Cultivation method of macrobrachium heterobrachium and macrobrachium rosenbergii

Abstract

The method comprises the following steps: collecting macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae obtained by mating wild macrobrachium macrobrachium in different places, culturing the macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae for eight months, then selecting the first ten percent of the largest individual, putting the selected macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae into a mating pond for breeding and egg carrying, culturing for seven months under the condition of monitoring the culture condition of hatching larvae, and then putting the selected macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae into the mating pond for breeding and egg carrying. The macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding method comprises the following steps: selecting out male macrobrachium rosenbergii with the weight of over 40 male grams, mating the male macrobrachium rosenbergii with female macrobrachium rosenbergii with the weight of over 50 male grams, fishing out the female macrobrachium rosenbergii with eggs, culturing the female macrobrachium rosenbergii in a hatching pond, and after the larvae are hatched, breeding the larvae in the hatching pond. The method comprises the following steps of: putting the young prawns into water, fishing and gathering the young prawns in a culture pond with the salt content of 0.012-0.015% according to the culture density that 100,000 young prawns are put into each ton of water for culture, monitoring that the young prawns grow into young prawns which can swim forwards, and transferring the young prawns into a common prawn pond for culture when the salt content of the culture pond can be reduced to be less than 0.001%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of artificial shrimp breeding, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating Macrobrachium acanthopodum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Background Art

[0002] Aquaculture plays an important role all over the world because it provides people with a rich variety of food choices and is closely related to people's daily lives. Take the shrimp farming industry in Taiwan, China as an example. Since the successful development of artificial breeding technology for grass shrimp and sand shrimp in 1969, it has begun to flourish. There are two families of freshwater shrimp native to Taiwan, China, namely Palalemonidae and Atydae. The Palalemon and Macrobrachium shrimps in the Palalemonidae have a pair of obvious large claws and are large in size. Among them, the spiny-footed Macrobrachium (commonly known as: green beard) is the largest, with a body length of more than 30 cm, and its meat is tender and delicious, rich in nutritional value, and has excellent economic value.

[0003] Currently, most of the aquaculture of spiny-footed Macrobrachium is carried out by obtaining broodstock from the wild and then artificially breeding them. However, the traditional breeding process lacks proper planning and management of aquaculture conditions. No industry has yet come up with a consistent artificial breeding method for spiny-footed Macrobrachium. Moreover, long-term artificial breeding will directly lead to the degeneration of the species, with a significant deterioration in growth rate, disease resistance, survival rate and body shape, which will seriously reduce the efficiency of artificial breeding of spiny-footed Macrobrachium.

[0004] In view of this, how to solve the above problems is the primary issue that the present invention intends to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which provides a consistent cultivation method for Macrobrachium rosenbergii through reasonable cultivation planning and control of specific cultivation conditions, which is conducive to large-scale breeding and application, and the cultivated shrimp species have significantly improved growth rate, disease resistance, survival rate and body shape compared with traditionally cultivated Macrobrachium rosenbergii, thereby greatly improving its cultivation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned purpose, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Macrobrachium spinosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A. Collect the Macrobrachium spp. fry produced by crossbreeding wild Macrobrachium spp. from two different places, and after cultivating the Macrobrachium spp. fry for eight months, select the top 10% of the largest individuals, and place them in a mating pond with a breeding ratio of 1:3 between male and female shrimps, so that they can mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps with eggs, they are collected and concentrated in the hatching pond to wait for the hatching of the larvae. After hatching, the larvae are collected and concentrated in the nursery pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature of 26 to 28℃, and the growth process of the larvae is monitored. When the larvae grow into Macrobrachium spp. that can swim normally, the salt content of the nursery pond is gradually diluted to 0.001%, and after continuing to cultivate for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium spp. weighing more than 40 grams are selected;

[0008] B. Select excellent strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry and stock them at a stocking density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of culture, separate the ponds. Each Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry weighing more than 1 gram is divided into ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 4 months of culture, select the Macrobrachium rosenbergii females weighing more than 50 grams;

[0009] C. The male Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step A and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B are placed in a mating pond for natural mating or artificial insemination, and then the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs are taken out and cultured in a hatching pond with a water temperature of 26 to 28° C. After the hybrid larvae are hatched, they are collected and concentrated in a culture pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature of 26 to 28° C. The hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimps that can swim normally, and the salt content of the culture pond is gradually diluted according to the culture time. When the salt content of the culture pond has been diluted to a salt content of less than 0.001%, they can be moved to a general shrimp pond for culture.

