Carbon dioxide capture equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, in particular to carbon dioxide capture equipment, and aims to solve the problem that existing carbon dioxide capture equipment is low in capture efficiency. In order to achieve the purpose, the carbon dioxide trapping equipment comprises a capacitive adsorption device and a gas separation device, the capacitive adsorption device comprises a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies connected in series, an electrolyte is adsorbed on a diaphragm of each membrane electrode assembly, and a positive plate and a negative plate are attached and fixed to the two faces of each diaphragm correspondingly; the positive waste gas channel and the negative waste gas channel are respectively communicated with a waste gas source and a gas separation device, so that waste gas can flow through the adsorption surfaces of the positive plates and the negative plates, and all the positive plates or all the negative plates can simultaneously adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide when the capacitive adsorption device is charged and discharged; and the low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas or the high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas enters the gas separation device to be shunted, so that the capture efficiency of the carbon dioxide is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, and specifically provides a carbon dioxide capture device. Background Art

[0002] The most mature carbon dioxide separation technologies currently used mainly include amine washing process and carbon dioxide separation technology using electricity as a driving force. Among them, the carbon dioxide capture technology uses the amine washing process, which consumes a lot of energy to release carbon dioxide. At the same time, the process also has disadvantages such as amines are difficult to degrade and equipment is easily corroded.

[0003] The supercapacitor voltage swing adsorption technology realizes the selective reversible adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide through the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor of the activated carbon electrode. It can efficiently capture and separate carbon dioxide at room temperature and pressure, and is suitable for mixed gases of various concentrations, with high flexibility and adaptability.

[0004] However, the capture efficiency of existing carbon dioxide capture equipment using supercapacitor voltage swing adsorption technology still needs to be improved.

[0005] Therefore, this field needs a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, the problem that the capture efficiency of the existing carbon dioxide capture equipment using supercapacitor voltage swing adsorption technology still needs to be improved.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture device, the carbon dioxide capture device includes a capacitive adsorption device, the capacitive adsorption device includes: a membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, the diaphragm is adsorbed with the electrolyte and is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the two sides of the diaphragm are respectively bonded and fixed to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, so that the electrolyte can wet the bonding surface of the positive electrode sheet and the bonding surface of the negative electrode sheet, the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet are both located on the side away from the diaphragm so as to contact with carbon dioxide; a power source, the two poles of the power source are respectively bonded to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet The electrode sheets are electrically connected, and can charge the membrane electrode assembly so that the negative electrode sheet adsorbs carbon dioxide and the positive electrode sheet desorbs carbon dioxide, and can discharge the membrane electrode assembly so that the positive electrode sheet adsorbs carbon dioxide and the negative electrode sheet desorbs carbon dioxide; a positive electrode exhaust gas channel, wherein the two ends of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas collecting device, and the positive electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet; a negative electrode exhaust gas channel, wherein the two ends of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas collecting device, and the negative electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet.

[0008] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the capacitor adsorption device also includes a positive plate and a negative plate, the positive plate and the negative plate are electrically connected to the two poles of the power supply respectively, a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies are provided, and a plurality of the membrane electrode assemblies are arranged in series between the positive plate and the negative plate, the capacitor adsorption device also includes a plurality of double-sided plates, each of which is arranged between two adjacent membrane electrode assemblies, and the inner side surface of the positive plate and the inner side surface of the negative plate are both provided with guide grooves, the inner side surface of the positive plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive plate to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the inner side surface of the negative plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative plate to form a negative electrode flow channel, and the double-sided plate includes a positive surface and a negative electrode surface, the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are both provided with guide grooves, the positive electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the negative electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode flow channel, a plurality of the positive electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and a plurality of the negative electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form the negative electrode exhaust gas channel, a first through hole and a second through hole are provided on the positive electrode plate, and a third through hole and a fourth through hole are provided on the negative electrode plate, the first through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and the third through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel; the second through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel, and the fourth through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel.

