Supergravity rainfall and water level rising and falling experimental device

Abstract

The invention discloses a supergravity rainfall and water level rising and falling experimental device, which is characterized in that a rainfall device is mounted above an experimental model box, so that external airflow can be isolated, the internal environment of the experimental model box is relatively simple, and rainfall simulation can be prevented from being influenced by the outside; the experimental model box and the sealed water tank are arranged up and down, and water in the experimental model box can be discharged into the experimental water tank by utilizing centrifugal force, so that the water level in the experimental model box can be reduced to the minimum; the water level in the experimental model box can be adjusted to rise and fall by controlling a plurality of electromagnetic valves on the water replenishing pipeline, the gas supply pipeline, the gas exhaust pipeline and the communication pipeline; the rainfall and water level rising and falling of the rainfall and water level rising and falling experimental device can be controlled by controlling the supply conditions of water and gas in the pipeline, so that on the premise that the water in the experimental device exceeds the volume limit, operations with unlimited times can be carried out according to experimental requirements, and the experimental efficiency is improved. Therefore, the device has the capability of simulating the rainfall and the cyclic change of the water level over the time span of many years.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, geotechnical centrifuge test is to place a scaled geotechnical model (the dimensions in all directions are 1 / n of the original soil) in a high-speed rotating geotechnical centrifuge, and use the centrifugal force field that is n times the gravitational acceleration (also known as ng) to reproduce the stress state of the original soil, so that the centrifugal field can be used to simulate the prototype soil in scale. (For related information, see: Jia Puzhao. Steady-state acceleration simulation experimental equipment - Introduction and design of centrifuge [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2013). It is generally believed that the size of the experimental model soil is 1 / n of the prototype soil structure, and the experimental time is 1 / n of the prototype time. 2 ,It can be seen that geotechnical centrifuge test can significantly reduce the ,experimental scale and experimental cycle.

[0003] The research and prevention of geological disasters is an important research direction of geotechnical centrifuge experiments. One of the geological disasters is caused by rainfall and groundwater level changes in the environment. Rainfall and groundwater level changes can significantly affect the moisture content in the soil, change the mechanical properties of the soil structure, and thus induce the instability of the soil structure to form geological disasters. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the relevant factors in the experiment. Changes in rainfall and groundwater levels generally show seasonal cyclic characteristics, so the experimental device needs to be able to run multiple cycles at a time, so that the cumulative rainfall and water level changes in the target area can be simulated under the centrifugal field.

[0004] Simulating rainfall on the experimental device under the centrifugal field will increase the mass of the model, and changing the water level in the model box will change the height of the center of mass of the experimental device, both of which will cause huge unbalanced forces at both ends of the highly rotating centrifuge arm. Therefore, it is necessary to add a balancing device to keep the balancing state within the required range during the experiment.

[0005] At present, there is no centrifuge experimental device that can comprehensively simulate the surface rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall cycles at the same time.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to design a supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device in order to solve the above problems.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device, comprising: Experimental model box; the model is placed in the experimental model box; A rainmaker for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker is installed on the top of the experimental model box; Experimental water tank; the experimental water tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the experimental model box, and the lower end of the experimental water tank is installed at the bottom of the hanging basket at the experimental end; An air supply pipeline; a first end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the air supply pipeline is connected to a high-pressure air source; An exhaust pipeline; a first end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the exhaust pipeline is open; The bottom of the experimental model box is connected with the bottom of the experimental water tank through a connecting pipeline; the gas supply pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the connecting pipeline are all provided with electromagnetic valves.

[0009] Furthermore, the supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device also includes a water supply pipeline and a water discharge valve. The water supply pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve. The water supply pipeline is connected to the top of the experimental water tank. The water discharge valve is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank.

[0010] Furthermore, a water level sensor is installed on the experimental model box, and an active end of the water level sensor is placed inside the experimental model box.

[0011] Furthermore, permeable plates are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box, the permeable plates are provided with permeable holes, a water guide groove is provided at the bottom of the permeable plates, the permeable holes are connected to the water guide groove, the water guide grooves of the four permeable plates are interconnected, and the water guide grooves are connected to the connecting pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, a model observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental model box.

[0013] Furthermore, a water tank observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental water tank.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: A rainmaker is installed above the experimental model box to close its upper opening, which can isolate the external airflow and make the environment inside the experimental model box relatively simple, so that the simulated rainfall can be free from external influences.

[0015] The experimental model box and the sealed water tank are arranged up and down, and the water in the experimental model box can be discharged into the experimental water tank by utilizing centrifugal force, so that the water level in the experimental model box can be reduced to the lowest.

[0016] By controlling several solenoid valves on the water supply pipeline, air supply pipeline, exhaust pipeline and connecting pipeline, the water level in the experimental model box can be adjusted up and down. Through the feedback of the liquid level sensor, the water level in the experimental model box can be controlled at any given position.

