Piston type air locking screw feeder and air locking method

Abstract

A piston type air locking screw feeder comprises a middle shell, a split type solid screw is installed in the middle shell, a piston door is arranged at the output end of the middle shell, and the piston door is driven by a gravity driving device to be opened or closed. The split type solid spiral comprises a tubular shaft, and a plurality of sections of solid spiral bodies are detachably installed on the tubular shaft. The piston door comprises a guide pipe, the guide pipe is sleeved outside the pipe shaft, a sealing plate is fixed on the outer wall of one end of the guide pipe, and the sealing plate is sealed with the end face of the middle shell; an upper shell, a lower shell and a working panel are correspondingly welded to the side, facing the guide pipe, of the sealing plate up and down, and the working panel, the upper shell and the lower shell form a closed annular end face at one end of the guide pipe; the gravity driving device comprises a gravity rod and is installed on a driving shaft, a first connecting rod is fixed to the driving shaft, and a second connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod and is hinged to one side of the piston door. According to the piston type air locking screw feeder and the air locking method, the sealing and air locking effects can be better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an air-locking screw feeder, in particular to a piston-type air-locking screw feeder and an air-locking method. Background Art

[0002] In the transportation system of pulverized coal, grain and oil and other logistics, the system often has positive pressure, and sometimes the logistics will be discontinuous or too small. At this time, there will be a large residual space in the shell, resulting in backfire or back air. This will bring certain safety hazards to production safety and the personal safety of workers. In the prior art, double-layer flap valves are mainly installed (such as the patent "A high-temperature ash conveying double-layer flap valve" with application number "201820898429.0"). This method occupies a large space in height and requires additional equipment, which is costly. At the same time, when the upstream logistics is too small or discontinuous, the downstream equipment is allowed to continue to run, resulting in a waste of resources.

[0003] The patent application number "202022312185.3" "An adjustable air-locking spiral feeder" is a patent previously applied for by our company. The device has the following defects: 1) The gravity door directly blocks the discharge port. When the material is small, it will flow out through the gap at the bottom of the door (because the gravity door opens and closes through the pipe axis, so there is a gap at the bottom of the gravity door). When the material is small, the air locking effect is very poor.

[0004] 2) Although the weight is also adjustable and can be adjusted by changing the position of the weight in the long round hole on the connecting rod, it is not easy to locate in actual use and cannot achieve fine quantitative adjustment.

[0005] 3) The solid spiral adopts welding mode. After a certain period of use, the pipe shaft and spiral blades will have different degrees of wear. If the whole part is replaced, the cost is too high. If the on-site cutting and replacement is adopted, the production is difficult and the maintenance cycle is long. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a piston-type air-locking screw feeder, which is further optimized on the basis of the above-mentioned existing technology to achieve better sealing and air-locking effect, lower equipment maintenance cost, and more convenient and simple adjustment of the discharge amount. In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A piston-type air-locking screw feeder comprises an intermediate shell, a split solid screw is installed in the intermediate shell, a piston door is arranged at the output end of the intermediate shell, and the piston door is driven to open or close by a gravity drive device; The split solid spiral comprises a pipe shaft, on which a plurality of solid spirals are detachably mounted via a connecting assembly, and the solid spiral comprises a sleeve, on which spiral blades are fixed; The piston door comprises a guide tube, which is sleeved outside the tube shaft, and a sealing plate is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the guide tube, and the sealing plate is sealed with the end face of the intermediate shell; an upper shell and a lower shell are welded correspondingly on the upper and lower sides of the sealing plate facing the guide tube, and the upper and lower shells are in contact with the inner wall of the intermediate shell; a working panel is provided on the side of the upper shell away from the sealing plate, and the working panel, the upper and lower shells form a closed annular end face at one end of the guide tube; The gravity drive device includes a gravity rod, one end of which is provided with an adjustment hole, through which a bolt passes to lock the weight block; the other end of the gravity rod is installed on a driving shaft, a first connecting rod is fixed on the driving shaft, a second connecting rod is hinged at the other end of the first connecting rod, and the second connecting rod is hinged to one side of the piston door.

