Air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft refrigeration assembly temperature control, and particularly relates to an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system and a control method thereof. A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system to monitor the working state of the system; the opening degree of the temperature control valve, the opening degree of the cold air duct adjusting valve and the opening and closing of the low-temperature limiting valve are adjusted according to different temperatures, and stable and safe operation of the three-wheel cooling system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of temperature control of aircraft refrigeration components, and in particular to an aerodynamic bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The aerodynamic bearing turbine tricycle cooling system is often used in large and medium-sized aircraft, but its temperature control is mutually coupled, which makes the temperature control more difficult and the temperature control effect is poor. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, and the refrigeration component of the cooling system includes:

[0004] Primary radiator, air turbine assembly with compressor and cooling turbine, secondary radiator, regenerator, condenser, high pressure water separator;

[0005] Among them, the air enters the compressor of the air turbine assembly after cooling in the primary radiator, is compressed by the compressor to increase temperature and pressure, and then enters the secondary radiator for further cooling. The air leaving the secondary radiator enters the hot end of the regenerator, where it is cooled by the cold air from the high-pressure water separator, and then passes through the hot side of the condenser. In the hot side of the condenser, the air is cooled to below the saturation temperature by the exhaust gas of the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly, so that the water vapor in the air condenses into liquid under high pressure, and then the condensed free water is separated by the high-pressure water separator. After passing through the high-pressure water separator, the air containing a small amount of condensed water droplets passes through the cold end of the regenerator. The air passing through the hot side of the regenerator evaporates the condensed water into water vapor to prevent ice formation in the turbine. The air enters the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly, expands and cools down when cooling the turbine. The shaft power generated during expansion drives the compressor and fan to rotate, and the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy to reduce the exhaust temperature at the turbine outlet. The cold air at the turbine outlet is heated by the condenser and supplied to the cabin.

[0006] Preferably, before the air enters the primary radiator, another air path passes through a low temperature limiting valve and directly enters the cooling turbine outlet of the air turbine assembly to prevent icing of the cooling turbine outlet of the air turbine assembly and the hot side of the condenser.

[0007] Preferably, a component outlet temperature sensor is installed at the condenser outlet, a component temperature sensor is set at the high-pressure water separator outlet, and a compressor outlet temperature sensor and a compressor outlet over-temperature switch are set at the compressor outlet.

[0008] Preferably, air passing through the assembly temperature control valve communicates the hot air after the primary radiator with air at the air turbine assembly outlet for temperature control.

[0009] Preferably, both the primary radiator and the secondary radiator are cooled by ram air flowing through the ram air channel.

[0010] Preferably, there is a path of hot air at the compressor outlet to continuously heat the condenser and turbine to prevent icing.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust port of the ram air channel is equipped with a cold air channel adjustment valve for adjusting the exhaust area of ​​the ram air channel.

[0012] Preferably, the pipelines of the cold side inlet and outlet and the hot side inlet and outlet of the condenser are respectively provided with pressure difference monitoring devices. When the pressure difference of the pressure difference monitoring device exceeds a preset value, it indicates that the condenser is frozen, the low temperature limiting valve is started, and hot air is used to de-ice the condenser.

[0013] Preferably, the flow rate of air entering the aerodynamic bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system is controlled by a flow control device.

[0014] A control method for an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, used for stably controlling the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system:

[0015] When the compressor outlet temperature is less than 90°C, the cold air duct regulating valve angle is controlled to move in the closing direction to increase the compressor outlet temperature;

[0016] When the compressor outlet temperature is greater than 145°C, the cold air duct regulating valve is controlled to move in the open direction to reduce the compressor outlet temperature; when the compressor outlet temperature is between [90°C-145°C], the cold air duct regulating valve does not move;

[0017] If the cold air duct is in the fully open position and the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 200°C, the flow rate through the compressor is reduced by lowering the flow rate gear of the flow control device to reduce the flow rate through the compressor, reduce the compressor outlet temperature, and set the corresponding temperature of the recovery gear to 170°C; if the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 230°C after the flow rate is reduced, the gas flow through the compressor is reduced by opening the component temperature control valve, reducing the compressor efficiency, thereby reducing the compressor outlet temperature, and setting the corresponding temperature to restore normal control to 205°C;

[0018] Set the target value of the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component, and control the angle of the component temperature control valve by comparing the difference between the measured value of the outlet temperature sensor of the refrigeration component and the target value, so as to adjust the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component;

[0019] Calculate the freezing temperature values ​​corresponding to different heights. If the condenser temperature is lower than the freezing temperature value, open the temperature control valve to increase the condenser temperature to prevent the condenser from freezing.

