Method for manufacturing bonded body

Abstract

The present invention is a method for manufacturing a joined body by friction stir welding of a member to be welded using a rotating tool (F) having a stir pin (F2) having a spiral groove formed therein, the method including, in this order, an insertion step in which the stir pin (F2) is inserted into the spiral groove, and a welding step in which the stir pin (F2) is inserted into the spiral groove. In a joining step in which a stirring pin (F2) is inserted into a member to be joined while a rotating tool (F) is rotated in the same direction as the direction in which a spiral groove is formed, a changing step in which the rotating direction of the rotating tool (F) is changed so as to rotate in the opposite direction to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed, and a joining step in which the stirring pin (F2) is inserted into the member to be joined while the rotating tool (F) is rotated in the same direction as the direction in which the spiral groove is formed. The engagement of the member to be engaged is performed in a state in which the rotary tool (F) is rotated in a direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a joined body. Background Art

[0002] There is known a method for producing a joined body by friction stir welding of joined members using a rotating tool having a stirring pin formed with a spiral groove. Usually, when the spiral groove is formed so as to rotate counterclockwise (twist counterclockwise) from the base end toward the front end, the rotating tool is rotated clockwise and a stirring pin is inserted into the joined member to perform friction stir welding. On the other hand, when the spiral groove is formed so as to rotate counterclockwise (twist counterclockwise) from the base end toward the front end, the rotating tool is rotated clockwise and a stirring pin is inserted into the joined member to perform friction stir welding. That is, the rotating tool is rotated in a direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed (hereinafter, this form is referred to as "positive rotation"), and a stirring pin is inserted into the joined member to perform friction stir welding (Patent Document 1).

[0003] By performing friction stir welding in a positive rotation, the material of the joined member that has been plastically fluidized can be guided to the front end side of the stirring pin. Thus, by increasing the plastic flow around the front end, the deeper part of the joint can be stably joined, and a healthy joint can be formed. In addition, the amount of metal that overflows to the outside of the joined member can be reduced.

[0004] Conventionally, friction stir welding is performed by rotating a rotating tool in the same direction as the direction in which the spiral groove is formed (hereinafter, this state is referred to as "reverse rotation") and inserting a stirring pin into the member to be joined (Patent Document 2). Prior art literature Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-249551 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2002-035962 Summary of the invention Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0006] In the case of friction stir welding with positive rotation (the direction in which the spiral groove is formed is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating tool) as described in Patent Document 1, plastic flow of the welded member is generated by the contact between the stirring pin and the welded member, and the material of the welded member that has been plastically fluidized corresponding to the volume of the stirring pin overflows to the outside of the welded member as the stirring pin is inserted. Since the material of the welded member that has been plastically fluidized that has overflowed as described above solidifies, there is a problem of generating a large number of burrs on the front surface of the welded member after welding.

[0007] In addition, when friction stir welding is performed in a positive rotation, friction stirring is performed in a manner that the material of the joined components that has been plastically fluidized is pressed toward the front end side of the stirring pin, and therefore, there is a concern that the load on the joining device that rotates the rotating tool will increase. In addition, when the hardness of the joined components is relatively high, the rotating tool may sometimes be damaged. In addition, when the stirring pin is inserted in a positive rotation in a state where the joined components at two points are overlapped and friction stir welding is performed, due to the convection of the material of the joined components that has been plastically fluidized, the oxide film of the joined components existing on the overlapping surface (overlapping portion) is rolled up, so that defects may sometimes occur in the joining portion.

[0008] On the other hand, when friction stir welding is performed in a counter-rotating manner (the direction in which the spiral groove is formed is the same as the direction in which the rotating tool rotates) as described in Patent Document 2, it is possible to suppress the excessive upward convection and interface involvement generated in the plastic fluidization area. However, in the above case, there is insufficient material at the front end side of the stirring pin, and defects sometimes occur inside.

[0009] From the above viewpoints, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a joined body, which can suppress the generation of burrs and defects in a joined portion and reduce the load applied to a rotating tool and a joining device. Technical solutions adopted to solve technical problems

[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a joint body by friction stir joining of the joined components using a rotating tool having a stirring pin formed with a spiral groove, and is characterized in that it includes an insertion process, a change process and a joining process in sequence, wherein, in the insertion process, the stirring pin is inserted into the joined component while the rotating tool is rotated in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove, in the change process, the rotation direction of the rotating tool is changed to rotate in the direction opposite to the formation direction of the spiral groove, and in the joining process, the joined components are joined while the rotating tool is rotated in the direction opposite to the formation direction of the spiral groove.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the number of rotations of the rotation tool in the inserting step is equal to or greater than the number of rotations of the rotation tool in the joining step.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the relationship between the number of rotations N1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the number of rotations N2 of the rotation tool in the joining step is N2≤N1≤N2×5.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, after the inserting step, there is also a pulling-up step of pulling the rotating tool toward the front direction of the joined member, and the changing step is performed after the pulling-up step.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the pull-up amount H2 in the pull-up step is H1×0.01≤H2≤H1×0.5.

[0015] Furthermore, preferably, after the changing step, a pressing step of pressing the rotating tool F in the depth direction of the joined member is further included, and the joining step is performed after the pressing step.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the insertion amount H3 in the press-fitting step is H1×0.01≤H3≤H1×0.5.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the insertion depth H4 at the start of joining in the joining step is H1×1.01≤H4≤H1×1.5.

[0018] In addition, preferably, the rotating tool also has a lower end face provided with a plane or a mortar-shaped lower end face, and a shoulder portion in the shape of a column or a push-table, and the stirring pin hangs down from the lower end face of the shoulder portion, and friction stir welding is performed relative to the joined member when the shoulder portion is in contact with the joined member and the stirring pin is inserted into the joined member.

[0019] Furthermore, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the length L1 of the stirring pin is L1×0.5≤H1≤L1.

[0020] In addition, preferably, the rotating tool has a columnar or push-table-shaped base, and the stirring pin hangs down from the lower end surface of the base, so that the base is separated from the joined member and friction stir joining is performed relative to the joined member in a state where only the stirring pin is inserted into the joined member.

[0021] In addition, preferably, the rotating tool has a base in the shape of a column or a push-table, and the stirring pin includes a base end side pin continuous with the base and a front end side pin continuous with the base end side pin, the taper angle of the base end side pin is larger than the taper angle of the front end side pin, and a stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and friction stir welding is performed relative to the joined member in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is in contact with the front surface of the joined member.

[0022] Furthermore, preferably, before the inserting step, a preliminary hole forming step of forming a preliminary hole in the joined member is further included, and in the inserting step, the stirring pin is inserted into the preliminary hole.

[0023] In addition, preferably, the joined members are composed of a first joined member and a second joined member having a lower hardness than the first joined member, and the end faces of at least either one of the first joined member and the second joined member are butted against each other to form a butting portion, or the front side of the first joined member overlaps with the back side of the second joined member to form an overlapping portion, and in the insertion step, a stirring pin is inserted from the front side of the first joined member, and in the joining step, friction stir joining of the butting portion or the overlapping portion is performed.

[0024] In addition, preferably, the joined member is composed of a first joined member and a second joined member, and the end faces of at least either one of the first joined member and the second joined member are butted together to form a butt joint, or the front side of the first joined member overlaps with the back side of the second joined member to form an overlapping portion, and in the insertion step, the stirring pin is inserted toward the butt joint or the overlapping portion. Effects of the Invention

[0025] According to the method for manufacturing a joined body of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs and defects in the joined portion, and to reduce the load applied to the rotating tool and the joining device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an exploded perspective view showing a joined body according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view showing a butting step in the method for producing a joined body according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 It is a plan view showing a butting step in the method for producing a joined body according to the first embodiment. Figure 4 This is a side view showing a rotating tool used in the method for manufacturing a bonded body according to the first embodiment. Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion step of the method for manufacturing a bonded body according to the first embodiment. Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view showing the pulling-up step of the method for producing a bonded body according to the first embodiment. Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view showing a modified step of the method for producing the bonded body according to the first embodiment. Figure 8It is a cross-sectional view showing a press-fitting step in the method for manufacturing a bonded body according to the first embodiment. Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view showing a joining step in the method for producing a joined body according to the first embodiment. Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view showing a preliminary hole forming step according to a first modification of the first embodiment. Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion step of the second modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view showing a joining process according to a second modification example of the first embodiment. Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion step of a third modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.14 It is an enlarged view showing a rotation tool according to a third modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.15 It is a cross-sectional view showing a joining step according to a third modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.16 It is a plan view showing a docking process according to a fourth modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.17 It is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion step of a fourth modified example of the first embodiment. Fig.18 It is an exploded perspective view showing a joined body according to the second embodiment. Fig.19 It is a cross-sectional view showing the overlapping step of the second embodiment. Fig. 20 It is a plan view showing the superimposing step of the second embodiment. Fig.21 It is a cross-sectional view showing the insertion step of the second embodiment. Fig. 22 It is a cross-sectional view showing an insertion step of the first modified example of the second embodiment. Fig.23 This is a table showing the conditions of the shape of the rotation tool in Test 1 and Test 2, the rotation direction, and the number of tool rotations. Fig.24 This is a table showing the moving speed, insertion depth, pull-up amount / insertion amount, evaluation, and alloy type in Test 1 and Test 2. Fig.25 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 11. Fig.26 yes Fig.25 Cross-sectional view along line XXVI-XXVI. Fig. 27It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 11. Fig.28 yes Fig. 27 Cross-sectional view along line XXVIII-XXVIII. Fig.29 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 12. Fig.30 yes Fig.29 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.31 yes Fig.29 XXX I-XXX I line cross-sectional view. Fig.32 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 13. Fig.33 yes Fig.32 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.34 yes Fig.32 Cross-sectional view along line XXX I V-XXX IV. Fig.35 This is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 21. Fig.36 yes Fig.35 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.37 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 22. Fig.38 yes Fig.37 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.39 yes Fig.37 XXX I X-XXX IX line sectional view. Fig.40 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 21. Fig.41 yes Fig.40 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.42 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 22. Fig.43 yes Fig.42 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.44 yes Fig.42 Cross-sectional view along line XXXX I V-XXXX IV. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, the components in the embodiments and the modified examples can be combined in part or in whole as appropriate.