[0010] The above-mentioned objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood from the detailed description of the following selected embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the breeding process of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the breeding process of the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] See also Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment of the method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:

[0014] A. The juveniles of Macrobrachium spp. were collected from wild Macrobrachium spp. from Xiuguluan River, Hualien, and wild Macrobrachium spp. from Lanyang River, Yilan. After the juveniles of Macrobrachium spp. were cultured for eight months, the top 10% of the largest individuals were selected, and the selected excellent individuals were placed in a mating pond with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C at a breeding ratio of 1 (male) to 3 (female) for natural breeding. When mature female shrimps with eggs were found, they were collected and concentrated in a hatching pond with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C to wait for the hatching of the larvae. The hatched larvae were collected with fine silk mesh and concentrated in a nursery pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C for culture. The growth process of the larvae was monitored. When the larvae grew into juveniles of Macrobrachium spp. that could swim normally, the salt content of the nursery pond was diluted to 0.001%. Among them, the newly hatched larvae have not yet fully developed their body organs and have a yolk sac on their cephalothorax. At this stage, the larvae are hanging upside down in the water with their heads down and their tails up. They must be cultured in brackish water with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015%. When their body organs are fully developed into juveniles, they will swim in the water with their heads forward, which also means that the juveniles can already grow in fresh water. At this time, the salt content of the nursery pond can be gradually diluted to 0.001%. The juveniles of Macrobrachium spinosum are 3 Before the fry reaches 2.5 cm in length, they like to eat plankton (such as water fleas) and are in a planktonic state. Therefore, in order to improve their growth rate at this stage, it is necessary to cultivate a large amount of plankton bait. When the fry of the spiny-footed prawns reaches 2.5 cm in length, they can start feeding artificial bait. When the fry of the spiny-footed prawns are 5-6 cm long, they must be divided into ponds. The appropriate breeding density is about 10,000 prawns per 1,000 square meters of ponds. After continuous cultivation for more than 7 months, the male spiny-footed prawns weighing more than 40 grams can be picked out.

[0015] B. Select excellent strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry and stock them at a stocking density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, separate the ponds. Each Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry weighing more than 1 gram is divided into ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 4 months of cultivation, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams are selected.

[0016] C. The male Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step A and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B are placed in a mating pond at a male / female ratio of 1 (male): 4 to 5 (female). In this embodiment, 80 female Macrobrachium rosenbergii are placed in a 10 square meter cement pond, and then 15 to 20 male Macrobrachium rosenbergii are placed in the pond to allow natural mating. The female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs is then removed and cultured in a hatching pond at a water temperature of 26 to 28° C. When the hybrid larvae are hatched, they are collected and concentrated in a culture pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% at a stocking density of 100,000 per ton of water. The hybrid larvae are monitored as they grow into hybrid seed shrimps that can swim normally. The salt content of the culture pond is gradually diluted according to the culture time. When the salt content of the culture pond has been diluted to below 0.001%, they can be moved to a general shrimp pond and cultured in the conventional way.

[0017] The cultivation and breeding method of Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided in the first embodiment of the present invention provides a consistent cultivation method for Macrobrachium rosenbergii through reasonable cultivation planning and control of specific cultivation conditions, which is conducive to large-scale breeding and application. The shrimp species finally cultivated by the present invention have significantly improved growth rate, disease resistance, survival rate and body shape compared with traditionally cultivated Macrobrachium rosenbergii, thereby greatly improving its cultivation efficiency.

[0018] Please continue to read Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of the method for cultivating Macrobrachium spinosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention, and the second embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[0019] A. The fry of wild spiny-footed prawns collected from Hualien Xiuguluan River and Yilan Lanyang River were produced by crossbreeding. After the fry of spiny-footed prawns were cultivated for eight months, the top 10% of the largest individuals were selected and placed in a mating pond with a breeding ratio of 1 (male) to 3 (female) male to female shrimps, and the water temperature was controlled at 26 to 28℃ to allow natural breeding. When mature female shrimps with eggs were found, they were collected and concentrated in a hatching pond with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28℃ to wait for the larvae to hatch. The hatched larvae were then The juveniles are caught with a fine silk mesh and cultured in a nursery pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. The growth of the juveniles is monitored. When the juveniles grow into juveniles of spiny-footed prawns that can swim normally, the salt content of the nursery pond is diluted to 0.001%. When the juveniles are 5 to 6 cm long, they are divided into ponds. The appropriate breeding density is about 10,000 prawns per 1,000 square meters of ponds. After continuous cultivation for more than 7 months, the male spiny-footed prawns weighing more than 40 grams are picked out.

[0020] B. Select excellent strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry and stock them at a stocking density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, separate the ponds. Each Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry weighing more than 1 gram is divided into ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 4 months of cultivation, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams are selected.

[0021] C. The female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B is placed in a cement pool for cultivation. After the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii is observed every day until it sheds its shell, it is immediately removed. Then, the sperm pod of the male Macrobrachium spiculate selected in step A is taken out with a pointed tweezer and placed in the sperm sac in the middle of the fourth step leg of the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii that has shed its shell. After the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii that has completed artificial insemination every day is cultivated at a cultivation density of about ten per square meter for 20 days, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs is removed and cultivated in a water temperature condition of 26 To 28 ℃ hatching pond, and when the hybrid larvae are hatched, the stocking density is 100,000 hybrid larvae per ton of water, and they are caught and concentrated in a culture pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% for culture, and the hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimps that can swim normally. The salt content of the culture pond is gradually diluted according to the culture time. When the salt content of the culture pond has been diluted to below 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond and cultured in the conventional way.