[0020] Preferably, when the temperature measured by the compressor outlet temperature sensor or the over-temperature switch exceeds 240° C., a compressor outlet over-temperature alarm is issued to prompt the unit to shut down the refrigeration component to protect the system safety.

[0021] Preferably, the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component is monitored, and when the temperature exceeds 80°C, an over-temperature alarm of the refrigeration component outlet is issued to prompt the unit to shut down the refrigeration component to protect the safety of the system.

[0022] The advantages of this application include: facing a complex and changeable working environment, the aerodynamic bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system can work stably, and at the same time, through decoupling, the system control logic is simplified to achieve a control method for a single control target and a single control object, thereby avoiding oscillation in control coupling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system in a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of compressor outlet temperature control logic;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the refrigeration component outlet temperature control logic.

[0026] 1 Flow control device 9 Condenser 2 Bleed air filter 10 High pressure water separator 3 Primary Radiator 11 Component temperature sensor 4 Air turbine components 12 Component outlet temperature sensor 5 Compressor outlet temperature sensor 13 Low temperature limit valve 6 Compressor outlet over-temperature switch 14 Component temperature control valve 7 Secondary radiator 15 Turbofan exhaust 8 Regenerator 16 Cold air duct adjustment valve DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail in detail and in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only partial embodiments of the present application, which are only used to explain the present application, not to limit the present application. It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, and other related parts can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0028] In addition, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the words "installed", "connected", "connected" and similar terms used in the description of this application should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. Technical personnel in the field can understand their specific meanings in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, the cooling component of the cooling system includes:

[0030] A primary radiator 3, an air turbine assembly 4 having a compressor and a cooling turbine, a secondary radiator 7, a regenerator 8, a condenser 9, and a high-pressure water separator 10;

[0031] After the bleed air of the air source system passes through the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, the gas is divided into two paths through the flow control device 1 and the bleed air filter 2. One path of air directly enters the outlet of the air turbine assembly 4 through the low-temperature limiting valve 13, and is used for anti-icing of the outlet of the air turbine assembly 4 and the hot side of the condenser 9. The other path of air enters the primary radiator 3 for cooling and then enters the compressor of the air turbine assembly 4. After being compressed and heated and pressurized by the compressor, it enters the secondary radiator 7 for further cooling. The air leaving the secondary radiator 7 enters the hot end of the regenerator 8, is cooled by the cold air from the high-pressure water separator 10 in the regenerator 8, and then passes through the hot side of the condenser 9 and is cooled in the cold side. In the hot side of the condenser 9, the air is cooled to below the saturation temperature by the exhaust gas of the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly 4, so that the water vapor in the air condenses into liquid under high pressure, and then the condensed free water is separated by the high-pressure water separator 10. After passing through the high-pressure water separator 10, the air containing a small amount of condensed water droplets passes through the cold end of the regenerator 8. The air passing through the hot side of the regenerator 8 evaporates the condensed water into water vapor to prevent ice formation in the turbine. The air enters the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly 4, and is cooled by expansion during the cooling turbine. The shaft power generated during the expansion drives the compressor and the fan to rotate, and the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy to reduce the exhaust temperature at the turbine outlet. The cold air at the turbine outlet is heated by the condenser and supplied to the cabin.

[0032] Preferably, a component outlet temperature sensor 12 is installed at the condenser outlet, a component temperature sensor 11 is set at the outlet of the high-pressure water separator 10, and a compressor outlet temperature sensor 5 and a compressor outlet over-temperature switch 6 are set at the compressor outlet.

[0033] The low temperature limit valve connects the air at the primary radiator inlet and the refrigeration component outlet, which has a higher temperature to prevent ice formation.

[0034] The temperature control valve connects the air from the primary radiator outlet to the refrigeration component outlet, and the higher temperature is used for temperature regulation.

[0035] Preferably, both the primary radiator 3 and the secondary radiator 7 are cooled by the ram air flowing in through the ram air channel, and a cold air channel regulating valve is installed at the exhaust port of the ram air channel for adjusting the exhaust area of ​​the ram air channel.

