Ultrasonic vibration auxiliary symmetric grinding method and device for blade tenon

Abstract

The invention discloses a blade tenon tooth ultrasonic vibration auxiliary symmetrical grinding method and device. The two forming grinding wheels are installed on the two main shafts of the grinding machine, the dressing grinding wheel is installed on the chuck, the two forming grinding wheels are synchronously dressed through the dressing grinding wheel, and after dressing is completed, the dressing grinding wheel is replaced with blade tenon teeth. The driving piece drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon tooth to move horizontally in the direction close to the conical tip, the chuck and the conical tip clamp the blade tenon tooth, then an ultrasonic amplitude rod of the ultrasonic vibrator enables the blade tenon tooth to vibrate through the conical tip, and meanwhile the two forming grinding wheels synchronously grind the two sides of the blade tenon tooth. Ultrasonic vibration is adopted for assisting grinding, the surface residual stress of the blade tenon tooth can be reduced, the two forming grinding wheels are adopted for grinding the mortises in the two sides of the blade tenon tooth at the same time, the position precision and the surface precision of the mortises in the two sides of the blade tenon tooth are improved, and the grinding efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding processing, and in particular relates to a method and a device for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of a blade tenon. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aerospace manufacturing, blades are an important power machinery component, and their performance and life directly affect the work efficiency and safety of the entire mechanical equipment. In the existing blade tenon grinding process, a single grinding wheel is mainly used to grind the two sides of the tenon twice, and the blade tenon needs to be clamped twice. The secondary clamping is easy to cause the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon to have different position errors and surface accuracy. In addition, during the processing of the tenon, due to the influence of factors such as load and temperature, residual stress is easy to be generated on the tenon surface. These stresses will have a negative impact on the performance and life of the blade. The traditional grinding method is difficult to eliminate the residual stress on the tenon surface, thereby affecting the service life and performance of the blade. At the same time, there are also problems of low efficiency and poor surface quality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a grinding method that can effectively reduce the residual stress on the tenon surface, improve the position accuracy and surface accuracy of the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon, and improve the grinding efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a method and device for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a blade tenon ultrasonic vibration assisted symmetrical grinding method, which is specifically as follows:

[0006] Step 1, install the horizontally arranged base plate on the workbench of the grinder, and install vertically and sequentially spaced support seat 1, support seat 2 and support seat 3 on the base plate, an ultrasonic transducer of an ultrasonic vibrator is installed on support seat 1, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic vibrator is horizontally arranged, and the middle part of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is installed on support seat 2, a moving block is provided on support seat 3, a chuck of a clamping device is installed on the moving block, and the chuck is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the conical top of the clamping device is coaxially arranged with the chuck, and is coaxially installed with one end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer away from the ultrasonic transducer, wherein the moving block is driven by a driving member to translate along the central axis direction of the chuck; two forming grinding wheels are installed on two main shafts of the grinder, and are symmetrically located on both sides of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer; and a dressing grinding wheel is installed on the chuck.

[0007] Step 2: The driving member drives the moving block to drive the dressing grinding wheel to translate, and at the same time, the grinder controls the two main shafts to make the two forming grinding wheels move synchronously toward each other along the main shaft axis, so that the profile of the dressing grinding wheel matches the profile of the two forming grinding wheels; then the driving motor drives the chuck to drive the dressing grinding wheel to rotate, and the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to rotate synchronously, so that the dressing grinding wheel dresses the two forming grinding wheels, and the rotation direction of the dressing grinding wheel and the two forming grinding wheels is the same.

[0008] Step 3. After a preset time, the grinder and the drive motor stop working, and the drive member drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the dressing grinding wheel to move horizontally to the original position. At the same time, the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to move synchronously to the original position; then remove the two forming grinding wheels, and inspect the contour shape, size and surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels. After the inspection is completed, the two forming grinding wheels are installed on the two main shafts of the grinder. If the errors of the contour shape and size of the two forming grinding wheels are within the preset error range, and the surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels are within the preset roughness range, execute step 4, otherwise return to step 2.

