Top skin mounting method and mounting equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy buses, in particular to a roof skin mounting method and mounting equipment thereof. The method comprises the following steps: gluing a top framework, namely placing the top framework on a mounting workbench with the upper surface facing upwards, and gluing the position where the upper surface of the top framework is in contact connection with a middle top skin; the middle top skin is bonded and positioned, the lower surface of the middle top skin is moved downwards to the position above the top framework, and the middle top skin and the top framework fall down in an up-down one-to-one correspondence mode and are bonded and fixed at the gluing position; and the lap joint of the middle top skin and the side skin is welded and fixed. The invention discloses a roof skin mounting method and mounting equipment, and solves the technical problems of low mounting strength, poor mounting quality, easiness in causing rain leakage of a roof and easiness in generating large noise of an existing roof skin mounting mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy buses, and in particular to a top skin installation method and installation equipment thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the market's requirements for automobile economy and comfort continue to increase, new energy buses with a battery structure installed at the bottom of the vehicle will cause the bottom of the car to be raised, requiring the installation of multiple steps, resulting in low comfort. At the same time, there are also dangerous problems such as passengers easily falling when getting on the bus. Therefore, new energy buses with a roof-mounted battery structure have been favored by the market and are being used more and more.

[0003] However, the roof-mounted battery is heavy, and the top frame and top skin of existing new energy buses with a roof-mounted battery structure are mostly installed by: the middle top skin is expanded and stretched, and the circumference is densely spot welded to the side skins, and the middle area of ​​the middle top skin is spot welded to the top frame at intervals from inside the vehicle for fixed installation.

[0004] However, the quality of this spot welding connection is difficult to control, and it is easy to have welding defects such as cold welding, false welding, and perforation, and the connection strength is difficult to guarantee. In this way, when the vehicle is driving up and down, it is easy to cause the spot welding points between the middle roof skin and the top frame to become unsoldered and perforated, which not only causes the connection to fail, but also causes the roof to leak, seriously affecting the passenger experience, and also increases the manufacturer's after-sales maintenance costs; and when the vehicle is driving bumpy, the roof skin is also easy to agitate, collide and rub with the frame to produce a lot of noise, affecting the passenger experience and reducing the vehicle's driving quality. These problems need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a roof skin installation method and installation equipment thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of the existing roof skin installation method, such as low installation strength, poor installation quality, easy to cause roof leakage and easy to generate large noise.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a top skin installation method, comprising:

[0007] Step 200, gluing the top frame, firstly placing the top frame with its upper surface facing upward on the installation workbench, and then gluing the position where the upper surface of the top frame contacts and connects with the middle top skin;

[0008] Step 300, the middle top skin is bonded and positioned, the lower surface of the middle top skin is moved downward to the top of the top frame, and the middle top skin and the top frame are dropped one by one up and down and bonded and fixed at the gluing position;

[0009] Step 500: The top middle skin and the side skin are welded and fixed at the overlapped part.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step 200, electrophoretic glue is applied at the position where the upper surface of the top frame contacts and connects with the middle top skin;

[0011] The height of the glue is greater than or equal to 10mm.

[0012] Furthermore, before step 200, the method further includes:

[0013] Step 100, cleaning the adhesive base surface, using a cleaning agent to clean the lower surface of the center top skin and the upper surface of the top frame to remove surface oil stains.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 300, the middle top skin placed on the skin turnover frame is controlled by a control switch to raise the lifting support rods of a plurality of lifting support mechanisms located below the skin turnover frame to lift the middle top skin upwards, and the raised middle top skin is translated to the top of the top frame through a slide rail slidably connected to the plurality of lifting support mechanisms. After the middle top skin is adjusted to be aligned one by one with the top frame up and down, the lifting support rods of the plurality of lifting support mechanisms are again controlled to be lowered by the control switch to drive the middle top skin to fall onto the upper surface of the top frame, and be bonded and fixed at the gluing position.

[0015] Furthermore, before step 500, step 400 is also included, in which the middle top skin is tensioned, including:

[0016] In step 410, the tensioning end of the middle top skin is first fixed, then marked, and the hydraulic cylinder is pressed at a uniform speed to tension the middle top skin. After tensioning, the tensioning amount is measured to see whether it meets the standard requirement of 0.5‰.

