Tobacco leaf surface spraying composition and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tobacco leaf surface spraying composition and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 0.50 percent to 1.00 percent of lycopene, 0.06 percent to 0.10 percent of phosphoenolpyruvic acid and the balance of water. According to the method, the lycopene and the phosphoenolpyruvic acid with specific contents are sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the tobacco leaves, so that the content of key volatile metabolites closely related to the sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco in the fresh and sweet flavor type flue-cured tobacco can be increased, the sensory quality of the fresh and sweet flavor type flue-cured tobacco is improved, and the fresh and sweet flavor type of the flue-cured tobacco is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and more specifically to a tobacco leaf surface spraying composition and application thereof. Background Art

[0004] In order to improve the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves, the prior art "The Effect of Spraying Brassinolide and Indoleacetic Acid on the Content of Plastid Pigments and Their Degradation Products of Flue-cured Tobacco after Topping" starts with plant growth regulators, spraying exogenous hormones such as brassinolide and indoleacetic acid to increase the content of plastid pigments and their degradation products of flue-cured tobacco leaves, and increase the aroma of tobacco leaves. However, this prior art is aimed at improving the aroma quality and aroma quality of strong-flavor flue-cured tobacco, and is not suitable for flue-cured tobacco with a sweet aroma style. If the hormones suitable for improving the aroma of strong-flavor flue-cured tobacco are transferred to flue-cured tobacco with a sweet aroma style, it may lead to a change in the style of tobacco leaves, thereby weakening or losing the aroma characteristics of the tobacco producing area itself, which is not conducive to the rational use of tobacco raw materials by industrial enterprises.

[0005] At present, there is no report on tobacco leaf spraying agents for improving the sensory quality of sweet and fragrant flue-cured tobacco. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing sweet-flavor style flue-cured tobacco, which need to be further improved in terms of sweet-flavor style and sensory quality, and to provide a tobacco leaf surface spraying composition that can enhance the sweet-flavor style of the sweet-flavor style flue-cured tobacco and improve the sensory quality of the sweet-flavor style flue-cured tobacco.

[0007] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A composition for spraying tobacco leaves, comprising the following components by weight percentage:

[0009] Lycopene 0.50%~1.00%,

[0010] Phosphoenolpyruvic acid 0.06%~0.10%,

[0011] Water balance to 100%.

[0012] The inventors have found that the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco is affected by many factors, among which volatile metabolites are the key factors that determine the aroma and flavor characteristics of tobacco leaves. Volatile metabolites in tobacco leaves usually have unique aroma characteristics, such as floral, fruity and woody, which are the key to determining the aroma and flavor of tobacco leaves. Moreover, during the burning process of cigarettes, these metabolites can directly enter the nasal cavity with the smoke, giving the smoke a unique aroma. The volatile metabolites in tobacco leaves are mainly carotenoid degradation products and phenylalanine metabolites.

[0013] Lycopene is a carotenoid. Under the action of lycopene cyclase, lycopene can be converted into β-carotene through cyclization reaction. β-carotene will degrade to produce important aroma substances such as β-damascenone, dihydroactinol and β-cyclocitral during the ripening and curing of tobacco leaves. These aroma substances have low aroma threshold, good aroma quality, and have the effect of mellowing smoke and reducing irritation, which has a great impact on the sensory quality of tobacco leaves. The aroma components (such as 4-oxoisophorone, 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-one, menthol, nerolidol, linalool, citral, geranyl acetone, isophorone, ionone, etc.) converted from the degradation of tobacco plastid pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids) account for about 90% of the total amount of neutral aroma substances, which has a great impact on the composition and content of tobacco aroma substances. In addition, lycopene can remove the active oxygen produced by plant photosynthesis, protect chloroplasts from oxidative damage, and maintain the normal progress of photosynthesis. In addition, lycopene can enhance the plant's resistance to adversity and improve the plant's ability to adapt and recover.

[0014] Phosphoenolpyruvate is also a key substrate for the synthesis of phenylalanine. In the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, phenylalanine can generate important aroma substances of flue-cured tobacco such as benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate and phenylacetaldehyde through a series of reactions such as degradation, oxidation and deamination. These aroma substances have a significant contribution to the formation of a good aroma of flue-cured tobacco. For example, benzyl alcohol has a floral aroma and has the effect of calming the smoke, benzaldehyde has a cherry aroma, and methyl phenylacetate has a floral and honey aroma. Moreover, phosphoenolpyruvate is a key intermediate in the glycolysis pathway, which generates pyruvate and ATP through enzymatic reactions, providing plants with the energy needed for growth and metabolism. In addition, phosphoenolpyruvate also participates in the primary carbon fixation reaction, combines with CO2 to generate oxaloacetate, reduces photorespiration, and ensures efficient photosynthesis.

[0015] The present invention can promote the degradation of carotenoids and increase the phenylalanine content of tobacco leaves by spraying specific amounts of lycopene and phosphoenolpyruvic acid on tobacco leaf surfaces, thereby increasing the content of carotenoid degradation products and the content of phenylalanine metabolites. The contents of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products are closely related to the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco with a sweet and fragrant style. Therefore, the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco with a sweet and fragrant style can be improved and the sweet and fragrant style of flue-cured tobacco can be strengthened.