[0007] The sleeve is provided with connection holes near both ends, and the connection holes on the left and right are cross-distributed; the corresponding pipe shaft is provided with holes corresponding to the positions and number of the connection holes on the multi-section solid spiral.

[0008] When the split solid spiral is used in an environment with highly abrasive or highly corrosive materials, the thickness of the sleeve is greater than the thickness of the pipe shaft, and the wear resistance or corrosion resistance of the sleeve is greater than the wear resistance or corrosion resistance of the pipe shaft.

[0009] A U-shaped groove is formed between the edge of the sealing plate facing the working panel and the upper shell and the lower shell, and a sealing strip is arranged in the groove; a sealing box is arranged near the guide tube on the side of the sealing plate away from the working panel, and a sealing strip is arranged in the sealing box.

[0010] An arc-shaped baffle is fixed on the lower part of one side of the sealing plate away from the working panel.

[0011] The working panel is an elliptical cross section inclined at a certain angle, and the elliptical cross section is inclined from top to bottom toward the output direction of the intermediate shell.

[0012] The output end of the intermediate shell is connected to the discharge shell, and the discharge shell and the left and right sides of the intermediate shell are fixed with limit slide rails, and the left and right sides of the corresponding piston door are provided with slide grooves, and the slide grooves are slidably matched with the limit slide rails.

[0013] A plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals on one side or both sides of the edge of the adjustment hole along the length direction, and the grooves limit the bolts.

[0014] Digital markings are arranged in sequence above the corresponding grooves on the gravity rod, and the digital markings correspond to the discharge volume of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder.

[0015] A method for conveying and locking air by a piston-type air-locking screw feeder comprises the following steps: Step 1: When the material at the piston door is too small, the spiral blades on the pipe shaft drive the material to continuously gather to one side of the piston door; at this time, the sealing plate is located at the end of the circular tubular intermediate shell and is sealed by the sealing strip; at the same time, the upper shell, the lower shell, the working panel and the guide tube form a closed end surface to isolate the outlet and the inlet; Step 2: When the piston door is full of materials, and the materials are continuously squeezed and generate a certain thrust, and the thrust gradually increases and overcomes the gravity of the heavy hammer block, the materials push the piston door to move toward the output end of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder, and the piston door drives the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to move or rotate, thereby causing the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving shaft drives the gravity rod and the heavy hammer block to rotate; at this time, the discharge port at the lower end of the discharge shell is connected to the intermediate shell for unloading; Step 3: When the material is discharged to a certain extent, under the gravity of the weight block, the weight block drives the gravity rod to rotate in the opposite direction around the driving shaft. At this time, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod push the piston door to move toward the input end of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder, and the piston door is closed again; Step 4: When the piston door needs to be opened or closed according to different unloading amounts, the position of the weight block is adjusted by changing the position of the bolt in the adjusting hole, thereby changing the lever arm and adjusting the gravity moment of the weight block to open or close the piston door under different material quantity conditions; grooves are set to enable the bolt to be positioned after being adjusted to different positions; digital labels are set to confirm the position of the weight block corresponding to different unloading amounts.

[0016] The present invention provides a piston-type air-locking spiral feeder, which has the following technical effects: 1) By setting up a multi-section solid spiral, the multi-section solid spiral and the pipe shaft can be detachably connected through a connecting assembly. In this way, when replacing, only a part of the single-section solid spiral with severe wear needs to be replaced, without replacing the pipe shaft and the spiral blades with less wear or the entire spiral pipe shaft, thereby effectively reducing the maintenance cost while saving resources. At the same time, the detachable installation makes installation and disassembly extremely convenient, thereby shortening the time required for maintenance, effectively reducing the impact on production activities, and further reducing the use and maintenance cost.

[0017] 2) The pipe shaft in the device can be made of a thinner steel pipe made of ordinary material, while the sleeve can be made of a thicker steel pipe or a wear-resistant steel pipe or a corrosion-resistant steel pipe, thereby reducing material costs and effectively saving resources.

