Charging circuit and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging circuit and a vehicle, and the charging circuit comprises a first voltage stabilization module which is connected with an AC input end, and is used for converting an AC input voltage into a first DC voltage when the AC input end provides the AC input voltage; the second voltage stabilizing module is connected with the direct current input end and used for converting the direct current input voltage into second direct current voltage when the direct current input end provides the direct current input voltage; the two input ends of the power output module are connected with the first voltage stabilization module and the second voltage stabilization module respectively, and the power output module is used for outputting the first direct current voltage or the second direct current voltage; the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module is connected with the output end of the power output module, and the output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module is used for being connected with a battery to be charged. According to the embodiment of the invention, the charging of the to-be-charged battery can be realized in different types of charging environments, so that the adaptability of battery charging is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular, relates to a charging circuit and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle field, the popularity of new energy vehicles continues to rise. In order to realize the battery charging of new energy vehicles, it is necessary to set up a charging circuit inside the car so that when the car is connected to the charging pile, the voltage provided by the charging pile can be converted into a suitable voltage for charging the battery.

[0003] Since the power supply is usually 220VAC, the existing charging circuit solution can only convert the AC voltage into a suitable charging voltage. In a charging environment lacking 220VAC, the charging circuit cannot achieve voltage conversion, thus failing to achieve the battery charging function. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit and a vehicle, which can solve the problem that the existing charging circuit can only realize the battery charging function of a specific power supply type.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a charging circuit, the charging circuit comprising:

[0006] A first voltage stabilizing module, connected to the AC input terminal, and configured to convert the AC input voltage into a first DC voltage when the AC input terminal provides an AC input voltage;

[0007] A second voltage stabilizing module is connected to the DC input terminal and is used to convert the DC input voltage into a second DC voltage when the DC input terminal provides a DC input voltage;

[0008] A power output module, wherein two input ends of the power output module are respectively connected to the first voltage stabilizing module and the second voltage stabilizing module, and the power output module is used to output a first DC voltage or a second DC voltage;

[0009] A charging voltage stabilizing module, wherein the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module is connected to the output end of the power output module, and the output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module is used to be connected to a battery to be charged.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power output module comprises:

[0011] A first power diode, wherein an anode of the first power diode is connected to an output end of the first voltage stabilizing module, and a cathode of the first power diode is connected to an input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module;

[0012] A second power diode, an anode of the second power diode is connected to the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module, and a cathode of the second power diode is connected to the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the charging circuit further comprises:

[0014] The reset module is connected between the power output module and the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the reset module includes a reset button; the reset module is used to disconnect the power output module from the charging voltage stabilizing module in response to the user triggering the reset button.

[0015] In some embodiments, the reset module includes:

[0016] A first transistor, wherein a first end of the first transistor is connected to an output end of the power output module, and a second end of the first transistor is connected to an input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module;

[0017] a second transistor, wherein a first end of the second transistor is connected to the control end of the first transistor, and a second end of the second transistor is connected to the reference signal end; the second transistor is used to drive the first transistor to be turned on in the on state, and to drive the first transistor to be turned off in the off state;

[0018] A reset control circuit, wherein the input end of the reset control circuit is connected to the output end of the power output module, the output end of the reset control circuit is connected to the control end of the second transistor, and the control end of the reset control circuit is connected to the reset button; the reset control circuit is used to adjust the first on-voltage output to the second transistor to the first off-voltage when the reset button is triggered.

[0019] In some embodiments, the reset control circuit includes:

[0020] A first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the power output module, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to the control end of the second transistor;

[0021] a second resistor, wherein a first end of the second resistor is connected to a second end of the first resistor, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to a reset button; when the reset button is triggered, the second end of the second resistor is connected to a reference signal terminal;

[0022] A first capacitor connected between the control terminal and the reference signal terminal of the second transistor;

[0023] A third resistor is connected between the control terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the second transistor;

[0024] The fourth resistor is connected between the control terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first transistor.

[0025] In some embodiments, the charging circuit further comprises:

[0026] A precision resistor, wherein a first end of the precision resistor is connected to an output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and a second end of the precision resistor is used to be connected to a battery to be charged;

[0027] A current detection circuit, wherein two input terminals of the current detection circuit are respectively connected to two terminals of a precision resistor, and the current detection circuit is used to detect a charging current;

[0028] A voltage detection circuit, wherein an input end of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the second end of the precision resistor, and the voltage detection circuit is used to detect the charging voltage.

[0029] In some embodiments, the current detection circuit includes:

[0030] A common mode differential mode filter module, wherein two input terminals of the common mode differential mode filter module are respectively connected to two terminals of a precision resistor, and the common mode differential mode filter module is used to collect common mode current signals;

[0031] A first current amplification module, wherein two input terminals of the first current amplification module are respectively connected to two input terminals of the common-mode and differential-mode filtering modules, and the first current amplification module is used to convert a common-mode current signal into a single-ended voltage signal;

[0032] A first operational amplifier circuit, wherein an input end of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to an output end of the first current amplification module, and the first operational amplifier circuit is used to convert a single-ended voltage signal into a current measurement signal;

[0033] The voltage detection circuit includes:

[0034] A second operational amplifier circuit, wherein an input end of the second operational amplifier circuit is connected to the second end of the precision resistor, and the second operational amplifier circuit is used for converting the collected voltage signal into a voltage measurement signal.

[0035] In some embodiments, the charging circuit further comprises:

[0036] A current and voltage display module, wherein the current input terminal of the current and voltage display module is connected to the current detection circuit, the voltage input terminal of the current and voltage display module is connected to the voltage detection circuit, and the current and voltage display module is used to display the charging current and / or charging voltage.

[0037] In some embodiments, the charging circuit further comprises:

[0038] A third voltage stabilizing module, wherein the input end of the third voltage stabilizing module is connected to the output end of the power output module, and the third voltage stabilizing module is used to convert the DC voltage output by the power output module into a low-voltage power supply voltage.