[0028] [1. First embodiment] [1-1. Members to be joined and joined body] The liquid cooling jacket (joint body) 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 The figure shows a jacket body (first joined member) 2 and a closure member (second joined member) 3. The liquid cooling jacket 1 is a device for cooling a heat generating body arranged therein by circulating a fluid therein. The jacket body 2 and the closure member 3 are integrated by friction stir welding. The "front side" in the following description refers to the side opposite to the "back side".

[0029] The sleeve body (first joined member) 2 is mainly composed of a bottom portion 10 and a peripheral wall portion 11. The sleeve body 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can be frictionally stirred, but in this embodiment, it is formed mainly to include a first aluminum alloy. For example, an aluminum alloy casting material such as JI SH5302ADC12 (Al-Si-Cu series) is used for the first aluminum alloy.

[0030] The bottom 10 is a rectangular plate-shaped member. The peripheral wall portion 11 is a wall portion that rises from the peripheral edge of the bottom 10 in a rectangular frame shape. The bottom 10 and the peripheral wall portion 11 form a recessed portion 13 that is open upward. A peripheral wall step portion 12 is formed on the inner peripheral edge of the peripheral wall portion 11. The peripheral wall step portion 12 is composed of a step bottom surface 12a and a step side surface (side surface) 12b that rises vertically from the step bottom surface 12a.

[0031] In addition, the cover body 2 of the present embodiment is formed integrally, but for example, the peripheral wall portion 11 may be formed as a divided structure and joined together by a sealing member.

[0032] The closing member (second joined member) 3 is a plate-shaped member that closes the opening of the sleeve body 2. The closing member 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can be frictionally stirred, but in this embodiment, it is formed to mainly contain a second aluminum alloy. The second aluminum alloy is a material with a lower hardness than the first aluminum alloy. The second aluminum alloy is formed of an aluminum alloy ductile material such as JI SA1050, A1070, A1100, A6063, etc.

[0033] [1-2. Manufacturing method] Next, the manufacturing method of the liquid cooling jacket of the present embodiment (the manufacturing method of the joint body, the joining method of the joined body member) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the present method") is described. In the manufacturing method of the liquid cooling jacket of the present embodiment, a preparation step, a docking step, an insertion step, a pull-up step, a change step, a press-in step and a joining step are performed.

[0034] In this method, if Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the sealing member 3 is placed on the sleeve body 2 and the side surfaces are butted against each other, and friction stir welding of the sleeve body 2 and the sealing member 3 is performed. Figure 3 As shown, in this method, the start position SP1 and the end position EP1 are set in the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11, and the intermediate position S1 and the intermediate position E1 are set in the front surface 3a of the closure member 3. Figure 3 As shown, the rotary tool F of this embodiment (refer to Figure 4 ) passes through the moving path R1 passing through the starting position SP1, the middle position S1, the middle position E1 and the ending position EP1. The moving path R1 is a path sandwiched between the starting position SP1 as the starting point and the ending position EP1 as the end point, and includes an insertion interval, a main interval and a separation interval. In the present method, the insertion process, the pull-up process, the change process and the press-in process are performed at the starting position SP1. In addition, in the present method, the joining process is performed at the insertion interval, the main interval and the separation interval.

[0035] The insertion section is a section from the start position SP1 set on the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11 to the middle position S1 set on the front surface 3a of the closure member 3. In the insertion section, the rotary tool F inserted at the start position SP1 is gradually pushed in while being moved toward the middle position S1.

[0036] The main section is a section from the intermediate position S1 to the intermediate position E1 set on the front surface 3a of the closure member 3 after rotating one circle along the first docking portion J1 and passing through the intermediate position S1. Although the details are described later, in the main section, the moving path R1 is set slightly inside (on the side of the closure member 3) than the first docking portion J1. In the main section, the rotating tool F is moved at a substantially constant depth.

[0037] The separation section is a section from the intermediate position E1 to the end position EP1 set on the end surface 11a of the closure 11. In the separation section, the rotary tool F described later is gradually pulled up while being moved, and is separated from the closure 3 at the end position EP1.

[0038] The displacement amount P1 from the first docking portion J1 to the moving path R1 can be appropriately set, preferably 0.1 (mm) < P1, more preferably 0.2 (mm) < P1, and preferably P1 < 0.5 (mm), more preferably P1 < 0.4 (mm). The displacement amount P1 is the distance from the first docking portion J1 to the moving path R1. In other words, the displacement amount P1 refers to the degree to which the moving path R1 deviates on the same plane with the first docking portion J1 as the reference.

[0039] <Rotation tool> The rotating tool F used in manufacturing the joint body is described below. Figure 4 As shown, the rotating tool F includes a shoulder portion F1 and a stirring pin F2. The rotating tool F is formed of, for example, tool steel. The shoulder portion F1 is a portion connected to the output shaft of the joining device (not shown), and is columnar or push-table shaped. The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the lower end face F1a of the shoulder portion F1. The stirring pin F2 is in the shape of a truncated cone with the lower end face F1a of the shoulder portion F1 as the base end and a decreasing diameter toward the front end side. The lower end face F1a can be either flat or in the shape of a mortar that is recessed upward (in the direction away from the stirring pin F2). The front end of the stirring pin F2 is flat. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2 throughout the entire height direction. The spiral groove can also be either right-handed or left-handed, but in the present embodiment, it is left-handed (counterclockwise when viewed from above). The length L1 of the stirring pin F2 can be designed according to the joining depth of the joined components. In this embodiment, the stirring pin is inserted to a depth of 15 mm, which is the height dimension of the step side surface 12 b, for the purpose of joining the first docking portion J1 described later as a whole and joining until it reaches the second docking portion J2. Therefore, the case where the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 is 15 mm is exemplified and explained.

[0040] When the rotating tool F is rotated to the right while the spiral groove is rotated to the left, or when the rotating tool F is rotated to the left while the spiral groove is rotated to the right, the plastic flow material softened by friction stirring is guided by the spiral groove and flows toward the front end side of the stirring pin F2. In this way, the plastic flow material can be prevented from overflowing to the outside during friction stir welding, and the generation of burrs can be suppressed. In addition, as mentioned above, when the rotating tool F is rotated to the right while the spiral groove is rotated to the left, or when the rotating tool F is rotated to the left while the spiral groove is rotated to the right, it is defined as "positive rotation". On the other hand, when the rotating tool F is rotated to the left while the spiral groove is rotated to the left, or when the rotating tool F is rotated to the right while the spiral groove is rotated to the right, it is defined as "reverse rotation".

[0041] <Preparation process> The preparation step is a step of preparing the cover body 2 and the closure member 3. The cover body 2 and the closure member 3 are not particularly limited in the manufacturing method, but the cover body 2 is molded by, for example, casting, and the closure member 3 is molded by, for example, extrusion.

[0042] <Butt joint process> like Figure 2As shown in FIG. 1 , the docking process is a process of placing the sealing body 3 on the sleeve body 2 and docking the side surfaces. The side surface 3c of the sealing body 3 is docked with the step side surface (side surface) 12b of the peripheral wall step portion 12 by the docking process to form a first docking portion J1. The first docking portion J1 is as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the inner edge of the end face 11a along the periphery of the closure 3 and the sleeve body 2 is formed into a rectangular shape when viewed from above. In addition, the step bottom surface 12a of the peripheral wall step portion 12 is docked (overlapped) with the back surface 3b of the closure 3 to form a second docking portion J2. In this embodiment, the plate thickness of the closure 3 is the same as the height dimension of the step side 12b. The plate thickness of the closure 3 can also be set to be larger than the height dimension of the step side 12b. In this way, insufficient metal in the joint can be prevented. In addition, after the docking process, it is fixed by a clamp (not shown) to prevent the position of the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 from deviating.

[0043] <Insertion process> Insertion process such as Figure 5 The figure shows a process of inserting the rotating tool F into the joined member (here, the sleeve body 2). In the insertion process, the rotating tool F is rotated in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove provided on the stirring pin F2 (counter-rotation). In the present embodiment, the spiral groove is rotated counterclockwise, and therefore, the rotating tool F is rotated counterclockwise. In the insertion process, the rotating tool F is pressed in until a predetermined insertion depth H1 is reached. The insertion depth H1 is the distance from the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11 to the front end of the stirring pin F2. The insertion depth H1 can be appropriately set within a range below the length L1 of the stirring pin F2. In the insertion process, the insertion depth H1 can also be set within a range in which only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the peripheral wall portion 11 and the shoulder portion F1 is not in contact with the peripheral wall portion 11. The material of the closure 3 is frictionally stirred by the insertion process and a plasticized region W1 is formed. In addition, the front end position of the inserted stirring pin F2 is set as the first imaginary reference plane D1.

