Novel black land biological cultivation equipment aiming at earthworm flexible release

Abstract

The invention discloses novel black land biological cultivation equipment for flexible release of earthworms, aims to solve the problem of lack of existing earthworm complex feeding machinery, and has the functions of ditching, blanking, earthing and pressing. Time and energy waste caused by the fact that a traditional machine needs to enter a field repeatedly is avoided, and the problem that soil is compacted by agricultural machines is solved; meanwhile, the feeding opening of the material box is connected through a hose, so that the flexible release of the earthworm complex is realized, and the damage rate of the earthworms is reduced; according to the ditching and discharging element, ditching, discharging and material pressing are integrated on the same component, and the space utilization rate of the machine is increased. The design is beneficial for improving the popularization of equipment use, and a reliable and feasible solution is provided for solving the problem of soil hardening of the black land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, relates to a new black soil biological farming equipment for the flexible release of earthworms. Background Art

[0002] Through research, it is found that earthworms can move in a directional manner under the drive of food and create a large pore structure in the soil. Therefore, earthworms are selected as the research object, and earthworms, straws and microorganisms are placed in the black soil at different distances and in different dosages, so that earthworms can survive in the microenvironment and construct a soil large pore structure suitable for the growth of field crops, which is of great significance. However, there is currently no agricultural machinery equipment for sending earthworms, straws and microorganisms into field soil, and there is no special equipment for earthworms to be inoculated under driving conditions. Starting from this problem, the present invention takes earthworm-driven inoculation and release as a breakthrough to improve the existing black soil environment, thereby exploring a large pore soil structure regulation mechanism, improving the survival rate of earthworms, and realizing the large pore structure of black soil soil, which has scientific significance and wide application value. Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a new black soil biological farming equipment under high reliability earthworm-driven inoculation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the problem that the prior art faces that earthworms and their complexes are inorganically available when applied in the field, and the problem of how to let earthworms drive inoculation. A new black soil biological farming equipment for the flexible release of earthworms is provided.

[0004] A new black soil biological farming equipment for the flexible release of earthworms, comprising a suspension transmission system, a rotary system, a trenching and feeding element, and a suppression element.

[0005] The suspension transmission system is the main frame of the whole machine, which is used to transmit power and provide installation sites for other components. The rotary system is installed at the front of the suspension transmission system. The ditching and unloading elements are installed on the ditching and unloading element installation holes reserved on the middle crossbeam of the frame through bolts. The suppression element is installed on the suppression element and frame installation holes reserved on the crossbeam at the rear of the frame.

[0006] The suspension transmission device provides three-point suspension related positions for the whole machine and transmits the power of the tractor output shaft to the rotary system.

[0007] The frame provides installation sites for the relevant components of the whole machine and adopts hollow rectangular steel pipes;

[0008] The soil covering element installation hole is located on the crossbeam in the middle section of the frame;

[0009] The installation hole of the ditching and feeding element is located on the crossbeam in the middle section of the frame;

[0010] The upper suspension point and the lower suspension point are installed on the front crossbeam of the frame by welding, and are used for the suspension of the whole machine;

[0011] The protective cover of the rotary input shaft is installed above the transmission shaft assembly;

[0012] The transmission shaft assembly is fixed above the power transmission gear assembly by bolts;

[0013] The power transmission gear assembly comprises nine gears meshing with each other and arranged in the same straight line;

[0014] The material box support opening is a mounting hole of the material box, and the material box support opening and the material box support are connected by bolts to fix the material box on the chassis;

[0015] The rotary tiller blade is installed under the first, fifth and ninth power transmission gear assemblies;

[0016] The power transmission gear upper end cover and the power transmission gear lower end cover are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear assembly;

[0017] The power transmission gear upper sealing cover and the power transmission gear lower sealing cover are installed in front of the upper and lower end covers of the power transmission gear;

[0018] The power transmission gear is mounted on the power transmission gear shaft;

[0019] The upper bearing and the lower bearing are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear, and are installed in cooperation with the power transmission gear shaft;

[0020] The ditching and feeding element is composed of a ditching and feeding device and a ridge protection disc;

[0021] The trenching and feeding device is fixed to the installation hole of the trenching and feeding element by bolts, and is a new type of trenching device integrating trenching and feeding.

