Side door evacuation apparatus and method of use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to rail transit evacuation equipment technical field, specifically to a side door evacuation equipment and its using method, wherein the evacuation equipment includes protection cabin, tray, evacuation ladder, first locking device, sensing switch and control unit, the inside of protection cabin forms accommodating cavity, protection cabin side has open mouth, the open mouth is equipped with cabin cover, the cabin cover can be covered in open mouth to close accommodating cavity, the tray is slidably installed in accommodating cavity, the evacuation ladder is installed on the tray, when the cabin cover is closed, one end of the first locking device is clamped on the open mouth, the sensing switch is arranged on the open mouth, when the cabin cover is closed, the cabin cover abuts against the sensing switch, the cabin cover, the tray, the evacuation ladder, the first locking device and the sensing switch are electrically connected with the control unit respectively, the control unit is equipped with speed measuring element. The present application can be automatically unfolded in emergency, passenger safety evacuation, at the same time, prevent accidental opening in the train journey and cause major safety accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit evacuation equipment technology, and more specifically, to a side door evacuation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] As an important mode of transportation, rail trains handle a large passenger volume, and passenger safety is a crucial issue for development. In case of an emergency requiring evacuation, the train will proceed to the next platform for evacuation. Once the train has come to a complete stop and the doors and platform screen doors have opened, passengers should evacuate to the platform under the guidance of station staff. If a sudden situation occurs during the train's journey, requiring on-site emergency evacuation, the height difference between the train and the ground poses a safety hazard and seriously affects the efficiency of passenger evacuation. In such cases, evacuation equipment must be used for evacuation.

[0003] As a device that can only be used in emergencies, if it is accidentally activated, it will interfere with the normal operation of the train and cause a major safety accident.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202310941974.9 discloses a novel side-door lifting evacuation ladder for urban rail vehicles. It includes a frame assembly, a drive mechanism, a rotating arm assembly, a manual operating device, and a pedal assembly. The frame assembly comprises a frame component, a guide rail slider pair, and a gas spring. The guide rail slider pair is fixed to both sides of the frame component, guiding the up-and-down sliding of the pedal assembly. One end of the gas spring is hinged to the frame component, and the other end is hinged to the first-stage pedal of the pedal assembly. This structure allows the lifting evacuation ladder to automatically open and close, is simple to operate, and has a high degree of automation. It can also be used in emergencies such as power outages, greatly improving the train's escape and evacuation capabilities. However, this solution lacks protective measures to prevent accidental opening, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a side door evacuation device and its usage method. The evacuation device can prevent accidental opening, avoid interfering with the normal operation of the train and causing safety accidents, and has a high safety factor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a side-door evacuation device, comprising a protective chamber, a tray, an evacuation ladder, a first locking device, a sensor switch, and a control unit. The interior of the protective chamber forms a receiving cavity, and one side of the protective chamber has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity. A cover is provided on the opening, and the cover can be movably covered to close the receiving cavity. The tray is slidably installed in the receiving cavity and can be movably extended out of the opening. The evacuation ladder is installed on the tray and can be movably deployed. The first locking device is installed on the cover. When the cover is closed, one end of the first locking device is locked onto the opening. The sensor switch is located on the opening. When the cover is closed, the cover abuts against the sensor switch. The cover, tray, evacuation ladder, first locking device, and sensor switch are all electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit is provided with a speed measuring element.