[0044] The insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 in the insertion process can be appropriately set according to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 and the joined component, and is preferably greater than 7.5 mm, more preferably greater than 9 mm, further preferably greater than 10.5 mm, and preferably less than 15 mm, more preferably less than 13.5 mm, further preferably less than 12 mm.

[0045] The insertion depth H1 of the stirring pin F2 in the insertion process is preferably L1×0.5≤H1 in relationship to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2, more preferably L1×0.6≤H1, further preferably L1×0.7≤H1, and preferably H1≤L1, more preferably H1≤L1×0.9, further preferably H1≤L1×0.8.

[0046] The number of revolutions of the rotating tool F in the insertion process may be appropriately set, and is preferably set to be equal to or greater than the number of revolutions in the joining process. The number of revolutions of the rotating tool F in the insertion process is, for example, preferably 400 rpm or more, more preferably 600 rpm or more, further preferably 800 rpm or more, further preferably 900 rpm or more, particularly preferably 1000 rpm or more, and preferably 5000 rpm or less, more preferably 4000 rpm, and further preferably 3000 rpm or more.

[0047] The relationship between the rotation number of the rotating tool F in the insertion process, for example, the rotation number N1 of the rotating tool F in the insertion process and the rotation number N2 of the rotating tool F in the joining process is preferably N2≤N1, more preferably N2×1.1≤N1, further preferably N2×1.5≤N1, and preferably N1≤N2×5, more preferably N1≤N2×4, further preferably N1≤N2×3.

[0048] <Pull-up process> The pull-up process is as follows Figure 6 The process shown is a process of pulling the rotating tool F toward the front direction of the joined member (here, the sleeve body 2) after the insertion process. That is, the rotating tool F is pulled up while maintaining the rotation direction (reverse rotation) in the insertion process. In the pulling-up process, the front end position of the rotating tool F after being pulled up is set to the second imaginary reference plane D2. In the pulling-up process, the pulling amount H2 of the rotating tool F is the distance from the first imaginary reference plane D1 to the second imaginary reference plane D2. In the pulling-up process, the rotating tool F only needs to be slightly pulled up from the first imaginary reference plane D1, or it can be pulled up in a manner that it is further above the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11.

[0049] The pulling amount H2 in the pulling process can be appropriately set according to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 and the joined component, and is preferably greater than 0.1 mm, more preferably greater than 0.3 mm, further preferably greater than 0.5 mm, and preferably less than 7.5 mm, more preferably less than 3 mm, further preferably less than 2 mm.

[0050] The pull-up amount H2 in the pull-up step can be appropriately set, and its relationship with the insertion depth H1 is preferably H1×0.01≤H2, more preferably H1×0.05≤H2, further preferably H1×0.1≤H2, and preferably H2≤H1×0.5, more preferably H2≤H1×0.3, further preferably H2≤H1×0.2.

[0051] <Change process> Change process such as Figure 7The process shown is to change the rotation direction of the rotating tool F. In the present embodiment, the reverse rotation is performed during the insertion process, and therefore, the reverse rotation is changed to the forward rotation. In other words, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the rotating tool F is changed from the left rotation to the right rotation. The changing process can be performed in a state where the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the peripheral wall portion 11, or the rotation direction can be changed in a state where the stirring pin F2 is separated from the peripheral wall portion 11 as in the present embodiment.

[0052] In the changing step, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F after the rotation direction is changed can be appropriately set according to the joined members. The rotation speed of the rotating tool F after the rotation direction is changed can be set to the same rotation speed as that set in the joining step.

[0053] <Pressing process> Pressing process such as Figure 8 The process shown is a process of pressing the rotating tool F toward the depth direction of the joined component (here, the sleeve body 2) after the change process. That is, the rotating tool F is pressed in while maintaining the rotation direction (positive rotation) after the change process. In the pressing process, the front end position of the rotating tool F after being pressed in is set to the third imaginary reference plane D3. The insertion amount H3 of the rotating tool F pressed in the pressing process is the distance from the first imaginary reference plane D1 to the third imaginary reference plane D3 (the insertion amount after the stirring pin F2 abuts against the peripheral wall portion 11 again). In the pressing process, it is sufficient to make the rotating tool F slightly contact with the peripheral wall portion 11. That is, preferably, the insertion amount is set in such a way that at least the front end side of the stirring pin F2 becomes a position deeper than the first imaginary reference plane D1.

[0054] In the pressing process, the rotating tool F is pressed in until the specified insertion depth H4. The insertion depth H4 is the distance from the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11 to the front end of the stirring pin F2. There is a relationship H1+H3=H4 between the insertion depth H1 in the insertion process and the insertion amount H3 and the insertion depth H4 in the pressing process. The insertion depth H4 in the pressing process is the insertion depth of the rotating tool F when the friction stir welding starts in the joining process.

[0055] In addition, the insertion amount H3 in the pressing process can be appropriately set according to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 and the member to be joined, and is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.3 mm or more, and further preferably 0.5 mm or more, and is preferably 7.5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less, and further preferably 1 mm or less. The insertion amount H3 can also be, for example, one tenth of the length L1 of the stirring pin F2.

[0056] The relationship between the insertion amount H3 and the insertion depth H1 in the pressing step is preferably H1×0.01≤H3, more preferably H1×0.05≤H3, further preferably H1×0.1≤H3, and preferably H3≤H1×0.5, more preferably H3≤H1×0.3, further preferably H3≤H1×0.2.

[0057] In addition, the insertion depth H4 in the pressing process can be appropriately set according to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 and the joined component, and is preferably greater than 8 mm, more preferably greater than 9 mm, and further preferably greater than 10 mm, and is preferably less than 15 mm, more preferably less than 13.5 mm, and further preferably less than 12 mm.

[0058] The relationship between the insertion depth H4 and the insertion depth H1 in the press-fitting step is preferably H1×1.01≤H4, more preferably H1×1.05≤H4, further preferably H1×1.1≤H4, and preferably H4≤H1×1.5, more preferably H4≤H1×1.3, further preferably H4≤H1×1.2.

[0059] The number of rotations of the rotating tool F in the press-fitting step can be appropriately set according to the member to be joined. The number of rotations of the rotating tool F in the press-fitting step can be set to the same number of rotations as that set in the joining step.

[0060] <Joining process> Joining process such as Fig. 9 The figure shows a process of joining the joined components (here, the sleeve body 2 and the closure member 3) while rotating the rotary tool F in the direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed. That is, in the joining process, friction stir joining is performed in a positive rotation state. In the joining process, the joined components are joined by moving the rotary tool F while rotating the rotary tool F in the direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed. After the rotary tool F is pressed to a prescribed insertion depth H4 in the aforementioned pressing process, the rotary tool F is gradually pressed to a deeper position while being moved to the middle position S1 until the prescribed insertion depth H5. After reaching the middle position S1, the rotary tool F is moved along the first docking portion J1 while the rotation axis C of the rotary tool F is overlapped with the moving path R1. The moving path R1 can also be set at the same position as the first docking portion J1, but in this embodiment, it is set slightly to the inside (the side of the closure member 3) than the first docking portion J1. The moving path R1 is substantially parallel to the first docking portion J1.

[0061] The insertion depth H5 of the rotating tool F is the distance from the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11 to the front end of the stirring pin F2. The insertion depth H5 can be appropriately set within the range in which the friction stir welding of the first docking portion J1 can be performed, but in the present embodiment, it is set so that the front end of the stirring pin F2 is deeper than the step bottom surface 12a.

[0062] In the joining process, the insertion depth H5 is maintained while the insertion depth H5 is maintained. Figure 3 ) After rotating one circle clockwise along the moving path R1, the rotating tool F moves to the middle position E1 while repeating a part of the plasticized area W1. Then, the rotating tool F is gradually pulled up while moving to the end position EP1. Finally, the rotating tool F is separated from the closing member 3 at the end position EP1.

[0063] In addition, the insertion depth H5 in the joining process can be appropriately set according to the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 and the joined component, but in the present embodiment, it is preferably greater than 15 mm, more preferably greater than 16 mm, and preferably less than 18 mm, more preferably less than 17 mm.

[0064] [1-3. Effects] According to the manufacturing method of the joint body of the present embodiment described above, in the insertion process, the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the joined member (here, the sleeve body 2) while the rotating tool F is rotated in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove (reverse rotation), so that when the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the joined member, the spiral groove acts on the joined member like the blade of a drill, thereby entering the joined member while scraping the material of the joined member. That is, in the insertion process of the present embodiment, since the stirring pin F2 is entered into the joined member without causing plastic flow as in the case of positive rotation, the rotating tool F is easier to enter into the joined member than in the case of positive rotation. Therefore, when the stirring pin F2 is inserted, the joined member is actively discharged to the outside as the stirring pin is inserted, and the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joint device during insertion can be reduced. In addition, corresponding to the amount of load reduction, the wear of the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the damage of the stirring pin F2.