[0039] In some embodiments, the charging circuit further includes an over-temperature protection circuit, and the over-temperature protection circuit includes:

[0040] A temperature sampling module, wherein a sampling end of the temperature sampling module is connected to a temperature measuring element of a battery to be charged, a power supply end of the temperature sampling module is connected to an output end of a third voltage stabilizing module, and the temperature sampling module is used to output a high or low level signal according to a comparison result between a sampling signal and a reference signal;

[0041] An over-temperature control module, wherein the input end of the over-temperature control module is connected to the output end of the temperature sampling module, and the output end of the over-temperature control module is connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilization module; the over-temperature control module is used to output an enable signal or a disable signal to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilization module according to the high and low level signals output by the temperature sampling module; the charging voltage stabilization module stops running when receiving the disable signal.

[0042] In some embodiments, the over-temperature control module includes:

[0043] a fifth resistor, wherein a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to an output end of the temperature sampling module;

[0044] a sixth resistor, wherein a first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the reference voltage end;

[0045] A third transistor, wherein the first end of the third transistor is connected to the control signal end, the first end of the third transistor is also connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the second end of the third transistor is connected to the reference signal end; the third transistor is used to pull down the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module to a reference signal when turned on, and pull up the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module to a control signal when turned off; wherein the control signal is an enable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the reference signal is a non-enable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module.

[0046] In some embodiments, the temperature measuring element of the battery to be charged is a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and the temperature sampling module includes:

[0047] A first pull-up resistor, wherein a first end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to a power supply end of the temperature sampling module, and a second end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to a reference voltage end through a thermistor;

[0048] A second pull-up resistor, wherein a first end of the second pull-up resistor is connected to a power supply end of the temperature sampling module; wherein the resistance value of the first pull-up resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor,

[0049] A protection resistor, wherein a first end of the protection resistor is connected to a second end of the second pull-up resistor, and a second end of the protection resistor is connected to a reference voltage end;

[0050] A first operational amplifier, a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the second pull-up resistor, and an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the first pull-up resistor; the first operational amplifier is used to output a high level signal or a low level signal according to the voltage magnitudes of the two input terminals.

[0051] In some embodiments, the temperature sampling module further includes:

[0052] A first voltage regulating resistor is connected between the first pull-up resistor and the thermistor;

[0053] The second voltage regulating resistor is connected between the second pull-up resistor and the protection resistor; wherein,

[0054] The resistance value of the first voltage regulating resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second voltage regulating resistor, and the sum of the first voltage regulating resistor and the protection resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor.

[0055] In some embodiments, the temperature sampling module further includes:

[0056] A first hysteresis resistor is connected between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the reference signal terminal;

[0057] A second hysteresis resistor is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier;

[0058] The resistance value of the first hysteresis resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second hysteresis resistor.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first DC voltage is the same as the second DC voltage.

[0060] In some embodiments, the charging circuit includes at least two charging voltage stabilizing modules, each of which is used to connect to a corresponding battery to be charged.

[0061] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising a charging circuit as in the first aspect.

[0062] The charging circuit and vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application are respectively connected to the first voltage stabilizing module and the second voltage stabilizing module by setting a power output module, so that the first DC voltage can be generated by the first voltage stabilizing module in an AC power supply environment, or the second DC voltage can be generated by the second voltage stabilizing module in a DC power supply environment. Under different power supply environments, the power output module can output the corresponding first DC voltage or second DC voltage, and generate a charging voltage for the battery to be charged through the charging voltage stabilizing module to charge the battery to be charged. Under different types of charging environments, the charging of the battery to be charged can be achieved, thereby improving the adaptability of battery charging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0064] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a charging circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a charging circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a reset module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of some modules of a charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial module structure of a charging circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 7 1 is a circuit structure diagram of a current detection circuit and a voltage detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a charging circuit provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a charging circuit provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Fig.10 is a circuit structure diagram of an over-temperature protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the module structure of a charging circuit provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0075] In the attached figure:

[0076] 10. First voltage stabilizing module; 11. Second voltage stabilizing module; 20. Power output module; 30. Charging voltage stabilizing module; BAT, battery to be charged; 40. Reset module; 41. Reset control circuit; Key, reset button; 50. Current detection circuit; 51. Common mode and differential mode filter module; 52. First current amplifying module; 53. First operational amplifier circuit; 60. Voltage detection circuit; 61. Second operational amplifier circuit; 70. Current and voltage display module; 12. Third voltage stabilizing module; 80. Over-temperature protection circuit; 81. Temperature sampling module; 82. Over-temperature control module; D1, first power diode; D2, second power Diode; M1, first transistor; Q2, second transistor; M3, third transistor; R1, first resistor; R2, second resistor; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; R5, fifth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; C1, first capacitor; C2, second capacitor; C3, third capacitor; D3, voltage regulator diode; Rsense, precision resistor; R11, first pull-up resistor; R21, second pull-up resistor; Rprot, protection resistor; U1, first operational amplifier; R12, first voltage regulating resistor; R22, second voltage regulating resistor; R13, first hysteresis resistor; R23, second hysteresis resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0078] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0080] With the continuous development of the new energy vehicle field, the popularity of new energy vehicles continues to rise. In order to realize the battery charging of new energy vehicles, it is necessary to set up a charging circuit inside the car so that when the car is connected to the charging pile, the voltage provided by the charging pile can be converted into a suitable voltage for charging the battery.

[0081] Since the power supply is usually 220VAC, the existing charging circuit solution can only convert the AC voltage into a suitable charging voltage. In a charging environment lacking 220VAC, the charging circuit cannot achieve voltage conversion, thus failing to achieve the battery charging function.

[0082] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit and a vehicle. The charging circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0083] Figure 1 The module structure diagram of a charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The charging circuit includes a first voltage stabilizing module 10, a second voltage stabilizing module 11, a power output module 20 and a charging voltage stabilizing module 30.

[0084] The input end of the first voltage stabilizing module 10 is connected to the AC input end, and the AC input end can provide an AC input voltage. When the AC input end provides an AC input voltage, the first voltage stabilizing module 10 can convert the AC input voltage into a first DC voltage. The first voltage stabilizing module 10 can be an AC-DC voltage stabilizing circuit.