[0009] Step 4: Install the blade tenon horizontally on the chuck, and the driving member drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon to move in the direction close to the conical top, so that the chuck and the conical top clamp the blade tenon. The ultrasonic power supply of the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, the ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal into ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer amplifies the ultrasonic vibration amplitude generated by the ultrasonic transducer, and transmits it to the blade tenon through the conical top, so that the blade tenon vibrates; then the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to rotate synchronously, and synchronously moves according to the preset processing route, symmetrically grinding the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon, and the two forming grinding wheels turn in opposite directions, and at the same time, the coolant spraying device on the grinder sprays coolant to the processing parts of the two forming grinding wheels on the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon.

[0010] Step 5. After the symmetrical grinding of the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon is completed, the coolant spraying device stops working, the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to stop rotating and move to the original position, the ultrasonic power supply is turned off, and the driving part drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon to move horizontally to the original position; then the blade tenon is removed, and the surface residual stress and surface roughness of the two sides of the blade tenon are tested. If the surface residual stress on both sides of the blade tenon is less than the preset stress value, and the surface roughness of both sides of the blade tenon is within the preset range, it is judged that the machining accuracy of the blade tenon meets the expected requirements, and the symmetrical grinding of the blade tenon is completed. Otherwise, return to step 4.

[0011] Preferably, the hardness ratio of the forming grinding wheel to the dressing grinding wheel is not higher than 0.75.

[0012] Preferably, the abrasive grains of the dressing grinding wheel are above 800 meshes, and the abrasive grains of the forming grinding wheel are below 400 meshes.

[0013] Preferably, the rotation speed of the dressing grinding wheel and the forming grinding wheel is 100-300 r / min.

[0014] More preferably, the rotation speed ratio between the dressing grinding wheel and the forming grinding wheel is 0.8.

[0015] Preferably, the contour shape and size of the forming grinding wheel are obtained by scanning and measuring with a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, and the surface roughness of the forming grinding wheel is obtained by measuring with a surface roughness meter.