[0009] In the preferred technical scheme of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the capacitor adsorption device also includes a positive plate and a negative plate respectively arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively electrically connected to the two poles of the power supply, and the inner side surface of the positive plate and the inner side surface of the negative plate are both provided with guide grooves, the inner side surface of the positive plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and the inner side surface of the negative plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode exhaust gas channel, the positive plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the negative plate is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole, the first through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the third through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the second through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel, and the fourth through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel.

[0010] In a preferred technical solution of the above carbon dioxide capture device, the membrane electrode assembly further comprises a fixing frame, and the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm and the negative electrode sheet are all sealed and fixed in the fixing frame.

[0011] In a preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture device, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are both configured as porous activated carbon, and / or the diaphragm is configured as filter paper.

[0012] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the shape of the guide groove is set to be a single guide groove structure or a parallel multi-guide groove structure.

[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, corresponding positions on the positive plate, the negative plate and the double-sided plate are provided with mounting holes, and the mounting holes can cooperate with the connecting components to be connected and fixed, and / or, the positive plate is provided with a positive electrode ear, and the negative plate is provided with a negative electrode ear, the positive electrode ear is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the negative electrode ear is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply.

[0014] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the carbon dioxide capture equipment also includes a gas separation device, which is located between the capacitive adsorption device and the gas collection device and can separate high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas from low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas.

[0015] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the gas separation device includes a first electrically controlled valve, a second electrically controlled valve, a first concentrated gas pipeline, a first dilution gas pipeline, a second concentrated gas pipeline, a second dilution gas pipeline, a concentrated gas main pipe and a dilution gas main pipe, the air inlet of the first electrically controlled valve is connected to the third through hole, the first air outlet and the second air outlet of the first electrically controlled valve are respectively connected to the air inlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the air inlet of the first dilution gas pipeline, the air inlet of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the fourth through hole, the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet of the second electrically controlled valve are respectively connected to the air inlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline and the second dilution gas pipeline. The air inlets of the first and second concentrated gas pipelines are connected, the air outlets of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the second concentrated gas pipeline are connected to the air inlet of the concentrated gas main pipe, the air outlets of the first dilution gas pipeline and the second dilution gas pipeline are connected to the air inlet of the dilution gas main pipe, the air outlets of the concentrated gas main pipe and the dilution gas main pipe are connected to the gas collecting device, and the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve can simultaneously close the first dilution gas pipeline and the second concentrated gas pipeline during the charging process of the membrane electrode assembly, and simultaneously close the first concentrated gas pipeline and the second dilution gas pipeline during the discharging process of the membrane electrode assembly.

[0016] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture equipment, the first end of the first electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the second end of the first electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the first end of the second electrically controlled valve, and the second end of the second electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, so that the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve are connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitive adsorption device, so as to realize the same frequency control of the capacitive adsorption device and the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve.