[0018] 3) The multi-section solid spiral split arrangement can reduce the problem of distortion caused by thermal expansion and contraction; at the same time, the spiral blades in different parts can be set to different plate thicknesses or different materials according to actual conditions. In this way, the service life of the spiral blades can be extended to a certain extent and the cost of equipment use can be reduced.

[0019] 4) CN201920962094 - A detachable auger. The spiral blade of this patent is detachable. This application adds a sleeve. The technical effect of this application relative to the reference document is as follows: On the one hand, the sleeve is used to isolate the direct contact between the material and the pipe axis. In some working conditions, such as extremely high temperature or extremely corrosive conditions in the discharge port or feed port, thickened sleeves and blades made of high temperature resistant or corrosion resistant materials can be used locally to meet the special needs of the local area, while ordinary materials are used in the rest of the parts. This method can significantly reduce the cost of use and maintenance for larger diameter and longer distance models, such as spiral blades with a diameter of more than 500mm and a length of more than 5m.

[0020] On the other hand, in some cases, such as blades made of special materials, such as blades made of high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant, and wear resistant materials, the local high temperature generated by direct welding between the pipe shaft will cause the pipe shaft to deform locally due to uneven heating, thus failing to meet the requirements of the overall straightness of the solid spiral and the coaxiality with the shell. Therefore, the overall correction of the solid spiral is usually required after deformation. In some cases, such as in single-axis models with larger diameters and longer distances, the correction of the overall solid spiral is extremely difficult and requires a lot of man-hours. The use of segmented blades and segmented sleeves for welding can avoid the correction of the overall solid spiral, thereby reducing the difficulty of meeting the requirements of straightness and coaxiality and reducing the man-hour cost.

[0021] 5) The traditional mode of adjusting the gravity moment by increasing or decreasing the number of weights is changed to adjusting the gravity moment by changing the actual length of the lever arm, which eliminates the need to purchase additional weight blocks and saves costs. At the same time, since the mass of each weight block is constant, changing the number of weights will cause the gravity moment to increase or decrease exponentially, and the adjustment amount will be too large or too small, making it impossible to make more precise adjustments.

[0022] 6) This application can achieve positioning by setting a long hole and adding multiple groups of grooves on the long hole to ensure that it does not move after adjustment.

[0023] 7) By setting corresponding digital labels, the digital labels correspond to the corresponding grooves and each one corresponds to a discharge amount, so that quantitative and precise adjustment can be carried out to reduce the difficulty of adjustment.

[0024] 8) By setting the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the rotating shaft, a gravity drive device for opening and closing the door body can be formed together with the weight adjustment component, so that the door body can be opened or closed spontaneously under the action of material advancement and gravity.

[0025] 9) By setting the piston door, the piston door and the shell and pipe shaft in the screw feeder are closely matched, and a good sealing and air locking effect can be achieved in the cases of no material, little material and full material.

[0026] 10) The patent "An adjustable air-locking spiral feeder" with application number "202022312185.3" is a patent previously applied by our company. When the material is less, the blocking door in the device will flow out through the gap at the bottom of the door, and the air-locking effect is very poor when the material is less. This application adds a guide tube, an upper shell of the sealing box, a lower shell and a working panel, etc. At the same time, why is the working panel on the right side made in an inclined state? The benefits are: first, it guides the material to be discharged, and second, it can ensure the sealing and air-locking effect when the door is opened to any position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention (when the material is less).

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention (when there is more material).

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point A.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a front view of a portion of the split solid spiral of the present invention after installation.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a left view of the split solid spiral in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is the front view of a single-section solid spiral in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a main cross-sectional view of the piston door in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a left side view of the piston door in the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 9 ( a ) is a front view of the lower housing of the present invention.

[0036] FIG9( b ) is a left side view of the lower housing of the present invention.

[0037] FIG9( c ) is a top view of the lower housing of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.10 It is a left side view of the upper housing in the present invention.

[0039] Fig.11It is a structural schematic diagram of the working panel in the present invention.

[0040] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the piston door in the closed state in the present invention.

[0041] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the piston door in the open state in the present invention.

[0042] Fig.14 It is the front view of the gravity rod in the present invention.

