Subway train damping device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage

Abstract

The invention provides a subway train damping device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage, and relates to the technical field of subway train damping, an elastic connecting piece is composed of a bracket, a limiting rod and a first spring, and a wheel carrier and a wheel are elastically connected; shock absorption is conducted between the wheel carrier and a train through the piezoelectric modules, the air bag assemblies and the air bag buffering pieces, so that shock between the train and the wheels is reduced through the shock absorption mechanisms, meanwhile, the buffering sleeves installed at the two ends of the wheel carrier are matched with the metal rods, and the purpose of shock absorption between the wheel carrier and the train is achieved; the magnet columns fixed in the grooves formed in the lower ends of the metal rods are located in the two sets of reversely-arranged copper coils, and the copper coils are installed in the cavities of the buffer sleeves, so that when the magnet columns move in the copper coils, due to the fact that magnetic substances are subjected to resistance in the powered-on spiral coils, the magnetic substances are prevented from falling off; and the metal rods and the buffering sleeves are matched to achieve buffering of the side supporting plates, damping of the train is achieved in an active damping mode, and the damping effect of the train is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of subway train shock absorption, and in particular to a subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Trains, that is, trains, are divided into two types: railway trains, which are the general form, and road trains, which are train-type cars, car trains, and road car trains. There are Australian mine transport trains and Chinese smart rail trains. Trains are the most important mechanical transportation tools in human history. In the early days, they were called steam locomotives, also called trains, and they travel on independent tracks. Railway trains can be divided into freight trucks and passenger cars according to the load. There are also passenger and freight cars that carry both, and many continuous vehicles. Generally refers to a train, especially a train that is connected in a train and consists of a traction locomotive and freight or passenger cars.

[0003] Since trains are easily affected by uneven tracks and unbalanced wheels when traveling at high speeds, the trains vibrate during travel. Traditional trains use springs and shock absorbers for shock absorption. However, this type of shock absorption is passive, resulting in the problem that the shock absorption effect is not obvious during train travel.

[0004] Based on this, a subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage is designed. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the above technical problem that the existing train uses springs and shock absorbers for shock absorption, the effect is not obvious, and a subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage is provided. The present invention mainly utilizes an elastic connector arranged between the wheel frame and the wheel and a pneumatic shock absorption mechanism installed on the upper surface of the wheel frame for shock absorption of the train, thereby achieving a better shock absorption effect.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A subway train shock absorbing device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage, comprising an elastic connecting piece arranged between a wheel frame and a wheel, and a pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism installed on the upper surface of the wheel frame;

[0008] The elastic connecting member comprises a bracket rotatably mounted on both ends of the wheel, the two ends of the bracket are provided with holes and limit rods are movably mounted in the holes, and the limit rods are outer-circuited with a first spring;

[0009] The pneumatic shock absorbing device includes a middle support plate and a side support plate arranged above the wheel frame, two airbag buffer parts are arranged in the middle between the middle support plate and the wheel frame, airbag assemblies are arranged on the lower surfaces of both ends of the middle support plate, and a piezoelectric module is arranged at the lower end of the airbag assembly, and the piezoelectric module is arranged on the wheel frame; a metal rod is connected between the side support plate and the wheel frame, the upper end of the metal rod is sleeved with a fifth spring, and buffer sleeves are installed at both ends of the wheel frame, the lower end of the metal rod passes through the wheel frame and is movably installed in the interior of the buffer sleeve, the lower end of the metal rod is provided with a groove, and a magnet column is installed in the groove, and a copper coil is installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the airbag buffer comprises an inflatable bag, and the upper and lower ends of the inflatable bag are respectively provided with a top plate and a bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the wheel frame, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the middle support plate;

[0011] An upper limit block fixedly connected to the top plate is installed inside the upper end of the inflatable bag, and an upper buffer rubber plate is arranged between the upper limit block and the inflatable bag, a lower limit block fixedly connected to the bottom plate is installed inside the lower end of the inflatable bag, and a lower buffer rubber plate is arranged between the lower limit block and the inflatable bag, a fourth spring is arranged between the upper limit block and the lower limit block, the fourth spring is located inside the inflatable bag, a third spring is arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate, and the third spring is located outside the inflatable bag.