[0016] In the present invention, the lycopene may be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% or 1%.

[0017] In the present invention, the content of phosphoenolpyruvic acid may be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09% or 0.1%.

[0018] Preferably, the composition for spraying on tobacco leaves also contains 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate.

[0019] As an exogenous signal molecule, methyl jasmonate can induce the enhancement of the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, polyphenol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in plants after entering plant cells, and promote the synthesis of volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites in plants. At the same time, methyl jasmonate is one of the key signal molecules in the plant defense system, which can regulate the plant defense system, help plants resist pathogens, insect invasion and other biological stresses, and participate in stress resistance reactions such as drought, salt stress and low temperature.

[0020] Moreover, methyl jasmonate is beneficial to increase the content of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products in flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0021] In the present invention, the content of methyl jasmonate may be 0.01%, 0.015%, 0.02%, 0.025% or 0.03%.

[0022] Preferably, the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition further contains 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan.

[0023] Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide extracted from chitin cellulose, which has a strong bactericidal effect and can inhibit the growth of a variety of bacteria and fungi. In addition, the application of chitosan can enhance the activity of plant antioxidant enzymes and improve the resistance of crops to abiotic stresses such as drought, flood, salinity and cold.

[0024] Moreover, chitosan is beneficial to increase the content of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products in flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0025] In the present invention, the chitosan may be 0.025%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07% or 0.075%.

[0026] Preferably, the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition further contains 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin.

[0027] The tobacco leaf surface is covered with a wax layer and a cuticle. Foliar fertilizers, pesticides and other sprays cannot wet the tobacco leaf surface well, which affects their absorption efficiency. Tea saponin, as a natural surfactant, can improve the wettability of the spray solution on the tobacco leaf, and can also effectively reduce the surface tension of the aqueous solution, making it easier for the spray solution to form a film on the tobacco leaf surface, increasing the contact area with the tobacco leaf, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the spray solution. In addition, tea saponin also has certain emulsifying properties, which can help some organic substances form stable emulsions in water, improving the availability and stability of these substances.

[0028] Moreover, tea saponins are beneficial to increasing the content of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products in flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0029] In the present invention, the tea saponin may be 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5%.

[0030] Preferably, the composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.50% to 1.00% lycopene, 0.06% to 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate, 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan, 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water up to 100%.

[0031] More preferably, the composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.50% to 0.8% lycopene, 0.06% to 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate, 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan, 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water up to 100%.

[0032] More preferably, the invention comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.60% to 0.8% lycopene, 0.08% to 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate, 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan, 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water up to 100%.

[0033] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the composition for spraying tobacco leaf surfaces in sweet and fragrant flue-cured tobacco leaves.

[0034] Preferably, the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition described in any one of the above items is sprayed on the tobacco leaves after topping.

[0035] Preferably, the spraying frequency is 2 times.

[0036] Preferably, the first spraying time is the 5th day after topping, and the second spraying time is the 10th day after topping.

[0037] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the composition for spraying tobacco leaf surfaces in improving the quality of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco.

[0038] The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition of the present invention is particularly suitable for Liangshan flue-cured tobacco, can improve the sensory quality of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco, and strengthen the sweet fragrance style of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The invention discloses a tobacco leaf spraying composition. By spraying lycopene and phosphoenolpyruvic acid with specific contents on the tobacco leaf surfaces, the content of key volatile metabolites in sweet and fragrant flue-cured tobacco, which are closely related to the sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco, can be increased, the sensory quality of the sweet and fragrant flue-cured tobacco can be improved, and the sweet and fragrant style of the flue-cured tobacco can be strengthened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a picture of the appearance of the tobacco leaves after spraying the composition on the tobacco leaves of Comparative Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and reagents used in the embodiments of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw materials and reagents.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0045] A field plot test was carried out in Huili tobacco area, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. On the 5th and 10th day after topping, the above tobacco leaf spray composition was sprayed on the front and back of the tobacco leaves with a spray pot, the dosage was 50L / mu, and the number of sprayings was 2 times. Three repetitions were set, with 200 tobacco plants in each repetition, and the test plot adopted a randomized block design. The test variety was Yunyan 87, and the field cultivation measures of the test plot were all carried out according to the Liangshan Prefecture tobacco production technology plan.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0048] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0051] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, and the balance is water.

[0054] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, and the balance is water.

[0057] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0058] Example 6

[0059] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.50% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0060] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 1.00% lycopene, 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0063] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0064] Example 8

[0065] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.06% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0066] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] A field plot experiment was conducted in Huili tobacco area of ​​Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. On the 5th and 10th days after topping, water was sprayed on the front and back of tobacco leaves with a spray bottle as a control, with a dosage of 50L / mu and a total of 2 spraying times.

[0069] The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] A tobacco leaf spraying composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.75% lycopene, 0.15% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.025% methyl jasmonate, 0.05% chitosan, 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water.

[0072] Use according to the method of Example 1.