[0016] The present invention discloses a device used in a method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of a blade tenon, comprising a base plate, a support seat one, an ultrasonic vibrator, a support seat two, a clamping device, a support seat three, a forming grinding wheel and a dressing grinding wheel; the forming grinding wheel is provided with two symmetrically arranged ones; the support seat one, the support seat two and the support seat three are vertically and sequentially fixed on a horizontally arranged base plate; the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic vibrator is fixed on the support seat one, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic vibrator is horizontally arranged, and the middle part of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is fixed on the support seat two; the clamping device is composed of a coaxially arranged conical top and a chuck, and the conical top is coaxially fixed to one end of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer away from the ultrasonic transducer, the chuck is arranged on a moving block, and is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the moving block and the support seat three constitute a sliding pair, and are driven by a driving member to translate along the central axis direction of the chuck.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention can reduce the surface residual stress of the blade tenon, and improve the size, shape, position accuracy and surface accuracy of the tenon teeth on both sides of the blade tenon, and has a higher grinding efficiency; specifically, the present invention uses two forming grinding wheels to grind the tenon teeth on both sides of the blade tenon at the same time, which reduces the grinding time, improves the grinding efficiency, and avoids the problems of different size, shape, position errors and surface accuracy of the tenon teeth on both sides of the blade tenon caused by secondary clamping. In addition, because a dressing grinding wheel is used to dress the two forming grinding wheels at the same time before grinding the tenon teeth on both sides of the blade tenon, the two forming grinding wheels have good alignment. The symmetry and size, shape, position and surface accuracy further ensure that the two tenons processed simultaneously on the blade tenon have high size, shape, position accuracy and surface accuracy; further, the present invention uses ultrasonic vibration to assist grinding, and uses an ultrasonic vibrator to make the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon vibrate at high frequency during grinding, so that the forming grinding wheel and the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon are periodically separated, reducing the grinding force and grinding heat, thereby reducing the residual stress on the blade surface, and ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding increases the fluidity of the coolant, further reduces the grinding heat, reduces the surface residual stress, and improves the grinding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is installed on a grinding machine and clamped with a blade tenon;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the middle blade tenon when it is replaced with a dressing wheel;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device and part of the ultrasonic horn in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dressing grinding wheel in the present invention when dressing two forming grinding wheels;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when two forming grinding wheels symmetrically grind the tenon teeth on both sides of the blade tenon in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is an ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding device for blade tenons, comprising a base plate, a support seat one, an ultrasonic vibrator, a support seat two 3, a clamping device 6, a support seat three 9, a forming grinding wheel 8 and a dressing grinding wheel 10; the support seat one, the support seat two 3 and the support seat three are vertically and sequentially fixed on the horizontally arranged base plate; the ultrasonic transducer 1 of the ultrasonic vibrator is fixed on the support seat one, the ultrasonic amplitude rod 2 of the ultrasonic vibrator is horizontally arranged, and the middle part of the ultrasonic amplitude rod 2 is fixed on the support seat two 3; the clamping device 6 is composed of a coaxially arranged conical top and a chuck, and the conical top is coaxially fixed with one end of the ultrasonic amplitude rod 2 away from the ultrasonic transducer 1, the chuck is arranged on the moving block, and is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the moving block and the support seat three 9 form a sliding pair, and are driven by a driving member to translate along the central axis direction of the chuck. There are two symmetrically arranged forming grinding wheels 8 , which can be installed on two symmetrical main shafts of the grinding machine; the dressing grinding wheel 10 can be clamped on the chuck to dress the two forming grinding wheels 8 .

[0027] The present invention provides a blade tenon ultrasonic vibration assisted symmetrical grinding method, which is specifically as follows:

[0028] Step 1: Install the base plate on the workbench of the grinder 5, install two forming grinding wheels 8 on the two main shafts of the grinder and symmetrically locate them on both sides of the ultrasonic horn 2, and install the dressing grinding wheel 10 on the chuck, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0029] Step 2: The driving member drives the moving block to drive the dressing grinding wheel 10 to move horizontally. At the same time, the grinder controls the two spindles to make the two forming grinding wheels 8 move synchronously toward each other along the spindle axis, so that the profile of the dressing grinding wheel 10 matches the profile of the two forming grinding wheels 8. Figure 5 As shown; then the driving motor drives the chuck to drive the dressing grinding wheel 10 to rotate, and the grinding machine controls the two forming grinding wheels 8 to rotate synchronously, so that the dressing grinding wheel 10 dresses the two forming grinding wheels 8, and the rotation direction of the dressing grinding wheel 10 is the same as that of the two forming grinding wheels 8; wherein, the hardness of the dressing grinding wheel is higher than that of the forming grinding wheel, and the hardness ratio of the forming grinding wheel to the dressing grinding wheel is not higher than 0.75; the abrasive grains of the dressing grinding wheel 10 are smaller than the abrasive grains of the forming grinding wheel 8, the rotation speed of the dressing grinding wheel 10 is 100-300r / min, and the rotation speed of the forming grinding wheel 8 is 100-300r / min. In this embodiment, the abrasive grains of the dressing grinding wheel 10 are above 800 meshes, and the abrasive grains of the forming grinding wheel 8 are below 400 meshes, and the rotation speed ratio of the dressing grinding wheel 10 to the forming grinding wheel 8 is 0.8, the rotation speed of the forming grinding wheel 8 is 200r / min, and the rotation speed of the dressing grinding wheel 10 is 160r / min.