[0012] Furthermore, the airbag assembly includes an airbag component arranged at the upper end of the piezoelectric module, a second spring is installed inside the airbag component, the outer surface of the upper end of the airbag component is fixedly connected to the second clamping plate, the second clamping plate is fixed to the lower surface of the middle support plate, the inner surface of the upper end of the airbag component is fixedly connected to the first clamping plate, and the lower surface of the first clamping plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second spring.

[0013] Furthermore, an air pump for inflating and deflation of the airbag buffer is installed on the lower surface of the middle part of the wheel frame, and the air pump is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module.

[0014] Furthermore, a solenoid valve for inflating the airbag is installed in the middle of the lower limit block, and the air inlet end of the solenoid valve is connected to the air outlet end of the air pump.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the first spring is connected to the lower surface of the wheel frame, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the upper surface of the bracket.

[0016] Furthermore, two side support plates are provided, and the two side support plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle support plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a sealing ring is arranged in a groove at the lower end of the metal rod, and the sealing ring contacts the inner surface of the buffer sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, two groups of copper coils arranged in opposite directions are installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve, each group of copper coils is provided with two layers of sub-coils, and the magnet column is located in the two groups of copper coils arranged in opposite directions.

[0019] Furthermore, the wheel frame is a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the middle portion of the wheel frame is bent downward to support the middle support plate through the piezoelectric module, the airbag assembly and the airbag buffer.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The present invention is a subway train shock absorbing device composed of an elastic connector and a pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism, and the elastic connector is composed of a bracket, a limit rod and a first spring, and the bracket is rotatably mounted at both ends of the bracket, so that the limit rod fixed on the lower surface of the wheel frame is movably mounted in the holes opened at both ends of the bracket, so that the first spring connected to the outer shell of the limit rod is used to elastically adjust the bracket, so that the wheel frame and the wheel are elastically connected;

[0022] The pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism is used to connect the wheel frame and the train, so that the wheel frame and the train are shock-absorbing through the piezoelectric module, the airbag assembly and the airbag buffer, so that the vibration between the train and the wheel is damped through the shock absorbing mechanism, and at the same time, the buffer sleeves installed at both ends of the wheel frame cooperate with the metal rod to also achieve the purpose of shock absorption between the wheel frame and the train, and the magnet column fixed in the groove at the lower end of the metal rod is located in two groups of copper coils set in opposite directions, and the copper coil is installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve, so that when the magnet column moves in the copper coil, the magnetic material encounters resistance in the energized spiral coil, so that the metal rod and the buffer sleeve cooperate to achieve the buffering of the side support plate, and the train is shock-absorbing by active shock absorption, which improves the shock absorption effect of the train, and the middle support plate, piezoelectric module, airbag assembly, airbag buffer, side support plate, metal rod, buffer sleeve, magnet column, copper coil cooperate to absorb the shock of the train, and the fifth spring sleeved on the upper end of the metal rod facilitates the metal rod to be reset by the fifth spring after displacement.

[0023] 2. The bottom plate and top plate are installed at both ends of the inflatable bag of the present invention, and the upper end of the inflatable bag is fixed to the top plate by an upper limit block, and an upper buffer rubber plate is also arranged between the upper limit block and the inflatable bag, and the lower end of the inflatable bag is fixed to the low plate by a lower limit block, and a lower buffer rubber plate is also arranged between the lower limit block and the low plate, so that the two ends of the inflatable bag are supported, and the stability of the structure at both ends of the inflatable bag is improved. The fourth spring installed between the upper buffer rubber plate and the lower limit block, and the third spring installed between the low plate and the top plate, and the solenoid valve installed on the lower limit block are connected to the air pump, so that the air pump can inflate and deflate the inflatable bag through the solenoid valve, and the third spring and the fourth spring can cooperate to buffer the airbag buffer, thereby achieving the purpose of the airbag buffer buffering the wheel frame and the middle support plate.