[0022] The ridge protection disc is installed at the left and right ends of the frame through the ridge protection disc and the frame installation holes;

[0023] The material discharge port is located at the rear of the trenching and discharging device, and is connected to the material discharge pipe;

[0024] The trenching knife is installed in the trenching knife installation hole through the connecting rod thereon;

[0025] The seed pressing wheel is installed below the feeding port through the seed pressing wheel bolts;

[0026] The position adjustment handle is located above the ridge protection disc, and the working depth of the disc can be adjusted by operating the handle to adapt to ridge walls of different heights;

[0027] The soil covering device is fixed on the middle crossbeam of the frame through the soil covering element and the frame mounting hole;

[0028] The said suppression element and the frame mounting opening are used to fix the suppression element to the tail of the frame crossbeam;

[0029] The soil cover installation pin is used to install the soil cover between the pressing element and the frame installation opening;

[0030] The soil cover buckle is used to connect the soil cover mounting pin and the soil cover bracket;

[0031] The soil covering device gasket is installed between the soil covering unit and the soil covering device bracket;

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. A new type of agricultural machinery that can increase soil pores and is suitable for black soil protection and increasing the survival rate of earthworms in the field.

[0034] 2. The use of a hose as a channel for material transportation realizes the flexible release of the earthworm complex and reduces the damage rate caused to the earthworms during the release process.

[0035] 3. The present invention integrates trenching, material feeding, soil covering and compaction, which reduces the number of work and time, and more importantly, alleviates the problem of soil compaction caused by repeated entry of agricultural machinery into the field.

[0036] 4. The trenching and material discharging element of the present invention integrates trenching and material discharging, thereby reducing the space occupied by related components and improving the space utilization rate of the whole machine.

[0037] 5. The pressing wheel of the present invention is made of soft rubber material, which can reduce the damage to the earthworms during the compaction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is the final assembly rear axonometric view of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is the general assembly axis view of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is an axonometric view of the suspension transmission system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a front axonometric view of the suspension transmission system of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a survey diagram of the geodetic system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is an exploded axonometric view of the geo-rotating element of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the power transmission gear of the rotary element of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is an axonometric view of the trenching and feeding element of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is an axonometric view of the ridge protection disc of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 It is an exploded axonometric view of the trenching and feeding element of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 It is an axonometric view of the material protection disc of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.12 It is an axonometric view of the soil covering element of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.13 It is an axonometric view of the suppression element of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.14 An exploded isometric view of a suppression element of the present invention;

[0052] In the figure: A, suspension transmission system; B, rotary system; C, trenching and feeding element; D, soil covering element; E, suppression element 1, frame; 2, soil covering element mounting hole; 3, trenching and feeding element mounting hole; 4, lower suspension point; 5, rotary input shaft protection cover; 6, upper suspension point; 7, transmission shaft assembly; 8, power transmission gear assembly; 9, rotary tiller; 10, power transmission gear upper end cover; 11, power transmission gear upper sealing cover; 12, power transmission gear shaft; 13, power transmission gear; 14, upper bearing; 15, lower bearing; 16, power transmission gear lower sealing cover ; 17. Lower end cover of power transmission gear; 18. Ditching feeder; 19. Ridge protection disc; 20. Feeding port; 21. Mounting hole of trenching knife; 22. Seed pressing wheel; 23. Seed pressing wheel bolt; 24. Mounting hole of trenching feeder element; 25. Trenching knife; 26. Mounting port of ridge protection disc and frame; 27. Position adjustment handle; 28. Disc; 29. ​​Mounting hole of covering element and frame; 30. Covering device; 31. Mounting port of suppression element and frame; 32. Mounting pin of suppressor; 33. Suppressor buckle; 34. Suppressor bracket; 35. Suppressor gasket; 36. Suppression unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 A new black soil biological farming equipment for the flexible release of earthworms, including a suspension transmission system (A), a rotary system (B), a trenching and feeding element (C), a soil covering element (D), and a suppression element (E).

