A mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata, including: 1) open-cut vertical shaft construction; 2) use of large-diameter pipe jacking machine to construct underground auxiliary working passages; 3) reinforcement of the secondary starting area; 4) disassembly of the large-diameter pipe jacking machine and transportation out of the original passage; 5) transportation of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine to the secondary starting area and assembly; 6) formal underground passage construction by the small-diameter pipe jacking machine; 7) disassembly of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine and transportation out of the original passage to complete the reception. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the existing traditional tunnel construction method in densely built and complex strata, such as high construction difficulty, high safety risk, large disturbance to the surrounding environment, and low construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a mechanized construction method for an underground passage in a complex stratum. Background Art

[0002] As urban density continues to increase, existing land resources can no longer meet the growing construction needs, so it is urgent to improve the utilization efficiency of underground space. Especially in the prosperous areas of cities, underground space has huge development potential and can provide new space for urban development. However, due to the lack of sufficient starting sites, the development of this potential is severely restricted. At present, on the surface covered by dense buildings, due to space limitations and the complexity of geological conditions, traditional open-cut construction methods are difficult to implement, and land-occupying construction faces many difficulties. At the same time, although dark excavation construction does not require the surface to set up a starting site, the construction risks caused by complex geological conditions cannot be ignored.

[0003] Existing open-cut construction methods usually require a large working space, which is particularly difficult in busy urban areas and can easily cause damage to the surrounding environment. During the excavation process, the ground is greatly disturbed, which can easily cause ground subsidence and affect the safety and use of surrounding buildings. Although the traditional dark excavation method has solved the problem of limited surface construction to a certain extent, it faces many challenges in complex strata, such as soft soil, sand layers, and rocky areas. Especially when crossing complex strata, soil stability is difficult to control, and collapse or water inrush accidents are prone to occur, which seriously threatens construction safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata, aiming to solve the technical problems of existing traditional tunnel construction methods in densely built and complex strata, such as high construction difficulty, high safety risk, large disturbance to the surrounding environment, and low construction efficiency. The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A mechanized construction method for an underground passage in a complex stratum, wherein two rectangular pipe jacking machines with different diameters are used, namely a large-diameter pipe jacking machine and a small-diameter pipe jacking machine, and both rectangular pipe jacking machines have detachable shells, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Open-cut shaft construction: Set up an open-cut shaft away from densely built areas, which is required to meet the starting requirements of large-diameter pipe jacking machines, and construct a working shaft opening there;

[0007] Step 2: Construction of underground auxiliary working channel: A large-diameter pipe jacking machine is hoisted and launched at the working wellhead to dig the auxiliary working channel; the auxiliary working channel uses conventional pipe sections as channel pipe sections;

[0008] Step 3: Reinforcement of the secondary starting area: After the large-diameter pipe jacking machine excavates to the formal construction area, the secondary starting area is set up. The secondary starting area includes multiple special pipe sections. The two sides of the special pipe section are made of different materials, one side is made of glass fiber reinforcement material (the side to be broken), and the other side is made of steel or high-strength concrete. The special pipe section is tightened by anchor cables, and the relationship between the anchor cables and the pipe section is vertical or oblique. The special pipe section is firmly connected to the surrounding soil through anchor cables or anchor rods to prevent the special pipe section from deforming beyond the limit after being stressed. Cement slurry is used to reinforce the outer wall of the special pipe section and the connection between the special pipe section and the conventional pipe section. Multiple conventional pipe sections adjacent to the secondary starting area are tightened with I-beams to reduce the deformation and damage of the steel backrest stress pipe section when the pipe jacking machine is in formal construction;

[0009] The two sides of the special pipe section are made of different materials, one side is made of glass fiber reinforced material, and the other side is made of steel or high-strength concrete. The side made of glass fiber reinforced material is the part that needs to be broken for the subsequent excavation of the formal underground passage; the side made of steel or high-strength concrete is the stress-bearing part of the steel backrest of the subsequent small-diameter pipe jacking machine;