[0024] 3. The second spring installed in the airbag component of the present invention is used to elastically connect the piezoelectric module with the middle support plate to prevent the piezoelectric module from being damaged due to excessive pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the metal rod and buffer sleeve in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the piezoelectric module and airbag assembly in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the piezoelectric module and airbag assembly in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0032] In the figure: 1. wheel frame; 2. wheel; 3. bracket; 4. limit rod; 5. first spring; 6. middle support plate; 7. piezoelectric module; 8. airbag assembly; 81. airbag component; 82. second spring; 83. first clamping plate; 84. second clamping plate; 9. airbag buffer component; 91. bottom plate; 92. top plate; 93. upper limit block; 94. upper buffer rubber plate; 95. lower limit block; 96. lower buffer rubber plate; 97. inflatable bag; 98. third spring; 99. fourth spring; 100. solenoid valve; 10. side support plate; 11. metal rod; 12. buffer sleeve; 13. fifth spring; 14. magnet column; 15. sealing ring; 16. copper coil; 17. air pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a subway train shock absorbing device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage, including an elastic connector arranged between a wheel frame 1 and a wheel 2, and a pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism installed on the upper surface of the wheel frame 1 for shock absorbing during the running of the train;

[0041] The elastic connecting member includes a bracket 3 rotatably mounted at both ends of the wheel 2, and a limit rod 4 with holes provided at both ends of the bracket 3 and movably mounted in the holes, and a first spring 5 is connected to the outer surface of the limit rod 4, and both ends of the first spring 5 are in contact with the wheel frame 1 and the bracket 3 respectively;

[0042] The pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism includes a middle support plate 6 and a side support plate 10 arranged above the wheel frame 1. There are two side support plates 10, and the two side support plates 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle support plate 6. Two airbag buffer parts 9 are fixed between the wheel frame 1 and the middle support plate 6. A piezoelectric module 7 is installed in the middle of the wheel frame 1, and an airbag assembly 8 is installed on the upper part of the piezoelectric module 7, and the airbag assembly 8 is fixed on the lower surface of the two ends of the middle support plate 6. Metal rods 11 are fixed at both ends of the side support plates 10, and the upper end of the metal rod 11 is sleeved with a fifth spring 13 for resetting. Buffer sleeves 12 are installed at both ends of the wheel frame 1, and the lower end of the metal rod 11 passes through the wheel frame 1 and is movably installed inside the buffer sleeve 12. A magnet column 14 is installed in the hole opened at the lower end of the metal rod 11, and two groups of copper coils 16 arranged in opposite directions are installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve 12.

[0043] The subway train shock absorbing device is composed of an elastic connecting member and a pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism, and the elastic connecting member is composed of a bracket 3, a limit rod 4 and a first spring 5, and the bracket 3 is rotatably installed at both ends of the bracket 3, so that the limit rod 4 fixed on the lower surface of the wheel frame 1 is movably installed in the holes opened at both ends of the bracket 3, so that the first spring 5 connected to the outer shell of the limit rod 4 is used to elastically adjust the bracket 3, so that the wheel frame 1 and the wheel 2 are elastically connected, and the pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism is used to connect the wheel frame 1 with the train, so that the wheel frame 1 and the train are shock-absorbing through the piezoelectric module 7, the airbag assembly 8 and the airbag buffer 9, so that the vibration between the train and the wheel 2 is shock-absorbing through the shock absorbing device, and at the same time, the buffer sleeves 12 installed at both ends of the wheel frame 1 cooperate with the metal rod 11 to also achieve the purpose of shock absorption between the wheel frame 1 and the train. The magnet column 14 fixed in the groove at the lower end of the metal rod 11 is located in two groups of copper coils 16 arranged in opposite directions, and the copper coil 16 is installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve 12, so that when the magnet column 14 moves in the copper coil 16, the magnetic material encounters resistance in the energized spiral coil, so that the metal rod 11 and the buffer sleeve 12 cooperate to achieve the buffering of the side support plate 10, and realize the active shock absorption of the train, thereby improving the shock absorption effect of the train, and achieving the middle support plate 6, piezoelectric module 7, airbag assembly 8, airbag buffer 9, side support plate 10, metal rod 11, buffer sleeve 12, magnet column 14, copper coil 16 to reduce the shock of the train, and the fifth spring 13 sleeved on the upper end of the metal rod 11 is convenient for the metal rod 11 to be reset by the fifth spring 13 after displacement.

[0044] A sealing ring 15 is installed in a groove formed on the outer surface of the lower end of the metal rod 11 , and the sealing ring 15 contacts the inner surface of the buffer sleeve 12 .

[0045] A sealing ring 15 is installed in a groove on the outer surface of the lower end of the metal rod 11, and the sealing ring 15 contacts the inner surface of the buffer sleeve 12, so that the metal rod 11 is supported by the sealing ring 15 when moving in the buffer sleeve 12, thereby increasing the stability of the metal rod 11 when moving in the buffer sleeve 12.