[0043] Fig.15 It is a top view of the gravity rod in the present invention.

[0044] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the first state of the gravity driving device in the present invention.

[0045] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of the gravity driving device in the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: driving end 1, middle section 2, feed port 2.1, discharge port 2.2, tail end 3, split solid spiral 4, driving device 5, piston door 6, middle shell 7, gravity driving device 8, limit baffle 9, discharge shell 10, limit slide rail 11, travel switch 12, cover plate 13, observation door 13.1, pipe shaft 4.1, solid spiral 4.2, connecting assembly 4.3, sleeve 4.2.1, spiral blade 4.2.2, working panel 6.1, upper outer Shell 6.2, guide tube 6.3, lower shell 6.4, sealing plate 6.5, sealing box 6.6, connecting ear plate 6.7, arc baffle 6.8, sealing strip 6.9, connecting piece 6.10, slide groove 6.11, connecting sleeve 8.1, gravity rod 8.2, weight block 8.3, bolt 8.4, spring washer 8.5, nut 8.6, adjustment hole 8.7, groove 8.8, digital identification 8.9, driving shaft 8.10, first connecting rod 8.11, second connecting rod 8.12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a piston-type air-locking screw feeder includes a driving end 1, a middle machine section 2, a tail end 3, a split solid screw 4 and a driving device 5.

[0048] The driving end 1 and the tail end 3 are both conventionally configured, including a bearing, a bearing seat, a bearing seat mounting seat, a shaft, a sealing box, etc.

[0049] A split solid screw 4 is arranged in the middle section 2, and the split solid screw 4 is driven by a driving device 5, which is a reduction motor. The middle shell 7 of the middle section 2 has a circular cross section, and a feed port 2.1 and a discharge port 2.2 are respectively provided at both ends of the middle section 2; the discharge shell 10 on the left side of the discharge port 2.2 has a U-shaped cross section, and a cover plate 13 is detachably connected to the top of the discharge shell 10, and an observation door 13.1 is provided on the cover plate 13.

[0050] like Figure 4-6 As shown, the split solid spiral 4 is composed of a pipe shaft 4.1, a sleeve 4.2.1, a spiral blade 4.2.2, and a connecting assembly 4.3. The pipe shaft 4.1 is a steel pipe with multiple holes, and the positions and numbers of the multiple holes match the holes on the multiple groups of sleeves 4.2.1. The sleeve 4.2.1 is a short section of steel pipe, and connection holes are opened near the two ends, and the positions of the connection holes are in a cross-intersecting form.

[0051] The spiral blade 4.2.2 is formed by cutting a single circular ring of a certain size and then drawing or molding it, and is welded with the sleeve 4.2.1 to form a single-section solid spiral 4.2. The multi-section solid spiral 4.2 is movably connected to the pipe shaft 4.1 through a connecting component 4.3. The connecting component 4.3 includes bolts, spring washers, special washers and nuts.

[0052] The split solid spiral 4 has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is easy to use and maintain. When replacing, only a part of the solid spiral 4.2 with severe wear needs to be replaced, without replacing the pipe shaft 4.1 and the spiral blades with less wear or the entire spiral pipe shaft, thereby effectively reducing the inspection and maintenance costs while saving resources.

[0053] Since the sleeve 4.2.1 is connected to the pipe shaft 4.1 by the connecting assembly 4.3, installation and disassembly are extremely convenient, thereby shortening the time required for maintenance, effectively reducing the impact on production activities, and further reducing the cost of use and maintenance.

[0054] In some environments where materials with strong abrasiveness or strong corrosiveness are transported, the pipe shaft needs to have strong wear resistance, but thicker steel pipes or steel pipes made of wear-resistant materials or steel pipes made of corrosion-resistant materials are often used, which greatly increases the cost of the equipment. By adopting this detachable solid screw structure, the pipe shaft 4.1 can be made of a thinner steel pipe made of ordinary materials, while the sleeve 4.2.1 can be made of a thicker steel pipe made of wear-resistant materials or steel pipes made of corrosion-resistant materials, thereby reducing the cost of materials and effectively saving resources.