[0030] Step 3: After a preset time, the grinder and the drive motor stop working, and the drive member drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the dressing wheel to move to the original position, and the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels 8 to move to the original position synchronously; then remove the two forming grinding wheels 8, and detect the contour shape, size and surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels 8. After the detection is completed, the two forming grinding wheels 8 are installed on the two spindles of the grinder. If the error of the contour shape and size of the two forming grinding wheels 8 is within 0.01mm, and the surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels 8 is within 0.1-0.3um, then execute step 4, otherwise return to step 2. Among them, the contour shape and size of the forming grinding wheel 8 are obtained by scanning and measuring with a three-coordinate measuring machine, and the surface roughness of the forming grinding wheel 8 is measured by a surface roughness meter.

[0031] Step 4: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the blade tenon 7 is horizontally mounted on the chuck, and the driving member drives the moving block to move the chuck and the blade tenon 7 in the direction close to the conical top, so that the blade tenon 7 is clamped by the chuck and the conical top. The ultrasonic power supply 4 of the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, the ultrasonic transducer 1 converts the electrical signal into ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 2 amplifies the ultrasonic amplitude generated by the ultrasonic transducer 1, and transmits it to the blade tenon 7 through the conical top, so that the blade tenon 7 vibrates; then the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels 8 to rotate synchronously, and synchronously move according to the preset processing route, to grind the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon 7 symmetrically, and the two forming grinding wheels 8 turn in opposite directions, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, the coolant spraying device on the grinding machine sprays the coolant to the processing parts of the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon 7 by the two forming grinding wheels 8 to reduce the temperature of the processing parts. In particular, since the two forming grinding wheels 8 are synchronously trimmed by the dressing grinding wheel 10 in step 2, the two forming grinding wheels have good symmetry, and thus the two tenons processed simultaneously on the blade tenon 7 can have high shape, size and position accuracy; in this embodiment, castor oil is used as the coolant, and the coolant flow rate of the coolant spraying device is 1.2L / min, the pressure is 2.1bar, the temperature is 25°C, and the filtration accuracy is 50um.

[0032] Step 5. After the symmetrical grinding of the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon 7 is completed, the coolant spraying device stops working, the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels 8 to stop rotating and move to the original position, the ultrasonic power supply 4 is turned off, and the driving part drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon 7 to move horizontally to the original position; then the blade tenon 7 is removed, and the surface residual stress and surface roughness of the two sides of the blade tenon 7 are detected. If the surface residual stress on both sides of the blade tenon 7 is less than the preset stress value, and the surface roughness of both sides of the blade tenon 7 is within the preset range, it is judged that the processing accuracy of the blade tenon 7 meets the expected requirements, and the symmetrical grinding of the blade tenon 7 is completed. Otherwise, return to step 4.