[0017] In the case of adopting the above technical solution, the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention includes a capacitive adsorption device, which includes: a membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, the diaphragm is adsorbed with the electrolyte and is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the two sides of the diaphragm are respectively bonded and fixed to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, so that the electrolyte can wet the bonding surface of the positive electrode sheet and the bonding surface of the negative electrode sheet, and the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet are both located on the side away from the diaphragm so as to contact with carbon dioxide; a power supply, the two poles of the power supply are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, The membrane electrode assembly can be charged to make the negative electrode sheet adsorb carbon dioxide and the positive electrode sheet desorb carbon dioxide, and the membrane electrode assembly can be discharged to make the positive electrode sheet adsorb carbon dioxide and the negative electrode sheet desorb carbon dioxide; the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the two ends of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas collection device, the positive electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet; the negative electrode exhaust gas channel, the two ends of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas collection device, the negative electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet. Through such a setting, during the charging and discharging process of the capacitor adsorption device, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet always keep one of them in the adsorption state of carbon dioxide and the other in the desorption state of carbon dioxide. Compared with the prior art, the positive electrode sheet can also be fully utilized, so that it participates in the adsorption and desorption process of carbon dioxide, and effectively improves the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0018] Furthermore, the capacitor adsorption device of the present invention also includes a positive plate and a negative plate, the positive plate and the negative plate are electrically connected to the two poles of the power supply respectively, a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies are provided, and the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies are arranged in series between the positive plate and the negative plate, the capacitor adsorption device also includes a plurality of double-sided plates, each of which is arranged between two adjacent membrane electrode assemblies, and the inner side surface of the positive plate and the inner side surface of the negative plate are both provided with guide grooves, the inner side surface of the positive plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive plate to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the inner side surface of the negative plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative plate to form a negative electrode flow channel, and the double-sided plate includes a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface. The positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are both provided with guide grooves, the positive electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the negative electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode flow channel. Multiple positive electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form a positive electrode exhaust channel, and multiple negative electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form a negative electrode exhaust channel. The positive plate is provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, and the negative plate is provided with a third via hole and a fourth via hole. The first via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive electrode exhaust channel, and the third via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive electrode exhaust channel; the second via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative electrode exhaust channel, and the fourth via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative electrode exhaust channel. Through such a setting, on the one hand, multiple groups of membrane electrode assemblies can work synchronously under the action of power supply, thereby improving the ability to capture carbon dioxide; on the other hand, the flow channel structure composed of the guide grooves on the positive and negative plates and the adsorption surfaces of the positive and negative electrode sheets can make the exhaust gas fully contact with the adsorption surfaces of the positive and negative electrode sheets, which helps to improve the adsorption and desorption efficiency of the positive and negative electrode sheets for carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas.

[0019] Furthermore, the capacitor adsorption device of the present invention also includes a positive plate and a negative plate respectively arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively electrically connected to the two poles of the power supply, the inner side surface of the positive plate and the inner side surface of the negative plate are both provided with a guide groove, the inner side surface of the positive plate is sealed with the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the inner side surface of the negative plate is sealed with the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode exhaust gas channel, the positive plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the negative plate is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole, the first through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the third through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, the second through hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel, and the fourth through hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative electrode exhaust gas channel. Through such a setting, an implementation method of a capacitor adsorption device is provided, which helps to simplify the equipment structure, control costs, and improve the reliability of the equipment.

[0020] Furthermore, the membrane electrode assembly of the present invention further comprises a fixing frame, in which the positive electrode sheet, the diaphragm and the negative electrode sheet are all sealed and fixed. Through such an arrangement, the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the diaphragm can be sealed and fixed, ensuring close contact between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the adjacent electrode plates, thereby ensuring the sealing of the positive electrode flow channel and the negative electrode flow channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the shape of the guide groove of the present invention is set to a single guide groove structure or a parallel multi-guide groove structure. Through such a setting, a variety of guide groove structure schemes are provided, so that the flow channel can be evenly distributed on the adsorption surface of the pole piece, increasing the contact area between the exhaust gas and the adsorption surface, and improving the adsorption and desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0022] Furthermore, the positive plate, negative plate and double-sided plate of the present invention are all provided with mounting holes at corresponding positions, and the mounting holes can cooperate with the connecting components for connection and fixing, and / or, the positive plate is provided with a positive electrode ear, and the negative plate is provided with a negative electrode ear, and the positive electrode ear is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power source, and the negative electrode ear is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power source. Through such a setting, on the one hand, the fixing strength of each component in the membrane electrode assembly is guaranteed, the stability of the membrane electrode assembly is improved, and the rapid disassembly and assembly of the membrane electrode assembly is facilitated; on the other hand, the electrical connection between the power source and the positive plate and the negative plate is facilitated.

[0023] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention further comprises a gas separation device, which is located between the capacitive adsorption device and the gas collection device and can separate the high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas from the low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas. Through such an arrangement, the high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas and the low-concentration carbon dioxide gas can be diverted to achieve classified collection and treatment.

