDR x is the decomposition rate during the entire decomposition period. Similarly, the return rate of various elements in feces can be determined.

[0044] The return rate of an element in feces (g·d -1 ·m -2 ) = (content of a certain element in the initial mass of feces (g) - content of a certain element in the residual mass (g)) / decomposition time

[0045] The dung decomposition rate of the grazing land is the average of the dung decomposition rates of the six cages (MeanFDR). X ±sd. The same is true for the return rates of various elements in feces.

[0046] Moreover, the effects of various environmental factors on decomposition during period x can also be analyzed.

[0047] Y=aX 1 +bX 2 +cX 3 +…+Z

[0048] Among them, a, b, c... are the effect values ​​of various environmental factors on decomposition, Y is the feces decomposition rate, X is the 1 , X 2 , X 3 …are environmental factors, and Z is the intercept. The return rates of various elements in feces are similar.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0050] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, characterized in that: include: Selecting a target area, and randomly placing a plurality of groups of cages in the target area; A sample plot is arranged in one of the cages of each group; The target area is a section with consistent grazing land topography and vegetation; Collecting plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot; Using the calculation formulas for manure decomposition rate, element return rate and the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, the data collected during the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure were measured to obtain the corresponding measurement results.

2. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buckle cages are divided into 6 groups, and each group includes 9 buckle cages.

3. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample plot includes fecal samples, grass samples and soil samples, and is divided into 3 parts; the first part is baked at 105°C for 5 minutes, and then baked at 65°C to constant weight, and the mass is measured; the second sample is baked at 65°C to constant weight, and various components are measured; the third fecal sample is stored at low temperature for analysis of enzyme activity, microorganisms, metabolome and animal species.

4. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant measurement indicators include the number of litter species, biomass of each species, density, plant height and coverage; the soil indicators include temperature, humidity and soil physical and chemical properties.

5. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feces decomposition rate calculation formula is: Among them, FDR x FM represents the decomposition rate of a group of cages decomposing feces for x days. n Indicates the amount of feces in the sample plot on the nth day of decomposition, FM n+x It represents the amount of manure in the sample plot at the time of decomposition n+x days, and A represents the area of ​​the sample plot.

6. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The element return rate calculation formula is: The return rate of an element in feces = (the content of an element in the initial mass of feces - the content of an element in the residual mass) / decomposition time.

7. The method for determining the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during the set period is: Y=aX1+bX2+cX3+…+Z Among them, a, b, c... are the effect values ​​of various environmental factors on decomposition, Y is the feces decomposition rate, X1, X2, X3... are various environmental factors, and Z is the intercept.

8. A system for measuring the near-natural decomposition of grazing livestock manure, characterized in that: include: A region setting module is used to select a target region and randomly place multiple groups of cages in the target region; A sample plot is arranged in one of the cages of each group; The target area is a section with consistent grazing land topography and vegetation; A data collection module, used for collecting plant measurement indicators, soil indicators and livestock manure in the sample plot; The measurement and calculation module is used to measure the data collected during the near-natural decomposition process of grazing livestock manure using the calculation formulas for manure decomposition rate, element return rate, and the effect of environmental factors on decomposition during a set period, and obtain corresponding measurement results.

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