[0085] The input end of the second voltage stabilizing module 11 is connected to the DC input end, which can provide a DC input voltage. When the DC input end provides a DC input voltage, the second voltage stabilizing module 11 can convert the DC input voltage into a second DC voltage. The second voltage stabilizing module 11 can be a DC-DC voltage stabilizing circuit.

[0086] The power output module 20 includes two input terminals, which are respectively connected to the output terminal of the first voltage stabilizing module 10 and the output terminal of the second voltage stabilizing module 11. When the AC input terminal supplies power, the power output module 20 can output a first DC voltage; when the DC input terminal supplies power, the power output module 20 can output a second DC voltage.

[0087] The input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 is connected to the output end of the power output module 20, and the output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can be connected to the battery to be charged BAT when the battery to be charged BAT is connected. The charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can perform voltage stabilization conversion on the DC voltage output by the power output module 20 to generate a charging voltage that meets the charging requirements of the battery to be charged BAT, and output it to the battery to be charged BAT for charging.

[0088] In this embodiment, by setting the power output module 20 to be connected to the first voltage stabilizing module 10 and the second voltage stabilizing module 11 respectively, the first DC voltage can be generated by the first voltage stabilizing module 10 in an AC power supply environment, or the second DC voltage can be generated by the second voltage stabilizing module 11 in a DC power supply environment. Under different power supply environments, the power output module 20 can output the corresponding first DC voltage or second DC voltage, and generate a charging voltage for the battery to be charged BAT through the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 to charge the battery to be charged BAT. Under different types of charging environments, the charging of the battery to be charged BAT can be achieved, thereby improving the adaptability and versatility of battery charging.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the power output module 20 may include a first power diode D1 and a second power diode D2. The anode of the first power diode D1 is connected to the output end of the first voltage stabilizing module 10, and the cathode of the first power diode D1 is connected to the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The anode of the second power diode D2 is connected to the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module 11, and the cathode of the second power diode D2 is connected to the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30.

[0090] When the AC input terminal provides an AC input voltage, the first power diode D1 can output the first DC voltage output by the first voltage stabilizing module 10 to the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The first power diode D1 has a reverse cutoff characteristic, and can also prevent the first voltage stabilizing module 10 from being damaged due to reverse current.

[0091] When the DC input terminal provides a DC input voltage, the second power diode D2 can output the second DC voltage output by the second voltage regulator module 11 to the charging voltage regulator module 30. The second power diode D2 has a reverse cutoff characteristic, and can also prevent the second voltage regulator module 11 from being damaged due to reverse current.

[0092] When only one of the AC input terminal and the DC input terminal provides input voltage, one of the two power diodes is turned on to output the corresponding DC voltage to the charging voltage regulator module 30, and the other remains in a reverse cutoff state to prevent current from flowing in reverse to the corresponding voltage regulator module.

[0093] As an optional implementation, when the charging current of the battery to be charged BAT is relatively large, the first power diode D1 and the second power diode D2 may be configured as ideal diodes.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a reset module 40 .

[0095] The reset module 40 can be connected between the power output module 20 and the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The reset module 40 includes a reset button Key, and the user can trigger the reset button Key to achieve the reset disconnection function. The reset module 40 can disconnect the power output module 20 from the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 when the user triggers the reset button Key, and when the user stops triggering the reset button Key, the reset module 40 can reconnect the power output module 20 with the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. By setting the reset module 40, the user can achieve active reset disconnection of the charging process through the reset button Key, so that the user can achieve disconnection control of the charging process.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the reset module 40 may include a first transistor M1 , a second transistor Q2 , and a reset control circuit 41 .

[0097] The first end of the first transistor M1 is connected to the output end of the power output module 20, and the second end of the first transistor M1 is connected to the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the control end of the first transistor M1, and the second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the reference signal end. The second transistor Q2 can drive the first transistor M1 to turn on in the on state, and can drive the first transistor M1 to turn off in the off state. The reference signal end can be a ground signal end, or a low-level signal end corresponding to the DC voltage output by the power output module 20, which is not limited here.

[0098] The input end of the reset control circuit 41 is connected to the output end of the power output module 20, and the output end of the reset control circuit 41 is connected to the control end of the second transistor Q2. The control end of the reset control short circuit is connected to the reset key Key.

[0099] When the user triggers the reset button Key, the reset control circuit 41 can adjust the first on-voltage output to the second transistor Q2 to the first off-voltage. The second transistor Q2 becomes off-state at the first off-voltage, and the first transistor M1 also changes from on-state to off-state. When the first transistor M1 is turned off, the output end of the power output module 20 is disconnected from the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30.

[0100] When the user stops triggering the reset button Key, the reset control circuit 41 re-outputs the first conduction voltage to turn on the second transistor Q2. The turned-on second transistor Q2 can drive the first transistor M1 to turn on, thereby reconnecting the output end of the power output module 20 with the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30.

[0101] Please continue to refer to Figure 4In some embodiments, the reset control circuit 41 may include a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4.

[0102] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the power output module 20, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control end of the second transistor Q2. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the reset button Key. The first capacitor C1 is connected between the control end of the second transistor Q2 and the reference signal end. The third resistor R3 is connected between the control end of the first transistor M1 and the first end of the second transistor Q2. The fourth resistor R4 is connected between the control end of the first transistor M1 and the first end of the first transistor M1. The reset button Key can connect the second end of the second resistor R2 to the reference signal end when triggered.

[0103] The first transistor M1 can be a P-channel metal oxide field effect transistor PMOS, and the second transistor Q2 can be an N-type transistor. When the reset button Key is not triggered, the output voltage of the power output module 20 can charge the first capacitor C1 through the first resistor R1. At this time, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is the voltage difference Vbe between the base and the emitter of the second transistor Q2. When the voltage across the first capacitor C1 is greater than the turn-on threshold Vbe(th) of the second transistor Q2, the second transistor Q2 is turned on. The turn-on threshold Vbe(th) of the second transistor Q2 can be 0.7V.

