An arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses an arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel, comprising a frame carriage, a screw rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the frame carriage, a base is installed on the outer side of the screw rod through a thread, an adjustment seat is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the base, a machine base is slidably installed on the top of the adjustment seat, a guide rail is symmetrically installed on the side end surface of the adjustment seat, and support ears are symmetrically installed at the bottom end of the machine base corresponding to the position of the guide rail, and the support ears are slidably connected to the guide rail. The invention can transform gravity into driving force, save energy consumption in the process of arch frame installation, improve the energy-saving and environmental protection performance of the device, and improve the flexibility of installation work, and can perform double alignment correction on the side arch and the arc arch frame, improve the alignment accuracy and the fit with the tunnel side wall, which not only makes the assembly and connection work of the side arch and the arc arch frame more efficient, convenient and flexible, but also fully improves the safety and reliability of the arch frame installation, and improves the support effectiveness of the arch frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of arch frame installation devices, and in particular to an arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are engineering buildings buried in the ground. They are a form of human use of underground space. Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mining tunnels, and military tunnels. During tunnel construction, steel arch frames need to be installed, which directly affects the structural safety and stability of the tunnel. A Chinese patent discloses a tunnel arch frame positioning and installation device and an installation method thereof, with application number 202211485621.4. The device detects the center and verticality of the arch frame through an infrared measuring instrument during adjustment, without the need for wiring, and is simple to operate, time-saving, and labor-saving, and can be reused. However, its installation process is not efficient and energy-saving enough;

[0003] The current arch frame installation device requires an external lifting device to transfer and position the various components of the arch frame during the installation process. This not only consumes a lot of energy, but also has low adjustment flexibility due to the need for the lifting equipment to occupy additional tunnel space. Not only are the various components easily misplaced, causing connection difficulties, but the fit between the arch frame and the tunnel is also poor, which can easily cause invalid support and requires repeated adjustments, resulting in low tunnel construction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel, which can effectively solve the problem of the current arch frame installation device proposed in the above-mentioned background technology. During the installation process, the various components of the arch frame need to be transferred and positioned by an external lifting device, which not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also has low adjustment flexibility due to the need for the lifting equipment to occupy additional tunnel space. Not only are the various components easily misplaced, resulting in connection difficulties, but the fit between the arch frame and the tunnel is also poor, which easily causes invalid support and requires repeated adjustments, resulting in low tunnel construction efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel, comprising a frame trolley, a screw rod is rotatably installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the frame trolley, a base is threadedly installed on the outer side of the screw rod, and a self-aligning mechanism is installed on the top of the base;

[0006] The spontaneous alignment mechanism includes a positioning seat;

[0007] A positioning seat is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the base, a base is slidably installed on the top of the positioning seat, a guide rail is symmetrically installed on the side end surface of the positioning seat, and a support ear is symmetrically installed at the position of the guide rail at the bottom of the base, and the support ear is slidably connected to the guide rail, a limit box is embedded in the top of the base and slidably installed, a load-bearing cylinder is installed in the middle of the top of the limit box, a support block is slidably installed inside the load-bearing cylinder, a support rod is installed in the middle of the top of the support block, and a pressure head is installed on the top of the support rod;

[0008] A support sleeve is installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the machine base, and a reinforcing rod is slidably installed in the end of the support sleeve, a slide cylinder is installed at the bottom of the support sleeve, and a slide tube is slidably installed in the end of the slide cylinder, and a piston ring is installed at the end of the slide tube located inside the slide cylinder, a side cylinder is installed at the end of the reinforcing rod, and the inner cavity of the side cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the slide cylinder through the slide tube, a slide plate is slidably installed inside the side cylinder, a slide rod is installed in the middle of the top of the slide rod, and a bracket is installed at the top of the slide rod;

[0009] A push cylinder is embedded and installed at the position of the limit box on the side end surface of the machine base, and a push tube is embedded and slidably installed on the end of the push cylinder. A sealing ring is installed at the end of the push tube located inside the push cylinder, and the other end of the push tube is connected to the limit box. Connecting pipes are installed at the other end of the push cylinder and the edge of the side end surface of the slide cylinder, and a four-way valve is installed at the end of the connecting pipe. A sliding support is symmetrically and slidably installed at the corner of the side end surface of the frame car, a column rod is installed on one side of the bottom end of the sliding support, and a roller is installed at the bottom end of the column rod.