[0017] In step 420, after the tensioning is completed, the tensioning end is immediately drilled and riveted to fix.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 500, it includes:

[0019] Step 510, using a plasma cutter to cut off the excess portion of the front end of the middle top skin, and aligning the cut middle top skin with the side skins on both sides;

[0020] Step 520, performing tack welding at the overlap between the middle top skin and the side skins on both sides, and performing tack welding from the middle to both ends;

[0021] Step 530, full welding is performed at the overlap between the middle top skin and the side skins on both sides, and full welding is performed from the middle to both ends using a segmented back-welding method.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 520, the spacing between the tack welds is between 70 and 100 mm; and / or

[0023] In step 530, the length of each weld of the segmented back-welding is 0.8 to 1 m.

[0024] In a second aspect, the application provides a top skin installation device, based on any of the top skin installation methods described above, the top skin installation device comprises: an installation workbench, a skin turnover frame and a skin moving assembly;

[0025] The skin turnover rack is used for temporarily placing the middle top skin, the installation workbench is used for placing the top frame, the middle top skin and the side skins, and the skin moving assembly is used for moving the middle top skin from the skin turnover rack to the installation workbench.

[0026] Further, the installation workbench and the skin turnover frame are arranged in sequence along the first direction;

[0027] The skin moving assembly includes a slide rail extending along the first direction below the installation workbench and the skin turnover frame, and a plurality of lifting support mechanisms connected to the slide rail in a sequentially sliding manner at the bottom, and a control switch for controlling the start and stop of the slide rail and the lifting and lowering of each lifting support mechanism, and each lifting support mechanism includes a lifting support rod.

[0028] Furthermore, at least two slide rails are symmetrically arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other, and each of the slide rails is slidably connected to a plurality of the lifting support mechanisms; and / or

[0029] The top skin installation equipment further comprises a skin tensioning machine arranged at one end side of the installation workbench; and / or

[0030] The lifting support mechanism adopts a pneumatic lifting support mechanism and a pneumatic lifting support rod.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the roof skin installation method and the installation device provided by the present application adopt a method of gluing the top frame and bonding the contact connection position of the middle roof skin, so that the top frame and the middle roof skin directly contacting and connected to the roof battery are elastically connected and fixed, so that the connection position of the middle roof skin has a large connection buffer elasticity, and at the same time, the connection position is surface-to-surface bonded and fixed, which greatly improves the connection strength of the middle roof skin connection position. Even if the weight of the roof battery is large, the quality problems of spot welding defects such as false welding, false welding and perforation caused by the existing spot welding connection method will not occur, which greatly enhances the roof battery new energy The quality requirements for bus skin installation effectively avoid the problem of large-area roof leakage caused by problems with the top skin connection, ensure the passenger experience, and reduce the manufacturer's after-sales maintenance costs caused by problems such as leakage of the middle roof skin. It also effectively reduces the problem of loud noise caused by the roof skin fluttering and collision and friction with the top frame when the vehicle is bumpy, thereby improving the NVH of the whole vehicle, that is, greatly reducing the noise and vibration of the whole vehicle, and improving the comfort of passengers. It also uses welding at the overlap of the middle roof skin and the side skin to further improve the firmness and reliability of the installation connection of the top skin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the top skin installation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a top skin installation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 A partial structural top view of a top skin installation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the AA section shown in FIG.

[0037] Figure 5 A flow chart of the top skin installation method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 10-top skeleton;

[0040] 11- Reserved assembly parts;

[0041] 21- middle top skin;

[0042] 22-side skin;

[0043] 30-Install the workbench;

[0044] 40-skin turnover rack;

[0045] 50-slide rail;

[0046] 60-lifting support mechanism;

[0047] 61-lifting support rod;

[0048] 70-Skin tensioning machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a roof skin installation method and a roof skin installation device, which are applied to new energy buses with a roof-mounted battery structure, such as roof-mounted battery new energy buses, tourist buses, etc.