[0054] The suspension transmission system (A) is a system with a three-point suspension frame as the main body. The rotary system (B) is located at the front upper part of the suspension transmission system (A) and is connected to the frame (1) by bolts. The ditching and feeding element (C) is located in the middle of the suspension transmission system (A) and is connected to the crossbeam on the frame (1) by bolts through the ditching and feeding element mounting hole (24). The ridge protection disc (19) passes through the vertical beams on both sides of the frame (1) and is fixed to both sides of the frame (1). The soil covering element (D) is fixed to the frame (1) by bolts through its reserved connection port: the soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29). The suppression element (E) is fixed to the tail of the frame (1) through the suppression element and the frame mounting port (31).

[0055] See also Figure 3 to Figure 4 , is an axonometric view of the suspension transmission system (A), including a frame (1), a soil covering element mounting hole (2), a ditching and feeding element mounting hole (3), a lower suspension point (4), a rotary input shaft protection cover (5), and an upper suspension point (6);

[0056] The frame (1) is a component welded from hollow steel pipes and is used to provide support and installation locations for the entire machine;

[0057] The soil covering element mounting hole (2) is a mounting hole for the soil covering element (D) on the frame (1);

[0058] The trenching and blanking component mounting hole (3) is a mounting hole of the trenching and blanking original component (C) on the frame;

[0059] The lower suspension point (4) is connected to the lower support rod of the tractor when the whole machine is suspended;

[0060] The rotary input shaft protection cover (5) is formed by pressing a steel plate to avoid damage to the transmission element during operation;

[0061] The upper suspension point (6) is connected to the lifting rod on the tractor when the whole machine is suspended;

[0062] See also Figures 5 and 6 , which is a schematic diagram and a vertical explosion schematic diagram of the rotary tillage system (B) of the mechanism, including a transmission shaft assembly (7), a power transmission gear assembly (8) and a rotary tiller (9);

[0063] The transmission shaft assembly (7) is installed inside the rotary input shaft protection cover (5), and the input shaft is splined to the tractor output shaft to provide power for the rotary system (B);

[0064] The power transmission gear assembly (8) is installed at the bottom of the transmission shaft assembly (7) and connected to the output shaft at the bottom of the transmission shaft assembly (7). The horizontal power is converted into vertical power through the helical gear inside the power transmission gear assembly (8). In order to transmit power to the three rotary tillers, nine power transmission gear assemblies (8) are arranged horizontally and mesh with each other. The rotary tillers are installed under the first, fifth and ninth power transmission gear assemblies (8), so as to realize the operation of the three rotary tillers at the same level.

[0065] The rotary tiller (9) is installed below the power transmission gear assembly (8) and adopts a vertical blade, which is beneficial to prevent weeds from entanglement and is more conducive to breaking the soil layer;

[0066] See also Figure 7 , which is an exploded schematic diagram of the power transmission gear assembly (8) of the device, including a power transmission gear upper end cover (10), a power transmission gear upper sealing cover (11), a power transmission gear shaft (12), a power transmission gear (13), an upper bearing (14), a lower bearing (15), a power transmission gear lower sealing cover (16) and a power transmission gear lower end cover (17);

[0067] The power transmission gear upper end cover (10) and the power transmission gear lower end cover (17) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear to fix the gear;

[0068] The power transmission gear upper sealing cover (11) and the power transmission gear lower sealing cover (16) are used to protect the bearings and prevent water from entering the bearings to affect lubrication.

[0069] The power transmission gear (13) is mounted on the power transmission gear shaft (12).