[0010] Step 4: Dismantle and transport the large-diameter pipe jacking machine: dismantle the large-diameter pipe jacking machine in the channel, leave the large-diameter pipe jacking machine shell at the end of the auxiliary working channel as support, and create construction space for the small-diameter pipe jacking machine, and lift the equipment of the large-diameter pipe jacking machine except the shell out from the working wellhead through the auxiliary working channel;

[0011] Step 5: Transportation and assembly of small-diameter pipe jacking machine: After transporting the equipment parts of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine of the formal excavation equipment from the open-cut shaft through the auxiliary working channel to the secondary starting area, they are assembled, and the back side of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine is reinforced with a steel backrest or a concrete backrest to reduce the pressure of the equipment on the pipe segment during excavation;

[0012] Step 6: Construction of the formal underground passage: After the small-diameter pipe jacking machine is assembled, it will start to dig after breaking the glass fiber reinforced parts of the pipe segments in the secondary starting area. Conventional pipe segments are used in the formal underground passage; the diameter of the pipe segments of the formal underground passage is smaller than that of the pipe segments of the auxiliary working passage;

[0013] Step seven: Disassembly and transportation of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine: The small-diameter pipe jacking machine is constructed in a formal underground passage. After the pile is pushed to the reserved end, the small-diameter pipe jacking machine is disassembled, and the small-diameter pipe jacking machine shell is retained as support. After the other parts are disassembled, they are hoisted from the working wellhead through the formal underground passage and auxiliary working passage to complete the reception.

[0014] The auxiliary working passage and the formal underground passage can intersect vertically or not vertically, which can be flexibly determined according to the specific terrain and building conditions. The formal underground passage connects the buildings on both sides.

[0015] Wherein, the conventional pipe joint is a steel pipe joint or a concrete pipe joint.

[0016] For further optimization, when reinforcing the secondary starting area in step three, concrete or cement mortar is used to reinforce the connection between the special pipe section and the conventional pipe section as a whole, and one side outer wall of the special pipe section steel or high-strength concrete is reinforced.

[0017] Furthermore, the secondary originating area described in step three includes 6 to 8 special pipe sections.

[0018] Furthermore, in step three, conventional pipe sections 3 to 6 adjacent to the secondary initial reinforcement area are tightened using I-beams.

[0019] Furthermore, guide rails for transporting equipment are provided in both the auxiliary working passage and the formal underground passage.

[0020] In order to realize the turnover utilization of resources, the large-diameter pipe jacking machine is disassembled and transported to the ground, and then after parts replacement and modification, it can be reassembled into a small-diameter pipe jacking machine.

[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The construction method of the present invention can solve the problem that the surface does not have the conditions for open excavation construction under densely populated buildings, the construction is difficult, the stratum conditions are complex, and the risks of dark excavation construction are high. By adopting the construction method of the present invention, a plot of land with high economic cost performance, low public impact, and easy construction area can be selected outside the densely populated area to occupy land for the construction of the starting well. An auxiliary working channel is excavated from the construction shaft, and a formal channel is constructed from the auxiliary working channel. After the tunnel excavation task is completed, the transportation equipment is dismantled and withdrawn according to the original tunnel, reducing the number of construction wellheads, with high efficiency and high economic cost performance. Efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly construction of underground passages in complex strata is achieved, the utilization efficiency of underground space is improved, and the sustainable development of the city is promoted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall construction structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the reinforcement of the secondary origin area;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the tunnel opening for a small-diameter pipe jacking machine.

[0027] 1. Open-cut shaft; 2. Auxiliary working passage; 3. Secondary starting area; 4. Formal underground passage; 5. Anchor cable; 6. I-beam; 7. Large-diameter pipe jacking machine casing; 8. Small-diameter pipe jacking machine casing; 9. Small-diameter pipe jacking machine excavation opening; 10. Small-diameter pipe jacking machine body; 31. Cement slurry; 32. Steel backrest or concrete backrest; 33. One side of glass fiber reinforcement material; 34. One side of steel or high-strength concrete; 41. Reserved end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a mechanized construction method for an underground passage in a complex stratum is provided. The construction method of the present invention adopts two rectangular pipe jacking machines with different diameters, namely a large-diameter pipe jacking machine and a small-diameter pipe jacking machine. Both rectangular pipe jacking machines have a detachable shell, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Construction of open-cut vertical shaft 1: Set up an open-cut vertical shaft 1 away from densely built areas, and construct a working wellhead there;