[0024] Furthermore, the gas separation device of the present invention comprises a first electrically controlled valve, a second electrically controlled valve, a first concentrated gas pipeline, a first dilution gas pipeline, a second concentrated gas pipeline, a second dilution gas pipeline, a concentrated gas main pipe and a dilution gas main pipe, the air inlet of the first electrically controlled valve is connected to the third through hole, the first air outlet and the second air outlet of the first electrically controlled valve are respectively connected to the air inlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the air inlet of the first dilution gas pipeline, the air inlet of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the fourth through hole, the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet of the second electrically controlled valve are respectively connected to the air inlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline and the air inlet of the second dilution gas pipeline The air inlet of the body pipeline is connected, the air outlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the air outlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline are connected to the air inlet of the concentrated gas main pipe, the air outlet of the first dilution gas pipeline and the air outlet of the second dilution gas pipeline are connected to the air inlet of the dilution gas main pipe, the air outlet of the concentrated gas main pipe and the air outlet of the dilution gas main pipe are connected to the gas collection device, and the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve can simultaneously close the first dilution gas pipeline and the second concentrated gas pipeline during the charging process of the membrane electrode assembly, and simultaneously close the first concentrated gas pipeline and the second dilution gas pipeline during the discharging process of the membrane electrode assembly. Through such a setting, the control of the first electric control valve and the second electric control valve is operated at the same frequency as the charging and discharging process of the capacitor adsorption device, and the mixed gas treated by the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet can be diverted according to the concentration of carbon dioxide, so that the low-concentration gas treated by the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet all enters the dilution gas main pipe, and the high-concentration gas treated by the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet all enters the concentrated gas main pipe.

[0025] Furthermore, the first end of the first electrically controlled valve of the present invention is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the second end of the first electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the first end of the second electrically controlled valve, and the second end of the second electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, so that the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve are connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitor adsorption device, so as to realize the same-frequency control of the capacitor adsorption device and the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve. By optimizing the circuit structure, the capacitor adsorption device and the gas separation device can share a power supply, which is convenient for unified control, and the same-frequency operation of the two is realized, while simplifying the circuit structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The structure of the capacitor adsorption device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 3 The structure of the capacitor adsorption device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a membrane electrode assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 The structure of the double-sided plate of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 The structure of the double-sided plate of the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gas separation device of the present invention.

[0034] List of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Capacitor adsorption device; 11. Membrane electrode assembly; 111. Positive electrode sheet; 112. Negative electrode sheet; 113. Diaphragm; 114. Fixing frame; 12. Power supply; 131. Positive electrode plate; 1311. First through hole; 1312. Second through hole; 132. Negative electrode plate; 1323. Third through hole; 1324. Fourth through hole; 133. Double-sided electrode plate; 134. Guide groove; 2. Gas separation device; 21. First electrically controlled valve; 211. First concentrated gas pipeline; 212. First dilution gas pipeline; 22. Second electrically controlled valve; 221. Second concentrated gas pipeline; 222. Second dilution gas pipeline; 23. Concentrated gas main pipe; 24. Dilution gas main pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] Based on the problem pointed out in the background technology that the capture efficiency of the existing carbon dioxide capture equipment using supercapacitor variable voltage adsorption technology still needs to be improved. The present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture device, which is provided with a capacitor adsorption device and a gas separation device, so that the capacitor adsorption device includes a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies connected in series, the diaphragm of the membrane electrode assembly is adsorbed with electrolyte, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are respectively attached and fixed on the two sides of the diaphragm, the positive electrode exhaust gas channel and the negative electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas separation device, and pass through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, so that when the capacitor adsorption device is charged and discharged, all the positive electrode sheets or all the negative electrode sheets simultaneously adsorb or desorb carbon dioxide, generate a low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas or a high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas, and the two mixed gases are diverted in the gas separation device, thereby improving the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the gaseous carbon dioxide capture equipment of the present invention includes a capacitive adsorption device 1 and a gas separation device 2 which are interconnected. Industrial waste gas containing carbon dioxide will first enter the capacitive adsorption device 1. After the capacitive adsorption device 1 absorbs and desorbs carbon dioxide, high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas and low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas are intermittently discharged to the gas separation device 2. The gas separation device 2 can divert two mixed gases with different carbon dioxide concentrations so as to classify, collect and process the two mixed gases.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor adsorption device 1 includes a positive electrode plate 131, a negative electrode plate 132, a double-sided electrode plate 133 and a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 11, and the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies 11 are electrically connected in series between the positive electrode plate 131 and the negative electrode plate 132, and each double-sided electrode plate 133 is arranged between two adjacent membrane electrode assemblies 11.