[0065] In addition, in the past, a preliminary hole was provided at the starting position SP1 of the stirring pin F2 in order to reduce the pressure resistance, but in the above case, the process for forming the preliminary hole increases and takes time, which becomes a technical problem. In addition, for example, when the preliminary hole is formed and the friction stir welding is performed using a machining center, the replacement of the tools used in each process also takes time, which becomes a technical problem. However, according to the present embodiment, even if the preliminary hole is not provided, the pressure resistance is reduced and the stirring pin F2 can be smoothly inserted, which can improve productivity.

[0066] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, after the stirring pin F2 is inserted, the rotation direction of the rotating tool F is switched to the direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed, and friction stir welding is performed while the rotating tool F is rotated in the direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed (positive rotation). Thus, plastic flow downward is induced during friction stir welding, so that the material can be replenished to the front end side of the stirring pin F2, thereby making it less likely to generate defects inside.

[0067] In addition, in the insertion process of the present embodiment, it is presumed that the scraped material of the joined member is discharged to the outside of the joined member as the spiral groove rotates, just like the chips generated by cutting with a drill. As a result, the material that flows out due to plastic fluidization is not likely to remain as burrs on the front side of the joined member (here, the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11) after friction stir welding, so the burden of post-processing such as cutting processing for removing burrs is also reduced, which can improve productivity.

[0068] In addition, it is sufficient to appropriately set the number of rotations of the rotating tool F in the insertion process of the present embodiment, but preferably, the number of rotations of the rotating tool F is greater than the number of rotations of the rotating tool F in the joining process. By setting the number of rotations in the insertion process to be greater than the number of rotations in the joining process, the joined member is cut by the spiral groove when the stirring pin F2 is inserted, and it is easy to make the chips of the joined member cut as the rotating tool F rotates fly from the front of the joined member to the outside, so that burrs and chips are not easily left on the front of the joined member after joining. In particular, even when the size of the rotating tool F is relatively small, it is easy to make the chips of the joined member fly. In addition, if the number of rotations during insertion is low, the oxide film is likely to roll up, but by setting the number of rotations in the insertion process to be greater than the number of rotations in the joining process, the occurrence of this rolling can be prevented.

[0069] In addition, preferably, as in the present embodiment, the relationship between the number of rotations N1 of the rotating tool F in the insertion process and the number of rotations N2 of the rotating tool F in the joining process is N2≤N1≤N2×5. By setting the number of rotations N1 to be greater than N2, the cutting effect of the joined component achieved by the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 can be improved. In addition, by setting the number of rotations N1 to be less than N2×5, the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device can be reduced.

[0070] In addition, preferably, after the insertion step, a pulling-up step of pulling the rotating tool F toward the front direction of the member to be joined is included as in the present embodiment, and the changing step is performed during the pulling-up step. By pulling up the rotating tool F after the insertion step, the contact resistance between the rotating tool F and the member to be joined is reduced (substantially eliminated), thereby suppressing the load on the rotating tool F and the joining device generated when the rotation direction is changed.

[0071] In addition, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotating tool F in the insertion process and the pull-up amount H2 in the pull-up process is H1×0.01≤H2≤H1×0.5 as in the present embodiment. By setting the pull-up amount H2 to be greater than or equal to H1×0.01, the contact resistance with the member to be joined can be reduced. By setting the pull-up amount to be less than or equal to H1×0.5, the temperature drop of the member to be joined due to excessive separation of the rotating tool F from the member to be joined can be prevented, and the subsequent joining can be performed ideally.

[0072] In addition, preferably, as in the present embodiment, after the changing process, a pressing process of pressing the rotating tool F toward the depth direction of the joined member is also included, and the joining process is performed after the pressing process. By pressing the stirring pin F2 after changing the rotation direction, the metal structure formed during the reverse rotation in the insertion process can be changed to a structure composed of plastic flow material directed downward by the positive rotation. In addition, the heat generation can be increased by making use of the pressing of the stirring pin F2 to bring the rotating tool (stirring pin F2 (+ shoulder F1)) F into contact with the joined member again. Therefore, the subsequent joining can be performed ideally.

[0073] In addition, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotating tool in the insertion process and the insertion amount H3 in the pressing process is H1×0.01≤H3≤H1×0.5 as in the present embodiment. By setting the insertion amount H3 to be greater than H1×0.01, a structure consisting of plastic flow toward the bottom generated by positive rotation is generated, and heat generation is increased by contact between the rotating tool F and the new member to be joined, so that friction stir joining can be performed ideally. In addition, by setting the insertion amount H3 to be less than H1×0.5, the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device can be reduced.

[0074] In addition, preferably, as in the present embodiment, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotating tool in the insertion process and the insertion depth H4 at the start of the joining process is H1×1.01≤H4≤H1×1.5. By setting the insertion depth H4 to be greater than or equal to H1×0.01, a structure consisting of plastic flow toward the bottom generated by the positive rotation is generated, and the heat generation is increased by the contact between the rotating tool F and the new joined member, so that friction stir joining can be performed ideally. In addition, by setting the insertion depth H4 to be less than or equal to H1×1.5, the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device can be reduced.

[0075] In addition, if the rotary tool F of the present embodiment has a shoulder portion F1, the chips can be cut off ideally by contact with the shoulder portion F1, and the heat generation efficiency generated by the shoulder portion F1 during joining is also improved. In addition, in general, if a rotary tool including a shoulder portion is used, the contact area with the joined member becomes larger, and therefore, there is a tendency for the load acting on the joining device to become larger. However, in the present embodiment, an insertion process, a pull-up process, a change process, and a press-in process are included, and during these processes (when inserting), the joined member is actively discharged to the outside in advance, so when the shoulder portion is brought into contact with the joined member to perform friction stir joining, the load acting on the rotary tool F and the joining device can be reduced.

[0076] In addition, preferably, the relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotating tool F in the insertion process and the length L1 of the insertion pin F2 is L1×0.5≤H1≤L1 as in the present embodiment. By setting the insertion depth H1 to be greater than L1×0.5, the material can be scraped off by the spiral groove of the stirring pin F2, so as to easily obtain the effect of reducing the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device. In addition, by setting the insertion depth H1 to H1≤L1, it is possible to prevent the shoulder F1 from making a large amount of contact with the joined member during the insertion process, thereby preventing the contact resistance from increasing.

[0077] In addition, in the present embodiment, the sleeve body (first member to be joined) 2 and the closure member 3 (second member to be joined) having a lower hardness than the sleeve body 2 are formed. Thus, the strength of the liquid cooling sleeve (joint) 1 can be improved. In addition, in the present embodiment, the moving path R1 is set to be closer to the inside than the first docking portion J1, and the friction stir joining is performed in a state where the moving path R1 overlaps with the rotating axis C of the rotating tool F. Thus, the material of the relatively hard sleeve body 2 can be prevented from being mixed into the side of the closure member 3 as much as possible, and the strength of the joint can be prevented from decreasing. In addition, the imbalance caused by the material resistance during friction stir joining is also eliminated, so that the friction stir can be highly balanced and ideally joined. In addition, from the viewpoint of reducing the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device during insertion, it is preferred that the stirring pin is inserted into the side of the second member to be joined having a lower hardness than the first member to be joined. In the present embodiment, since the insertion process, the change process and the joining process are sequentially included, even when the stirring pin is inserted into the first member to be joined having a high hardness, the load applied to the rotating tool F and the joining device can be reduced during insertion.

[0078] Furthermore, in the joining process, by setting the insertion depth so that the front end of the stirring pin F2 reaches the step bottom surface 12a, not only the first butting portion J1 but also the second butting portion J2 can be friction stir welded reliably.

[0079] If the start position SP1 is set at the first butting portion J1, the oxide film may be rolled up, but in the joining process of this embodiment, the start position SP1 is set at the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. This prevents the oxide film from remaining in the plasticized region W1, especially at the insertion position.

[0080] [1-4. Others] The above is a description of the manufacturing method of the joint body of the present embodiment, but appropriate design changes can be made within the scope of the purpose of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the side surface 3c of the closure member 3 is butted with the step side surface 12b of the peripheral wall step portion 12 to form the first butting portion J1, that is, the end surfaces of both sides of the first joined member and the second joined member are butted with each other. It is sufficient as long as the end surface of at least one of the first joined member and the second joined member is butted with respect to the other to form a butting portion.

[0081] In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the insertion process, the pull-up process, the change process, and the press-in process are performed without moving the rotary tool F from the starting position SP1, but each process may be performed while moving in the advancing direction. That is, the insertion process, the pull-up process, the change process, and the press-in process may be performed while moving the rotary tool F from the starting position SP1 in the insertion interval.

[0082] In addition, the pull-up process may be omitted. That is, after the insertion process is completed, the height position of the rotating tool F may be maintained (maintaining contact with the joined member) and the rotation direction of the rotating tool F may be directly changed. In particular, when the rotating tool F is relatively small, the pull-up process may be omitted due to the small contact resistance.

[0083] Furthermore, the pressing step may be omitted. Furthermore, although the case where the rotary tool F is gradually pushed in while being moved in the insertion section has been exemplified and described, the rotary tool F may be inserted to a predetermined insertion depth H5 at the starting position SP1 and then moved while maintaining the insertion depth H5.