Claims

1. A blade tenon ultrasonic vibration assisted symmetrical grinding method, characterized in that: The details are as follows: Step 1, install the horizontally arranged bottom plate on the workbench of the grinder, and install vertically and sequentially spaced support seat 1, support seat 2 and support seat 3 on the bottom plate, an ultrasonic transducer of an ultrasonic vibrator is installed on support seat 1, the ultrasonic amplitude rod of the ultrasonic vibrator is horizontally arranged, and the middle part of the ultrasonic amplitude rod is installed on support seat 2, a moving block is provided on support seat 3, a chuck of a clamping device is installed on the moving block, and the chuck is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the conical top of the clamping device is coaxially arranged with the chuck, and is coaxially installed with one end of the ultrasonic amplitude rod away from the ultrasonic transducer, wherein the moving block is driven by a driving member to translate along the central axis direction of the chuck; install two forming grinding wheels on two main shafts of the grinder, and are symmetrically located on both sides of the ultrasonic amplitude rod; install the dressing grinding wheel on the chuck; Step 2: The driving member drives the moving block to drive the dressing grinding wheel to translate, and at the same time, the grinder controls the two main shafts to make the two forming grinding wheels move synchronously toward each other along the main shaft axis, so that the profile of the dressing grinding wheel matches the profile of the two forming grinding wheels; then the driving motor drives the chuck to drive the dressing grinding wheel to rotate, and the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to rotate synchronously, so that the dressing grinding wheel dresses the two forming grinding wheels, and the rotation direction of the dressing grinding wheel and the two forming grinding wheels is the same; Step 3: After a preset time, the grinder and the drive motor stop working, the drive member drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the dressing grinding wheel to move to the original position, and the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to move to the original position synchronously; then the two forming grinding wheels are removed, and the contour shape and size and surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels are detected. After the detection is completed, the two forming grinding wheels are installed on the two spindles of the grinder. If the errors of the contour shape and size of the two forming grinding wheels are within the preset error range, and the surface roughness of the two forming grinding wheels are within the preset roughness range, then step 4 is executed, otherwise, it returns to step 2; Step 4, horizontally install the blade tenon on the chuck, and the driving member drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon to move in the direction close to the conical top, so that the chuck and the conical top clamp the blade tenon; the ultrasonic power supply of the ultrasonic vibrator is turned on, the ultrasonic transducer converts the electrical signal into ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic amplitude amplifier amplifies the ultrasonic vibration amplitude generated by the ultrasonic transducer, and transmits it to the blade tenon through the conical top, so that the blade tenon vibrates; then the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to rotate synchronously, and synchronously moves according to the preset processing route, symmetrically grinds the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon, and the two forming grinding wheels turn in opposite directions, and at the same time, the coolant spraying device on the grinder sprays the coolant to the processing parts of the two forming grinding wheels on the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon; Step 5. After the symmetrical grinding of the tenons on both sides of the blade tenon is completed, the coolant spraying device stops working, the grinder controls the two forming grinding wheels to stop rotating and move to the original position, the ultrasonic power supply is turned off, and the driving part drives the moving block to drive the chuck and the blade tenon to move horizontally to the original position; then the blade tenon is removed, and the surface residual stress and surface roughness of the two sides of the blade tenon are tested. If the surface residual stress on both sides of the blade tenon is less than the preset stress value, and the surface roughness of both sides of the blade tenon is within the preset range, it is judged that the machining accuracy of the blade tenon meets the expected requirements, and the symmetrical grinding of the blade tenon is completed. Otherwise, return to step 4.

2. The method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness ratio of the forming grinding wheel and the dressing grinding wheel is not higher than 0.

75.

3. The method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abrasive grains of the dressing grinding wheel are above 800 meshes, and the abrasive grains of the forming grinding wheel are below 400 meshes.

4. The method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the dressing grinding wheel and the forming grinding wheel is 100-300r / min.

5. The method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotation speed ratio between the dressing grinding wheel and the forming grinding wheel is 0.

8.

6. The method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour shape and size of the forming grinding wheel are obtained by scanning and measuring with a three-coordinate measuring machine, and the surface roughness of the forming grinding wheel is obtained by measuring with a surface roughness meter.

7. The device used in the method for ultrasonic vibration-assisted symmetrical grinding of blade tenons according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a base plate, a support seat one, an ultrasonic vibrator, a support seat two, a clamping device, a support seat three, a forming grinding wheel and a dressing grinding wheel; the forming grinding wheels are provided with two symmetrically arranged; the support seat one, the support seat two and the support seat three are vertically and fixed in sequence on the horizontally arranged base plate; the ultrasonic transducer of the ultrasonic vibrator is fixed on the support seat one, the ultrasonic amplitude rod of the ultrasonic vibrator is horizontally arranged, and the middle part of the ultrasonic amplitude rod is fixed on the support seat two; the clamping device is composed of a coaxially arranged conical top and a chuck, and the conical top is coaxially fixed to one end of the ultrasonic amplitude rod away from the ultrasonic transducer, the chuck is arranged on the moving block, and is driven to rotate by a driving motor, the moving block and the support seat three constitute a sliding pair, and are driven by a driving member to translate along the central axis direction of the chuck.

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