[0073] Results

[0074] Sampling was carried out in Huili Tobacco Planting Market, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The grade of flue-cured tobacco samples was C3F, and the grade of samples was determined by graders in accordance with the flue-cured tobacco grading standard GB / T 2635-1992. The size of a single sample was 10kg.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the tobacco leaves sprayed with the composition in Comparative Example 2 had severe spot disease on their leaf surfaces, which affected the normal growth of the tobacco leaves, so the following test was not performed.

[0076] The graders analyzed the sensory quality index scores of the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco sprayed with the composition of Examples 1 to 8 and the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco sprayed with water of Comparative Example 1, with a full score of 9. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1: Differences in sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] From the analysis of Table 1, it can be seen that the total sensory quality scores of the flue-cured tobacco of the embodiment are higher than those of the comparative example 1, and the total sensory quality score of the flue-cured tobacco of the embodiment increases by 4.90% to 13.63%, indicating that the sensory quality of the flue-cured tobacco of the embodiment is significantly improved. From the sensory quality scores of each embodiment, it can be seen that the total sensory quality score of the flue-cured tobacco of embodiment 1 is the highest, so the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition of embodiment 1 has the best ratio.

[0081] The Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with the composition of Examples 1 to 8 and the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with water of Comparative Example 1 were subjected to determination of the content of phenylalanine metabolism and carotenoid degradation products, and the determination method was as follows:

[0082] After grinding the samples in liquid nitrogen, vortex mixing was performed to mix them evenly. 500 mg of each sample was weighed and placed in a headspace sample bottle. 2 mL of saturated NaCl solution and 10 μL of 3-hexanone internal standard solution (50 μg / mL) were added respectively. The samples were extracted using the fully automated headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method, and the extract was used for GC-MS analysis. Analysis conditions:

[0083] (1) HS-SPME conditions: The sample was shaken at 60°C for 5 min, and the 120 μm DVB / CWR / PDMS extraction head was inserted into the sample headspace bottle. The headspace extraction was performed for 15 min, and the sample was analyzed at 250°C for 5 min. Then, GC-MS separation and identification were performed.

[0084] (2) GC conditions: Inlet temperature: 250°C; Split mode: splitless; Carrier gas: helium (≥99.999%); Carrier gas flow rate: constant flow, 1.2 mL / min; Solvent delay: 3.5 min.

[0085] (3) Heating program: 40℃ (3.5min) 10℃ / min 100℃ 7℃ / min 180℃ 25℃ / min 280℃ (5min).

[0086] (4) Mass spectrometry conditions. Ion source: electron impact (EI) source; electron energy: 70 eV; ion source temperature: 230 °C; quadrupole temperature: 150 °C; mass spectrometry interface temperature: 280 °C; scanning mode: selected ion detection mode (SIM), precise scanning of qualitative and quantitative ions.

[0087] The results of the determination of phenylalanine metabolites of the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with the composition of Examples 1 to 8 and the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with water of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 2 Differences in phenylalanine metabolites in Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1 (μg / kg)

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] The carotenoid degradation product content was measured on the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with the composition of Examples 1 to 8 and the Liangshan flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with water of Comparative Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0092] Table 3 Differences in carotenoid degradation products of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1 (μg / kg)

[0093]

[0094] It can be seen from Tables 2 and 3 that the contents of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products of the flue-cured tobacco of Example 1 are higher than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the foliar spraying compositions of the Examples are beneficial to increasing the contents of phenylalanine metabolites and carotenoid degradation products of Sichuan Liangshan flue-cured tobacco, and are beneficial to increasing the overall aroma substance content of flue-cured tobacco and improving the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco.

[0095] By spraying the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition of the present invention, the contents of carotenoid degradation products and phenylalanine metabolites in the tobacco leaves of Example 1 are significantly improved compared with those in Comparative Example 1, and the total score of the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco is also significantly improved, thereby improving the flavor of Liangshan tobacco leaves.

[0096] It can be seen from the various examples that the tobacco leaves of Example 1 have higher contents of carotenoid degradation products and phenylalanine metabolites and the best sensory quality performance, so the foliar spraying composition of Example 1 has the best ratio.

[0097] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition for spraying tobacco leaves, characterized in that: By weight percentage, it includes the following components: Lycopene 0.50%~1.00%, Phosphoenolpyruvic acid 0.06%~0.10%, Water balance to 100%.

2. The composition for spraying tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition also contains 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate.

3. The composition for spraying tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition also contains 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan.

4. The composition for spraying tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition also contains 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin.

5. The composition for spraying tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.50% to 1.00% lycopene, 0.06% to 0.10% phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 0.01% to 0.03% methyl jasmonate, 0.025% to 0.075% chitosan, 0.30% to 0.50% tea saponin, and the balance is water up to 100%.

6. Use of the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in sweet and fragrant flue-cured tobacco leaves.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The tobacco leaf surface spraying composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is sprayed on the tobacco leaves after topping.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The spraying frequency is 2 times.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The first spraying time is the 5th day after topping, and the second spraying time is the 10th day after topping.

10. Use of the tobacco leaf surface spraying composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in improving the quality of Liangshan flue-cured tobacco.

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