[0046] Each group of copper coils 16 is provided with two layers of sub-coils. By providing two layers of sub-coils for each group of copper coils 16, the number of coils of the copper coils 16 is increased, and it is convenient for the copper coils 16 to provide a stronger magnetic field after being energized, so that the magnetic field of the copper coils 16 after being energized can reversely drive the magnet column 14 in the moving process.

[0047] The wheel frame 1 is a rectangular plate structure, and the middle part of the wheel frame 1 is bent downward to support the middle support plate 6 through the piezoelectric module 7, the airbag assembly 8 and the airbag buffer 9. The middle part of the wheel frame 1 is convenient for buffering through the piezoelectric module 7, the airbag assembly 8 and the airbag buffer 9.

[0048] An air pump 17 for inflating and deflation of the airbag cushioning member 9 is installed on the lower surface of the middle part of the wheel frame 1, and the air pump 17 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module 7. The piezoelectric module 7 is convenient for the air pump 17 to be powered on and controlled, so that the air pump 17 is convenient for the air pump 17 to inflate and deflate the airbag cushioning member 9.

[0049] The airbag buffer 9 includes an inflatable bag 97, and a bottom plate 91 and a top plate 92 are provided at both ends of the inflatable bag 97. The bottom plate 91 is fixed to the wheel frame 1, and the top plate 92 is fixed to the middle support plate 6. An upper limit block 93 fixed to the top plate 92 is installed inside the upper end of the inflatable bag 97, and an upper buffer rubber plate 94 is provided between the upper limit block 93 and the inflatable bag 97. A lower limit block 95 fixed to the bottom plate 91 is installed inside the lower end of the inflatable bag 97, and a lower buffer rubber plate 96 is provided between the lower limit block 95 and the inflatable bag 97. A fourth spring 99 is fixed between the upper limit block 93 and the lower limit block 95, and the fourth spring 99 is located inside the inflatable bag 97. A third spring 98 is fixed between the bottom plate 91 and the top plate 92, and the third spring 98 is located outside the inflatable bag 97.

[0050] The airbag buffer 9 is composed of a bottom plate 91, a top plate 92, an upper limit block 93, an upper buffer rubber plate 94, a lower limit block 95, a lower buffer rubber plate 96, an airbag 97, a third spring 98, a fourth spring 99 and an electromagnetic valve 100. The bottom plate 91 and the top plate 92 are installed at both ends of the airbag 97. At the same time, the upper end of the airbag 97 is fixed to the top plate 92 through the upper limit block 93, and an upper buffer rubber plate 94 is also provided between the upper limit block 93 and the airbag 97. The lower end of the airbag 97 is fixed to the bottom plate 91 through the lower limit block 95, and a lower buffer is also provided between the lower limit block 95 and the bottom plate 91. The punching rubber plate 96 supports the two ends of the airbag 97, thereby improving the stability of the structure at both ends of the airbag 97. The fourth spring 99 installed between the upper buffer rubber plate 94 and the lower limit block 95, and the third spring 98 installed between the bottom plate 91 and the top plate 92, and the solenoid valve 100 installed on the lower limit block 95 are connected to the air pump 17, so that the air pump 17 can inflate and deflate the airbag 97 through the solenoid valve 100, and the third spring 98 and the fourth spring 99 can cooperate to buffer the airbag buffer 9, thereby achieving the purpose of the airbag buffer 9 buffering the wheel frame 1 and the middle support plate 6.

[0051] A solenoid valve 100 for inflating the airbag 97 is installed in the middle of the lower limit block 95, and the air inlet end of the solenoid valve 100 is connected to the air outlet end of the air pump 17. Specifically, the airbag assembly 8 includes an airbag component 81 fixed to the upper end of the piezoelectric module 7, a second spring 82 for buffering is installed inside the airbag component 81, a second clamping plate 84 is fixed to the upper end of the airbag component 81, and the second clamping plate 84 is fixed to the lower surface of the middle support plate 6, a first clamping plate 83 is fixed to the inner surface of the upper end of the airbag component 81, and the upper end of the second spring 82 is fixed to the lower surface of the first clamping plate 83.