[0007] In this technical solution, the protective compartment is installed at the bottom of the train body, corresponding to the position of the train's side door. The control unit transmits unfolding or retracting signals. When the control unit receives the unfolding signal, the speed measuring element detects whether the train is in motion. Only when the train has come to a complete stop does the control unit control one end of the first locking device to disengage from the opening, controlling the cover to open. When the sensor switch detects that the cover is open, the control tray extends outward, and then the evacuation ladder unfolds. The evacuation ladder reduces the height difference between the train's side door and the ground, providing a safe evacuation route for passengers. When the control unit receives the retracting signal, the control unit controls the evacuation ladder to fold, the control tray retracts into the receiving cavity, and then the cover closes. After the sensor switch detects that the cover is completely closed, it controls one end of the first locking device to lock onto the opening, further securing the cover. This technical solution prevents the cover from unfolding during normal train operation, avoiding interference with normal train operation and providing a high safety factor.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, in order to maximize the storage space of the accommodating cavity, the edge of the hatch is rotatably connected to one side of the opening, and a first driving device is provided on one side of the opening. The power output end of the first driving device is connected to the hatch, and the first driving device is electrically connected to the control unit. When the hatch receives an opening command, the first driving device drives the hatch to flip outward.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, to further secure the hatch and prevent accidental opening, the first locking device includes an electronic lock and a knob. The electronic lock is installed on the edge of the hatch and has a rotating hook. The opening is provided with a retaining ring adapted to the hook. The knob is rotatably connected to the side of the hatch away from the hook, with one end of the knob passing through the hatch and connecting to the hook. When the first locking device receives an unfolding command, in the energized state, the hook rotates to disengage from the retaining ring, allowing the hatch to open freely. In the power-off state, the hook can be manually rotated using the outer knob. When the first locking device receives a retraction command, in the energized state, a sensor switch detects that the hatch is closed, causing the hook to rotate and engage with the retaining ring, thus securing the hatch. In the power-off state, the hook can also be manually rotated using the outer knob to secure the hatch.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve the sliding of the tray, a slide rail is fixed on one side of the accommodating cavity, a slider is slidably connected on the slide rail, the tray is connected to the slider, and a second driving device for driving the slider to slide is provided on the slide rail, the second driving device being electrically connected to the control unit.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, to fix the extended and retracted positions of the tray, the second locking device includes a locking pin and two locking structures adapted to the locking pin. The locking pin is fixed to the tray, and the two locking structures are respectively installed at both ends of the slide rail. One locking structure is installed corresponding to the retracted position of the tray, and the other locking structure is installed corresponding to the extended position of the tray. When the tray is fully extended, the corresponding locking structure locks the locking pin to fix the extended position of the tray. When the tray is fully retracted, the corresponding locking structure locks the locking pin to fix the retracted position of the tray. During the process of the tray extending or retracting upon receiving an action command, both locking structures are in an unlocked state until the tray reaches the designated position and then locks.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, to secure the locking pin, the locking structure includes a connector, a locking member, a cam, and a third drive device. The connector is fixed to one side of the slide rail. The locking member and the cam are rotatably connected to the connector. The third drive device is mounted on the connector, and its power output end is connected to the cam. The protruding end of the cam abuts against one end of the locking member to engage or disengage the locking member. The other end of the locking member is used to engage the locking pin. The third drive device is electrically connected to the control unit. The third drive device can drive the cam to rotate. In the locked state, the protruding end of the cam abuts against the locking member to prevent the locking member from rotating, thereby securing the locking pin. In the unlocked state, the protruding end of the cam moves away from the locking member, allowing the locking member to rotate freely and the locking pin to disengage freely from the locking member.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the evacuation ladder includes a support frame, a lifting rod, a fourth drive device, a tilting frame, a first connecting rod, a first step, a second step, and a third step. The support frame is vertically fixed to the bottom of the tray. The lifting rod is slidably connected to the support frame. The fourth drive device is mounted on the support frame, and its power output end is connected to the lifting rod. The middle part of the tilting frame is rotatably connected to one end of the tray. One end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the tilting frame. The first step is fixed to the top of the lifting rod. The second and third steps are sequentially fixed to the tilting frame. When the evacuation ladder is unfolded, the fourth drive device drives the lifting rod to rise. A rocker mechanism is formed between the first connecting rod, the tilting frame, and the lifting rod. The second and third steps tilt with the tilting frame. When the evacuation folding ladder is unfolded, the second and third steps are horizontally positioned for passenger evacuation. When folded, the second and third steps are tilted for easy storage and to reduce space occupation.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, in order to fix the lifting rod and the tilting frame, the lifting rod is provided with a first indexing pin, the support frame is provided with a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole that cooperate with the first indexing pin, the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole correspond to the raised position and the lowered position of the lifting rod, respectively, the tilting frame is provided with a second indexing pin, and the tray is provided with a third positioning hole that cooperates with the second indexing pin, the third positioning hole corresponds to the tilting position of the tilting frame in the unfolded state.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, to facilitate passenger evacuation, the flip-up frame is equipped with a folding handrail. The folding handrail is a parallel linkage mechanism and is connected to the top of the flip-up frame. A second connecting rod is provided between the tray and the folding handrail. One end of the second connecting rod is connected to the tray, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the folding handrail. When the flip-up frame flips, the second connecting rod drives the folding handrail to unfold or fold. At the same time as the flip-up frame flips, the second connecting rod drives the parallel linkage mechanism to unfold.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for using a side door evacuation device based on the above description, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: When the control unit receives the deployment command, it determines whether the current vehicle speed is zero. If the vehicle speed is zero, the control unit executes the deployment command; otherwise, the control unit issues an alarm.