[0084] In addition, in the joining process, the start position SP1 and the end position EP1 may be set on the first docking portion or the front surface 3a of the sealing member 3. In addition, although the joined body is exemplified as a rectangular parallelepiped liquid cooling jacket in this embodiment, it may be other shapes as long as at least two members are joined.

[0085] In addition, the step side surface 12b may also be inclined outward relative to the step bottom surface 12a. In the above case, preferably, the rotation axis C of the rotating tool F is set to be closer to the inside than the side surface 3c of the closure 3, and is set in a manner that makes the contact between the stirring pin F2 and the peripheral wall portion 11 thinner. In this way, the material of the relatively hard sleeve body 2 that is mixed into the side of the closure 3 can be reduced as much as possible, thereby preventing the decrease in the joining strength. In addition, the imbalance caused by the material resistance during friction stirring can be eliminated. In addition, at this time, the plate thickness of the closure 3 can also be made larger than the height dimension of the step side surface 12. In this way, the lack of material at the joint can be compensated.

[0086] [2. First Modification of First Embodiment] Next, a first modification of the first embodiment described above will be described. The method for manufacturing a bonded body according to this modification differs from the first embodiment described above in that it includes a preliminary hole forming step.

[0087] In this variation, if Fig.10 As shown, a preliminary hole forming step is performed before the insertion step. In the preliminary hole forming step, a cutting tool such as a rotary tool or an end mill is used to form a preliminary hole Q at a starting position SP1 set on the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. Although the shape of the preliminary hole Q is a hollow portion in a push-table shape in this modification, it can also be a hollow portion in a conical shape, a cylindrical shape, or a prism shape.

[0088] By performing the preliminary hole forming step, the press-in resistance formed by the rotating tool F during the insertion step can be reduced. In addition, thereby, the damage and wear of the rotating tool F can also be reduced. In particular, when the sleeve body (first joined member) 2 is formed of a relatively hard material such as an aluminum alloy casting material, the effect of reducing the press-in resistance becomes significant. In addition, when the starting position SP1 is set to the front face 3a of the closure member 3, the preliminary hole Q can also be provided on the front face 3a. In addition, the preliminary hole Q can also be formed in advance in the molding stage of the sleeve body 2.

[0089] [3. Second Modification of First Embodiment] Next, a second variation of the first embodiment described above will be described. In the manufacturing method of the joint body of this variation, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the present invention is different from the first embodiment described above in that a rotating tool K is used.

[0090] The rotating tool K includes a base K1 and a stirring pin K2. The base K1 is a portion connected to an output shaft of a joining device (not shown), and is in a columnar or push-table shape. The stirring pin K2 has a truncated cone shape and hangs down from the lower end surface K1a of the base K1. The stirring pin K2 is more than twice as long as the plate thickness of the sealing member 3. The front end of the stirring pin K2 is flat. A spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin K2 throughout the entire height direction. The spiral groove can also be either right-handed or left-handed, but in the present embodiment, it is left-handed (counterclockwise when viewed from above).

[0091] In the manufacturing method of the bonded body of this modification, a preparation step, a docking step, an insertion step, a pull-up step, a change step, a press-in step, and a bonding step are performed. The preparation step and the docking step are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0092] In the insertion process, Fig.11 As shown, the rotary tool F is rotated in the reverse direction (rotated counterclockwise) to insert the stirring pin K2 into the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. In the inserting step, only the stirring pin K2 is brought into contact with the peripheral wall portion 11. The other essentials of the insertion process are the same as those of the first embodiment described above. In addition, the pull-up process, the change process, and the press-in process are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0093] In the joining process, Fig.12 As shown in the figure, the rotating tool K is moved in such a manner that the rotating axis C coincides with the moving path R1 and is parallel to the first docking portion J1 while the rotating tool K is rotated forward (rotated to the right). In the joining process, only the stirring pin K2 is brought into contact with the joined members (here, the sleeve body 2 and the closure member 3), and friction stir welding is performed with the base end side of the stirring pin K2 exposed.

[0094] Even the rotary tool K of this modified example can achieve substantially the same effect as the first embodiment described above. In addition, in the joining process, only the stirring pin K2 is in contact with the joined member, and friction stir joining is performed in a state where the base K1 is not in contact with the joined member, thereby reducing the load acting on the joining device. In addition, even when the rotary tool K is used, the step side surface 12b can be tilted outward.

[0095] [4. Third Modification of First Embodiment] Next, a third variation of the first embodiment described above will be described. In the manufacturing method of the joint body of this variation, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, the present invention is different from the first embodiment described above in that a rotating tool G is used.

[0096] The rotary tool G is made of tool steel, for example, and mainly consists of a base G1 and stirring pins (base end pin G2 and front end pin G3). The base G1 is columnar or push-table-shaped, and is connected to the output shaft of the joining device.

[0097] The base end pin G2 is continuous with the base G1 and tapers toward the front end. The base end pin G2 is in the shape of a truncated cone. It is sufficient to set the taper angle A of the base end pin G2 appropriately, for example, to 135 to 160 degrees. If the taper angle A is 135 to 160 degrees, the roughness of the joining surface after friction stirring can be reduced.

[0098] The taper angle A is larger than the taper angle B of the front end side pin G3 described later. Fig.14 As shown in the figure, on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin G2, a stepped pin level difference portion G21 is formed throughout the entire height direction. The pin level difference portion G21 is formed in a spiral shape in a clockwise or counterclockwise manner. In other words, the pin level difference portion G21 is spiral when viewed from above and is stepped when viewed from the side. In this modified example, the pin level difference portion G21 is set to be counterclockwise from the base end side to the front end side.

[0099] like Fig.14 As shown, the pin step portion G21 is composed of a step bottom surface G21a and a step side surface G21b. The distance X1 (horizontal distance) between each vertex G21c, G21c of adjacent pin step portions G21 is appropriately set according to the step angle M1 described later and the height Y1 of the step side surface G21b.

[0100] The height Y1 of the step side surface F21b can be appropriately set, for example, to 0.1 to 0.4 mm. If the height Y1 is less than 0.1 mm, the bonding surface roughness increases. On the other hand, if the height Y1 is greater than 0.4 mm, there is a tendency for the bonding surface roughness to increase, and the number of effective step portions (the number of pin step portions G21 in contact with the metal member to be bonded) also decreases.

[0101] It is sufficient to appropriately set the step angle M1 formed by the step bottom surface G21a and the step side surface G21b, but it is set to 85 to 120°, for example. In the present embodiment, the step bottom surface G21a is parallel to the horizontal plane (here, the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis C). The step bottom surface G21a can also be inclined from the rotation axis C toward the peripheral direction within the range of -5 to 15° relative to the horizontal plane (negative below the horizontal plane and positive above the horizontal plane). The distance X1, the height Y1 of the step side surface G21b, the step angle M1 and the angle of the step bottom surface G21a relative to the horizontal plane are appropriately set so that when friction stirring is performed, the plastic flow material will not be retained and attached to the inside of the pin step portion G21 but will be discharged to the outside, and the plastic flow material can be pressed by the step bottom surface G21a to reduce the roughness of the joining surface.

[0102] like Fig.13As shown, the front end side pin G3 is formed continuously with the base end side pin G2. The front end side pin G3 is in the shape of a truncated cone. The front end of the stirring pin G3 is flat. The taper angle B of the front end side pin G3 is smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin G2. Fig.14 As shown in FIG. 1 , a spiral groove G31 is engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the front end side pin G3. The spiral groove G31 may be either clockwise or counterclockwise, but in the present embodiment, the spiral groove G31 is engraved counterclockwise.

[0103] The spiral groove G31 is composed of a spiral bottom surface G31a and a spiral side surface G31b. The distance (horizontal distance) between the vertices G31c and G31c of adjacent spiral grooves G31 is set to length X2. The height of the spiral side surface G31b is set to height Y2. The spiral angle M2 formed by the spiral bottom surface G31a and the spiral side surface G31b is formed to, for example, 45 to 90°. The spiral groove G31 includes the functions of increasing frictional heat by contacting the joined member and guiding the plastic flow material toward the front end side. It is sufficient to set the spiral angle M2, length X2 and height Y2 appropriately. In addition, the pin layer difference portion G21 and the spiral groove G31 of the rotating tool G are portions corresponding to the "spiral groove of the stirring pin" in the claims.

[0104] In the manufacturing method of the bonded body of this modification, a preparation step, a docking step, an insertion step, a pull-up step, a change step, a press-in step, and a bonding step are performed. The preparation step and the docking step are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0105] In the insertion process, Fig.13 As shown, the rotary tool G is rotated in the reverse direction (rotated to the left) and the front end side pin G3 is inserted into the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. In the insertion process, only the front end side pin G3 is brought into contact with the peripheral wall portion 11. The other essentials of the insertion process are the same as those of the first embodiment described above. In addition, the pull-up process, the change process, and the press-in process are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0106] In the bonding process, Fig.15 As shown in the figure, the rotary tool G is moved in such a manner that the rotation axis C coincides with the movement path R1 and is parallel to the first docking portion J1 while the rotary tool G is rotated rightward (positive rotation). In the joining process, the insertion depth is set in such a manner that the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin G2 contacts the front surface 3a of the sealing member 3 and the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11, and the front end of the front end side pin G3 is located below the step bottom surface 12a.