[0070] The upper bearing (14) and the lower bearing (15) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear shaft to clamp the power transmission gear (13) to ensure the normal operation of the power transmission gear (13);

[0071] See also Figures 8 to 9 , is a schematic diagram of the ditching and feeding element (C) of the device, which is composed of a ditching and feeding device (18) and a ridge protection disc (19);

[0072] The trenching and feeding device (18) is fixed to the crossbeam of the frame (1) by means of bolt connection and is used for trenching and feeding;

[0073] The ridge protection discs (19) are installed on both sides of the frame to prevent the ridges from falling down during operation;

[0074] See also Fig.10, which is an exploded schematic diagram of the trenching and feeding device (18) of the present device, including a feeding port (20), a trenching knife mounting hole (21), a pressure wheel (22), a pressure wheel bolt (23), a trenching and feeding element mounting hole (24) and a trenching knife mounting (25);

[0075] The material discharge port (20) is connected to a material pipeline for discharging the material into a pre-opened ditch;

[0076] The trenching knife installation hole (21) is used to install the trenching knife (25);

[0077] The pressing wheel (22) is used to compact the material in the ditch to facilitate the subsequent covering work;

[0078] The pressing wheel bolt (23) is used to fix the pressing wheel on the ditching and feeding element (18);

[0079] The trenching and feeding element mounting hole (24) is used to mount the trenching and feeding element (18) on the frame;

[0080] The trenching knife (25) is used to open a trench of a certain depth on the soil surface;

[0081] The pressing wheel (22) is a soft rubber wheel. Since the device is used for placing earthworm-straw complexes, the soft rubber wheel can prevent excessive pressure on the earthworms during the compaction process, thereby causing damage to the earthworms and affecting the survival rate of the earthworms.

[0082] See also Fig.11 , is a schematic diagram of the ridge protection disc (19) of the device, including the ridge protection disc and the frame mounting opening (26), the position adjustment handle (27) and the disc (28);

[0083] The ridge protection disc and the frame mounting opening (26) are located at the upper end of the side of the ridge protection disc (19) and are used to fix the device to the cross beams at both ends of the frame (1) by bolts;

[0084] The position adjustment handle (27) is used to manually adjust the vertical position of the disc (28) to adapt to different working conditions;

[0085] The disc (28) is a hemispherical disc with one side convex and the other side concave, and the convex side is close to the ridge wall, which can prevent the ridge wall from collapsing during the working process;

[0086] See also Fig.12 , is a schematic diagram of the soil covering element (C) of the device, including the soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29) and the soil covering device (30);

[0087] The soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29) are located at the upper end of the soil covering element (C) and are used to fix the soil covering element (C) to the crossbeam of the frame (1) with bolts;

[0088] The soil covering device (30) is the core component of the soil covering element (D), and is used to push back the soil on both sides of the ditch to restore the soil to its original state;

[0089] See also Figure 13 to Figure 14 , which is a schematic diagram of the suppression element of the machine, including the suppression element and the frame mounting opening (31), the suppressor mounting pin (32), the suppressor buckle (33), the suppressor bracket (34), the suppressor gasket (35) and the suppression unit (36);

[0090] The said suppressing element and the frame mounting opening (31) are used to mount the soil covering element (D) on the frame;

[0091] The said packer mounting pin (32) is connected to the packer buckle (33), so that the packer can swing within a certain range, thus avoiding damage to components due to excessive rigidity during the packing process;

[0092] The suppressor bracket (34) is used to install the suppressor unit (36) therein;

[0093] The packer gasket (35) is used to reduce the wear of the packer bracket (34) during the rotation of the packer.