[0022] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that artificial insemination is used for breeding in step C. However, as a whole, a consistent breeding method for Macrobrachium spinosum is provided through reasonable breeding planning and control of specific breeding conditions, which is also conducive to large-scale breeding applications. According to actual breeding tests by the inventors of this case, the shrimp species bred by the breeding and breeding method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention can also have significantly improved growth rate, disease resistance, survival rate and body size compared with traditional breeding methods, thereby greatly improving its breeding efficiency.

[0023] The disclosure of the above embodiments is only used to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Therefore, any change in numerical values ​​or replacement of equivalent elements should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In summary, it should be clear to those familiar with the art that the present invention can indeed achieve the aforementioned objectives and is in compliance with the provisions of the Patent Law, and therefore an application is filed in accordance with the law.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinulosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: A. Collect the Macrobrachium spp. fry produced by crossbreeding wild Macrobrachium spp. from two different places, and after cultivating the Macrobrachium spp. fry for eight months, select the top 10% of the largest individuals, and place them in a mating pond with a breeding ratio of 1:3 between male and female shrimps, so that they can mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps with eggs, they are collected and concentrated in the hatching pond to wait for the hatching of the larvae. After hatching, the larvae are collected and concentrated in the nursery pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature of 26 to 28℃, and the growth process of the larvae is monitored. When the larvae grow into Macrobrachium spp. that can swim normally, the salt content of the nursery pond is gradually diluted to 0.001%, and after continuing to cultivate for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium spp. weighing more than 40 grams are selected; B. Select excellent strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry and stock them at a stocking density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of culture, separate the ponds. Each Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry weighing more than 1 gram is divided into ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 4 months of culture, select the Macrobrachium rosenbergii females weighing more than 50 grams; C. The male Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step A and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B are placed in a mating pond with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28° C. at a male-female ratio of 1:4 to 5, and after natural mating, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs are taken out and cultured in a hatching pond with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28° C. After the hybrid larvae are hatched, they are collected and concentrated in a culture pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28° C. The hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimps that can swim normally, and the salt content of the culture pond is gradually diluted according to the culture time. When the salt content of the culture pond has been diluted to a salt content of less than 0.001%, they can be moved to a general shrimp pond for culture.

2. The method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, wild spiny-footed Macrobrachium larvae from Xiuguluan River in Hualien and wild spiny-footed Macrobrachium larvae from Lanyang River in Yilan are obtained by cross-breeding.

3. The method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, when the juveniles of Macrobrachium spinifex reach a length of 5-6 cm, the juveniles are cultured in ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 m2 and cultured continuously for more than 7 months, and then male Macrobrachium spinifex weighing more than 40 g are selected.

4. A method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinulosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Collect the Macrobrachium spp. fry produced by crossbreeding wild Macrobrachium spp. from two different places, and after cultivating the Macrobrachium spp. fry for eight months, select the top 10% of the largest individuals, and place them in a mating pond with a breeding ratio of 1:3 between male and female shrimps, so that they can mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps with eggs, they are collected and concentrated in the hatching pond to wait for the hatching of the larvae. After hatching, the larvae are collected and concentrated in the nursery pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature of 26 to 28℃, and the growth process of the larvae is monitored. When the larvae grow into Macrobrachium spp. that can swim normally, the salt content of the nursery pond is gradually diluted to 0.001%, and after continuing to cultivate for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium spp. weighing more than 40 grams are selected; B. Select excellent strains of Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry and stock them at a stocking density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of culture, separate the ponds. Each Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry weighing more than 1 gram is divided into ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 4 months of culture, select the Macrobrachium rosenbergii females weighing more than 50 grams; C. The female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B is placed in a cement pool, and is observed every day until the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii molts and is immediately fished out, and then the sperm pods of the male Macrobrachium spiculate selected in step A are taken out and placed in the sperm sacs of the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii that has molted, and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii that has completed artificial insemination is cultured at a culture density of about ten per square meter for 20 days, and then the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs is fished out and cultured in a hatching pond with a water temperature of 26 to 28° C. After the hybrid larvae are hatched, they are placed in a culture density of 100,000 hybrid larvae per ton of water, and are collected and concentrated in a culture pond with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% for culture, and the hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimps that can swim normally, and the salt content of the culture pond is gradually diluted according to the culture time. When the salt content of the culture pond has been diluted to a salt content of less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond for culture.

5. The method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinulosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, wild spiny-footed Macrobrachium larvae from Xiuguluan River in Hualien and wild spiny-footed Macrobrachium larvae from Lanyang River in Yilan are obtained by cross-breeding.

6. The method for cultivating and breeding Macrobrachium spinulosum and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, when the juveniles of Macrobrachium spinifex reach a length of 5-6 cm, the juveniles are cultured in ponds at a density of 10,000 per 1,000 m2 and cultured continuously for more than 7 months, and then male Macrobrachium spinifex weighing more than 40 g are selected.

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