[0036] Preferably, the pipelines of the cold side inlet and outlet and the hot side inlet and outlet of the condenser 9 are respectively provided with pressure difference monitoring devices. When the pressure difference of the pressure difference monitoring device exceeds a preset value, it indicates that the condenser 9 is frozen, and the low temperature limiting valve 13 is started to use hot air to de-ice the condenser 9.

[0037] Preferably, the flow rate of air entering the aerodynamic bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system is controlled by a flow control device 1.

[0038] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the stable operation of the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system requires ensuring that the compressor outlet temperature is not over-temperature, the condenser is not frozen, and the component outlet temperature is within the target range. The system is equipped with a compressor outlet temperature sensor 5, a compressor outlet over-temperature switch 6, a component outlet temperature sensor 12, and a component temperature sensor 11, which are used for system control and monitoring. Through system decoupling, the opening of the cold air duct regulating valve 16 is adjusted, the ram air flow is controlled to adjust the compressor outlet temperature, the component temperature control valve opening is adjusted, the refrigeration component outlet temperature is controlled, and the compressor outlet over-temperature switch and condenser temperature sensor are used to monitor the system working state. At the same time, the pipeline pressure difference monitoring of the cold side inlet and outlet and the hot side inlet and outlet of the condenser is increased. When the condenser is frozen, the condenser inlet and outlet pressure difference becomes larger. When the pressure difference is large, the low temperature limit valve is activated, and the condenser is de-iced by hot air. The flow control device in the system is divided into three gears, and different flow rates are selected according to different tasks.

[0039] The compressor temperature control logic is as follows:

[0040] When the compressor outlet temperature is less than 90℃, the cold air duct regulating valve angle is controlled to move toward the closing direction to increase the compressor outlet temperature; when the compressor outlet temperature is greater than 145℃, the cold air duct regulating valve angle is controlled to move toward the opening direction to reduce the compressor outlet temperature; when the compressor outlet temperature is between [90℃-145℃], the cold air duct regulating valve does not move;

[0041] If the cold air duct is in the fully open position and the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 200°C, the flow rate through the compressor is reduced by lowering the flow rate gear of the flow control device to reduce the flow rate through the compressor, reduce the compressor outlet temperature, and set the corresponding temperature of the recovery gear to 170°C; if the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 230°C after the flow rate is reduced, the gas flow through the compressor is reduced by opening the component temperature control valve, reducing the compressor efficiency, thereby reducing the compressor outlet temperature, and setting the corresponding temperature to restore normal control to 205°C;

[0042] Two heterogeneous temperature sensors, the compressor outlet over-temperature switch and the compressor outlet temperature sensor, are set to monitor the compressor outlet temperature. When the temperature measured by the sensor or the over-temperature switch exceeds 240°C, a compressor outlet over-temperature alarm is issued, prompting the unit to shut down the refrigeration components to protect the system safety.

[0043] The refrigeration component outlet temperature is controlled as follows:

[0044] According to the set temperature and actual temperature of the cabin, the target value of the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component is calculated. By comparing the difference between the measured value of the outlet temperature sensor of the refrigeration component and the target value, the angle of the component temperature control valve is controlled to adjust the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component;

[0045] Calculate the freezing temperature values ​​corresponding to different heights. If the condenser temperature is lower than the freezing temperature value, open the temperature control valve to increase the condenser temperature to prevent the condenser from freezing. Monitor the pressure difference between the cold side inlet and the hot side inlet of the condenser. When the condenser freezes, the pressure difference between the condenser inlet and outlet increases. When the pressure difference is large, start the low temperature limit valve to use hot air to de-ice the condenser. De-icing will cause the outlet temperature of the components to rise.

[0046] Monitor the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component. When the temperature exceeds 80℃, an over-temperature alarm will be issued to prompt the unit to shut down the refrigeration component to protect the system safety.

[0047] Through the above measures, the compressor outlet temperature and the refrigeration component outlet temperature can be stably controlled under the premise of ensuring the safety and reliability of the system, ensuring stable operation of the system.