[0010] Preferably, a hand wheel is installed at the end of the screw rod, a plurality of side arches are evenly and equidistantly carried on the top of the sliding support, a plurality of arc-shaped arch frames are evenly and equidistantly carried on the top of the trolley, elastic pads are installed at the positions of the side arches and arc-shaped arch frames on the curved surface of the top of the trolley, and the side arches and arc-shaped arch frames are staggered and adjacently distributed, and a traction frame is rotatably installed on the end of the trolley.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating wheel is rotatably installed in the middle of the side end surface of the limit box, a limiting groove is opened at the side end surface of the machine base corresponding to the position of the rotating wheel, the length of the push tube is greater than the length of the limiting groove, and the sliding distance of the limit box is equal to the length of the limiting groove.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom area of ​​the support block is equal to the bottom area of ​​the slide plate, and the bottom area of ​​the support block is larger than the bottom area of ​​the piston ring.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the support rod is three times the length of the sliding rod, and the length of the reinforcing rod is equal to the length of the sliding tube.

[0014] Preferably, the inner cavity of the slide cylinder is connected to the inner cavity of the push cylinder through a connecting pipe and a four-way valve, the inner cavity of the limit box is directly connected to the inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder, the inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder located at the bottom of the support block, the inner cavity of the side cylinder located at the bottom of the slide plate, and the inner cavities of the slide cylinder and the push cylinder located between the piston ring and the sealing ring are all filled with hydraulic fluid.

[0015] Preferably, a positioning and unhooking mechanism is installed on the inner side of the frame vehicle, and the positioning and unhooking mechanism includes a compensation cavity;

[0016] A compensation chamber is provided inside the machine base at the bottom of the limit box, a threaded rod is rotatably installed in the middle of the side end surface of the compensation chamber, a piston plate is threadedly installed on the outside of the threaded rod at the position inside the compensation chamber, and the piston plate is slidably connected to the compensation chamber, a liquid replenishing valve is embedded and installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the compensation chamber, a motor is installed at the position of the threaded rod corresponding to the side end surface of the machine base, and the motor output shaft is connected to the threaded rod, a compensation tube is installed at the bottom of the compensation chamber near one side of the hollow block, and the end of the compensation tube is connected to the four-way valve, and an electromagnetic valve is embedded and installed at the position of the connecting pipe corresponding to the side end surface of the push cylinder;

[0017] A threaded barrel is rotatably mounted on the end surface of the other side of the base corresponding to the position of the limit box, a screw is installed inside the threaded barrel through a thread, a hexagonal rod is installed in the middle of the side end of the limit box, and the hexagonal rod is slidably connected to the screw, a motor is embedded and installed on the side end surface of the base corresponding to the position of the threaded barrel, and the motor output shaft is connected to the threaded barrel, a controller is embedded and connected to the top of the end surface of one side of the frame, and a number of batteries are evenly embedded and installed on the side end surface of the base at equal distances;

[0018] The end surfaces of both sides of the pressure-bearing head are embedded and installed with hydraulic boxes, a clamping block is slidably installed inside the hydraulic box, a through pipe is installed in the middle of the side end surface of the hydraulic box, and the support block, the support rod and the middle of the bottom end of the pressure-bearing head are all provided with a conveying hole, a hollow block is embedded and slidably installed in the middle of the top of the bracket, and a pin is embedded and slidably installed at the corner of the top of the bracket;

[0019] A sliding hole is provided inside the bracket at a position corresponding to the pin column, a sliding cavity is provided inside the bracket at a position corresponding to the hollow block, a connecting hole is provided at the bottom of the side end surface of the sliding cavity, and the sliding cavity is connected to the sliding hole through the connecting hole, a locking rod is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the hollow block, an anti-slip rod is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the pin column, and both the anti-slip rod and the locking rod are sealingly and slidably connected to the bracket.

[0020] Preferably, the interior of the compensation chamber located between the piston plate and the fluid replenishing valve is filled with hydraulic fluid, the motor is a bidirectional motor, the motor is a bidirectional motor, the controller is a motor, motor and solenoid valve remote control, and the motor, motor and solenoid valve input ends are electrically connected to the battery output end.

[0021] Preferably, the sliding distance of the clamp block is equal to half of the width of the top opening of the pressure head, and the end of the through pipe is connected to the conveying hole.

[0022] Preferably, the ratio of the sum of the weights of the hollow block and the locking rod to the sum of the weights of the anti-slip rod and the pin is greater than the ratio of the difference between the bottom areas of the anti-slip rod and the pin to the bottom area of ​​the hollow block, and the sliding hole and the sliding cavity are both filled with hydraulic fluid.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use;

[0024] 1. A spontaneous alignment mechanism is provided. Through the coordination of the load-bearing cylinder, support block, support rod, pressure head, side cylinder, slide plate, slide rod and bracket, a gravity conversion superposition structure can be constructed. The split characteristics of the tunnel arch frame are fully utilized to convert and utilize the gravity of the side arch and the arc arch frame. On the one hand, the gravity of the side arch and the arc arch frame can be offset and superimposed on each other, effectively reducing the force required in the fine-tuning process, greatly reducing the difficulty of fine-tuning, making the fine-tuning work more stable and efficient, improving the quality and efficiency of the connection and installation of the arch frame, and transforming gravity into driving force, greatly saving energy consumption during the installation of the arch frame, and effectively improving the energy-saving and environmental protection performance of the device;

[0025] On the other hand, loading can be completed outside the tunnel, separating the loading work from the assembly and installation work, which can greatly improve the flexibility of the installation work, effectively save the space occupancy rate of the lifting device during the loading process, and give full play to the spatial flexibility of the arch frame assembly and installation process, making the installation work more flexible and efficient.