[0107] Even the rotary tool G of this modified example can achieve substantially the same effect as the first embodiment described above. In addition, during the joining process, the plastic flow material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin G2, so the step groove formed on the joining surface can be reduced, and the raised portion formed near the step groove can be eliminated or reduced. In addition, since the stepped pin step portion G21 is shallow and has a large outlet, it is easy to discharge the plastic flow material to the outside of the pin step portion G21 while pressing the plastic flow material using the step bottom surface G21a. Therefore, even if the plastic flow material is pressed by the base end side pin G2, the plastic flow material is not easy to adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin G2. As a result, the roughness of the joining surface can be reduced, and the joining quality can be ideally stabilized.

[0108] In addition, the rotary tool G of the present embodiment is a structure including a base end pin G2 and a front end pin G3 having a smaller taper angle than the taper angle A of the base end pin G2. Thus, the rotary tool G can be easily inserted into the sleeve body 2 and the sealing member 3. In addition, since the taper angle B of the front end pin G3 is small, the rotary tool G can be easily inserted into a deeper position of the first docking portion J1. In addition, even when the rotary tool G is used, the step side surface 12b can be tilted outward.

[0109] [5. Fourth Modification of First Embodiment] Next, a fourth modification of the first embodiment described above will be described. The method for manufacturing a joined body according to this modification is different from the first embodiment described above in that a stirring pin is inserted into the first butting portion J1 in the inserting step.

[0110] In the manufacturing method of the bonded body of this modification (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this method"), a preparation step, a docking step, an insertion step, a pull-up step, a change step, a press-in step and a bonding step are performed. The preparation step and the docking step are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0111] In this method, if Fig.16 As shown, the sleeve body 2 and the sealing member 3 are subjected to friction stir welding in a state where the sealing member 3 is placed on the sleeve body 2 and the side surfaces are butted against each other. In this method, the end position EP1 is set in the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11, and the start position SP2, the middle position S1 and the middle position E1 are set in the front surface 3a of the sealing member 3. In this method, the plasticized area W2 (refer to Fig.17) becomes a positional relationship overlapping with the first docking portion J1, and the starting position SP2 is set. The moving path R2 through which the rotating axis C of the rotating tool F of the present method passes passes through the starting position SP2, the intermediate position S1, the intermediate position E1 and the ending position EP1. The moving path R2 is a path sandwiched between the starting position SP2 as the starting point and the ending position EP1 as the end point, and includes an insertion interval, a main interval and a disengagement interval. In the present method, an insertion process, a pull-up process, a change process and a press-in process are performed at the starting position SP2. In addition, in the present method, a joining process is performed in the insertion interval, the main interval and the disengagement interval.

[0112] The insertion section is a section from the start position SP2 to the intermediate position S1. In the insertion section, the rotation tool F inserted at the start position SP2 is gradually pushed in while being moved toward the intermediate position S1.

[0113] In the main section, the movement path R2 is set slightly inside the first abutting portion J1 (closed member 3 side). In addition, the movement path R2 is substantially parallel to the first abutting portion J1.

[0114] The insertion process of this method is as follows Fig.17 The figure shows a process of inserting the rotating tool F into the joined components (the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3). More specifically, the insertion process of the present method is a process of inserting the rotating tool F into the first docking portion J1 of the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3. In the insertion process, the rotating tool F is rotated (reversely rotated) in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove provided in the stirring pin F2, and the rotating tool F is inserted into the first docking portion J1. The insertion depth H1 of the stirring pin F2 can be set in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Through the insertion process, the materials of the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 are frictionally stirred to form a plasticized region W2. At this time, the plasticized region W2 is formed in a form that crosses the first docking portion J1 and contacts the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3.

[0115] The other essentials of the insertion step are the same as those of the first embodiment described above. In addition, the pull-up step, the changing step, the press-in step, and the bonding step are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

[0116] Here, when the positively rotating stirring pin is inserted into the joined member, a plasticized area is formed by the plastic flow of the joined member at the position where the stirring pin is inserted, and the joined member subjected to the plastic flow is extruded downward in accordance with the volume of the inserted stirring pin. At this time, convection toward the downward direction is generated in the inner part around the stirring pin in the plasticized area, and convection toward the upward direction is generated in the outer part in the plasticized area. Therefore, when the positively rotating stirring pin is inserted toward the first docking portion J1 formed by the step side 12b of the sleeve body 2 and the side 3c of the closure 3, the oxide film existing at the interface near the position where the stirring pin is inserted is rolled up by the plastic flow, and therefore, the joining strength of the first docking portion J1 is sometimes reduced. In addition, when the positively rotating stirring pin is inserted into the joined member, the amount of the joined member subjected to the plastic flow and convection is increased in accordance with the insertion amount of the stirring pin. Therefore, near the position where the stirring pin is inserted, the convection of the joined member undergoing plastic flow as the stirring pin is inserted increases, making it easy for entanglement to occur near the interface, so that the joining strength of the first butt joint J1 may sometimes decrease.

[0117] According to the present method, in the insertion process, the stirring pin F2 is inserted toward the first docking portion J1 while the rotating tool F is rotated (reversely rotated) in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove. As a result, convection toward the upper side is generated in the inner portion of the plasticizing area W2 around the stirring pin, and convection toward the lower side is generated in the outer portion of the plasticizing area W2. Therefore, it is easy to prevent the oxide film present at the interface between the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 near the starting position SP2 of the first docking portion J1 from being rolled up. In addition, according to the present method, when the stirring pin F2 is inserted, the joined member is actively discharged to the outside as the stirring pin is inserted, so that the amount of joined members subjected to convection due to plastic flow can be reduced. As a result, it is easy to prevent the oxide film present at the interface between the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 from being rolled up. Therefore, according to the present method, the reduction in the joining strength at the docking portion J1 between the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 can be suppressed.

[0118] [6. Second embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the method for manufacturing a bonded body of the present embodiment, Fig.18 As shown, the present invention is different from the first embodiment described above in that a cover body 2A and a sealing member 3A are used.

[0119] The cover body 2A is composed of a bottom portion 10 and a peripheral wall portion 11. A recess 13 is formed inside the cover body 2A. The sealing member 3A covers the opening of the cover body 2A and has the same size as the outer edge of the peripheral wall portion 11.

[0120] Next, the manufacturing method of the joint body of the present embodiment (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "the present method") is described. In the manufacturing method of the joint body of the present embodiment, a preparation process, an overlap process, an insertion process, a pull-up process, a change process, a press-in process and a joining process are performed. The preparation process, the pull-up process, the change process and the press-in process are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

[0121] In this method, if Fig.19 As shown in FIG. 1 , the sealing member 3A is placed on the sleeve body 2A and overlapped, and the sleeve body 2A and the sealing member 3A are frictionally stirred welded. Fig. 20 As shown, in the present method, in the front face 3a of the closure 3, the starting position SP3, the middle position S3, the middle position E3 and the ending position EP3 are set at positions corresponding to the overlap portion J3. The moving path R3 through which the rotation axis C of the rotating tool F of the present method passes passes through the starting position SP3, the middle position S3, the middle position E3 and the ending position EP3. The moving path R3 is rectangular when viewed from above in a manner overlapping with the overlap portion J3. The moving path R3 is a path sandwiched between the starting position SP3 as the starting point and the ending position EP3 as the end point, and includes an insertion interval, a main interval and a disengagement interval. In the present method, an insertion process, a pull-up process, a change process and a press-in process are performed at the starting position SP3. In addition, in the present method, a joining process is performed in the insertion interval, the main interval and the disengagement interval.

[0122] The insertion section is a section from the start position SP3 to the intermediate position S3. In the insertion section, the rotation tool F inserted at the start position SP3 is gradually pushed in while being moved toward the intermediate position S3.

[0123] The main section is to make the rotating tool F rotate one circle from the middle position S3 along the overlap portion J3, pass through the middle position S3, and move to the middle position E3. Fig.19 As shown, the insertion depth of the rotary tool F is maintained constant in such a manner that the stirring pin F2 reaches the end surface 11a.

[0124] The disengagement section is the section from the intermediate position E3 to the end position EP3. In the disengagement section, the rotating tool F that has reached the intermediate position E3 is moved toward the end position EP3 while being gradually pulled up. After the rotating tool F reaches the end position EP3, the rotating tool F is disengaged from the closure 3.

[0125] Overlapping process such as Fig.19 The figure shows the process of overlapping the sleeve body 2A and the closure member 3A. In the overlapping process, the end surface 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11 is overlapped with the back surface 3b of the closure member 3A to form an overlapping portion J3. The overlapping portion J3 is formed along the outer periphery of the recessed portion 13 to be in a rectangular frame shape when viewed from above.

[0126] Insertion process such as Fig.21 The figure shows a process of inserting the rotating tool F into the joined member (closure 3A). More specifically, it is a process of inserting the rotating tool F from the front face 3a of the closure 3A to the overlapping portion J3 of the sleeve body 2A and the closure 3A. In the insertion process, the rotating tool F is rotated (reversely rotated) in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove provided on the stirring pin F2. In the present embodiment, the spiral groove is rotated to the left, so the rotating tool F is rotated to the left. In the insertion process of the present embodiment, the insertion depth H1 is set within a range in which the stirring pin F2 is in contact with only the closure 3A and the stirring pin F2 is not in contact with the peripheral wall portion 11. In the insertion process, the insertion depth H1 can also be set within a range in which only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the front face 3a of the closure 3A and the shoulder portion F1 is not in contact with the front face 3a. The material of the closure 3A is frictionally stirred by the insertion process and a plasticized area W3 is formed.