[0104] It can be understood that, since the voltage difference between the two ends of the first capacitor C1 gradually increases during the charging process, the second transistor Q2 will be driven to turn on only when a certain voltage value is reached. Therefore, there is a turn-on delay in the second transistor Q2, and the delay time can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, t on1 is the turn-on delay time of the second transistor Q2, Vreg is the output voltage of the power output module 20, and Vbe(th) is the turn-on threshold voltage of the second transistor Q2.

[0107] After the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the third resistor R3 is connected to the reference signal terminal through the second transistor Q2. At this time, the third transistor M3 and the fourth transistor can form a voltage divider circuit, and the voltage divided across the fourth resistor R4 is the gate-source voltage difference Vgs of the first transistor M1. When the voltage across the fourth resistor R4 gradually decreases to less than the turn-on threshold Vgs(th) of the first transistor M1, the first transistor M1 is turned on.

[0108] As an optional implementation, the reset control circuit 41 may further include a second capacitor C2 , and the second capacitor C2 may be connected between the control terminal of the first transistor M1 and the first terminal of the first transistor M1 .

[0109] When the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the output voltage of the power output module 20 can be charged by the third resistor R3 for the equivalent capacitance between the second capacitor C2 and the gate-source of the first transistor M1, so that the voltage across the capacitor meets the turn-on threshold Vgs(th) of the first transistor M1. Therefore, the first transistor M1 also has a turn-on delay, and the delay time calculation formula is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, t on2 is the turn-on delay time of the second transistor Q2, Cgs is the equivalent capacitance between the gate and source of the first transistor M1, and Vgs(th) is the turn-on threshold voltage of the first transistor M1.

[0112] When the first transistor M1 and the second transistor Q2 are turned on, the Vgst of the first transistor M1 is:

[0113]

[0114] According to the above formula, when the output voltage Vreg of the power output module 20 gradually increases, the actual gate-source voltage difference Vgst of the first transistor M1 gradually decreases. When Vgst decreases to less than the minimum gate-source voltage difference Vgs(min) of the first transistor M1, the first transistor M1 will be damaged. To this end, as an optional implementation, the reset control circuit 41 may further include a Zener diode D3, the positive electrode of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor M1, and the negative electrode of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the first terminal of the first transistor M1.

[0115] The regulated voltage Vz of the zener diode D3 can be set to be less than the absolute value of the minimum gate-source voltage difference Vgs(min) of the first transistor M1. When Vreg gradually increases and the absolute value of Vgst is greater than Vz, the zener diode D3 can reversely break down, so that the absolute value of Vgst does not exceed Vz. At this time, Vgst is greater than the minimum gate-source voltage difference Vgs(min) of the first transistor M1, which can avoid overvoltage damage to the first transistor M1. And the regulated voltage Vz is less than the conduction threshold voltage Vgs(th) of the first transistor M1, which can keep the first transistor M1 in the on state.

[0116] When the user triggers the reset button Key, the second resistor R2 is connected to the reference signal end through the reset button Key. At this time, the charge stored in the first capacitor C1 is discharged through the second resistor R2, so that the voltage across the first capacitor C1 drops. When the voltage across the first capacitor C1 drops to below the turn-on threshold Vbe(th) of the second transistor Q2, the second transistor Q2 is disconnected.

[0117] It can be understood that when the reset button Key is not triggered, the initial voltage across the first capacitor C1 is V c1s When the reset button Key connects the second resistor R2 to the reference signal terminal, the final voltage across the first capacitor C1 is V c1t , where V c1t Can be:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, V c1t is the final voltage of the first capacitor C1, V c1t V c1t <Vbe(th)。

[0120] It is understandable that it takes a certain amount of time for the voltage across the first capacitor C1 to drop below the turn-on threshold Vbe(th) of the second transistor Q2, so the second transistor Q2 has a turn-off delay, and the turn-off delay time is:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, V c1s is the initial voltage across the first capacitor C1 when the reset button Key is not triggered, V c1t It is the final voltage across the first capacitor C1 when the reset button Key is triggered.

[0123] After the second transistor Q2 is turned off, the equivalent capacitance between the second capacitor C2 and the gate-source of the first transistor M1 can be discharged through the fourth resistor R4, and when the voltage across the capacitor rises again to a value greater than the turn-on threshold voltage Vgs(th) of the first transistor M1, the first transistor M1 is turned off. The turn-off delay time of the first transistor M1 can be:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, V gst is the actual gate-source voltage difference when the first transistor M1 is stably turned on.

[0126] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the charging circuit may include a precision resistor Rsense, a current detection circuit 50 and a voltage detection circuit 60 .

[0127] The first end of the precision resistor Rsense is connected to the output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30, and the second end of the precision resistor Rsense is used to connect to the battery to be charged BAT. That is, the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 and the battery to be charged BAT are connected through the precision resistor Rsense.

[0128] The two input terminals of the current detection circuit 50 are respectively connected to the two ends of the precision resistor Rsense. The current detection circuit 50 can detect the charging current when the charging circuit charges the battery BAT through the precision resistor Rsense.

[0129] The input end of the voltage detection circuit 60 is connected to the second end of the precision resistor Rsense. Since the second end of the precision resistor Rsense is connected to the battery to be charged BAT, the voltage detection circuit 60 can obtain the charging voltage received by the battery to be charged BAT by detecting the voltage at the second end of the precision resistor Rsense.

[0130] Please refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the current detection circuit 50 may include a common-mode and differential-mode filtering module 51 , a first current amplifying module 52 and a first operational amplifier circuit 53 .

[0131] The two input terminals of the common mode and differential mode filter module 51 are respectively connected to the two ends of the precision resistor Rsense. The common mode and differential mode filter module 51 can collect the common mode current signal of the precision resistor Rsense and perform common mode and differential mode filtering on the signal.

[0132] The two input ends of the first current amplifying module 52 are respectively connected to the two input ends of the common-mode and differential-mode filtering module 51 . The first current amplifying module 52 can receive the common-mode current signal after the common-mode and differential-mode filtering, and convert the common-mode current signal into a single-ended voltage signal.