[0018] S2: When the control unit executes the unfolding command, it controls the first locking device to unlock and open the hatch, and the sensor switch detects the position of the hatch;

[0019] S3: When the sensor switch detects that the hatch is open, it controls the tray to extend, and then the evacuation ladder unfolds, and passengers complete the emergency evacuation in sequence through the train side door and the evacuation ladder.

[0020] In this technical solution, the current driving status of the train is detected by a speed measuring element. The deployment or retraction command will only be executed when the train is stopped to prevent the evacuation equipment from being deployed accidentally during the train's operation. The first locking device is used to prevent the hatch from being opened accidentally, and the sensor switch is used to ensure that the tray extends again after the hatch is opened to avoid interference.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The side door evacuation device of the present invention controls the hatch after the control unit controls the control tray and evacuation ladder to unfold in sequence, providing passengers with a safe evacuation passage and reducing the height difference between the side door and the ground.

[0023] 2. The present invention locks the hatch with a first locking device to prevent the hatch from opening accidentally, and detects the train's running status with a speed measuring element to prevent the first locking device from unlocking accidentally during the journey, thereby ensuring the train's running safety.

[0024] 3. This invention protects evacuation equipment by installing evacuation ladders inside the protective cabin, reduces wind resistance during train operation, and enhances the overall aesthetics of the train.

[0025] 4. This invention achieves the automatic unfolding and retraction of the folding handrail through a linkage mechanism, which improves evacuation safety and ease of unfolding compared to traditional manual unfolding or handrail-less systems. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the side door evacuation device of the present invention in the retracted state;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the outer shell is hidden;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side door evacuation device of the present invention in its deployed state;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first locking device;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the installation of the tray;

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an evacuation staircase;

[0034] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part C in the middle;

[0035] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part D in the middle;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the method of using the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: Protective compartment 1; Outer shell 11; Frame 12; Receptacle 13; Opening 14; Hood 15; First drive device 151; First locking device 152; Hook 1522; Ring 1523; Knob 1524; Hanging column 16; Window 17; Sensor switch 18; Tray 2; Slide rail 21; Slider 22; Second drive device 23; Second locking device 24; Locking pin 241; Connector 242; Locking element 243; Cam 244; Third drive device 245; Second positioning hole 25; Evacuation ladder 3; Support frame 31; First positioning hole 311; Second positioning hole 312; Lifting rod 32; First indexing pin 321; Second indexing pin 322; Fourth drive device 33; Tilting frame 34; First connecting rod 35; First pedal 36; Second pedal 37; Third pedal 38; Fourth pedal 39; Handrail 4; Second connecting rod 41; Vehicle body 5. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "long," and "short" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a side door evacuation device, including a protective chamber 1, a tray 2, an evacuation ladder 3, a first locking device 152, a sensor switch 18, and a control unit. The interior of the protective chamber 1 forms a receiving cavity 13. One side of the protective chamber 1 has an opening 14 communicating with the receiving cavity 13. A cover 15 is provided on the opening 14, which can be movably covered to close the receiving cavity 13. The tray 2 is slidably installed in the receiving cavity 13 and can be movably extended out of the opening 14. The evacuation ladder 3... The first locking device 152 is installed on the hatch 15 and can be movably unfolded. When the hatch 15 is closed, one end of the first locking device 152 is locked on the opening 14. The sensor switch 18 is located on the opening 14. When the hatch 15 is closed, the hatch 15 abuts against the sensor switch 18. The hatch 15, the tray 2, the evacuation ladder 3, the first locking device 152, and the sensor switch 18 are all electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is equipped with a speed measuring element.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the protective cabin 1 includes an outer shell 11 and a frame 12. Multiple hanging columns 16 are fixed to the top of the frame 12. The protective cabin can be hoisted to the bottom of the vehicle body 5 through the hanging columns 16. The outer shell 11 covers the outer perimeter of the frame 12. Windows 17 for staff to maintain the equipment are provided on both sides of the outer shell 11. The sensor switch 18 is a contact switch. When the cover 15 touches the sensor switch 18, it is recognized that the cover 15 is closed. When the cover 15 moves away from the sensor switch 18, it is recognized that the cover 15 is open.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the edge of the hatch 15 is rotatably connected to one side of the opening 14. A first drive device 151 is provided on one side of the opening 14. The power output end of the first drive device 151 is connected to the hatch 15. The first drive device 151 is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0045] In this embodiment, an emergency evacuation button electrically connected to the control unit is also provided in the train carriage. The control unit is a central processing unit located inside the protective compartment 1. The first drive device 151 is a motor, and the rotating end of the motor is connected to the cover 15 to achieve the flipping.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first locking device 152 includes an electronic lock 1521 and a knob 1524. The electronic lock 1521 is installed on the edge side of the hatch 15. The electronic lock 1521 has a rotating hook 1522. The opening 14 is provided with a retaining ring 1523 adapted to the hook 1522. The knob 1524 is rotatably connected to the side of the hatch 15 away from the hook 1522. One end of the knob 1524 passes through the hatch 15 and is connected to the hook 1522.