[0031] Step 2: Construction of the underground auxiliary working channel 2: A large-diameter pipe jacking machine is hoisted and launched at the working wellhead to dig the auxiliary working channel 2; the auxiliary working channel 2 uses conventional pipe sections as channel pipe sections; in this embodiment, the conventional pipe sections are concrete pipe sections.

[0032] Step 3: Reinforcement of the secondary starting area 3: After the large-diameter pipe jacking machine excavates to the formal construction area, the setting of the secondary starting area 3 begins. The secondary starting area 3 includes 6 to 8 special pipe sections, which are tightened with anchor cables 5. Cement slurry 31 is used to reinforce the connection between the special pipe sections and the conventional pipe sections for an entire week or a whole circle to reduce deformation and damage of the pipe sections during subsequent formal construction. The conventional pipe sections 3 to 6 adjacent to the secondary starting area 3 are tightened with I-beams 6 to reduce pipe section deformation. The anchor cables 5 are perpendicular to the I-beams 6, or the anchor cables 5 are inclined. Different materials are used on both sides of the special pipe section, one side is made of glass fiber reinforced material, and the other side is made of steel or high-strength concrete. The side 33 of the glass fiber reinforced material is easy to break, and this side is the part that needs to be broken for the subsequent excavation of the formal underground passage 4. The side 34 of the steel or high-strength concrete is the stress-bearing part of the steel backrest 32 of the subsequent small-diameter pipe jacking machine. And the outer wall of one side of the special pipe section steel or high-strength concrete is also reinforced with plain concrete. For detailed structure, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 ;

[0033] Step 4: Disassembly and transportation of the large-diameter pipe jacking machine: disassemble the large-diameter pipe jacking machine in the channel, leave the large-diameter pipe jacking machine shell 7 at the end of the auxiliary working channel 2 as a support, and lift the equipment of the large-diameter pipe jacking machine except the shell out from the working wellhead through the auxiliary working channel 2;

[0034] Step 5: Transportation and assembly of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine: After transporting the equipment components of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine of the formal excavation equipment from the open-cut shaft 1 to the secondary starting area 3 through the auxiliary working channel 2, they are assembled and reinforced with a steel backrest or a concrete backrest 32 on the back side of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine;

[0035] Step 6: Construction of the formal underground passage 4: After the small diameter pipe jacking machine is assembled, it starts to excavate after breaking the glass fiber reinforced parts of the pipe sections of the secondary starting area 3 channels. The formal underground passage 4 uses conventional pipe sections; the diameter of the pipe sections of the formal underground passage 4 is smaller than the diameter of the pipe sections of the auxiliary working passage; the formal underground passage 4 connects the buildings on both sides. In this embodiment, the auxiliary working passage 2 and the formal underground passage 4 intersect vertically. Various angles can also be selected according to the actual buildings and specific conditions, and the operation is flexible and convenient.

[0036] Step 7: Disassembly and transportation of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine: The small-diameter pipe jacking machine constructs the formal underground passage 4. After the pile is pushed to the reserved end 41, the small-diameter pipe jacking machine is disassembled, and the small-diameter pipe jacking machine casing 8 is retained as support. After other parts are disassembled, they are hoisted from the working wellhead through the formal underground passage 4 and the auxiliary working passage 2 to complete the reception.