[0133] The input end of the first operational amplifier circuit 53 is connected to the output end of the first current amplifying module 52 . The first operational amplifier circuit 53 can amplify the single-ended signal output by the first current amplifying module 52 to obtain a current measurement signal.

[0134] In some embodiments, the voltage detection circuit 60 may include a second operational amplifier circuit 61, the input end of the second operational amplifier circuit 61 is connected to the second end of the precision resistor Rsense, and the second operational amplifier circuit 61 may amplify the signal at the second end of the precision resistor Rsense to obtain a voltage measurement signal.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 7In some embodiments, the common-mode differential-mode filter module 51 may include capacitors C4, C5, and C6 and resistors R7 and R8. The capacitors C4, C5, and C6 and the resistors R7 and R8 may form common-mode and differential-mode filters at the entrance of the current measurement circuit to perform common-mode and differential-mode filtering on the sampled signal. Among them, the resistors R7 and R8 may be set to have the same resistance value, the capacitors C5 and C6 may be set to have the same capacitance value, and the capacitor C4 may be set to have a capacitance greater than that of the capacitors C5 and C6. In an optional embodiment, the size relationship of the capacitors C5, C6, and C4 may be:

[0136] C5=C6<0.1C4;

[0137] In the common-mode and differential-mode filtering module 51, the differential-mode -3dB cut-off frequency is:

[0138]

[0139] The common mode -3dB cutoff frequency is:

[0140]

[0141] The first current amplification module 52 may include a current amplifier with a gain of G1. The first operational amplifier circuit 53 may amplify the output of the first current amplification module 52 to generate a current measurement signal V curr1 , current measurement signal V curr1 The calculation formula is as follows:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, R sense is the resistance of the precision resistor Rsense, I1 is the charging current, G1 is the gain of the first current amplification module 52, and R9-R12 are the resistance values ​​of the corresponding resistors in the first operational amplifier circuit 53. According to the current measurement signal V output by the current detection circuit 50 curr1 The charging current I1 can be calculated by reverse calculation

[0144] Similarly, the second operational amplifier circuit 61 can amplify the voltage at the second end of the precision resistor Rsense to generate a voltage measurement signal V volt1 , voltage measurement signal V volt1 The calculation formula is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] Among them, V bat1 is the voltage at the second end of the precision resistor Rsense, that is, the charging voltage received by the battery to be charged BAT. volt1The charging voltage received by the battery to be charged BAT can be inferred in reverse.

[0147] It can be understood that in the first operational amplifier circuit 53, the resistors R9, R10 and the capacitor C7 constitute a post-stage filter of the current detection circuit 50, and its differential mode -3dB cut-off frequency is:

[0148]

[0149] In the second operational amplifier circuit 61, resistors R14, R15 and capacitor C8 constitute a post-stage filter of the voltage detection circuit 60, and its differential mode -3dB cut-off frequency is:

[0150]

[0151] It is understandable that the resistor R13 in the current detection circuit 50 can be used as a current limiting resistor to protect the output and avoid output short circuit. The resistor R18 in the voltage detection circuit 60 can be used as a current limiting resistor to protect the output and avoid output short circuit.

[0152] Please refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a current and voltage display module 70 , wherein the current input terminal of the current and voltage display module 70 is connected to the current detection circuit 50 , and the voltage input terminal of the current and voltage display module 70 is connected to the voltage detection circuit 60 .

[0153] The current and voltage display module 70 can determine and display the charging current of the battery to be charged BAT according to the current measurement signal output by the current detection circuit 50, and the current and voltage display module 70 can also determine and display the charging voltage received by the battery to be charged BAT according to the voltage measurement signal output by the voltage detection circuit 60. The user can determine the charging current and charging voltage in the current charging process according to the display content of the current and voltage display module 70.

[0154] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, a first fuse module may be provided between the first voltage stabilizing module 10 and the AC input terminal, and the first fuse module may be fused when the current is too large to prevent overcurrent damage to the charging circuit. Similarly, a second fuse module may be provided between the second voltage stabilizing module 11 and the DC input terminal to prevent overcurrent damage to the charging circuit.

[0155] In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a first output indicator light connected to the first voltage stabilizing module 10, which may light up when the first voltage stabilizing module 10 outputs a first DC voltage to prompt a user of the output state of the first voltage stabilizing module 10. Similarly, the charging circuit may further include a second output indicator light connected to the second voltage stabilizing module 11, which may light up when the second voltage stabilizing module 11 outputs a second DC voltage to prompt a user of the output state of the second voltage stabilizing module 11.

[0156] In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a status indication module connected to the charging voltage stabilizing module 30, and the status indication module may be used to indicate the working status of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. For example, the status indication module may be a three-color LED light.

[0157] In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a reverse current protection module, which is disposed between the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 and the precision resistor Rsense, and can prevent the current from flowing in reverse into the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 and prevent the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 from being damaged.

[0158] Please refer to Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include a third voltage stabilizing module 12 .

[0159] The input end of the third voltage stabilizing module 12 is connected to the output end of the power output module 20, and the third voltage stabilizing module 12 can convert the DC voltage output by the power output module 20 into a low-voltage power supply voltage. The low-voltage power supply voltage can power some modules in the charging circuit. For example, the power supply end of the current and voltage display module 70 can be connected to the output end of the third voltage stabilizing module 12, and the low-voltage power supply voltage output by the third voltage stabilizing module 12 is used to power the current and voltage display module 70.

[0160] In some embodiments, the charging circuit may further include an over-temperature protection circuit 80 , and the over-temperature protection circuit 80 may include a temperature sampling module 81 and an over-temperature control module 82 .

[0161] The battery to be charged BAT is provided with a temperature measuring element, the sampling end of the temperature sampling module 81 can be connected to the temperature measuring element, and the power supply end of the temperature sampling module 81 can be connected to the output end of the third voltage stabilizing module 12. That is, the third voltage stabilizing module 12 can also supply power to the temperature sampling module 81.

[0162] The temperature sampling module 81 may compare the acquired sampling signal with the reference signal, and determine whether the battery to be charged BAT is overheated according to the comparison result, and may output corresponding high and low level signals according to whether the battery to be charged BAT is overheated.