[0047] In this embodiment, the electronic lock 1521 is equipped with a micro motor. The rotating end of the micro motor is connected to the hook 1522 to realize the automatic unlocking or locking of the hook 1522. In the event of a power failure, the hook 1522 can also be manually unlocked by rotating the knob 1524.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, a slide rail 21 is fixed on one side of the accommodating cavity 13, and a slider 22 is slidably connected on the slide rail 21. The tray 2 is connected to the slider 22. A second driving device 23 for driving the slider 22 to slide is provided on the slide rail 21. The second driving device 23 is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0049] In this embodiment, the second driving device 23 is a stepper motor, and a rotating lead screw is provided in the slide rail 21. The power output end of the stepper motor is connected to the transmission lead screw. The slider 22 is provided with a threaded hole that matches the transmission lead screw, and one end of the transmission lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider 22.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second locking device 24 includes a locking pin 241 and two locking structures adapted to the locking pin 241. The locking pin 241 is fixed on the tray 2, and the two locking structures are respectively installed at both ends of the slide rail 21. One of the locking structures is installed corresponding to the retracted position of the tray 2, and the other locking structure is installed corresponding to the extended position of the tray 2.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the tray 2 is fully extended, the locking pin 241 on the tray 2 is locked by the corresponding locking structure, and when the tray 2 is fully retracted, the locking pin 241 on the tray 2 is locked by the corresponding locking structure.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the locking structure includes a connector 242, a locking member 243, a cam 244, and a third drive device 245. The connector 242 is fixed to one side of the slide rail 21. The locking member 243 and the cam 244 are rotatably connected to the connector 242. The third drive device 245 is mounted on the connector 242. The power output end of the third drive device 245 is connected to the cam 244. The protruding end of the cam 244 abuts against one end of the locking member 243 to lock or release the locking member. The other end of the locking member 243 is used to lock the locking pin 241. The third drive device 245 is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0053] In this embodiment, the third driving device 245 is a telescopic cylinder. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to a rocker mechanism. The other end of the rocker mechanism is connected to the cam 244 to drive the cam 244 to rotate. When the protruding side of the cam 244 presses against one side of the locking member 243, the locking member 243 is locked and cannot rotate, thus locking the locking pin 241. When the protruding side of the cam 244 moves away from the side of the locking member 243, the locking member 243 is unlocked and can rotate freely.

[0054] Specifically, the evacuation ladder 3 includes a support frame 31, a lifting rod 32, a fourth drive device 33, a tilting frame 34, a first connecting rod 35, a first step 36, a second step 37, and a third step 38. The support frame 31 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the tray 2. The lifting rod 32 is slidably connected to the support frame 31. The fourth drive device 33 is mounted on the support frame 31, and the power output end of the fourth drive device 33 is connected to the lifting rod 32. The middle part of the tilting frame 34 is rotatably connected to one end of the tray 2. One end of the first connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting rod 32, and the other end of the first connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to one end of the tilting frame 34. The first step 36 is fixed to the top of the lifting rod 32, and the second step 37 and the third step 38 are sequentially fixed to the tilting frame 34.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fourth drive device 33 is a motor, and the power output end of the motor is connected to multiple drive wheels. The multiple drive wheels are respectively connected to both sides of the lifting rod 32 to drive the lifting rod 32 to move up and down. The bottom of the tilting frame 34 is also provided with a foldable fourth pedal 39. The fourth pedal 39 is connected by a rotating rod, and the fourth pedal 39 can be unfolded according to the ground height.