[0094] Working principle of the present invention:

[0095] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The working principle of a new black soil biological tillage equipment for flexible release of earthworms is as follows. The whole machine is suspended and connected to the tractor through the upper suspension point (6) and the lower suspension point (4) on the suspension transmission system (A), and the transmission shaft assembly is connected to the output shaft of the tractor, and the output shaft power of the tractor is transmitted to the rotary tiller (9), so that it can run stably, break the soil layer, and loosen the soil. As the tractor moves forward, the trenching knife (25) is inserted into the loosened soil to open a material trench. At the same time, the material enters the material trench through the feeding port. The seed pressing wheel (22) at the rear of the trenching feeder (18) compacts the material in the trench, and then the soil cover (30) fills the soil on both sides of the trench back into the trench to cover the material. Finally, the suppression unit (36) compacts the soil surface to reduce the loss of water. At this point, the placement of the earthworm straw complex is completed.

[0096] See also Figures 3 to 14The disassembly and assembly principles of the machine's suspension transmission system (A), rotary system (B), trenching and feeding element (C), soil covering element (D), and suppression element (E) are as follows. The suspension transmission system (A) is composed of a frame (1), a soil covering element protection cover (2), an upper suspension point (6) and a lower suspension point (4). The frame (1) is the main body of the machine and various components are installed on it. The soil covering element protection cover (2) is fixed to the frame by bolts to protect the transmission shaft assembly (7). The upper suspension point (6) and the lower suspension point (4) are welded to the frame for the suspension operation of the whole machine. The rotary system (B) is composed of a transmission shaft assembly (7), a power transmission gear assembly (8) and a rotary tiller (9). The transmission shaft assembly (7) is installed at the front of the frame (1) by bolts and is connected to the output shaft of the tractor for transmitting power. The power transmission shaft assembly (8) is installed between the transmission shaft assembly (7) and the rotary tiller (9) for transmitting power. The furrowing and feeding element (C) is composed of a furrowing and feeding device (18) and a ridge protection disc (19). The feeder (18) is installed on the frame through the trenching and feeding element mounting hole (24), and plays the role of trenching, feeding and compacting materials. The ridge protection disc (19) is installed on both sides of the frame through the ridge protection disc and the frame mounting hole (29), and plays the role of preventing the ridge wall from collapsing. The soil covering element (D) is composed of a soil covering device (30) and a soil covering element and a frame mounting hole (29). It is installed on the frame crossbeam through the soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29), and pushes the soil on both sides of the trench opened back into the trench, so as to facilitate the smooth progress of the next step of suppression work. The suppression element (E) is composed of a suppressor bracket (34) and a suppression unit (36). The suppression unit (36) is installed on the suppressor bracket (34) through bolts. The suppression element (E) is installed at the rear of the frame through the suppressor bracket and the frame mounting hole (31), and the covered soil is compacted by the suppression wheel to reduce soil moisture loss.

Claims

1. A new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms, comprising a suspension transmission system (A), a rotary system (B), a ditching and feeding element (C), a soil covering element (D) and a suppression element (E); The suspension transmission system (A) is a system with a three-point suspension frame as the main body. The rotary system (B) is located at the front upper part of the suspension transmission system (A) and is connected to the frame (1) by bolts. The ditching and feeding element (C) is located in the middle of the suspension transmission system (A) and is connected to the crossbeam on the frame (1) by bolts through the ditching and feeding element mounting hole (24). The ridge protection disc (19) passes through the vertical beams on both sides of the frame (1) and is fixed to both sides of the frame (1). The soil covering element (D) is fixed to the frame (1) by bolts through its reserved connection port: the soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29). The suppression element (E) is fixed to the tail of the frame (1) through the suppression element and the frame mounting port (31).

2. The new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suspension transmission system (A) comprises a frame (1), a soil covering element mounting hole (2), a ditching and feeding element mounting hole (3), a lower suspension point (4), a rotary input shaft protection cover (5), and an upper suspension point (6); The frame (1) is a component welded from hollow steel pipes and is used to provide support and installation locations for the entire machine; The soil covering element mounting hole (2) is a mounting hole for the soil covering element (D) on the frame (1); The trenching and blanking component mounting hole (3) is a mounting hole of the trenching and blanking original component (C) on the frame; The lower suspension point (4) is connected to the lower support rod of the tractor when the whole machine is suspended; The rotary input shaft protection cover (5) is formed by pressing a steel plate; The upper suspension point (6) is connected to the lifting rod on the tractor when the whole machine is suspended.