[0042] Among them, Figure 4As shown, the membrane electrode assembly 11 includes a positive electrode sheet 111, a negative electrode sheet 112, a diaphragm 113, an electrolyte and a fixing frame 114. The positive electrode sheet 111, the diaphragm 113 and the negative electrode sheet 112 are all sealed and fixed in the fixing frame 114. The electrolyte is adsorbed on the diaphragm 113 and is arranged between the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112. The two sides of the diaphragm 113 are respectively bonded and fixed to the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 so that the electrolyte can soak the bonding surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 and the bonding surface of the negative electrode sheet 112. The adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet 112 are both located on the side away from the diaphragm 113 so as to contact with carbon dioxide.

[0043] Preferably, the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 are both configured as porous activated carbon, the diaphragm 113 is configured as filter paper, and the electrolyte is a neutral aqueous electrolyte.

[0044] The positive electrode plate 131, the negative electrode plate 132 and the double-sided electrode plate 133 are all made of metal. The inner side surfaces of the positive electrode plate 131 and the inner side surfaces of the negative electrode plate 132 are both provided with guide grooves 134. The inner side surface of the positive electrode plate 131 is sealed with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet 111 so that the guide grooves 134 and the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 form a positive electrode flow channel. The inner side surface of the negative electrode plate 132 is sealed with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet 112 so that the guide grooves 134 and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet 112 form a negative electrode flow channel.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the double-sided electrode plate 133 includes a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface, and guide grooves 134 are arranged on the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface. The positive electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet 111 so that the guide grooves 134 and the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 form a positive electrode flow channel, and the negative electrode surface is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet 112 so that the guide grooves 134 and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet 112 form a negative electrode flow channel. Multiple positive electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form a positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and multiple negative electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form a negative electrode exhaust gas channel.

[0046] It should be noted here that, in practical applications, those skilled in the art can flexibly set the structure of the guide groove 134, such as a single-groove structure or a multi-groove structure, and its shape can be set to a serpentine structure, a grid structure, etc., as long as the exhaust gas can be fully in contact with the adsorption surface of the positive and negative electrode sheets 112. Such flexible adjustment and change does not deviate from the principle and scope of the present invention, and should be limited within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] The fixing frame 114 is preferably made of rubber material, which can seal and fix the positive electrode sheet 111, the negative electrode sheet 112 and the diaphragm 113, ensuring the close contact between the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 and the adjacent electrode plates respectively, thereby ensuring the sealing of the positive electrode flow channel and the negative electrode flow channel.

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the positive plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311 and a second through hole 1312, and the negative plate 132 is provided with a third through hole 1323 and a fourth through hole 1324. The first through hole 1311 is connected with the air inlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel to form the air inlet of the positive exhaust gas channel, and the third through hole 1323 is connected with the air outlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel to form the air outlet of the positive exhaust gas channel; the second through hole 1312 is connected with the air inlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel to form the air inlet of the negative exhaust gas channel, and the fourth through hole 1324 is connected with the air outlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel to form the air outlet of the negative exhaust gas channel.

[0049] The first through hole 1311 and the second through hole 1312 can be connected to the exhaust gas source, and the exhaust gas source introduces industrial exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide into the positive exhaust gas channel and the negative exhaust gas channel through the first through hole 1311 and the second through hole 1312, so that the industrial exhaust gas is in full contact with the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112, and the adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide on the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 are achieved. The third through hole 1323 and the fourth through hole 1324 are connected to the gas separation device 2, and the mixed gas processed by the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 can be introduced into the gas separation device 2.

[0050] The two poles of the power supply 12 are electrically connected to the positive plate 131 and the negative plate 132, respectively. Preferably, a positive electrode ear and a negative electrode ear are respectively provided on the positive plate 131 and the negative plate 132, so as to be electrically connected to the power supply 12. Specifically, the positive pole of the power supply 12 is electrically connected to the positive electrode ear, and the negative pole of the power supply 12 is electrically connected to the negative electrode ear.