[0048] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, characterized in that: The refrigeration component of the cooling system includes: A primary radiator (3), an air turbine assembly (4) having a compressor and a cooling turbine, a secondary radiator (7), a regenerator (8), a condenser (9), and a high-pressure water separator (10); The air enters the primary radiator (3) for cooling and then enters the compressor of the air turbine assembly (4). After being compressed by the compressor to increase the temperature and pressure, the air enters the secondary radiator (7) for further cooling. The air leaving the secondary radiator (7) enters the hot end of the regenerator (8), where it is cooled by the cold air from the high-pressure water separator (10). The air then passes through the hot side of the condenser (9). In the hot side of the condenser (9), the air is cooled to below the saturation temperature by the exhaust gas of the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly (4), so that the water vapor in the air is cooled. The air condenses into liquid under high pressure, and then the condensed free water is separated by a high-pressure water separator (10). After passing through the high-pressure water separator (10), the air containing a small amount of condensed water droplets passes through the cold end of the regenerator (8). The air passing through the hot side of the regenerator (8) evaporates the condensed water into water vapor to prevent ice from forming in the turbine. The air enters the cooling turbine of the air turbine assembly (4), and is cooled by expansion during the cooling of the turbine. The shaft power generated during the expansion drives the compressor and the fan to rotate, and the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, thereby reducing the exhaust temperature at the turbine outlet. The cold air at the turbine outlet is heated by the condenser and then supplied to the cabin.

2. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the air enters the primary radiator (3), another air path passes through the low temperature limiting valve (13) and directly enters the cooling turbine outlet of the air turbine assembly (4), which is used for anti-icing of the cooling turbine outlet of the air turbine assembly (4) and the hot side of the condenser (9).

3. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A component outlet temperature sensor (12) is installed at the condenser outlet, a component temperature sensor (11) is set at the high-pressure water separator (10) outlet, and a compressor outlet temperature sensor (5) and a compressor outlet over-temperature switch (6) are set at the compressor outlet.

4. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Air passing through the module temperature control valve (14) connects the hot air after the primary radiator to the air at the outlet of the air turbine module for temperature control.

5. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The primary radiator (3) and the secondary radiator (7) are both cooled by the ram air flowing into the ram air channel.

6. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: There is a path of hot air at the compressor outlet to continuously heat the condenser and turbine to prevent icing.

7. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust port of the ram air channel is equipped with a cold air channel adjustment valve for adjusting the exhaust area of ​​the ram air channel.

8. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipelines of the cold side inlet and outlet and the hot side inlet and outlet of the condenser (9) are respectively provided with pressure difference monitoring devices. When the pressure difference of the pressure difference monitoring device exceeds a preset value, it indicates that the condenser (9) is frozen, and the low temperature limiting valve (13) is activated to use hot air to de-ice the condenser (9).

9. The air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow rate of air entering the aerodynamic bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system is controlled by a flow control device (1).

10. A control method for an air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system, used for stably controlling the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: When the compressor outlet temperature is less than 90°C, the cold air duct regulating valve angle is controlled to move in the closing direction to increase the compressor outlet temperature; When the compressor outlet temperature is greater than 145°C, the cold air duct regulating valve is controlled to move in the open direction to reduce the compressor outlet temperature; when the compressor outlet temperature is between [90°C-145°C], the cold air duct regulating valve does not move; If the cold air duct is in the fully open position and the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 200°C, the flow rate through the compressor is reduced by lowering the flow rate gear of the flow control device to reduce the flow rate through the compressor, reduce the compressor outlet temperature, and set the corresponding temperature of the recovery gear to 170°C; if the compressor outlet temperature still exceeds 230°C after the flow rate is reduced, the gas flow through the compressor is reduced by opening the component temperature control valve, reducing the compressor efficiency, thereby reducing the compressor outlet temperature, and setting the corresponding temperature to restore normal control to 205°C; Set the target value of the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component, and control the angle of the component temperature control valve by comparing the difference between the measured value of the outlet temperature sensor of the refrigeration component and the target value, so as to adjust the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component; Calculate the freezing temperature values ​​corresponding to different heights. If the condenser temperature is lower than the freezing temperature value, open the temperature control valve to increase the condenser temperature to prevent the condenser from freezing.

11. The control method of the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: When the compressor outlet temperature sensor or over-temperature switch measures a temperature exceeding 240°C, a compressor outlet over-temperature alarm is issued, prompting the unit to shut down the refrigeration components to protect system safety.

12. The control method of the air dynamic pressure bearing turbine three-wheel cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that: Monitor the outlet temperature of the refrigeration component. When the temperature exceeds 80℃, an over-temperature alarm will be issued to prompt the unit to shut down the refrigeration component to protect the system safety.

Images