[0056] Specifically, the lifting rod 32 is provided with a first indexing pin 321, the support frame 31 is provided with a first positioning hole 311 and a second positioning hole 312 that cooperate with the first indexing pin 321, the first positioning hole 311 and the second positioning hole 312 correspond to the rising position and the falling position of the lifting rod 32, respectively, the flipping frame 34 is provided with a second indexing pin 322, and the tray 2 is provided with a third positioning hole 25 that cooperates with the second indexing pin 322, the third positioning hole 25 corresponds to the flipping position of the flipping frame 34 in the unfolded state.

[0057] In this embodiment, the lifting rod 32 can be manually pulled up and fixed by the first indexing pin 321 in the event of a power outage, while the tilting frame 34 is fixed by the second indexing pin 322.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 , 8 As shown, the flip frame 34 is provided with a folding armrest 4. The folding armrest 4 is a parallel linkage mechanism. The folding armrest 4 is connected to the top of the flip frame 34. A second connecting rod 41 is provided between the tray 2 and the folding armrest 4. One end of the second connecting rod is connected to the tray 2, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the folding armrest 4. When the flip frame 34 flips, the second connecting rod drives the folding armrest 4 to unfold or fold.

[0060] In this embodiment, the folding handrail 4 makes it easier for passengers with mobility impairments to evacuate, thus improving evacuation efficiency.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] This embodiment is similar to Embodiment 1, except that, in this embodiment, as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the width of the protective compartment 1 is adapted to the width of the vehicle body 5 and corresponds to the position of the side door. The two sides of the accommodating cavity 13 are respectively provided with trays 2 and evacuation ladders 3. In an emergency, the two trays 2 and evacuation ladders 3 are deployed at the same time, and passengers can evacuate from the side doors, which greatly improves evacuation efficiency.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for using the above-mentioned side door evacuation device, including the following steps:

[0065] S1: When the control unit receives the deployment command, the speed measuring element determines whether the current vehicle speed is zero. If the vehicle speed is zero, the control unit executes the deployment command; otherwise, the control unit issues an alarm.

[0066] S2: When the control unit executes the deployment command, it controls the first locking device 152 to unlock and open the hatch 15, and the sensor switch 18 detects the position of the hatch 15.

[0067] S3: When the sensor switch 18 detects that the hatch 15 is open, it controls the tray 2 to extend, and then the evacuation ladder 3 unfolds, and passengers complete the emergency evacuation in sequence through the train side door and the evacuation ladder 3.

[0068] In this embodiment, in step S1, when a passenger presses the emergency evacuation button, the evacuation command is transmitted to the train driver's cab. After the driver confirms the command, he transmits the command to the control unit, thereby further preventing passengers from accidentally touching the button. The sensor switch 18 enables the hatch cover 15 and the tray 2 to move sequentially to prevent interference.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side door evacuation apparatus, characterized by, The utility model provides an escape device, including protection cabin (1), tray (2), evacuation ladder (3), first locking device (152), sensing switch (18) and control unit, the inside of protection cabin (1) forms and holds the cavity (13), and one side of protection cabin (1) has the open mouth (14) with the communication of the holding cavity (13), is equipped with the hatch (15) on the open mouth (14), the hatch (15) can be movable cover in open mouth (14) place to close the holding cavity (13), tray (2) is slidably installed in the holding cavity (13) and can be movable and stretch out the open mouth (14), evacuation ladder (3) is installed on tray (2) and can be movable and unfold, first locking device (152) is installed on the hatch (15), when the hatch (15) is closed, one end of first locking device (152) is stuck on the open mouth (14), sensing switch (18) is equipped on the open mouth (14), when the hatch (15) is closed, the hatch (15) and sensing switch (18) abut, the hatch (15), tray (2), evacuation ladder (3), first locking device (152) and sensing switch (18) are electrically connected with control unit respectively, and the control unit is equipped with speed measuring element, one side of the holding cavity (13) is fixed with slide rail (21), the slide rail (21) is slidably connected with sliding block (22), and tray (2) is connected with sliding block (22), and the slide rail (21) is equipped with second drive device (23) for driving the sliding block (22) sliding, and second drive device (23) is electrically connected with control unit, and second locking device (24) includes lock pin (241) and two locking structures adapted with lock pin (241), lock pin (241) is fixed on tray (2), and two locking structures are installed at both ends of slide rail (21) respectively, wherein one locking structure corresponds with the retraction position of tray (2), and another locking structure corresponds with the extension position of tray (2), the locking structure includes connecting piece (242), locking piece (243), cam (244) and third drive device (245), connecting piece (242) is fixed on one side of slide rail (21), locking piece (243) and cam (244) are rotatably connected on connecting piece (242), third drive device (245) is installed on connecting piece (242), the power output end of third drive device (245) is connected with cam (244), the convex end of cam (244) is abutted with one end of locking piece (243) to clamp or loosen locking piece (243), the other end of locking piece (243) is used for clamping lock pin (241), and third drive device (245) is electrically connected with control unit.