[0051] When the power source 12 charges the membrane electrode assembly 11, the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet 112 adsorbs carbon dioxide, and the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 desorbs the carbon dioxide adsorbed last time; when the power source 12 discharges the membrane electrode assembly 11, the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet 111 adsorbs carbon dioxide, and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet 112 desorbs the carbon dioxide adsorbed last time; while switching between the charging process and the discharging process, the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 also switch between the adsorption process and the desorption process of carbon dioxide, thereby intermittently generating a mixed gas with a high carbon dioxide concentration and a mixed gas with a low carbon dioxide concentration in the positive exhaust gas channel and the negative exhaust gas channel, and introducing the two gases into the gas separation device 2 through the third through hole 1323 and the fourth through hole 1324 for diversion.

[0052] like Figure 7As shown, the gas separation device 2 includes a first electrically controlled valve 21, a second electrically controlled valve 22, a first concentrated gas pipeline 211, a first dilution gas pipeline 212, a second concentrated gas pipeline 221, a second dilution gas pipeline 222, a concentrated gas main pipe 23 and a dilution gas main pipe 24.

[0053] The air inlet of the first electrically controlled valve 21 is connected to the third through hole 1323 , and the first air outlet and the second air outlet of the first electrically controlled valve 21 are connected to the air inlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline 211 and the air inlet of the first diluted gas pipeline 212 , respectively.

[0054] The air inlet of the second electrically controlled valve 22 is connected to the fourth through hole 1324 , and the third and fourth air outlets of the second electrically controlled valve 22 are connected to the air inlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline 221 and the air inlet of the second diluted gas pipeline 222 , respectively.

[0055] The gas outlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline 211 and the gas outlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline 221 are connected to the gas inlet of the concentrated gas main pipe 23, the gas outlet of the first dilution gas pipeline 212 and the gas outlet of the second dilution gas pipeline 222 are connected to the gas inlet of the dilution gas main pipe 24, and the gas outlet of the concentrated gas main pipe 23 and the gas outlet of the dilution gas main pipe 24 are connected to the gas collection device.

[0056] The first electrically controlled valve 21 and the second electrically controlled valve 22 can simultaneously close the first dilution gas pipeline 212 and the second concentrated gas pipeline 221 during the charging process of the membrane electrode assembly 11, and simultaneously close the first concentrated gas pipeline 211 and the second dilution gas pipeline 222 during the discharging process of the membrane electrode assembly 11 to cooperate with the adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide.

[0057] Preferably, if Figure 7 As shown, the first end of the first electrically controlled valve 21 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply 12, the second end of the first electrically controlled valve 21 is electrically connected to the first end of the second electrically controlled valve 22, and the second end of the second electrically controlled valve 22 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply 12, so that the first electrically controlled valve 21 and the second electrically controlled valve 22 are connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitive adsorption device 1, thereby realizing the same frequency control of the capacitive adsorption device 1 and the first electrically controlled valve 21 and the second electrically controlled valve 22.

[0058] Thereby, the control of the first electrically controlled valve 21 and the second electrically controlled valve 22 is operated at the same frequency as the charging and discharging process of the capacitor adsorption device 1, and the mixed gas treated by the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode plate 112 can be diverted according to the concentration of carbon dioxide, so that the low carbon dioxide concentration gas treated by the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode plate 112 can all enter the dilution gas main pipe 24, and the high carbon dioxide concentration gas treated by the positive electrode plate 111 and the negative electrode plate 112 can all enter the concentrated gas main pipe 23.

[0059] At the same time, the capacitive adsorption device 1 and the gas separation device 2 can share the power supply 12, which is convenient for unified control, and the same frequency operation of the two is achieved, while simplifying the circuit structure.

[0060] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the specific working principle of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] The industrial waste gas is introduced into the capacitive adsorption device 1 simultaneously through the first through hole 1311 and the second through hole 1312 .

