Application of chuanxudan saponin B in aphid control and aphidicide

Abstract

The application discloses application of Chuanduan saponin B in aphid control and an aphidicide, and belongs to the field of pesticides. The application provides a new plant source pesticide with aphidicidal activity, and contributes to reducing aphid resistance and reducing the application of chemical pesticides. In addition, compared with other commercial aphidicides, the aphidicide prepared from Chuanduan saponin B has similar aphidicidal effect, has wide development prospect and application value, and is an effective and feasible new aphidicide. Meanwhile, Chuanduan saponin B is widely available and has simple preparation process, so that the cost of the aphidicide can be reduced, and the aphidicide can be popularized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of pesticides, in particular to application of dencichine B in aphid control and an aphidicide. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aphids are also called "sticky insects" and "honey insects", are major pests in agricultural production, belong to the order of Homoptera, and include the superfamily of aphids (also known as aphid superfamily, scientific name: Aphididae). Aphids suck the sap from plant tissues with a piercing-sucking mouthpart, causing the loss of plant nutrients, the inhibition of development, the appearance of abnormal growth, premature aging, and even death; the honeydew excreted by aphids covers the plant surface, directly affecting the photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration of plants; meanwhile, the honeydew is a culture medium for many plant pathogens, and easily leads to the prevalence of plant diseases; more importantly, aphids are the transmission vectors of many plant viral diseases, and the damage caused by the viral diseases transmitted by aphids even exceeds the damage caused by aphids themselves. At present, at least two hundred kinds of aphids are known to be able to transmit plant viruses, ranking first in the world in terms of transmission of viruses. Aphids also have the characteristics of short generation cycle, strong reproductive capacity and parthenogenesis, and have strong reproductive capacity. At present, the prevention and control of aphids in agriculture mainly adopts chemical control, such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, etc. However, due to the large, continuous and unreasonable use of chemical pesticides, pests have developed resistance to many pesticides. Studies have shown that aphids have very serious resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides at home and abroad, so there is a strong demand for seeking new pesticides for prevention and control.

[0003] In recent years, plant source pesticides have gradually emerged. Plant source pesticides are chemical substances produced by secondary metabolism of plants, which are used as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, and have the advantages of low toxicity, low residue, easy degradation, non-resistance, high biological activity, strong selectivity and safety to non-target organisms. Such compounds can also control harmful organisms by affecting the growth and development, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system and muscle system of insects, and the specific action modes include toxic killing, repellence, antifeeding, growth and development inhibition and attraction, etc., and the control effect is remarkable. For example, azadirachtin in neem tree has a killing and repelling effect on almost all pests. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new plant source aphidicide. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide application of dencichine B in aphid control and an aphidicide.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following scheme:

[0006] The application discloses application of dencichine B in aphid control.

[0007] Further, the aphid is cotton aphid.

[0008] Further, the application of the chuanxudao saponin B in preparing aphidicide can be prepared into common pesticide reagent types such as liquid agent, suspension agent, powder agent and the like.

[0009] Further, the raw material of the aphidicide includes chuanxudao saponin B and auxiliary materials.

[0010] Further, the auxiliary materials include solvent, solubilizer and emulsifier.

[0011] Further, the aphidicide includes the following mass parts of raw materials: chuanxudao saponin B 15-25 parts, solvent 30-50 parts, solubilizer 30 parts, emulsifier 5-15 parts.

[0012] Further, the solvent is selected from N-methyl pyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is pine oil; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween. The Span can be selected from one of Span 60 and Span 80, and the Tween can be selected from one of Tween 85, Tween 20, Tween 60 and Tween 80.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] The present application provides a new plant source pesticide with aphidicidal activity, which contributes to reducing aphid resistance and reducing the application of chemical pesticides. In addition, the aphidicide prepared from chuanxudao saponin B has similar aphidicidal effect compared with other commercial aphidicides, has broad development prospect and application value, and is an effective and feasible new aphidicide. At the same time, chuanxudao saponin B is widely available and has simple preparation process, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of aphidicide and promoting the aphidicide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is the chemical structural formula of chuanxudao saponin B;

[0016] Figure 2 is the pot culture prevention effect experiment graph of the experimental group;

[0017] Figure 3 is the pot culture prevention effect experiment graph of the blank group.

[0018] DETAILED EMBODIMENT

[0019] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with embodiments and drawings:

[0020] The molecular formula of chuanxudao saponin B referred to in the present application is C 53 H 86 O 22 , and the chemical structural formula is shown in Figure 1 .