[0163] The input end of the over-temperature control module 82 is connected to the output end of the temperature sampling module 81, and the output end of the over-temperature control module 82 is connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. According to the high and low level signals output by the temperature sampling module 81, the over-temperature control module 82 can output an enable signal or a disable signal to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can maintain normal operation when receiving an enable signal, and can stop operating when receiving a disable signal.

[0164] Please refer to Fig.10 In some embodiments, the over-temperature control module 82 may include a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and a third transistor M3.

[0165] A first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the temperature sampling module 81 , a first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 , and a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the reference voltage end.

[0166] The first end of the third transistor M3 is connected to the control signal end, the first end of the third transistor M3 is also connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30, and the second end of the third transistor M3 is connected to the reference signal end.

[0167] When the third transistor M3 is turned on, the potential of the over-temperature enable terminal of the charging and voltage stabilizing module 30 can be pulled down to be a reference signal; when the third transistor M3 is turned off, the potential of the over-temperature enable terminal of the charging and voltage stabilizing module 30 can be pulled up to be a control signal.

[0168] The control signal can be used as an enable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30, and the reference signal can be used as a disable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. The charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can keep running when receiving the enable signal, and stop running when receiving the disable signal.

[0169] The third transistor M3 may be an N-channel metal oxide field effect transistor NMOS.

[0170] Please refer to Fig.10 In some embodiments, the temperature measuring element of the battery to be charged BAT is a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and the temperature sampling module 81 may include a first pull-up resistor R11, a second pull-up resistor R21, a protection resistor Rprot and a first operational amplifier U1.

[0171] The first end of the first pull-up resistor R11 is connected to the power supply terminal of the temperature sampling module 81, and the second end of the first pull-up resistor R11 is connected to the reference voltage terminal through the thermistor. The first end of the second pull-up resistor R21 is connected to the power supply terminal of the temperature sampling module 81. The resistance value of the first pull-up resistor R11 is the same as the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor R21.

[0172] A first end of the protection resistor Rprot is connected to a second end of the second pull-up resistor R21 , and a second end of the protection resistor Rprot is connected to a reference voltage end.

[0173] The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the second pull-up resistor R21, and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the first pull-up resistor R11; the first operational amplifier U1 can compare the voltages of the two input terminals and output a high level signal or a low level signal.

[0174] The first pull-up resistor R11 and the thermistor of the battery to be charged BAT form a voltage divider circuit, and the second pull-up resistor R21 and the protection resistor Rprot form a voltage divider circuit. Since the first pull-up resistor R11 and the second pull-up resistor R21 have the same resistance value, when the resistance value of the thermistor is the same as the protection resistor Rprot, the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 receive the same voltage signal.

[0175] When the temperature of the battery to be charged BAT rises, the resistance of the thermistor decreases. At this time, in the voltage divider circuit formed by the thermistor and the first resistor, the voltage across the thermistor decreases to a value less than the voltage across the protection resistor Rprot, so that the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is greater than the voltage at the inverting input terminal. At this time, the low-level signal output by the first operational amplifier U1 switches to a high-level signal. The high-level signal can drive the third transistor M3 to turn on, so that the over-temperature control enable terminal of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 receives the reference signal, thereby stopping operation when the battery to be charged BAT is over-temperature.

[0176] When the temperature of the battery to be charged BAT gradually decreases from overtemperature, the resistance of the thermistor increases. When the resistance of the thermistor increases to be greater than the protection resistor Rprot, the voltage across the thermistor increases to be greater than the voltage across the protection resistor Rprot, so that the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is less than the voltage at the inverting input terminal. At this time, the first operational amplifier U1 outputs a low-level signal. The low-level signal can drive the third transistor M3 to turn off, so that the over-temperature control enable terminal of the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 receives the control signal, so that the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 restarts operation.

[0177] In some embodiments, the temperature sampling module 81 may further include a first voltage regulating resistor R12 and a second voltage regulating resistor R22.

[0178] The first voltage regulating resistor R12 is connected between the first pull-up resistor R11 and the thermistor, and the second voltage regulating resistor R22 is connected between the second pull-up resistor R21 and the protection resistor Rprot. The resistance of the first voltage regulating resistor R12 is the same as the resistance of the second voltage regulating resistor R22, and the sum of the resistance of the first voltage regulating resistor R12 and the resistance of the protection resistor Rprot is the same as the resistance of the second pull-up resistor R21.

[0179] When the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor R21 is the same as the sum of the first voltage regulating resistor R12 and the protection resistor Rprot, the first voltage regulating resistor R12 and the protection resistor Rprot are regarded as pull-down resistors, and the resistance values ​​of the pull-up resistor and the pull-down resistor in the voltage divider circuit are the same, so that the voltage received by the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is half of the power supply terminal voltage, which can avoid the voltage at the over-temperature comparison point being too large or too small, and improve the voltage range of the over-temperature comparison.

[0180] In some embodiments, the temperature sampling module 81 may further include a first hysteresis resistor R13 and a second hysteresis resistor R23.

[0181] The first hysteresis resistor R13 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 and the reference signal terminal, and the second hysteresis resistor R23 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1. The resistance of the first hysteresis resistor R13 is the same as that of the second hysteresis resistor R23.

[0182] It can be understood that when the hysteresis resistor is not set, if the resistance of the thermistor is the same as the protection resistor Rprot, the corresponding battery temperature is T prot , the battery temperature is higher than T prot When the charging voltage stabilization module 30 stops running and the battery temperature is lower than T prot When the charging voltage regulation module 30 starts to operate. prot When the battery temperature is higher than T, the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 may be repeatedly started, which may damage the charging voltage stabilizing module 30. By setting the first hysteresis resistor R13 and the second hysteresis resistor R23, the battery temperature can be kept higher than T. prot When the charging voltage stabilization module 30 stops running and the battery temperature is lower than T rst When the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 starts to operate, by adjusting the resistance values ​​of the first hysteresis resistor R13 and the second hysteresis resistor R23, T prot With T rst There is a certain temperature difference. That is, the temperature of the battery to be charged BAT drops from a high temperature to slightly below T prot When the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 is not immediately restarted, but when the temperature of the battery to be charged BAT continues to drop to T rstTherefore, by setting the hysteresis resistor, it is possible to prevent the battery BAT to be charged from being in a high temperature state for a long time, and it is also possible to prevent the temperature of the battery BAT to be charged from being in a high temperature state at T prot Repeated shaking nearby.