[0062] When the power supply 12 charges the capacitive adsorption device 1, the first electrically controlled valve 21 closes the first dilution gas pipeline 212, and the second electrically controlled valve 22 closes the second concentrated gas pipeline 221, so that the first concentrated gas pipeline 211 and the second dilution gas pipeline 222 remain connected.

[0063] The industrial waste gas entering the cathode exhaust gas channel and the carbon dioxide desorbed by the cathode form a high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas, which enters the concentrated gas main pipe 23 through the first concentrated gas pipeline 211.

[0064] The industrial waste gas entering the cathode waste gas channel is converted into a low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas after the carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the cathode adsorption surface, and enters the dilution gas main pipe 24 through the second dilution gas pipeline 222 .

[0065] When the power source 12 discharges the capacitive adsorption device 1, the first electrically controlled valve 21 closes the first concentrated gas pipeline 211, and the second electrically controlled valve 22 closes the second dilution gas pipeline 222, so that the first dilution gas pipeline 212 and the second concentrated gas pipeline 221 remain connected.

[0066] The industrial waste gas entering the cathode waste gas channel is converted into a low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas after the carbon dioxide is adsorbed by the cathode adsorption surface, and enters the dilution gas main pipe 24 through the first dilution gas pipeline 212 .

[0067] The industrial waste gas entering the cathode exhaust gas channel and the carbon dioxide desorbed by the cathode form a high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas, which enters the concentrated gas main 23 through the second concentrated gas pipeline 221.

[0068] It should be noted that the treatment methods for high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas and low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas are different. Usually, high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas is decomposed and treated by some chemical processes, while low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas can be directly discharged into the atmosphere. Therefore, the outlet of the concentrated gas main pipe 23 is connected to the carbon dioxide treatment device, and the outlet of the diluted gas main pipe 24 is directly connected to the external space.

[0069] Through such an arrangement, during the charging and discharging process of the capacitor adsorption device 1, the positive electrode sheet 111 and the negative electrode sheet 112 always maintain one of them in a state of adsorbing carbon dioxide and the other in a state of desorbing carbon dioxide. Compared with the prior art, the positive electrode sheet 111 can also be fully utilized to participate in the adsorption and desorption process of carbon dioxide, thereby effectively improving the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide. The industrial waste gas containing carbon dioxide first passes through the capacitor adsorption device 1, and then passes through the capacitor adsorption device 1.

[0070] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide capture device, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide capture device comprises a capacitive adsorption device, and the capacitive adsorption device comprises: A membrane electrode assembly, the membrane electrode assembly comprising a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a diaphragm and an electrolyte, the diaphragm having the electrolyte adsorbed thereon and arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the two sides of the diaphragm being respectively attached and fixed to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet so that the electrolyte can wet the attached surface of the positive electrode sheet and the attached surface of the negative electrode sheet, and the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet and the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet are both located on a side away from the diaphragm so as to contact with carbon dioxide; a power source, wherein two poles of the power source are electrically connected to the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet respectively, and can charge the membrane electrode assembly so that the negative electrode sheet adsorbs carbon dioxide and the positive electrode sheet desorbs carbon dioxide, and can discharge the membrane electrode assembly so that the positive electrode sheet adsorbs carbon dioxide and the negative electrode sheet desorbs carbon dioxide; A positive electrode exhaust gas channel, wherein both ends of the positive electrode exhaust gas channel are respectively connected to an exhaust gas source and a gas collecting device, and the positive electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet; The negative electrode exhaust gas channel has two ends connected to the exhaust gas source and the gas collecting device respectively, and the negative electrode exhaust gas channel passes through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to guide the exhaust gas to flow through the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet.

2. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that The capacitor adsorption device further includes a positive plate and a negative plate, wherein the positive plate and the negative plate are electrically connected to two poles of the power source respectively. The membrane electrode assembly is provided with a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies, and the plurality of membrane electrode assemblies are arranged in series between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The capacitor adsorption device also includes a plurality of double-sided electrode plates, each of which is arranged between two adjacent membrane electrode assemblies. The inner side surface of the positive electrode plate and the inner side surface of the negative electrode plate are both provided with flow guide grooves, the inner side surface of the positive electrode plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the inner side surface of the negative electrode plate is sealed and fitted with the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode flow channel. The double-sided electrode plate includes a positive electrode surface and a negative electrode surface, and the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface are both provided with flow guide grooves. The positive electrode surface is sealed and attached to the adsorption surface of the adjacent positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode flow channel, and the negative electrode surface is sealed and attached to the adsorption surface of the adjacent negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode flow channel. A plurality of positive electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form the positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and a plurality of negative electrode flow channels are connected end to end to form the negative electrode exhaust gas channel. The positive plate is provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, and the negative plate is provided with a third via hole and a fourth via hole, the first via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel, and the third via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel; the second via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel, and the fourth via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel.

3. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that The capacitive adsorption device further comprises a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate respectively arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are respectively electrically connected to the two poles of the power supply. The inner side surface of the positive electrode plate and the inner side surface of the negative electrode plate are both provided with guide grooves, the inner side surface of the positive electrode plate is sealed with the adsorption surface of the positive electrode sheet to form a positive electrode exhaust gas channel, and the inner side surface of the negative electrode plate is sealed with the adsorption surface of the negative electrode sheet to form a negative electrode exhaust gas channel. The positive plate is provided with a first via hole and a second via hole, and the negative plate is provided with a third via hole and a fourth via hole, the first via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel, the third via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the positive exhaust gas channel, the second via hole is connected to the air inlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel, and the fourth via hole is connected to the air outlet end of the negative exhaust gas channel.

4. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that The membrane electrode assembly further comprises a fixing frame, in which the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are all sealed and fixed.

5. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are both configured as porous activated carbon, and / or the diaphragm is configured as filter paper.

6. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 2, characterized in that The shape of the guide groove is set to be a single guide groove structure or a parallel multiple guide groove structure.

7. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 2, characterized in that Corresponding positions on the positive plate, the negative plate and the double-sided plate are all provided with mounting holes, and the mounting holes can cooperate with the connecting components for connection and fixation, and / or, the positive plate is provided with a positive electrode ear, and the negative plate is provided with a negative electrode ear, the positive electrode ear is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the negative electrode ear is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply.

8. The carbon dioxide capture plant according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The carbon dioxide capture equipment further comprises a gas separation device, which is located between the capacitive adsorption device and the gas collection device and is capable of separating a high-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas from a low-concentration carbon dioxide mixed gas.

9. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 8, characterized in that The gas separation device comprises a first electrically controlled valve, a second electrically controlled valve, a first concentrated gas pipeline, a first dilution gas pipeline, a second concentrated gas pipeline, a second dilution gas pipeline, a concentrated gas main pipe and a dilution gas main pipe. The air inlet of the first electrically controlled valve is communicated with the third through hole, and the first air outlet and the second air outlet of the first electrically controlled valve are communicated with the air inlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the air inlet of the first diluted gas pipeline respectively. The air inlet of the second electrically controlled valve is communicated with the fourth through hole, and the third and fourth air outlets of the second electrically controlled valve are communicated with the air inlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline and the air inlet of the second diluted gas pipeline, respectively. The gas outlet of the first concentrated gas pipeline and the gas outlet of the second concentrated gas pipeline are connected to the gas inlet of the concentrated gas main pipe, the gas outlet of the first dilution gas pipeline and the gas outlet of the second dilution gas pipeline are connected to the gas inlet of the dilution gas main pipe, and the gas outlet of the concentrated gas main pipe and the gas outlet of the dilution gas main pipe are connected to the gas collection device, The first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve can simultaneously close the first dilution gas pipeline and the second concentrated gas pipeline during charging of the membrane electrode assembly, and simultaneously close the first concentrated gas pipeline and the second dilution gas pipeline during discharging of the membrane electrode assembly.

10. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first end of the first electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the positive pole of the power supply, the second end of the first electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the first end of the second electrically controlled valve, and the second end of the second electrically controlled valve is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply, so that the first electrically controlled valve and the second electrically controlled valve are connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitive adsorption device, thereby achieving synchronous frequency control of the capacitive adsorption device, the first electrically controlled valve, and the second electrically controlled valve.

Images