3. The new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tillage system (B) comprises a transmission shaft assembly (7), a power transmission gear assembly (8) and a rotary tiller (9); The transmission shaft assembly (7) is installed inside the rotary input shaft protection cover (5) to provide power for the rotary system (B); The power transmission gear assembly (8) is installed at the bottom of the transmission shaft assembly (7), and converts the horizontal power into vertical power through the helical gear inside the power transmission gear assembly (8). The nine power transmission gear assemblies (8) are equipped with rotary tillers under the first, fifth and ninth power transmission gear assemblies (8); The rotary tiller (9) is installed below the power transmission gear assembly (8) and adopts a vertical blade.

4. The geothermal system (B) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power transmission gear assembly (8) comprises a power transmission gear upper end cover (10), a power transmission gear upper sealing cover (11), a power transmission gear shaft (12), a power transmission gear (13), an upper bearing (14), a lower bearing (15), a power transmission gear lower sealing cover (16) and a power transmission gear lower end cover (17); The power transmission gear upper end cover (10) and the power transmission gear lower end cover (17) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear to fix the gear; the power transmission gear upper sealing cover (11) and the power transmission gear lower sealing cover (16) are used to protect the bearing; the power transmission gear (13) is installed on the power transmission gear shaft (12); the upper bearing (14) and the lower bearing (15) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the power transmission gear shaft to clamp the power transmission gear (13).

5. The new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The furrowing and feeding element (C) comprises a furrowing and feeding element (18) and a ridge protection disc (19), and the furrowing and feeding element (18) comprises a feeding port (20), a furrowing knife mounting hole (21), a pressing wheel (22), a pressing wheel bolt (23), a furrowing and feeding element mounting hole (24), and a furrowing knife mounting (25); The material discharge port (20) is connected to a material pipeline for discharging materials into a pre-drilled ditch; the ditching knife mounting hole (21) is used to mount the ditching knife (25); the pressing wheel (22) is used to compact the materials in the ditch; the pressing wheel bolt (23) fixes the pressing wheel on the ditching and discharging element (18); the ditching and discharging element mounting hole (24) mounts the ditching and discharging element (18) on the frame; the ditching knife (25) digs a ditch of a certain depth on the soil surface.

6. The trenching and feeding element (C) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ridge protection disc (19) comprises a ridge protection disc and a frame mounting opening (26), a position adjustment handle (27) and a disc (28); The ridge protection disc and the frame mounting opening (26) are located at the upper end of the side of the ridge protection disc (19), and are used to fix the device to the cross beams at both ends of the frame (1) by bolts; the position adjustment handle (27) is used to manually adjust the vertical position of the disc (28) to adapt to different working conditions; the disc (28) is a hemispherical disc with one side convex and the other side concave, and the convex side is close to the ridge wall.

7. The new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil covering element (D) comprises a soil covering element, a frame mounting hole (29) and a soil covering device (30); The soil covering element and the frame mounting hole (29) are located at the upper end of the soil covering element (C), and the soil covering element (C) is fixed to the crossbeam of the frame (1) with bolts; the soil covering device (30) is the core component of the soil covering element (D), which pushes back the soil on both sides of the ditch to restore the soil to its original state.

8. The new black soil biological farming equipment for flexible release of earthworms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suppressing element (E) comprises a suppressing element and a frame mounting opening (31), a suppressor mounting pin (32), a suppressor buckle (33), a suppressor bracket (34), a suppressor gasket (35) and a suppressor unit (36); The said suppressing element and the frame mounting opening (31) mount the soil covering element (D) on the frame; The packer mounting pin (32) is connected to the packer buckle (33); the packer bracket (34) mounts the packer unit (36) therein.

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