[0127] The joining process is a process of performing friction stir joining with respect to the overlapping portion J3 using a rotating tool F. In the joining process, the insertion depth of the rotating tool F is set in the present method so that the shoulder portion F1 is slightly pressed into the front face 3a of the closure 3 while the stirring pin F2 reaches the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. The insertion depth of the rotating tool F in the joining process can be set appropriately, for example, the overlapping portion J3 can be joined without the stirring pin F2 reaching the end face 11a.

[0128] According to the present embodiment described above, it is also possible to achieve substantially the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above. In addition, according to the present embodiment, the overlapping portion J3 can also be joined.

[0129] In addition, in this embodiment, the case where the rotary tool F is used is exemplified and described, but the rotary tools K and G may also be used. In the present embodiment, the start position SP3 and the end position EP3 may be set at positions (inside the overlapped portion J3 ) on the front surface 3 a of the closing member 3A that do not correspond to the overlapped portion J3 .

[0130] [7. First Modification of Second Embodiment] Next, the first variant of the aforementioned second embodiment is described. In the manufacturing method of the joint body of this variant, in the insertion process, the insertion depth H1 of the stirring pin F2 is set in such a way that the formed plasticized area W4 becomes a range overlapping with the overlap portion J3, which is different from the aforementioned second embodiment.

[0131] In the manufacturing method of the bonded body of this modification (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "this method"), a preparation step, an overlap step, an insertion step, a pull-up step, a change step, a press-in step and a bonding step are performed. The preparation step and the overlap step are the same as those of the second embodiment described above.

[0132] The insertion process of this method is as follows Fig. 22 The figure shows a process of inserting the rotating tool F into the joined components (the sleeve body 2A and the closure 3A). More specifically, the insertion process of the present method is a process of inserting the rotating tool F from the front face 3a of the closure 3A to the overlapping portion J3 of the sleeve body 2A and the closure 3A. In the insertion process, the rotating tool F is rotated (reversely rotated) in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove provided in the stirring pin F2, and the rotating tool F is inserted into the overlapping portion J3. In the insertion process of the present embodiment, the insertion depth H1 is set within a range in which the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the closure 3A and the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the end face 11a of the peripheral wall portion 11. In the insertion process, the insertion depth H1 may also be set within a range in which only the stirring pin F2 is in contact with the closure 3A and the sleeve body 2A, and the shoulder portion F1 is not in contact with the front face 3a of the closure 3A. Through the insertion process, the materials of the sleeve body 2A and the closure 3A are frictionally stirred to form a plasticized area W4. At this time, the plasticized area W4 is formed in a state of being in contact with the sleeve body 2A and the closure member 3A across the overlapped portion J3.

[0133] The other essentials of the insertion step are the same as those of the second embodiment described above. In addition, the pull-up step, the change step, the press-in step, and the bonding step are the same as those of the second embodiment described above.

[0134] Here, when the rotating stirring pin is inserted toward the overlapped portion J3 formed by the end face 11a of the sleeve body 2A and the back face 3b of the closure member 3, the interface near the position where the stirring pin is inserted is rolled up by the plastic flow, and therefore, the bonding strength of the overlapped portion J3 may be reduced. In addition, the amount of the joined member subjected to the plastic flow and convection increases in accordance with the insertion amount of the stirring pin, and therefore, the convection of the joined member subjected to the plastic flow increases with the insertion of the stirring pin, and the roll-up near the interface is easily generated, and thus, the bonding strength of the overlapped portion J3 may be reduced.

[0135] According to the present method, in the insertion process, the stirring pin F2 is inserted toward the overlap portion J3 while the rotating tool F is rotated (reversely rotated) in the same direction as the formation direction of the spiral groove. As a result, convection toward the upper side is generated in the inner portion of the plasticizing area W4 around the stirring pin, and convection toward the lower side is generated in the outer portion of the plasticizing area W4. Therefore, it is easy to prevent the oxide film existing at the interface between the sleeve body 2A and the closure 3A near the starting position SP3 of the overlap portion J3 from being rolled up. In addition, according to the present method, when the stirring pin F2 is inserted, the joined member is actively discharged to the outside as the stirring pin is inserted, so that the amount of joined members subjected to convection due to plastic flow can be reduced. As a result, it is easy to prevent the oxide film existing at the interface between the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 from being rolled up. Therefore, according to the present method, the reduction in the joining strength at the overlap portion J3 between the sleeve body 2 and the closure 3 can be suppressed. Example

[0136] In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, Test 1 and Test 2 were conducted. In Test 1 and Test 2, the friction stirring state by the rotating tool F was confirmed using one member instead of joining two members. Fig.23 This is a table showing the conditions of the shape of the rotation tool in Test 1 and Test 2, the rotation direction, and the number of tool rotations. Fig.24 This is a table showing the moving speed, insertion depth, pull-up amount / insertion amount, evaluation, and alloy type in Test 1 and Test 2.

[0137] [Test 1] Test 1 Prepare the test material (A1050) and perform friction stirring at a specified distance using a rotating tool F. Set the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder F1 of the rotating tool F to 30 mm, the outer diameter of the base end of the stirring pin F2 to 14 mm, and the outer diameter of the front end of the stirring pin F2 to 9.2 mm. Set the length L1 of the stirring pin F2 to 15 mm, and set the spiral groove to be left-handed. Set the joining speed to 125 mm / min.

[0138] <Test Example 11> Fig.25 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 11. Fig.26 yes Fig.25XXVI-XXVI line sectional view. In Test Example 11, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound toward the left is inserted in a counterclockwise rotation at the starting position SP11, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and the rotation direction is changed to rightward rotation, and the rotating tool F is pressed in to perform friction stirring. In Test Example 11, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion is 2000 rpm, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up is 2000 rpm, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pressing in is 890 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding is 890 rpm. In addition, in Test Example 11, the insertion depth H1 during insertion is 15 mm, the pulling amount H2 during pulling up is 1 mm, the insertion depth during pulling up (when the rotation direction is changed) is 14 mm, the insertion amount H3 during pressing in is 0.5 mm, the insertion depth H4 after pressing in is 15.5 mm, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding is 15.5 mm. In Test Example 11, as Fig.25 As shown in FIG. 1 , the burr V11 at the starting position SP11 is less than that of the comparative test examples 11 and 12. Fig.26 As shown, there are no channel-shaped defects in the plasticized region W11.

[0139] <Comparative Test Example 11> Fig. 27 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 11. Fig.28 yes Fig. 27 XXVIII-XXVIII line sectional view. In comparative test example 11, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound toward the left is inserted in a clockwise rotation at the starting position SP2, it is inserted to the depth for friction stir welding, and friction stirring is performed by rotating toward the right. The rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion is 890 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding is also 890 rpm. In addition, the insertion depth during insertion is 15.5 mm, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding is 15.5 mm. As Fig. 27 and Fig.28 As shown in FIG. 11, in Comparative Test Example 11, there is no channel-shaped defect in the plasticized region W12. Fig. 27 As shown, a large number of burrs V12 are generated at the starting position SP12.

[0140] <Comparative Test Example 12> Fig.29 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 12. Fig.30 yes Fig.29 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.31 yes Fig.29XXXI-XXXI line cross-sectional view. In Comparative Test Example 12, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound counterclockwise is inserted in a right-rotating manner at the starting position SP13, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and after the rotating tool F is pressed in without changing the rotation direction, friction stirring is performed while rotating in the right direction. In Comparative Test Example 12, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pressing in, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding, the insertion depth H1 during insertion, the pulling amount H2 during pulling up, the insertion depth during pulling up, the insertion amount H3 during pressing in, the insertion depth H4 after pressing in, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding are performed in the same manner as in Test Example 11. In Comparative Test Example 12, as Fig.31 As shown in FIG. 1 , there are no channel-shaped defects in the plasticized region W13. Fig.29 and Fig.30 As shown, a large number of burrs V13 are generated at the starting position SP13.

[0141] <Comparative Test Example 13> Fig.32 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 13. Fig.33 yes Fig.32 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.34 yes Fig.32 XXXI V-XXXIV line cross-sectional view. In Comparative Test Example 13, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound counterclockwise is inserted in a counterclockwise rotation at the starting position SP14, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and after the rotating tool F is pressed in without changing the rotation direction, friction stirring is performed while rotating in the counterclockwise direction. In Comparative Test Example 13, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pressing in, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding, the insertion depth H1 during insertion, the pulling amount H2 during pulling up, the insertion depth during pulling up, the insertion amount H3 during pressing in, the insertion depth H4 after pressing in, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding are performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. In Comparative Test Example 13, as Fig.32 and Fig.33 As shown in FIG. 1 , the burr V14 at the starting position SP14 is less than that of the comparative test examples 11 and 12. Fig.34 As shown, channel-shaped defects are generated in the plasticized region W14.

[0142] [Test 2] In Test 2, a test material (A5052) was prepared and friction stirring was performed at a predetermined distance using a rotating tool F. The dimensions of each part of the rotating tool F were the same as those in Test 1. The spiral groove of the stirring pin F2 was set to rotate counterclockwise. The joining speed was set to 100 mm / min.