[0057] The top skin installation method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0058] Step S100, cleaning the adhesive base surface, cleaning the lower surface of the middle top skin 21 and the upper surface of the top frame 10 to remove surface oil stains, preferably using a cleaning agent for cleaning.

[0059] This step can make the subsequent gluing connection better and enhance the strength and stability of the connection to a certain extent.

[0060] Step S200, gluing the top frame, first place the top frame 10 with the upper surface facing upward on the installation workbench 30, and then glue is applied at the position where the upper surface of the top frame 10 contacts and connects with the middle top skin 21; preferably, electrophoretic glue is used, which can improve the lubricity and corrosion resistance of the metal surface, prevent fuzzing and scaling of the metal surface, and extend the service life. It can also improve the adhesion of electrophoretic coating, enhance the adhesion of the coating, and reduce surface loss. The coatings used in electrophoretic glue are mostly environmentally friendly and have little impact on the environment. Electrophoretic coating has a low cost, and the electrophoretic process has a high degree of automation, which is suitable for mass production, and does not require additional labor, which greatly saves costs. Electrophoretic glue is suitable for various metal surfaces such as aluminum, copper, steel, zinc, etc. It has wide practicality and is simple to operate. It only needs to be applied and dried.

[0061] Step S300, the middle top skin is bonded and positioned, the lower surface of the middle top skin 21 is moved downward to the top of the top frame 10, and the middle top skin 21 and the top frame 10 are dropped one by one and bonded and fixed at the glue-applied position. The middle top skin 21 and the top frame 10 are bonded and fixed.

[0062] Step S400: tensioning the middle top skin.

[0063] Step S500: The top middle skin and the side skin are welded and fixed at the overlapped part.

[0064] Correspondingly, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top skin installation equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an installation workbench 30 , a skin turnover frame 40 , a skin moving assembly and a skin tensioning machine 70 arranged on one end side of the installation workbench 30 .

[0065] Among them, the skin turnover rack 40 is used to temporarily place the middle top skin 21, and before moving, the base surface of the lower surface of the middle top skin 21 to be bonded can be cleaned and washed to remove surface oil and dirt, so as to improve the subsequent bonding effect; the installation workbench 30 is used to place the top frame 10, the middle top skin 21, the side skins 22 on both sides, and the skin tensioning machine 70 arranged on one end side of the installation workbench 30; the skin moving assembly is used to move the middle top skin 21 from the skin turnover rack 40 to the installation workbench 30.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the top skin installation method and top skin installation device provided in the embodiment of the present application adopt a method of gluing the top frame 10 and bonding the contact connection position with the middle top skin 21, so that the top frame 10 is elastically connected and fixed with the middle top skin 21 which is directly connected to the top battery on the roof, so that the connection position of the middle top skin 21 has a large connection buffer elasticity, and at the same time, the connection position is bonded and fixed surface to surface, which greatly improves the connection strength of the connection position of the middle top skin 21; even if the weight of the top battery is large, the quality problems of spot welding defects such as false welding, false welding and perforation caused by the existing spot welding connection method will not occur, which greatly enhances the quality requirements of the skin installation of the new energy bus with a roof battery and effectively avoids The problem of large-area rain leakage on the roof caused by the connection problem of the top skin is solved, which ensures the car-using experience of passengers and reduces the after-sales maintenance costs of manufacturers caused by the leakage of the middle roof skin 21 and other problems; it also effectively reduces the problem of loud noise caused by the roof skin fluttering and the collision and friction with the top frame 10 when the vehicle is bumpy, and improves the NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) of the whole vehicle, that is, greatly reduces the noise and vibration of the whole vehicle and improves the riding comfort of passengers; and it is also combined with the middle roof skin 21 and the side skins 22 on both sides by welding at the overlap, so as to further improve the firmness and reliability of the installation connection of the top skin.

[0067] Furthermore, in the aforementioned step S200, the height of the glue application is preferably greater than or equal to 10 mm, so as to further ensure the bonding firmness and elasticity of the connection position and amplify the benefits of the adhesive connection.

