High power factor permanent magnet vernier motor with shaft-diameter combined rotor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of permanent-magnetic vernier motors, in particular to a high-power-factor permanent-magnetic vernier motor with a shaft-diameter combined rotor, which comprises an axial stator, a shaft-diameter combined rotor and a radial outer rotor, the axial stator is coaxially arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor, the radial outer rotor is concentrically arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor, and the radial outer rotor is located outside the shaft-diameter combined rotor. The axial stator comprises an armature core, permanent magnets A and stator windings, the armature core comprises an armature yoke and a plurality of armature teeth protruding from the armature yoke, and the plurality of armature teeth are uniformly arranged on the armature yoke along the circumference. The shaft-diameter combined rotor structure is adopted, so that the axial magnetic field and the radial magnetic field are connected, the armature winding is arranged on the axial disc-type stator yoke, the problem of winding heat dissipation difficulty is solved, the magnetic permeability change caused by the rotor salient pole is used to modulate the stator magnetic field, the low-speed and large-torque output of the motor can be realized, and the power factor of the permanent-magnetic vernier motor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permanent magnet vernier motor technology, and in particular to a high power factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft diameter rotor. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet motors, with their advantages of high power density and high torque density, have experienced rapid development in recent decades and have become a research hotspot for scholars both domestically and internationally. Currently, the most studied types of permanent magnet motors mainly include: permanent magnet synchronous motors, flux-switched permanent magnet motors, doubly salient pole permanent magnet motors, and flux-reversed permanent magnet motors, etc. The working principle of these types of motors is basically based on the exchange of electromechanical energy using the air gap fundamental magnetic field. In recent years, a novel permanent magnet vernier motor based on the magnetic gear effect and possessing high torque density has attracted widespread attention. This type of motor can achieve simultaneous action of the air gap fundamental magnetic field and the air gap harmonic magnetic field on electromechanical energy conversion. Therefore, this type of motor combines the advantages of permanent magnet motors with higher torque density and a simpler structure, making it particularly suitable for low-speed, high-torque applications such as ship propulsion and wind power generation. However, existing permanent magnet vernier motors still have many shortcomings in practical applications, specifically:

[0003] (1) Most of the permanent magnet vernier motors currently available use the rotating magnetic field generated by the armature winding to replace the magnetic field of the low pole pair permanent magnet array. The stator is placed inside the rotor, making the space in the stator slot small. When the motor runs for a long time, the temperature rise of the armature winding is high and the heat dissipation conditions are relatively poor.

[0004] (2) The existing permanent magnet vernier motor has a low power factor, which requires an increase in the capacity of the drive converter for a given output power. This leads to a significant increase in the size and weight of the motor, and consequently, the cost of the motor also increases, thus limiting the application of permanent magnet vernier motors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a high-power-factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft diameter rotor. This invention solves the problem of heat dissipation difficulties in the stator armature winding of traditional permanent magnet vernier motors and further improves the torque density and power factor of this type of motor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-power-factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft and diameter rotor includes an axial stator, a combined shaft and diameter rotor, and a radial outer rotor. The axial stator is coaxially arranged with the combined shaft and diameter rotor, and the radial outer rotor is concentrically arranged with the combined shaft and diameter rotor, with the radial outer rotor located outside the combined shaft and diameter rotor.

[0008] Preferably, the axial stator includes an armature core, a permanent magnet A, and a stator winding. The armature core includes an armature yoke and a plurality of armature teeth protruding from the armature yoke, the plurality of armature teeth being evenly arranged circumferentially on the armature yoke. The stator winding adopts a drum-shaped winding structure. The stator winding is wound on the armature teeth. Each armature tooth is embedded with a permanent magnet A, one end face of which is flush with the surface of the armature tooth, and the other end face of which is flush with the back of the armature yoke. The permanent magnet A divides the armature tooth into two parts, the arc of which satisfies α. b1 =α b2 .