[0052] The airbag assembly 8 is composed of an airbag component 81, a second spring 82, a first clamping plate 83 and a second clamping plate 84, wherein the first clamping plate 83 and the second clamping plate 84 are used to fix the upper end of the airbag component 81, and the second spring 82 installed in the airbag component 81 is used to elastically connect the piezoelectric module 7 and the middle support plate 6 to prevent the piezoelectric module 7 from being damaged by excessive pressure.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage, characterized in that: It comprises an elastic connecting member arranged between a wheel frame (1) and a wheel (2), and a pneumatic shock absorbing mechanism installed on the upper surface of the wheel frame (1); The elastic connecting member comprises a bracket (3) rotatably mounted on both ends of the wheel (2), holes are arranged at both ends of the bracket (3) and limit rods (4) are movably mounted in the holes, and the limit rods (4) are outer-mounted with a first spring (5); The pneumatic shock absorbing device comprises a middle support plate (6) and a side support plate (10) arranged above the wheel frame (1); two airbag buffer members (9) are arranged in the middle between the middle support plate (6) and the wheel frame (1); airbag assemblies (8) are arranged on the lower surfaces of both ends of the middle support plate (6); a piezoelectric module (7) is arranged at the lower end of the airbag assembly (8); and the piezoelectric module (7) is arranged on the wheel frame (1); the side support plates (10) and A metal rod (11) is connected between the wheel frames (1), the upper end of the metal rod (11) is sleeved with a fifth spring (13), buffer sleeves (12) are installed at both ends of the wheel frame (1), the lower end of the metal rod (11) passes through the wheel frame (1) and is movably installed inside the buffer sleeve (12), a groove is provided at the lower end of the metal rod (11) and a magnet column (14) is installed in the groove, and a copper coil (16) is installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve (12).

2. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The airbag buffer (9) comprises an inflatable bag (97), the upper and lower ends of the inflatable bag (97) are respectively provided with a top plate (92) and a bottom plate (91), the bottom plate (91) is fixedly connected to the wheel frame (1), and the top plate (92) is fixedly connected to the middle support plate (6); An upper limit block (93) fixedly connected to the top plate (92) is installed inside the upper end of the inflatable bag (97), and an upper buffer rubber plate (94) is arranged between the upper limit block (93) and the inflatable bag (97); a lower limit block (95) fixedly connected to the bottom plate (91) is installed inside the lower end of the inflatable bag (97), and a lower buffer rubber plate (96) is arranged between the lower limit block (95) and the inflatable bag (97); a fourth spring (99) is arranged between the upper limit block (93) and the lower limit block (95), and the fourth spring (99) is located inside the inflatable bag (97); a third spring (98) is arranged between the bottom plate (91) and the top plate (92), and the third spring (98) is located outside the inflatable bag (97).

3. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The airbag assembly (8) includes an airbag component (81) arranged at the upper end of the piezoelectric module (7), a second spring (82) is installed inside the airbag component (81), the upper end outer surface of the airbag component (81) is fixedly connected to the second clamping plate (84), the second clamping plate (84) is fixed to the lower surface of the middle support plate (6), the upper end inner surface of the airbag component (81) is fixedly connected to the first clamping plate (83), and the lower surface of the first clamping plate (83) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second spring (82).

4. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An air pump (17) for inflating and deflation of the airbag buffer (9) is installed on the lower surface of the middle part of the wheel frame (1), and the air pump (17) is electrically connected to the piezoelectric module (7).

5. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A solenoid valve (100) for inflating the airbag (97) is installed in the middle of the lower limit block (95), and the air inlet end of the solenoid valve (100) is connected to the air outlet end of the air pump (17).

6. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the first spring (5) is connected to the lower surface of the wheel frame (1), and the other end of the first spring (5) is connected to the upper surface of the bracket (3).

7. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two side support plates (10) are provided, and the two side support plates (10) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle support plate (6).

8. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A sealing ring (15) is arranged in a groove at the lower end of the metal rod (11), and the sealing ring (15) is in contact with the inner surface of the buffer sleeve (12).

9. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two groups of copper coils (16) arranged in opposite directions are installed in the cavity of the buffer sleeve (12), each group of copper coils (16) is provided with two layers of sub-coils, and the magnet column (14) is located in the two groups of copper coils (16) arranged in opposite directions.

10. The subway train shock absorption device based on piezoelectric effect vibration energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel frame (1) is a rectangular plate-shaped structure, and the middle portion of the wheel frame (1) is bent downward to support the middle support plate (6) through the piezoelectric module (7), the airbag assembly (8) and the airbag buffer (9).

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