[0183] As an optional implementation, the resistance values ​​of the first pull-up resistor R11 and the second pull-up resistor R21 can be set to Ra, the resistance values ​​of the first voltage regulating resistor R12 and the second voltage regulating resistor R22 can be set to Rb, and the resistance values ​​of the first hysteresis resistor R13 and the second hysteresis resistor R23 can be set to Rc. The resistance value of the thermistor is Rntc, and the resistance value of the protection resistor Rprot can be Rprot.

[0184] According to the sum of the protection resistor Rprot and the first voltage regulating resistor R12 being the same as the second pull-up resistor R21, it can be determined that:

[0185] R a =R b +R prot ;

[0186] When the over-temperature protection does not occur, the resistance of the thermistor is relatively large. At this time, the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is less than the voltage at the inverting input terminal. pw The inverting input voltage V nw The calculation formula is as follows:

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] Wherein, V3 is the power supply voltage of the temperature sampling module 81 .

[0190] When the temperature of the battery BAT to be charged increases, V pw =V nw When the over-temperature protection takes effect, the first operational amplifier U1 outputs a high-level signal V3. pw With V nw From the calculation formula, we can know that the resistance value of the thermistor when the over-temperature protection is triggered is R ntc1 for:

[0191] R ntc1 =R prot ;

[0192] After the over-temperature protection occurs, the voltage V pu The inverting input voltage V nu The calculation formula is as follows:

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] After the over-temperature protection occurs, if the temperature of the battery to be charged BAT decreases, the output signal of the first operational amplifier U1 changes from a high-level signal V3 to a low-level signal, which needs to satisfy V pu =V nu , from the above V pu With V nu The calculation formula shows that the battery temperature corresponding to the thermistor when triggering the charging voltage regulator module 30 to restart can be T rst , at this time the resistance of the thermistor is R ntc2 for:

[0196]

[0197] Since the resistance of the thermistor will not be less than 0, according to R ntc2 >0, it can be calculated that the corresponding relationship between Ra and Rc should satisfy:

[0198]

[0199] It is understandable that in order to meet the resistance change of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor, the resistance R of the thermistor when triggering the over-temperature protection ntc1 The resistance value R of the thermistor when the charging voltage regulator module 30 is triggered to restart ntc2 Should meet:

[0200] R ntc2 >R ntc1 ;

[0201] That is, the battery temperature T when the thermistor triggers the over-temperature protection prot The battery temperature T when the thermistor triggers the charging voltage regulator module 30 to restart rst Should meet:

[0202] T rst <T prot ;

[0203] That is, when the battery temperature rises to T prot When the battery temperature drops to T rst When the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 is started.

[0204] As an optional implementation, the thermistor, the first pull-up resistor R11, the first voltage regulating resistor R12, the first hysteresis resistor R13 and the third capacitor C3 can constitute an input filter.

[0205] The input voltage of the input filter is Vntc (s), the output voltage is V n (s), the transfer function is as follows:

[0206]

[0207] The cutoff frequency of the input filter is:

[0208]

[0209] According to the above formula, the cut-off frequency of the input filter has nothing to do with the resistance value of the thermistor.

[0210] In some embodiments, the first DC voltage output by the first voltage stabilizing module 10 and the second DC voltage output by the second voltage stabilizing module 11 can be set to the same voltage. When at least one of the AC input terminal and the DC input terminal provides an input voltage, the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can receive the DC voltage output by the power output module 20, and provide a suitable charging voltage to the battery to be charged BAT through voltage conversion.

[0211] Please refer to Fig.11 In some embodiments, the charging circuit may include at least two charging voltage stabilizing modules 30, each of which may be connected to a corresponding battery to be charged BAT. For example, the charging circuit may be provided with three charging voltage stabilizing modules 30, each of which may be connected to three batteries to be charged BAT in a one-to-one correspondence, and each charging voltage stabilizing module 30 may generate the charging voltage required by the corresponding battery to be charged BAT, so as to realize simultaneous charging of multiple batteries to be charged BAT.

[0212] It should be noted that when the charging circuit includes multiple charging voltage stabilizing modules 30, each module related to the charging voltage stabilizing module 30 in the above embodiment can be respectively applied to each charging voltage stabilizing module 30. For example, each charging voltage stabilizing module 30 can be respectively provided with at least one of the current detection circuit 50, the voltage detection circuit 60, the current and voltage display module 70, and the over-temperature protection circuit 80.

[0213] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which may include the charging circuit in the above embodiment.

[0214] The functional blocks shown in the above block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0215] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0216] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The above examples are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of this application. The above are only optional implementation methods of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concepts and technical solutions of this application to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A charging circuit, characterized in that: The charging circuit comprises: A first voltage stabilizing module, connected to the AC input terminal, and configured to convert the AC input voltage into a first DC voltage when the AC input terminal provides an AC input voltage; A second voltage stabilizing module is connected to the DC input terminal and is used to convert the DC input voltage into a second DC voltage when the DC input terminal provides a DC input voltage; A power output module, wherein two input ends of the power output module are respectively connected to the first voltage stabilizing module and the second voltage stabilizing module, and the power output module is used to output the first DC voltage or the second DC voltage; A charging and voltage stabilizing module, wherein the input end of the charging and voltage stabilizing module is connected to the output end of the power output module, and the output end of the charging and voltage stabilizing module is used to be connected to a battery to be charged.

2. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output module comprises: a first power diode, wherein an anode of the first power diode is connected to an output end of the first voltage stabilizing module, and a cathode of the first power diode is connected to an input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module; A second power diode, wherein an anode of the second power diode is connected to the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module, and a cathode of the second power diode is connected to the input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module.

3. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit further comprises: A reset module is connected between the power output module and the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the reset module includes a reset button; the reset module is used to disconnect the power output module from the charging voltage stabilizing module in response to a user triggering the reset button.