[0037] The auxiliary working channel 2 and the formal underground channel 4 are both equipped with guide rails for transporting equipment to facilitate the transportation of the equipment, and finally hoist it out at the open-cut shaft. In order to ensure the repeated turnover and use of the equipment, the large-diameter pipe jacking machine can be disassembled and transported to the ground, and then replaced and rebuilt into a small-diameter pipe jacking machine after parts replacement and modification.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement scheme, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized construction method for an underground passage in a complex stratum, characterized in that: The construction method adopts two rectangular pipe jacking machines with different diameters, namely a large-diameter pipe jacking machine and a small-diameter pipe jacking machine, both of which have detachable shells, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction of an open-cut vertical shaft (1): an open-cut vertical shaft (1) is set up away from densely built areas, and a working wellhead is constructed at the open-cut vertical shaft (1); Step 2: Construction of the underground auxiliary working channel (2): A large-diameter pipe jacking machine is hoisted and launched at the working wellhead to dig the auxiliary working channel (2); the auxiliary working channel (2) uses conventional pipe sections as channel pipe sections; Step 3: Reinforcement of the secondary starting area (3): After the large-diameter pipe jacking machine excavates to the formal construction area, the secondary starting area (3) is set up. The secondary starting area (3) includes a plurality of special pipe sections. The two sides of the special pipe sections are made of different materials, one side is made of glass fiber reinforced material, and the other side is made of steel or high-strength concrete. The side (33) of the glass fiber reinforced material is the part that needs to be broken for the subsequent excavation of the formal underground passage. The special pipe section is tightened by anchor cables (5), and cement slurry (31) is used to reinforce the outer wall of the special pipe section and the connection between the special pipe section and the conventional pipe section. The plurality of conventional pipe sections adjacent to the secondary starting area (3) are tightened by I-beams (6); Step 4: Disassembly and removal of the large-diameter pipe jacking machine: Disassemble the large-diameter pipe jacking machine in the channel, leave the large-diameter pipe jacking machine shell (7) at the end of the auxiliary working channel (2) as support, and create construction space for the small-diameter pipe jacking machine, and lift the large-diameter pipe jacking machine equipment except the shell out from the working wellhead through the auxiliary working channel (2); Step 5: Transportation and assembly of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine: After transporting the equipment components of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine of the formal excavation equipment from the open-cut shaft (1) through the auxiliary working channel (2) to the secondary starting area (3), they are assembled and reinforced with a steel backrest or a concrete backrest (32) on the back side of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine; Step 6: Construction of the formal underground passage (4): After the small diameter pipe jacking machine is assembled, it starts to excavate after breaking the glass fiber reinforced material in the passage pipe section of the secondary starting area (3). The formal underground passage (4) uses conventional pipe sections; the diameter of the pipe section of the formal underground passage (4) is smaller than the diameter of the pipe section of the auxiliary working passage; the formal underground passage (4) connects the buildings on both sides; Step 7: Disassembly and transportation of the small-diameter pipe jacking machine: After the small-diameter pipe jacking machine constructs the formal underground passage (4), and pushes the pile to the reserved end (41), the small-diameter pipe jacking machine is disassembled, and the small-diameter pipe jacking machine shell (8) is retained as support. After the other parts are disassembled, they are transported from the working wellhead crane through the formal underground passage (4) and the auxiliary working passage (2) to complete the reception.

2. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: The auxiliary working channel (2) and the formal underground channel (4) intersect vertically.

3. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: The auxiliary working channel (2) and the formal underground channel (4) intersect but are not perpendicular to each other.

4. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: The conventional pipe joint is a steel pipe joint or a concrete pipe joint.

5. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: When reinforcing the secondary originating area (3) in step 3, cement slurry (31) is used to reinforce the connection between the special pipe section and the conventional pipe section all around, and the outer wall of one side of the special pipe section steel or high-strength concrete is reinforced.

6. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: The secondary originating area (3) described in step 3 includes 6 to 8 special pipe sections.

7. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 3, conventional pipe sections 3 to 6 adjacent to the secondary originating area (3) are tightened using I-beams (6).

8. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: Guide rails for transporting equipment are provided in both the auxiliary working passage (2) and the formal underground passage (4).

9. The mechanized construction method for underground passages in complex strata according to claim 1 is characterized by: After the large-diameter pipe jacking machine is disassembled and transported to the ground, its parts are replaced and modified and then reassembled into a small-diameter pipe jacking machine.

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