[0068] Further preferably, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the aforementioned installation workbench 30 and the skin turnover frame 40 can be installed along Figure 1 The first direction a shown is arranged in sequence, and in order not to affect each other's operation, the installation workbench 30 and the skin turnover frame 40 can be arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the first direction a. In addition, the aforementioned skin moving assembly may specifically include at least one slide rail 50 located below the installation workbench 30 and the skin turnover frame 40 and extending along the first direction a, and a plurality of lifting support mechanisms 60 sequentially connected to the slide rail 50 by bottom sliding, and a control switch for controlling the start and stop of the slide rail 50 and the lifting and lowering of each lifting support mechanism 60, and each lifting support mechanism includes a lifting support rod 61, which is vertically arranged in the longitudinal direction and lifts and lowers in the longitudinal direction.

[0069] Correspondingly, in step S300 of the aforementioned top skin installation method, the middle top skin 21 placed on the aforementioned skin turnover frame 40 can be lifted by the aforementioned lifting support mechanism 60. Specifically, the lifting support rods 61 of the plurality of aforementioned lifting support mechanisms 60 located below the skin turnover frame 40 can be controlled to lift up by the control switch to lift up the middle top skin 21, and the lifted middle top skin 21 can be translated to the top of the top frame 10 by the slide rail 50 slidably connected to the plurality of lifting support mechanisms 60. After the middle top skin 21 is adjusted to be aligned one by one with the top frame 10, the lifting support rods 61 of the plurality of lifting support mechanisms 60 are controlled to descend again by the control switch to drive the middle top skin 21 to fall on the upper surface of the top frame 10, and be bonded and fixed at the gluing position.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application adopts this skin moving component to move the middle top skin 21. First, it can achieve the goal of not damaging or adhering the electrophoretic glue already applied on the top frame 10, and will not affect the subsequent bonding effect. Second, it can achieve the goal of accurately positioning the middle top skin 21 without damaging the applied electrophoretic glue without large-scale lifting equipment, thereby effectively improving work efficiency and ensuring work quality, while also reducing the operator's work intensity and avoiding the use of large-scale lifting equipment.

[0071] On the basis of the aforementioned embodiment, an optional embodiment is that the aforementioned lifting support mechanism 60 can adopt a pneumatic lifting support mechanism and a pneumatic lifting support rod, and the slide rail 50 can also adopt a pneumatic slide rail accordingly. The pneumatic lifting support rod can realize the slide rail movement in the front and rear directions through the pneumatic slide rail arranged below, which can meet the installation and use of the middle roof skin of various structures and various models, and greatly improve the utilization rate of the production line.

[0072] Another optional embodiment is, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, at least two slide rails 50 may be symmetrically arranged side by side and evenly spaced. Figure 4 The X in the middle indicates an axis of symmetry, and each slide rail 50 is also slidably connected with a plurality of the aforementioned lifting support mechanisms 60 to enhance stability during lifting, moving, and lowering.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, in step 400 of the above-mentioned top skin installation method, the following steps may be specifically included:

[0074] In step 410, the tensioning end of the middle top skin 21 is first fixed, and then the tensioning end of the middle top skin 21 is marked, specifically, a marking pen can be used to mark, and the hydraulic cylinder is pressed at a uniform speed to tension the middle top skin 21. After tensioning, the tensioning amount is measured to see whether it meets the standard requirement of 0.5‰;

[0075] In step 420, after the tensioning is completed, the tensioning end is immediately drilled and riveted to fix.

[0076] A more preferred embodiment is that, in the aforementioned step 500, specifically, the following steps may be included:

[0077] Step 510, using a plasma cutter to cut off the redundant front end portion of the middle top skin 21, and aligning the cut middle top skin 21 with the side skins 22 on both sides;

[0078] Step 520, performing tack welding at the overlapped portions of the middle top skin 21 and the side skins 22 on both sides, and performing tack welding from the middle to both ends. Preferably, the spacing between the tack welding points is between 70 and 100 mm to ensure that there is no obvious gap at the overlapped portions.

[0079] Step 530, full welding is performed at the overlap between the middle top skin 21 and the side skins 22 on both sides, and full welding is performed from the middle to both ends by means of segmented back-welding. The length of each weld of the segmented back-welding is 0.8 to 1 m.