4. The charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset module comprises: A first transistor, wherein a first end of the first transistor is connected to an output end of the power output module, and a second end of the first transistor is connected to an input end of the charging voltage stabilizing module; a second transistor, wherein a first end of the second transistor is connected to the control end of the first transistor, and a second end of the second transistor is connected to the reference signal end; the second transistor is used to drive the first transistor to be turned on in the on state, and to drive the first transistor to be turned off in the off state; A reset control circuit, wherein the input end of the reset control circuit is connected to the output end of the power output module, the output end of the reset control circuit is connected to the control end of the second transistor, and the control end of the reset control circuit is connected to the reset button; the reset control circuit is used to adjust the first on-voltage output to the second transistor to the first off-voltage when the reset button is triggered.

5. The charging circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset control circuit comprises: a first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the power output module, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to the control end of the second transistor; a second resistor, wherein a first end of the second resistor is connected to a second end of the first resistor, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to the reset button; when the reset button is triggered, the second end of the second resistor is connected to a reference signal terminal; A first capacitor connected between a control terminal and a reference signal terminal of the second transistor; a third resistor, connected between the control terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the second transistor; The fourth resistor is connected between the control terminal of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first transistor.

6. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit further comprises: A precision resistor, wherein a first end of the precision resistor is connected to the output end of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and a second end of the precision resistor is used to be connected to the battery to be charged; A current detection circuit, wherein two input terminals of the current detection circuit are respectively connected to two terminals of the precision resistor, and the current detection circuit is used to detect the charging current; A voltage detection circuit, wherein an input end of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the second end of the precision resistor, and the voltage detection circuit is used to detect the charging voltage.

7. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The current detection circuit comprises: A common-mode differential-mode filter module, wherein two input terminals of the common-mode differential-mode filter module are respectively connected to two ends of the precision resistor, and the common-mode differential-mode filter module is used to collect common-mode current signals; A first current amplification module, wherein two input terminals of the first current amplification module are respectively connected to two input terminals of the common-mode and differential-mode filtering modules, and the first current amplification module is used to convert the common-mode current signal into a single-ended voltage signal; a first operational amplifier circuit, wherein an input end of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to an output end of the first current amplification module, and the first operational amplifier circuit is used to convert the single-ended voltage signal into a current measurement signal; The voltage detection circuit comprises: A second operational amplifier circuit, wherein an input end of the second operational amplifier circuit is connected to the second end of the precision resistor, and the second operational amplifier circuit is used to convert the collected voltage signal into a voltage measurement signal.

8. The charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The charging circuit further comprises: A current and voltage display module, wherein the current input terminal of the current and voltage display module is connected to the current detection circuit, the voltage input terminal of the current and voltage display module is connected to the voltage detection circuit, and the current and voltage display module is used to display the charging current and / or the charging voltage.

9. The charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit further comprises: A third voltage stabilizing module, wherein the input end of the third voltage stabilizing module is connected to the output end of the power output module, and the third voltage stabilizing module is used to convert the DC voltage output by the power output module into a low-voltage power supply voltage.

10. The charging circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The charging circuit also includes an over-temperature protection circuit, and the over-temperature protection circuit includes: A temperature sampling module, wherein a sampling end of the temperature sampling module is connected to a temperature measuring element of the battery to be charged, a power supply end of the temperature sampling module is connected to an output end of a third voltage stabilizing module, and the temperature sampling module is used to output a high or low level signal according to a comparison result between a sampling signal and a reference signal; An over-temperature control module, wherein the input end of the over-temperature control module is connected to the output end of the temperature sampling module, and the output end of the over-temperature control module is connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilization module; the over-temperature control module is used to output an enable signal or a disable signal to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilization module according to the high and low level signals output by the temperature sampling module; the charging voltage stabilization module stops running when receiving the disable signal.

11. The charging circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The over-temperature control module comprises: a fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth resistor being connected to the output end of the temperature sampling module; a sixth resistor, wherein a first end of the sixth resistor is connected to a second end of the fifth resistor, and a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to a reference voltage end; A third transistor, wherein the first end of the third transistor is connected to the control signal end, the first end of the third transistor is also connected to the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the second end of the third transistor is connected to the reference signal end; the third transistor is used to pull down the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module to a reference signal when turned on, and pull up the over-temperature control enable end of the charging voltage stabilizing module to a control signal when turned off; wherein the control signal is the enable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module, and the reference signal is the disable signal of the charging voltage stabilizing module.

12. The charging circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The temperature measuring element of the battery to be charged is a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and the temperature sampling module includes: A first pull-up resistor, wherein a first end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to a power supply end of the temperature sampling module, and a second end of the first pull-up resistor is connected to a reference voltage end through the thermistor; a second pull-up resistor, wherein a first end of the second pull-up resistor is connected to a power supply end of the temperature sampling module; wherein the resistance value of the first pull-up resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor, A protection resistor, wherein a first end of the protection resistor is connected to a second end of the second pull-up resistor, and a second end of the protection resistor is connected to a reference voltage end; A first operational amplifier, wherein a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the second pull-up resistor, and an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the first pull-up resistor; the first operational amplifier is used to output a high level signal or a low level signal according to the voltage magnitudes of the two input terminals.

13. The charging circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The temperature sampling module also includes: A first voltage regulating resistor, connected between the first pull-up resistor and the thermistor; The second voltage regulating resistor is connected between the second pull-up resistor and the protection resistor; wherein, The resistance value of the first voltage regulating resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second voltage regulating resistor, and the sum of the first voltage regulating resistor and the protection resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second pull-up resistor.

14. The charging circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The temperature sampling module also includes: A first hysteresis resistor is connected between the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the reference signal terminal; A second hysteresis resistor is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier; The resistance value of the first hysteresis resistor is the same as the resistance value of the second hysteresis resistor.

15. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The first DC voltage is the same as the second DC voltage.

16. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The charging circuit includes at least two charging voltage stabilizing modules, each of which is used to be connected to a corresponding battery to be charged.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a charging circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-16.

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