[0009] Preferably, the shaft diameter combined rotor is composed of a number of magnetically conductive blocks arranged circumferentially; each magnetically conductive block is L-shaped, and each magnetically conductive block is composed of a vertical L-shaped magnetically conductive block and a horizontal I-shaped magnetically conductive block; the L-shaped magnetically conductive block has a toothed structure at one end near the radially outer rotor; adjacent L-shaped magnetically conductive blocks are connected by non-magnetically conductive blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the radial outer rotor includes a rotor yoke and a plurality of permanent magnets B, the permanent magnets B being attached to the inner surface of the radial outer rotor and arranged at equal intervals; the permanent magnets B are arc-shaped; the width of the permanent magnets B is l. a The width l of the radial outer rotor b The width l of the vertical L-shaped magnetic block m They are all equal.

[0011] Preferably, the shaft diameter rotor combination satisfies the rotor tooth arc coefficient α. m >α n The shaft diameter rotor combination satisfies the requirement that the rotor tooth magnetic block length h m h n The shaft diameter rotor combination satisfies the rotor slot depth h. c <h o The shaft diameter rotor combination satisfies the rotor slot arc coefficient α. c <1 / 2α m .

[0012] Preferably, both permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B are made of neodymium iron boron material. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet A is tangential, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets A along the circumference are opposite. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet B is radial, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets B along the circumference are opposite.

[0013] Preferably, the number of stator winding pole pairs k of the axial stator, the number of pole pairs p of the shaft diameter combined rotor of the shaft diameter combined rotor, and the number of permanent magnet pole pairs of the outer rotor of the radial outer rotor should satisfy l: l=k±p.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. This invention satisfies the principle of magnetic field modulation. It uses the change in air gap magnetic permeability caused by the rotor salient pole to modulate the stator magnetic field, thereby realizing the conversion of electromechanical energy. Compared with the traditional magnetic field modulation motor which only has two layers of air gap, it saves motor space and simplifies motor design and manufacturing process.

[0016] 2. The present invention connects the axial magnetic field and the radial magnetic field through the shaft diameter combined rotor structure, and places the armature winding on the axial disc stator yoke, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the armature winding.

[0017] 3. The rotor of this invention has neither permanent magnets nor windings, which makes the structure simple and conducive to the high-speed operation of the motor. At the same time, the heat dissipation conditions are better, avoiding the situation of permanent magnets falling off and irreversible demagnetization that may occur when the permanent magnets of traditional rotor permanent magnet motors are running at high speeds.

[0018] 4. The present invention adopts a centralized winding, which has the advantages of shorter end and smaller leakage reactance, thereby reducing the copper loss of the motor, reducing the cost of the motor and improving the efficiency of the motor.

[0019] 5. This invention connects the axial magnetic field and the radial magnetic field by using a rotor with a combined shaft diameter, and places the armature winding on a disc stator yoke, which solves the problem of difficult heat dissipation of the winding. At the same time, compared with the traditional magnetic field modulation motor, it reduces one air gap, saves motor space, and simplifies the manufacturing process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the axial stator in this invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the shaft-diameter combined rotor in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of a single L-shaped magnetic block structure in a combined rotor with a central shaft diameter;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of a single L-shaped magnetic block;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the radial outer rotor in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetization direction of the radial outer rotor permanent magnet in this invention. In the diagram, the direction of the arrow is the magnetization direction.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path of the rotor permanent magnet vernier motor with shaft diameter combination according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, thereby making a clearer definition of the scope of protection of the present invention. The embodiments described in this invention are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] A high-power-factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft diameter rotor, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an axial stator 1, a shaft-diameter combined rotor 2, and a radial outer rotor 3. The axial stator 1 is coaxially arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor 2, and the radial outer rotor 3 is concentrically arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor 2, and the radial outer rotor 3 is located outside the shaft-diameter combined rotor 2.