[0143] <Test Example 21> Fig.35 This is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 21. Fig.36 yes Fig.35 An enlarged top view of the starting position. In Test Example 21, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with a spiral groove wound toward the left is inserted in a counterclockwise rotation at the starting position SP15, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and the rotation direction is changed to right rotation, and the rotating tool F is pressed in to perform friction stirring. The rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion is 2000 rpm, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up is 2000 rpm, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pressing in is 400 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding is 400 rpm. In addition, in Test Example 21, the insertion depth H1 during insertion is 15 mm, the pull-up amount H2 during pulling up is 1 mm, the insertion depth when the rotation direction is changed is 14 mm, the insertion amount H3 during pressing in is 0.5 mm, the insertion depth H4 after pressing in is 15.5 mm, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding is 15.5 mm. In Test Example 21, as Fig.35 and Fig.36 As shown, the burr V15 at the start position SP15 is smaller than that of the comparative test examples 21 and 22.

[0144] <Test Example 22> Fig.37 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Test Example 22. Fig.38 yes Fig.37 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.39 yes Fig.37 XXXIX-XXXIX line sectional view. In Test Example 22, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound counterclockwise is inserted in the starting position SP16 in a counterclockwise rotation, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and the rotation direction is changed to rightward rotation, and the rotating tool F is pressed in to perform friction stirring. In Test Example 22, the same procedure as in Test Example 21 is performed except that the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion is changed to 400 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up is changed to 400 rpm. Fig.37 and Fig.38 As shown in FIG. 1 , the burr V16 at the starting position SP16 is less than that of the comparative test examples 21 and 22. Fig.39 As shown, no defects were found in the plasticized area W16.

[0145] <Comparative Test Example 21> Fig.40 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 21. Fig.41 yes Fig.40 An enlarged top view of the starting position. In Comparative Test Example 21, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with a spiral groove wound toward the left is inserted in a clockwise rotation at the starting position SP17, it is inserted to the depth for friction stir welding, and friction stirring is performed by rotating toward the right. In Comparative Test Example 21, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion is 400 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding is 400 rpm. In addition, in Comparative Test Example 21, the insertion depth during insertion is 15.5 mm, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding is 15.5 mm. In Comparative Test Example 21, as Fig.40 and Fig.41 As shown, a large number of burrs V17 are generated at the starting position SP17.

[0146] <Comparative Test Example 22> Fig.42 It is a top view showing the friction stirring state of Comparative Test Example 22. Fig.43 yes Fig.42 A magnified top view of the starting position of . Fig.44 yes Fig.42 XXXI V-XXXIV line cross-sectional view. In Comparative Test Example 22, after the rotating tool F including the stirring pin F2 with the spiral groove wound counterclockwise is inserted at the starting position SP18 in a right-rotating manner, the rotating tool F is pulled up, and after the rotating tool F is pressed in without changing the rotation direction, friction stirring is performed while rotating in the right direction. In Comparative Test Example 22, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during insertion, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pulling up, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during pressing in, the rotation speed of the rotating tool F during friction stir welding, the insertion depth H1 during insertion, the pulling amount H2 during pulling up, the insertion depth during pulling up, the insertion amount H3 during pressing in, the insertion depth H4 after pressing in, and the insertion depth H5 during friction stir welding are performed in the same manner as in Test Example 21. In Comparative Test Example 2, as Fig.44 As shown in FIG. 1 , there are no channel-shaped defects in the plasticized region W18. Fig.42 and Fig.43 As shown, a large number of burrs V18 are generated at the starting position SP18.

[0147] When the rotating tool F is inserted in the starting position SP12, SP13, SP17, SP18 in a positive rotation (the spiral groove is rotated toward the left and toward the right or toward the right and toward the left) as in comparison test examples 11, 12, 21, and 22, it is found that a large number of burrs V12, V13, V17, and V18 are generated at the starting positions SP12, SP13, SP17, and SP18, respectively. On the other hand, when the rotating tool F is inserted in the reverse rotation (the spiral groove is wound to the left and rotated to the left or wound to the right and rotated to the right) at the starting positions SP11, SP15, and SP16 as in Test Examples 11, 21, and 22, and then friction stirring is performed in the forward rotation, it is found that the burrs V11, V15, and V16 at the starting positions SP11, SP15, and SP16 are reduced, respectively.

[0148] Furthermore, when the rotary tool F was reversely rotated (the spiral groove was wound counterclockwise and rotated counterclockwise or the spiral groove was wound clockwise and rotated clockwise) during friction stir welding as in Comparative Test Example 13, the channel-shaped defect T14 was found to be generated. On the other hand, when the rotary tool F was inserted in normal rotation (the spiral groove was wound counterclockwise and rotated clockwise or the spiral groove was wound clockwise and rotated counterclockwise) during friction stir welding as in Test Examples 11, 21, and 22, the welding state was found to be good.

[0149] That is, by adopting reverse rotation during insertion (insertion process) and forward rotation during friction stir welding (welding process) as in the present invention, it is found that burrs at the starting position can be reduced and defects during friction stir welding can be eliminated. (Explanation of symbols)

[0150] 1 liquid cooling jacket (joint); 2 sets of main bodies (first joined components); 3. Closing member (second joined member); F Rotary tool; F2 stirring pin; G Rotary tool; G1 base; G2 base end side pin; G3 front end side pin; J1 first docking portion (docking portion); J2 second docking portion (docking portion); J3 overlap part; H1, H4, H5 insertion depth; H2 pull-up amount; H3 insert amount; K Rotary tool; K1 base; K2 stirring pin; N1, N2 rotation number; L1 the length of the stirring pin; R1, R2, R2 movement path; SP1, SP2, SP3 starting positions; EP1 and EP3 end positions; W plasticization zone.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a joint body, comprising: using a rotating tool having a stirring pin formed with a spiral groove, and manufacturing the joint body by friction stirring the joined members, characterized in that: The manufacturing method comprises an inserting step, a changing step and a joining step in sequence, wherein: In the inserting step, the stirring pin is inserted into the joined member while the rotating tool is rotated in the same direction as the direction in which the spiral groove is formed. In the changing step, the rotation direction of the rotating tool is changed to rotate in a direction opposite to the direction in which the spiral groove is formed. In the joining step, the members to be joined are joined while the rotation tool is rotated in a direction opposite to a direction in which the spiral groove is formed.

2. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The number of rotations of the rotation tool in the inserting step is equal to or greater than the number of rotations of the rotation tool in the joining step.

3. The method for producing a bonded body according to claim 2, wherein: The relationship between the number of rotations N1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the number of rotations N2 of the rotation tool in the joining step is N2≤N1≤N2×5.

4. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: After the inserting step, the method further includes a pulling step of pulling the rotating tool toward the front direction of the joined member. And the changing process is performed after the pulling-up process.

5. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 4, wherein: The relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the pull-up amount H2 in the pull-up step is H1×0.01≤H2≤H1×0.

5.

6. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: After the changing step, the method further includes a pressing step of pressing the rotating tool toward the depth direction of the joined member. And the bonding step is performed after the press-fitting step.

7. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 6, wherein: The relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the insertion amount H3 in the press-fitting step is H1×0.01≤H3≤H1×0.

5.

8. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 6, wherein: The relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the inserting step and the insertion depth H4 at the start of joining in the joining step is H1×1.01≤H4≤H1×1.

5.

9. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The rotary tool also has a lower end surface with a plane or a mortar shape, and a shoulder portion with a columnar or push-table shape. The stirring pin hangs down from the lower end surface of the shaft shoulder. The friction stir welding is performed on the member to be joined in a state where the shoulder portion is brought into contact with the member to be joined and the stirring pin is inserted into the member to be joined.

10. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 9, wherein: The relationship between the insertion depth H1 of the rotation tool in the insertion step and the length L1 of the stirring pin is L1×0.5≤H1≤L1.

11. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating tool has a base in the shape of a column or a push table. The stirring pin hangs down from the lower end surface of the base, The base is separated from the member to be joined and friction stir welding is performed with respect to the member to be joined in a state where only the stirring pin is inserted into the member to be joined.

12. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating tool has a base in the shape of a column or a push table. The stirring pin includes a base end side pin continuous with the base portion and a front end side pin continuous with the base end side pin, the taper angle of the base end side pin is larger than the taper angle of the front end side pin, and a stepped pin layer difference portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin. The friction stir welding is performed on the member to be joined in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is in contact with the front surface of the member to be joined.

13. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: Before the inserting step, the method further includes forming a preliminary hole in the joined member. In the inserting step, the stirring pin is inserted into the prepared hole.

14. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The joined member is composed of a first joined member and a second joined member having a lower hardness than the first joined member. The end faces of at least one of the first and second members to be joined are butted against each other to form a butted portion, or the front face of the first member to be joined is overlapped with the back face of the second member to be joined to form an overlapped portion. In the inserting step, a stirring pin is inserted from the front side of the first joined member. In the joining step, friction stir welding of the butted portion or the overlapped portion is performed.

15. The method for producing a joined body according to claim 1, wherein: The joined member is composed of a first joined member and a second joined member, The end faces of at least one of the first and second members to be joined are butted against each other to form a butted portion, or the front face of the first member to be joined is overlapped with the back face of the second member to be joined to form an overlapped portion. In the inserting step, the stirring pin is inserted toward the butting portion or the overlapping portion.

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