[0055] In the actual use of the solid spiral, the degree of wear of different parts of the solid spiral is usually different. After adopting the detachable solid spiral structure, the spiral blades in different parts can be set to different plate thicknesses or different materials according to the actual operation of the equipment. In this way, the service life of the spiral blades can be extended to a certain extent, the use cost of the equipment can be reduced, and resources can be effectively saved.

[0056] On the other hand, in the actual manufacturing process of the integral solid spiral, since all the blades are welded to a tube shaft, the high heat generated during welding will cause the tube shaft to twist and deform due to thermal expansion and contraction, making it difficult to ensure the straightness accuracy of the integral solid spiral and the coaxiality accuracy of each part of the spiral blade. The split solid spiral, however, avoids the problem of tube shaft twisting and deformation caused by uneven heating during welding because the single-section solid spiral and the tube shaft are connected flexibly, which greatly reduces the difficulty of ensuring the straightness accuracy and coaxiality accuracy of the solid spiral, greatly reduces the difficulty of manufacturing, and to a certain extent reduces the time required for manufacturing and reduces the cost of production.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the intermediate section 2 is equipped with a piston door 6 with adjustable pushing force near the discharge port 2.2.

[0058] like Figure 7-11 As shown, the overall shape of the piston door 6 is a circular cross-section that matches the circular tubular intermediate shell 7 of the middle section 2 on the right, including a guide tube 6.3. The guide tube 6.3 matches the tube axis 4.1 of the device and is sleeved outside the tube axis 4.1. There is a small gap between the guide tube 6.3 and the tube axis 4.1. When the tube axis 4.1 rotates, the guide tube 6.3 does not rotate with the tube axis 4.1. A circular sealing plate 6.5 is fixed on the outer wall of the left end of the guide tube 6.3. The diameter of the sealing plate 6.5 is slightly larger than the circular tubular intermediate shell 7. The sealing plate 6.5 is welded to the upper shell 6.2 and the lower shell 6.4. The upper shell 6.2 is located above the guide tube 6.3, and the upper shell 6.2 is a semicircular tube. The lower shell 6.4 is located below the guide tube 6.3. A working panel 6.1 is provided on the side of the upper shell 6.2 away from the sealing plate 6.5. The working panel 6.1 is an elliptical cross section inclined at a certain angle. The working panel 6.1 is welded to the upper shell 6.2 and the lower shell 6.4 as a whole and forms a closed annular end face on the right side of the guide tube 6.3 to prevent materials from passing through.

[0059] The sealing box 6.6 is provided on the left side of the sealing plate 6.5 of the piston door. The sealing box 6.6 is movably connected to the sealing plate 6.5 through a connecting piece 6.10. A sealing strip 6.9 is provided inside the sealing box 6.6. The sealing strip 6.9 realizes the sealing between the guide tube 6.3 and the pipe shaft 4.1. In addition, a U-shaped groove is formed between the right edge of the sealing plate 6.5 and the upper shell 6.2 and the lower shell 6.4. A sealing strip 6.9 is also provided inside the groove. The sealing strip 6.9 here is used to ensure the sealing of the device and the intermediate shell 7. An arc baffle 6.8 is welded on the lower edge of the left side of the sealing plate 6.5. The arc baffle 6.8 can isolate the material and the tempering below during the closing and opening process of the piston door 6, and prevent the material and the tempering below from entering the shell on the left side of the sealing plate 6.5.

[0060] The functions of the guide tube 6.3 are: first, to prevent materials from entering the interior of the piston door; second, to facilitate the coaxiality of the piston door as a whole with the pipe axis during production.

[0061] The sealing plate 6.5 is provided for the following purposes: firstly, to prevent the material from entering the interior of the piston door, and secondly, to seal the left end of the piston door.

[0062] The reason why the vertical working panel 6.1 is not provided is that when the material is discharged after the door is opened, the upper part of the shell body will be in communication with the discharge port, and the air cannot be locked.