2. A side door evacuation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The edge side of the hatch (15) is rotationally connected with one side of the opening (14), and one side of the opening (14) is provided with a first driving device (151), the power output end of the first driving device (151) is connected with the hatch (15), and the first driving device (151) is electrically connected with the control unit.

3. A side door evacuation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The first locking device (152) comprises an electronic lock (1521) and a knob (1524), the electronic lock (1521) is installed on the edge side of the hatch (15), the electronic lock (1521) has a rotating hook (1522), the opening (14) is provided with a clasp (1523) matched with the hook (1522), and the knob (1524) is rotationally connected on the side of the hatch (15) away from the hook (1522), one end of the knob (1524) penetrates through the hatch (15) and is connected with the hook (1522).

4. A side door evacuation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The evacuation ladder (3) comprises a support frame (31), a lifting rod (32), a fourth driving device (33), a turnover frame (34), a first connecting rod (35), a first pedal (36), a second pedal (37) and a third pedal (38), the support frame (31) is vertically fixed to the bottom of the tray (2), the lifting rod (32) is slidingly connected on the support frame (31), the fourth driving device (33) is installed on the support frame (31), and the power output end of the fourth driving device (33) is connected with the lifting rod (32), the middle part of the turnover frame (34) is rotationally connected on one end of the tray (2), one end of the first connecting rod (35) is rotationally connected with the top of the lifting rod (32), the other end of the first connecting rod (35) is rotationally connected with one end of the turnover frame (34), the first pedal (36) is fixed on the top of the lifting rod (32), and the second pedal (37) and the third pedal (38) are fixed on the turnover frame (34) in sequence.

5. A side door evacuation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein, A first indexing pin (321) is arranged on the lifting rod (32), first and second positioning holes (311, 312) matched with the first indexing pin (321) are arranged on the support frame (31), the first and second positioning holes (311, 312) correspond to the lifting position and the lowering position of the lifting rod (32) respectively, a second indexing pin (322) is arranged on the turnover frame (34), and a third positioning hole (25) matched with the second indexing pin (322) is arranged on the tray (2), the third positioning hole (25) corresponds to the turnover position of the turnover frame (34) in the unfolded state.

6. A side door evacuation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein The turnover frame (34) is provided with a folding handrail (4), the folding handrail (4) is a parallel link mechanism, the folding handrail (4) is connected to the top of the turnover frame (34), the tray (2) and the folding handrail (4) are provided with a second connecting rod (41), one end of the second connecting rod is connected with the tray (2), the other end of the second connecting rod is connected with the folding handrail (4), when the turnover frame (34) is turned over, the second connecting rod drives the folding handrail (4) to unfold or fold.

7. A method of using a side door evacuation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: When the control unit receives the unfolding instruction, the speed measuring element determines whether the current vehicle speed is zero, if the vehicle speed is zero, the control unit executes the unfolding instruction, otherwise the control unit issues an alarm; S2: When the control unit executes the unfolding instruction, control the first locking device (152) to unlock and open the hatch (15), the sensing switch (18) detects the position of the hatch (15); S3: When the sensing switch (18) detects that the hatch (15) is opened, control the tray (2) to extend, and then the evacuation ladder (3) is unfolded, and passengers complete emergency evacuation in turn through the train side door and the evacuation ladder (3).

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