[0030] Specifically, the axial stator 1 includes an armature yoke 1-1, a permanent magnet A1-2, armature teeth 1-3, and stator windings 1-4, such as... Figure 2 As shown, there are several armature teeth 1-3, which protrude from the armature yoke 1-1 and are evenly arranged along the circumference; there are several permanent magnets A1-2, which are embedded in the middle of the armature teeth 1-3, dividing the armature teeth 1-3 into left and right parts, and are mirror-symmetrical about the permanent magnets A1-2, and the arc of the armature teeth satisfies α. b1 =α b2 One end face of the permanent magnet A1-2 is flush with the surface of the armature tooth 1-3, and the other end face of the permanent magnet A1-2 is flush with the back of the armature yoke 1-1; the stator winding 1-4 is a concentrated winding with a drum-shaped winding structure, wound on the armature tooth 1-3.

[0031] Specifically, the shaft diameter combined rotor 2 is composed of a plurality of L-shaped magnetic blocks spaced circumferentially, such as... Figure 3 As shown. The L-shaped magnetic block consists of two parts: an L-shaped magnetic block 2-1 and a horizontal I-shaped magnetic block 2-2. Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of a single L-shaped shaft diameter combined rotor magnetic block. The L-shaped magnetic block 2-1 has a toothed structure at one end near the radial outer rotor 3, which divides the shaft diameter combined rotor teeth into two parts. Adjacent L-shaped magnetic blocks are connected by non-magnetic materials.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 5 This is a side view of a single L-shaped shaft diameter combined rotor magnetic block. Based on the dimensional correspondence, it needs to satisfy the rotor tooth arc coefficient α. m >α n The length h of the rotor tooth magnetic block m hn Rotor slot depth h c <h o Rotor slot arc coefficient α c <1 / 2α m .

[0033] Specifically, Figure 6 This diagram shows the radial outer rotor in a high-power-factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft and diameter rotor. The radial outer rotor 3 includes a rotor yoke 3-1 and surface-mounted permanent magnets B3-2. Several permanent magnets B3-2 are attached to the inner surface of the radial outer rotor 3 and arranged at equal intervals. The permanent magnets B3-2 are arc-shaped, and their width is l. a The width l of the radial outer rotor 3 b 2-1 Vertical L-shaped magnetic block, width l m They are all equal.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 7 This is a side view of the axial stator 1 of a high power factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft diameter rotor, whose armature tooth radii satisfy α. b1 =α b2 Both permanent magnets A1-2 and B3-2 are made of neodymium iron boron material. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet A1-2 is tangential, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets A1-2 are opposite. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet B3-2 is radial, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets B3-2 are opposite.

[0035] Specifically, the permanent magnet flux loop generated by the permanent magnet A1-2 and the permanent magnet B3-2 is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, taking the reverse magnetization of permanent magnet A1-2 as an example, its path is as follows: Starting from permanent magnet A1-2, passing through armature yoke 1-1 and armature teeth 1-3, flowing through the air gap and through the shaft-diameter combined rotor 2, the axial and radial magnetic flux are coupled through the L-shaped magnetic guide block, superimposed with the magnetic flux generated by permanent magnet B3-2, and sequentially passing through rotor yoke 3-1, permanent magnet B3-2, shaft-diameter combined rotor 2, air gap, armature teeth 1-3, armature yoke 1-1 back to permanent magnet A1-2. When permanent magnet 1-2 is magnetized in the forward direction, the above magnetic flux path is reversed.

[0036] Specifically, the number of stator winding pole pairs k of the axial stator 1, the number of pole pairs p of the shaft diameter combined rotor 2, and the number of permanent magnet pole pairs of the outer rotor of the radial outer rotor 3 should satisfy l: l=k±p.