[0063] The advantages of the upper shell 6.2 and the lower shell 6.4 being fitted to the inner wall of the intermediate shell 7 are: first, it is convenient for the piston door to open and close smoothly; second, it ensures the air locking effect of opening and closing.

[0064] A U-shaped groove is formed between the right edge of the sealing plate 6.5 and the upper shell 6.2 and the lower shell 6.4. In addition to accommodating the sealing strip 6.9, the U-shaped groove also fits the outer wall of the intermediate shell 7. The advantage is that when there is no material or less material, the air locking effect of the piston door is guaranteed in the closed state, and the sealing strip ensures the sealing.

[0065] The sealing plate 6.5 is fixedly connected with connecting ear plates 6.7 on both sides; the connecting ear plates 6.7 are used to connect with the gravity drive device 8 and drive the piston door 6 to move left and right.

[0066] The piston door 6 is provided with a slide groove 6.11 on both sides. The slide groove 6.11 plays the role of positioning, guiding and supporting. The slide groove 6.11 slides with the limit slide rail 11 on the discharge shell 10 at the discharge port 2.2 on the left side of the intermediate shell 7. The slide groove 6.11 plays the role of positioning and guiding, and also plays the role of supporting the piston door 6. Without the slide groove 6.11 and the limit slide rail 11 fixed on the shell, the weight of the piston door 6 is pressed on the pipe shaft 4.1 and the shell of the device by the guide tube 6.3 and the lower shell 6.4, which will increase the resistance when the piston door 6 is opened and closed, and the connecting ear plate 6.7 is in a twisted state due to the rotation of the pipe shaft 4.1.

[0067] When the flow is too small, the device is in Fig.12 State, at this time, the sealing plate 6.5 is located at the end of the circular tube-shaped intermediate shell 7 and is sealed by the sealing strip 6.9, and the upper shell 6.2, the lower shell 6.4, the working panel 6.1 and the guide tube 6.3 form a closed end surface to isolate the outlet and the inlet, ensuring the anti-backfire and anti-leakage effect of the spiral feeder. When the right side of the working panel 6.1 in the intermediate shell 7 is filled with material and the thrust reaches a certain level; under the action of the driving device, the device moves left and is in Fig.13 State, at this time, the material is moved out from the discharge port 2.2.

[0068] like Figure 14-15 As shown, the gravity drive device 8 comprises a gravity rod 8.2, an adjustment hole 8.7 is formed on one end of the gravity rod 8.2, a plurality of grooves 8.8 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction on the lower side of the adjustment hole 8.7, and a number mark 8.9 is arranged on the upper side of the adjustment hole 8.7. A weight block 8.3 is installed on the end of the gravity rod 8.2 where the adjustment hole 8.7 is located. The weight block 8.3 is composed of a plurality of circular plates with holes. A bolt 8.4 passes through the weight block 8.3 and the adjustment hole 8.7 on the gravity rod 8.2 and is then locked with a nut 8.6. A spring washer 8.5 is provided under the nut 8.6 to prevent the nut 8.6 from loosening.

[0069] The digital mark 8.9 not only indicates the position, but also can be used to calculate and conduct field tests based on the specific size and structure of the actual on-site equipment to make the gravity moment correspond to the discharge amount, and each groove 8.8 corresponds to a discharge amount.

[0070] like Figure 15-17As shown, a coupling sleeve 8.1 is welded to the other end of the gravity rod 8.2, and a keyway is provided on the coupling sleeve 8.1. The coupling sleeve 8.1 is mounted on the drive shaft 8.10 by means of a flat key or the like. When the gravity rod 8.2 rotates, the drive shaft 8.10 is synchronously driven to rotate. Both ends of the drive shaft 8.10 are rotatably mounted on the discharge housing 10 of the device through bearing assemblies. The gravity rod 8.2 is located outside the discharge housing 10. First connecting rods 8.11 are fixed to the drive shaft 8.10 at intervals on the left and right inside the discharge housing 10, and the other end of each first connecting rod 8.11 is hinged to the second connecting rod 8.12, and the other end of the second connecting rod 8.12 is hinged to the piston door 6, and the piston door 6 is sleeved on the pipe shaft 4.1 and can translate left and right relative to the pipe shaft 4.1.