[0017] The rainfall and water level rise and fall of the rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device can be controlled by controlling the supply of water and gas in the pipeline. Therefore, under the premise that the water in the experimental device exceeds the capacity limit, an unlimited number of operations can be performed according to the experimental needs, thereby having the ability to simulate the cyclic changes of rainfall and water level over a time span of many years. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention (partial cross-section).

[0019] Legend: 1-centrifuge rotating shaft; 2-counterweight end swing arm; 3-balance water tank; 4-counterweight end hanging basket; 5-experimental end swing arm; 6-basket pin; 7-experimental device; 8-experimental end hanging basket; 9-rain generator; 10-experimental model box; 11-water supply pipeline; 12-air supply pipeline; 13-exhaust pipeline; 14-connecting pipeline; 15-experimental water tank; 16-electromagnetic valve; 17-drain valve; 18-water level sensor; 19-side permeable plate; 20-model observation window; 21-bottom permeable plate; 22-water guide trough; 23-water tank observation window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, or are directions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These directions or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "setting" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device comprises: Experimental model box 10; the model is placed in the experimental model box 10; a water level sensor 18 is installed on the experimental model box 10, and the active end of the water level sensor 18 is placed inside the experimental model box 10. Water-permeable plates (the water-permeable plates include side water-permeable plates 19 and bottom water-permeable plates 21) are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box 10, water-permeable holes are arranged on the water-permeable plates, and water guide grooves 22 are arranged at the bottom of the water-permeable plates, the water-permeable holes are connected to the water guide grooves 22, the water guide grooves 22 of the four water-permeable plates are interconnected, and the water guide grooves 22 are connected to the connecting pipeline 14. A model observation window 20 is arranged on one side wall of the experimental model box 10. A water tank observation window 23 is arranged on one side wall of the experimental water tank 15; A rainmaker 9 for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker 9 is installed on the top of the experimental model box 10; The experimental water tank 15 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the experimental model box 10, and the lower end of the experimental water tank 15 is mounted on the bottom of the experimental end hanging basket 8; The air supply pipeline 12; the first end of the air supply pipeline 12 is connected to the experimental water tank 15, and the second end of the air supply pipeline 12 is connected to the high-pressure air source; Exhaust pipeline 13; a first end of the exhaust pipeline 13 is connected to the experimental water tank 15, and a second end of the exhaust pipeline 13 is open; The bottom of the experimental model box 10 is connected to the bottom of the experimental water tank 15 through the connecting pipe 14; the gas supply pipe 12, the exhaust pipe 13, and the connecting pipe 14 are all provided with an electromagnetic valve 16; A water supply pipeline 11 and a water discharge valve 17; a solenoid valve is provided on the water supply pipeline 11, the water supply pipeline 11 is connected to the top of the experimental water tank 15, and the water discharge valve 17 is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank 15.

[0028] The present application is designed to meet the specific needs of geotechnical centrifuge simulation experiments, and a centrifuge airborne experimental device 7 is designed to simulate the cumulative annual changes in rainfall and groundwater levels in the natural environment where the geotechnical environment is located, and can monitor and adjust the water level and equilibrium state.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it is the overall layout of the supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device, in which the centrifuge part is irrelevant to the present application and is only briefly described. The centrifuge arm revolves around the rotation axis, with the experimental end and the counterweight end respectively. The experimental end hanging basket 8 and the counterweight end hanging basket 4 are respectively connected to the rotating arm (counterweight end rotating arm 2, experimental end rotating arm 5) through the hanging basket pin 6, and have the freedom to rotate around the hanging basket pin 6.

[0030] The centrifugal force generated when the centrifuge arm drives the hanging basket to rotate around the centrifuge rotating shaft 1 will cause the hanging baskets at both ends to gradually swing from the vertical position shown in the figure to the horizontal position around the hanging basket pin 6. The supergravity rainfall and water level lifting experimental device is installed in the hanging basket at the experimental end. In order to keep the balance of the two ends of the arm during the experiment, a balancing water tank 3 is set at the counterweight end, and the water volume in the water tank can be adjusted to balance. When the centrifuge detects that the unbalanced weight at the experimental end is close to the upper limit of the allowable limit, water can be injected into the balancing water tank 3 through the water supply pipeline 11, and vice versa, water is injected into the experimental water tank 15. All cables and pipelines are omitted in the figure. If the unbalanced force generated during the experiment is within the capacity of the centrifuge, the balancing water tank 3 can be omitted. By respectively setting the experimental device 7 and the balancing water tank 3 at both ends of the centrifuge, and connecting the water supply pipeline 11 to both ends, the centrifuge can be easily balanced by water supply during the experiment, so that the equipment operation is safer.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the main layout of the experimental device 7 is shown. It is mainly composed of an experimental model box 10 and an experimental water tank 15, wherein the experimental model box 10 is installed on the upper surface of the experimental water tank 15. The experimental model is contained in the experimental model box 10, and a rainmaker 9 is installed on its upper surface to realize the function of simulating rainfall. The rainmaker 9 is completely fitted with the upper surface of the experimental model box 10 to form a relatively closed box environment to avoid the influence of the airflow in the high-speed rotation of the centrifuge on the raindrops. The rainmaker 9 is connected to the rainfall pipeline, and can realize rainfall simulation through the pipeline water supply. Since the specific structure of the rainmaker 9 is irrelevant to this application, it is simplified in the figure; the experimental water tank 15 is a sealed water tank, on which pipelines with water replenishment, air supply and exhaust functions are installed. A connecting pipeline 14 is installed between the experimental model box 10 and the experimental water tank 15, which can realize the exchange between the two, that is, to discharge the excess water in the experimental model box 10 to the experimental water tank 15 or vice versa.