[0037] In summary, this invention employs the principle of magnetic field modulation, utilizing the interaction of harmonic magnetic fields generated by the stator tooth salient poles on the magnetic field to achieve low-speed, high-torque output of the motor. It features a simple structure, high torque density, and flexible drive. In this motor, the shaft-diameter combined rotor acts as a high-speed rotating rotor while simultaneously modulating the stator magnetic field, while the radial outer rotor acts as a low-speed rotating rotor. This allows it to interact with the high-speed rotating stator air gap magnetic field on the L-shaped rotor, thereby achieving low-speed, high-torque output. Simultaneously, the shaft-diameter permanent magnet flux coupling helps improve the effective permanent magnet air gap flux level of the motor and effectively enhances its power factor.

[0038] The descriptions and practices disclosed in this invention are readily apparent and understandable to those skilled in the art, and various modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of this invention. Therefore, any modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A shaft diameter combination rotor high power factor permanent magnet Vernier motor, characterized in that, It includes an axial stator (1), a shaft-diameter combined rotor (2), and a radial outer rotor (3). The axial stator (1) is coaxially arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor (2), and the radial outer rotor (3) is concentrically arranged with the shaft-diameter combined rotor (2), and the radial outer rotor (3) is located outside the shaft-diameter combined rotor (2). The shaft diameter combined rotor (2) is composed of several magnetically conductive blocks arranged circumferentially; each magnetically conductive block is L-shaped, and each magnetically conductive block is composed of a vertical L-shaped magnetically conductive block (2-1) and a horizontal I-shaped magnetically conductive block (2-2); the L-shaped magnetically conductive block (2-1) has a toothed structure at one end near the radial outer rotor (3); adjacent L-shaped magnetically conductive blocks are connected by non-magnetically conductive blocks.

2. The high power factor permanent magnet vernier motor with a combined shaft diameter rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial stator (1) includes an armature core, a permanent magnet A (1-2), and a stator winding (1-4). The armature core includes an armature yoke (1-1) and several armature teeth (1-3) protruding from the armature yoke. The several armature teeth (1-3) are evenly arranged circumferentially on the armature yoke (1-1). The stator winding (1-4) adopts a drum-shaped winding structure. The stator winding (1-4) is wound on the armature teeth (1-3). Each armature tooth (1-3) is embedded with a permanent magnet A (1-2). One end face of the permanent magnet A (1-2) is flush with the surface of the armature tooth (1-3), and the other end face of the permanent magnet A (1-2) is flush with the back of the armature yoke (1-1). The permanent magnet A (1-2) divides the armature tooth (1-3) into two parts, and the arc of the armature tooth satisfies α. b1 =α b2 .

3. A high power factor permanent magnet Vernier machine with shaft diameter combination rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial outer rotor (3) includes a rotor yoke (3-1) and a plurality of permanent magnets B (3-2). The permanent magnets B (3-2) are attached to the inner surface of the radial outer rotor (3) and arranged at equal intervals. The permanent magnets B (3-2) are arc-shaped. The width l of the permanent magnets B (3-2) is... a The width l of the radial outer rotor (3) b The width l of the upright L-shaped magnetic block (2-1) m They are all equal.

4. A high power factor permanent magnet Vernier machine with shaft diameter combination rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shaft diameter combined rotor (2) satisfies the rotor tooth arc coefficient α. m >α n The shaft diameter combined rotor (2) satisfies the requirement that the rotor tooth magnetic block length h m h n The shaft diameter combined rotor (2) satisfies the rotor slot depth h. c <h o The shaft diameter combined rotor (2) satisfies the rotor slot arc coefficient α. c <1 / 2α m .

5. A high power factor permanent magnet Vernier machine with shaft diameter combination rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both permanent magnets A (1-2) and B (3-2) are made of neodymium iron boron material. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet A (1-2) is tangential, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets A (1-2) on the circumference are opposite. The magnetization direction of permanent magnet B (3-2) is radial, and the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets B (3-2) on the circumference are opposite.

6. A high power factor permanent magnet Vernier machine with shaft diameter combination rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of stator winding pole pairs k of the axial stator (1), the number of pole pairs p of the shaft diameter combined rotor (2), and the number of permanent magnet pole pairs of the outer rotor of the radial outer rotor (3) should satisfy l: l=k±p.

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