[0071] Here, the first connecting rod 8.11 and the second connecting rod 8.12 are both spaced apart from the tube axis 4.1 and do not interfere with each other.

[0072] like Fig.16 As shown, the spiral blades on the pipe shaft 4.1 on the right side of the piston door 6 drive the materials to gather to the left continuously. When the piston door 6 is full of materials, the materials are continuously squeezed and generate a certain thrust. When the thrust can overcome the gravity of the weight block 8.3, the materials push the piston door 6 to move to the left, and the piston door 6 drives the first connecting rod 8.11 and the second connecting rod 8.12 to move or rotate, thereby making the drive shaft 8.10 rotate clockwise, and the drive shaft 8.10 drives the gravity rod 8.2 and the weight block 8.3 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the discharge port 2.2 of the device is opened, and the unloading is completed. The state is as follows: Fig.17 shown.

[0073] When the material is insufficient, under the gravity of the weight block 8.3, the weight block 8.3 drives the gravity rod 8.2 to rotate counterclockwise downward around the driving shaft 8.10. At this time, the first connecting rod 8.11 and the second connecting rod 8.12 push the piston door 6 to move rightward, and the piston door 6 is closed again.

[0074] When the piston door 6 needs to be opened or closed according to different material quantities, the position of the bolt 8.4 in the long hole can be changed to adjust the position of the weight block 8.3, thereby changing the force arm, thereby adjusting the gravity moment of the weight block 8.3, and realizing the opening or closing of the piston door 6 under different material quantity states; the bolt 8.4 can be positioned after being adjusted to different positions by setting the groove 8.8. The digital mark 8.9 is set to allow the user to more conveniently confirm the position of the weight block 8.3 corresponding to different discharge quantities.

[0075] Preferably, a limit baffle 9 is provided on the intermediate housing 7 of the intermediate section 2. The limit baffle 9 is used to limit the lower limit position of the gravity rod 8.2. The functions of the limit are to indicate the limit position and to protect the travel switch to avoid damage to the travel switch.

[0076] Preferably, a travel switch 12 for controlling the start and stop of the downstream equipment is installed below the gravity rod 8.2. When the travel switch 12 is touched, the downstream equipment stops, and the downstream equipment is specifically other conveying equipment.

Claims

1. A piston-type air-locking screw feeder, characterized in that: It comprises an intermediate shell (7), a split solid spiral (4) is installed in the intermediate shell (7), a piston door (6) is arranged at the output end of the intermediate shell (7), and the piston door (6) is driven to open or close by a gravity drive device (8); The split solid spiral (4) comprises a tube shaft (4.1), on which a plurality of solid spirals (4.2) are detachably mounted via a connecting assembly (4.3), and the solid spiral (4.2) comprises a sleeve (4.2.1), on which a spiral blade (4.2.2) is fixed; The piston door (6) comprises a guide tube (6.3), the guide tube (6.3) is sleeved outside the tube shaft (4.1), a sealing plate (6.5) is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the guide tube (6.3), and the sealing plate (6.5) is sealed with the end face of the intermediate shell (7); an upper shell (6.2) and a lower shell (6.4) are welded to the upper and lower sides of the sealing plate (6.5) facing the guide tube (6.3), and the upper shell (6.2), the lower shell (6.4) and the inner wall of the intermediate shell (7) are fitted; a working panel (6.1) is provided on the side of the upper shell (6.2) away from the sealing plate (6.5), and the working panel (6.1) and the upper shell (6.2) and the lower shell (6.4) form a closed annular end face at one end of the guide tube (6.3); The gravity drive device (8) comprises a gravity rod (8.2), one end of which is provided with an adjustment hole (8.7), a bolt (4) passes through the adjustment hole (8.7) and locks the weight block (8.3); the other end of the gravity rod (8.2) is mounted on a drive shaft (8.10), a first connecting rod (8.11) is fixed on the drive shaft (8.10), the other end of the first connecting rod (8.11) is hingedly connected to a second connecting rod (8.12), and the second connecting rod (8.12) is hingedly connected to one side of the piston door (6).

2. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (4.2.1) is provided with connection holes near both ends, and the left and right connection holes are distributed in a cross pattern; the corresponding pipe shaft (4.1) is provided with holes corresponding to the positions and number of the connection holes on the multi-section solid spiral (4.2).

3. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the split solid spiral (4) is used in an environment with highly abrasive or highly corrosive materials, the thickness of the sleeve (4.2.1) is greater than the thickness of the pipe shaft (4.1), and the wear resistance or corrosion resistance of the sleeve (4.2.1) is greater than the wear resistance or corrosion resistance of the pipe shaft (4.1).

4. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped groove is formed between the edge of the sealing plate (6.5) facing the working panel (6.1) and the upper shell (6.2) and the lower shell (6.4), and a sealing strip (6.9) is provided in the groove; a sealing box (6.6) is provided near the guide tube (6.3) on the side of the sealing plate (6.5) away from the working panel (6.1), and a sealing strip (6.9) is provided in the sealing box (6.6).

5. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped baffle (6.8) is fixed to the lower portion of one side of the sealing plate (6.5) away from the working panel (6.1).

6. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The working panel (6.1) is an elliptical cross section inclined at a certain angle, and the elliptical cross section is inclined from top to bottom toward the output direction of the intermediate housing (7).

7. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the intermediate housing (7) is connected to a discharge housing (10), and limit slide rails (11) are fixed to the left and right sides of the discharge housing (10) and the intermediate housing (7), and corresponding slide grooves (6.11) are provided on the left and right sides of the piston door (6), and the slide grooves (6.11) are slidably matched with the limit slide rails (11).

8. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the adjustment hole (8.7) is provided with a plurality of grooves (8.8) at intervals on one side or both sides along the length direction, and the grooves (8.8) limit the position of the bolt (4).

9. The piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: Numerical markings (8.9) are sequentially arranged above the corresponding grooves (8.8) on the gravity rod (8.2), and the numerical markings (8.9) correspond to the discharge volume of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder.

10. A method for locking air using a piston-type air-locking screw feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Step 1: When the material at the piston door (6) is too small, the spiral blade (4.2.2) on the pipe shaft (4.1) drives the material to continuously gather toward one side of the piston door (6); at this time, the sealing plate (6.5) is located at the end of the circular tubular intermediate shell (7) and is sealed by the sealing strip (6.9); at the same time, a closed end surface is formed by the upper shell (6.2), the lower shell (6.4), the working panel (6.1) and the guide tube (6.3) to isolate the outlet and the inlet; Step 2: When the piston door (6) is filled with material and the material is continuously squeezed and generates a certain thrust, the thrust gradually increases and overcomes the gravity of the weight block (8.3), the material pushes the piston door (6) to move toward the output end of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder, and the piston door (6) drives the first connecting rod (8.11) and the second connecting rod (8.12) to move or rotate, thereby causing the drive shaft (8.10) to rotate, and the drive shaft (8.10) drives the gravity rod (8.2) and the weight block (8.3) to rotate; at this time, the discharge port (2.2) at the lower end of the discharge shell (10) is connected to the intermediate shell (7) to discharge the material; Step 3: When the material is discharged to a certain extent, under the gravity of the weight block (8.3), the weight block (8.3) drives the gravity rod (8.2) to rotate in the opposite direction around the driving shaft (8.10). At this time, the first connecting rod (8.11) and the second connecting rod (8.12) push the piston door (6) to move toward the input end of the piston-type air-locking screw feeder, and the piston door (6) is closed again; Step 4: When it is necessary to open or close the piston door (6) according to different discharge amounts, the position of the weight block (8.3) is adjusted by changing the position of the bolt (8.4) in the adjustment hole (8.7), thereby changing the force arm, thereby adjusting the gravity moment of the weight block (8.3) to open or close the piston door (6) under different material amount conditions; the bolt (8.4) can be positioned after being adjusted to different positions by setting a groove (8.8); and the position of the weight block (8.3) corresponding to different discharge amounts is confirmed by setting a digital mark (8.9).

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