[0032] When it is necessary to drain the excess water in the experimental model box 10, the electromagnetic valves 16 on the water supply pipeline 11 and the air supply pipeline 12 are closed, and the electromagnetic valves on the connecting pipeline 14 and the exhaust pipeline 13 are opened. At this time, the experimental water tank 15 is connected to the atmosphere and the experimental model box 10. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water in the experimental model box 10 will enter the experimental water tank 15 through the connecting pipeline 14. At this time, the water level in the experimental model box 10 drops.

[0033] When the water level in the experimental model box 10 needs to be raised, the electromagnetic valves 16 on the water supply pipeline 11 and the exhaust pipeline 13 are closed, and the electromagnetic valves 16 on the connecting pipeline 14 and the air supply pipeline 12 are opened, and high-pressure gas is filled into the experimental water tank 15 from the air supply pipeline 12. When the air pressure is higher than the water pressure generated by the centrifugal force, water enters the experimental model box 10 from the experimental water tank 15 through the connecting pipeline 14, thereby raising the water level in the experimental model box 10.

[0034] When it is necessary to add water to the experimental water tank 15 during the experiment, first close all the solenoid valves 16, then open the solenoid valves of the exhaust pipe 13 and the water supply pipe 11 in turn, and add water to the experimental water tank 15. When the water supply requirements are met, close all the solenoid valves 16.

[0035] The drain valve 17 is not operated during the experiment and is used for drainage or internal cleaning after the experiment.

[0036] Figure 3The internal structure of the experimental device 7, wherein the experimental water tank 15 is equipped with an observation window, which can be used to observe the situation inside the tank and open the water inlet channel inside the flushing tank when necessary. A liquid level sensor is installed at one corner of the experimental model box 10, which can provide real-time feedback of the water level in the box. The liquid level sensor can use a variety of different principles and structural forms. Permeable plates are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box 10. A water guide groove 22 is provided on the permeable plate. The water guide groove 22 is connected to the connecting pipeline 14, which can realize the discharge and replenishment of water in the geotechnical model. A model observation window 20 is installed on the front of the experimental model box 10, which can be used to observe and record the internal experimental situation from the outside.

[0037] A rainmaker 9 is installed above the experimental model box 10 to close its upper opening, thereby isolating the external airflow and making the environment inside the experimental model box 10 relatively simple, so that the simulated rainfall can be free from external influences.

[0038] The experimental model box 10 and the sealed water tank are arranged up and down, and the water in the experimental model box 10 can be discharged into the experimental water tank 15 by utilizing centrifugal force, so that the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be reduced to the minimum.

[0039] By controlling several solenoid valves on the water supply pipeline 11, the air supply pipeline 12, the exhaust pipeline 13, and the connecting pipeline 14, the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be adjusted up and down. Through the feedback of the liquid level sensor, the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be controlled at any given position.

[0040] The rainfall and water level rise and fall of the rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device 7 can be controlled by controlling the supply of water and gas in the pipeline. Therefore, under the premise that the water in the experimental device 7 exceeds the capacity limit, an unlimited number of operations can be performed according to the experimental needs, thereby having the ability to simulate the cyclic changes of rainfall and water level over a time span of many years.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device, characterized in that: include: Experimental model box; the model is placed in the experimental model box; A rainmaker for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker is installed on the top of the experimental model box; Experimental water tank; the experimental water tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the experimental model box, and the lower end of the experimental water tank is installed at the bottom of the hanging basket at the experimental end; An air supply pipeline; a first end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the air supply pipeline is connected to a high-pressure air source; An exhaust pipeline; a first end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the exhaust pipeline is open; The bottom of the experimental model box is connected with the bottom of the experimental water tank through a connecting pipeline; the gas supply pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the connecting pipeline are all provided with electromagnetic valves.

2. The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device also includes a water supply pipeline and a water discharge valve. The water supply pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve. The water supply pipeline is connected with the top of the experimental water tank. The water discharge valve is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank.

3. The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level sensor is installed on the experimental model box, and an active end of the water level sensor is placed inside the experimental model box.

4. The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Permeable plates are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box. Permeable holes are arranged on the permeable plates. A water guide groove is arranged at the bottom of the permeable plates. The permeable holes are connected to the water guide groove. The water guide grooves of the four permeable plates are interconnected, and the water guide groove is connected to the connecting pipeline.

5. The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A model observation window is arranged on one side wall of the experimental model box.

6. The supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water tank observation window is arranged on one side wall of the experimental water tank.

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