[0021] Experiment 1: Touching killing activity experiment of Chuanxudan saponin B on aphids

[0022] (1) Leaf disc preparation: Select cotton leaves with uniform growth and use a puncher to prepare leaf discs. Place cotton pads in a clean culture dish, wet them with reverse osmosis water (RO water), and then place three clean cotton leaves in each culture dish. The leaf disc preparation is successful;

[0023] (2) Aphid cultivation: Choose 50 cotton aphid larvae per leaf, and place three leaves in each leaf disc. Place the leaf disc in a culture room (25°C and 60% relative humidity) for 4 days to ensure that the total number of surviving cotton aphid larvae is ≥100;

[0024] (3) Pesticide preparation:

[0025] The original drugs are Chuanxudan saponin B and pymetrozine;

[0026] Weigh 40 mg of Tween-80, add 40 ml of RO water, and stir and shake uniformly to prepare a 1 mg / ml Tween solution;

[0027] Weigh 20 mg of the original drug + 20 mg of Tween-80 + 300 ul of acetone + 10 ml of Tween solution, stir and shake for 3 min, and prepare a 2 mg / ml pesticide solution;

[0028] Take 5 ml of the prepared 2 mg / ml pesticide solution in another beaker, add 5 ml of Tween solution, stir uniformly, and prepare a 1 mg / ml pesticide solution. Follow the above operation and then dilute 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, and 0.0625 mg / ml pesticide solutions in turn;

[0029] (4) Feeding and observation: Immerse the cultivated aphid leaves in each prepared pesticide solution for 5 s and record the number of surviving insects. Prepare a 1 mg / ml Tween solution as a control treatment group (CK) and cultivate under the above artificial climate growth conditions;

[0030] (5) Data recording and analysis: Observe and record the number of surviving aphids after 72 h of cultivation. Observe the aphids under a microscope, and aphids that show immobility or irregular tremors of the legs are considered dead. Calculate the mortality rate (%) and the toxicity regression equation. The obtained data are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Table 1: Touching killing activity (mortality rate %) of Chuanxudan saponin B and pymetrozine in the laboratory

[0032]

[0033] Table 2: Toxicity regression equation

[0034]

[0035] Analysis of the results of Table 1 shows that Chuanxudan saponin B has significant contact toxicity to aphids, and the mortality of aphids is greater than 50% when the concentration is greater than 0.2 mg / ml.

[0036] Example 1: Preparation of aphidicide I

[0037] 15 g of Chuanxudan saponin B is dissolved in 30 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and then 30 g of turpentine oil and 5 g of Tween 80 are added to uniformly disperse to obtain the aphidicide.

[0038] Example 2: Preparation of aphidicide II

[0039] 20 g of Chuanxudan saponin B is dissolved in 40 g of acetone, and then 30 g of turpentine oil and 10 g of Tween 60 are added to uniformly disperse to obtain the aphidicide.

[0040] Example 3: Preparation of aphidicide III

[0041] 25 g of Chuanxudan saponin B is dissolved in 50 g of acetone, and then 30 g of turpentine oil and 15 g of Span 80 are added to uniformly disperse to obtain the aphidicide.

[0042] Experiment 2: Pot experiment

[0043] 100 mature and active cotton aphids are placed on each tobacco pot, and the aphidicide prepared in Example 1 is used for the pot experiment of cotton aphids as the experimental group; a control group (not containing Chuanxudan saponin B, containing N-methylpyrrolidone, turpentine oil and Tween-80 at the same concentration) and a blank group (without spraying) are set, each group has 3 repeats, the spraying is performed once a day, the whole plant of the tobacco pot with aphid damage is sprayed each time, the aphid situation on the pot is observed after 7 days, the mortality is counted, and the data obtained are shown in Table 3.

[0044] Table 3

[0045] Average mortality (%) Experimental group 85.3 Control group 0 Blank 0

[0046] Analysis of the data in Table 3 shows that the aphidicide prepared in the application has good insecticidal effect on cotton aphids.

[0047] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application but not limit the application. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the application, and all of them should be covered in the scope of the claims of the application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the application are all known technologies.

Claims

1. Use of chikusetsu-saponin B in the control of aphids, characterized in that, The aphid is cotton aphid, and the control is contact killing.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application of the d-sanguisdrax ethica saponin B in preparing aphidicide.

3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raw material of the aphidicide comprises d-sanguisdrax ethica saponin B and its auxiliary material.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary material comprises solvent, solubilizer and emulsifier.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aphidicide comprises the following mass parts of raw material: d-sanguisdrax ethica saponin B 15-25 parts, solvent 30-50 parts, solubilizer 30 parts, emulsifier 5-15 parts.

6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solvent is selected from N-methyl pyrrolidone or acetone; the solubilizer is pine oil; and the emulsifier is Span or Tween.

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