[0080] The combination of positioning welding and full welding can further improve the connection strength of the overlap between the middle top skin 21 and the side skins 22 on both sides.

[0081] In addition, if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a plurality of reserved assembly parts 11 are also provided on the top frame 10 and the middle top skin 21 , which are used to be fixedly connected with the bracket of the top battery subsequently installed on the middle top skin 21 .

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for installing a top skin, characterized in that: include: Step 200, gluing the top frame, firstly placing the top frame with its upper surface facing upward on the installation workbench, and then gluing the position where the upper surface of the top frame contacts and connects with the middle top skin; Step 300, the middle top skin is bonded and positioned, the lower surface of the middle top skin is moved downward to the top of the top frame, and the middle top skin and the top frame are dropped one by one up and down and bonded and fixed at the gluing position; Step 500: The top middle skin and the side skin are welded and fixed at the overlapped part.

2. The top skin installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 200, electrophoretic glue is applied at the position where the upper surface of the top frame contacts and connects with the middle top skin; The height of the glue is greater than or equal to 10mm.

3. The top skin installation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Before step 200, the method further includes: Step 100, cleaning the adhesive base surface, using a cleaning agent to clean the lower surface of the center top skin and the upper surface of the top frame to remove surface oil stains.

4. The top skin installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 300, the middle top skin placed on the skin turnover frame is controlled by a control switch to raise the lifting support rods of a plurality of lifting support mechanisms located below the skin turnover frame to lift the middle top skin upwards, and the raised middle top skin is translated to the top of the top frame through a slide rail slidably connected to the plurality of lifting support mechanisms. After the middle top skin is adjusted to be aligned one by one with the top frame up and down, the lifting support rods of the plurality of lifting support mechanisms are lowered again by the control switch to drive the middle top skin to fall onto the upper surface of the top frame and be bonded and fixed at the gluing position.

5. The top skin installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step 500, the method further includes step 400, namely, tensioning the middle top skin, including: In step 410, the tensioning end of the middle top skin is first fixed, then marked, and the hydraulic cylinder is pressed at a uniform speed to tension the middle top skin. After tensioning, the tensioning amount is measured to see whether it meets the standard requirement of 0.5‰. In step 420, after the tensioning is completed, the tensioning end is immediately drilled and riveted to fix.

6. The top skin installation method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: In step 500, it includes: Step 510, using a plasma cutter to cut off the excess portion of the front end of the middle top skin, and aligning the cut middle top skin with the side skins on both sides; Step 520, performing tack welding at the overlap between the middle top skin and the side skins on both sides, and performing tack welding from the middle to both ends; Step 530, full welding is performed at the overlap between the middle top skin and the side skins on both sides, and full welding is performed from the middle to both ends using a segmented back-welding method.

7. The top skin installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 520, the spacing between the tack welds is between 70 and 100 mm; and / or In step 53, the length of each weld of the segmented back-welding is 0.8-1 mm.

8. A top skin installation device, based on the top skin installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The top skin installation equipment includes: installation workbench, skin turnover rack and skin moving assembly; The skin turnover rack is used for temporarily placing the middle top skin, the installation workbench is used for placing the top frame, the middle top skin and the side skins, and the skin moving assembly is used for moving the middle top skin from the skin turnover rack to the installation workbench.

9. The top skin installation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The installation workbench and the skin turnover frame are arranged in sequence along the first direction; The skin moving assembly includes a slide rail extending along the first direction below the installation workbench and the skin turnover frame, and a plurality of lifting support mechanisms connected to the slide rail in a sequentially sliding manner at the bottom, and a control switch for controlling the start and stop of the slide rail and the lifting and lowering of each lifting support mechanism, and each lifting support mechanism includes a lifting support rod.

10. The top skin installation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least two slide rails are symmetrically arranged side by side and spaced apart from each other, and each of the slide rails is slidably connected to a plurality of the lifting support mechanisms; and / or The top skin installation equipment further comprises a skin tensioning machine arranged at one end side of the installation workbench; and / or The lifting support mechanism adopts a pneumatic lifting support mechanism and a pneumatic lifting support rod.

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