[0026] 2. Through the coordination of guide rails, lugs, slide cylinders, slide tubes, piston rings, push cylinders, push tubes and sealing rings, a positioning structure can be constructed, which can further transform and utilize gravity. With the limiting guiding function of the adjustment seat, machine base and limit box, the side arch and arc arch frame can be double-positioned and corrected, which can greatly improve the positioning accuracy between the side arch and the arc arch frame and the fit between the side arch and the arc arch frame and the side wall of the tunnel, which not only makes the assembly and connection of the side arch and the arc arch frame more efficient, convenient and flexible, but also fully improves the safety and reliability of the arch frame installation, improves the support effectiveness of the arch frame, and greatly reduces installation failures;

[0027] By cooperating with the support sleeve and the reinforcing rod, the supporting strength of the device can be effectively improved, making the alignment correction work and gravity conversion work more stable and smooth, and improving the durability of the device. By cooperating with the connecting pipe and the four-way valve, a complete hydraulic transmission channel can be constructed, which can make fuller and more stable use of gravity and improve the connection stability of the various working rooms of the device. By cooperating with the sliding support, column rod and roller, the side arch can be initially supported, which improves the convenience and stability of the transportation of the side arch, and indirectly improves the installation efficiency.

[0028] 3. A positioning and unhooking mechanism is provided. Through the coordination of the compensation chamber, threaded rod, piston plate, motor, liquid replenishing valve, compensation pipe and solenoid valve, a hydraulic compensation structure can be constructed. On the one hand, the hydraulic fluid inside the side cylinder can be compensated, which effectively improves the convenience and stability of the zeroing correction work of the device during the installation process, and can compensate for the height error caused by wear. While improving the stability of the arch frame assembly work, it indirectly increases the effective service life of the device and improves the durability of the device;

[0029] With the limiting function of the threaded barrel, screw, hexagonal rod and motor and the regulating function of the controller, each installation node can be conveniently regulated, and the alignment, connection, installation and fixing work as well as the separation work of each arch frame component can be effectively and accurately adaptively adjusted, which can greatly improve the connection stability and controllability of each link, making the installation work more convenient and reliable. With the energy supply of the battery, the installation work can be carried out more continuously and stably.

[0030] By cooperating with the hydraulic box, the clamping block, the through pipe and the conveying hole, a gravity clamping structure can be constructed to further transform and utilize the gravity, so that the clamping force of the arc arch frame can change synchronously with the gravity, which can fully ensure the stability of the arc arch frame and effectively prevent the arc arch frame from falling off, making the installation process safer and more reliable. At the same time, the hollow blocks, pins, sliding holes, sliding cavities, connecting holes, positioning rods and anti-slip rods can limit the side arches, which can fully ensure the stability of the gravity conversion and effectively reduce the safety and reliability of the assembly process.

[0031] To sum up, the arch frame installation device separates the loading work from the installation work, and transforms and utilizes gravity, taking gravity as the main power source, and spontaneously performs alignment correction on the various components of the arch frame. While improving energy saving, it can give full play to the hydraulic activity, improve assembly accuracy while reducing the difficulty of alignment, improve the fit between the arch frame and the tunnel, and use gravity to limit the arch frame, making the installation of the arch frame safer and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] In the attached picture:

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the position adjustment seat of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the machine base installation structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spontaneous alignment mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bracket installation structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side cylinder installation structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the alignment and release mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sliding support of the present invention;

[0042] Numbers in the figure: 100, carriage; 101, screw; 102, base; 103, hand wheel; 104, side arch; 105, arc arch frame; 106, traction frame; 107, elastic pad;

[0043] 200, self-aligning mechanism; 201, adjustment seat; 202, machine base; 203, limit box; 204, load-bearing cylinder; 205, support block; 206, support rod; 207, pressure head; 208, support sleeve; 209, reinforcing rod; 210, slide cylinder; 211, slide tube; 212, piston ring; 213, side cylinder; 214, slide plate; 215, slide rod; 216, bracket; 217, push cylinder; 218, push tube; 219, sealing ring; 220, connecting pipe; 221, four-way valve; 222, sliding support; 223, column rod; 224, roller; 225, guide rail; 226, support ear;

[0044] 2031, rotating wheel; 2032, limiting groove;

[0045] 300, alignment and disengagement mechanism; 301, compensation chamber; 302, threaded rod; 303, piston plate; 304, motor; 305, compensation tube; 306, solenoid valve; 307, threaded barrel; 308, screw rod; 309, hexagonal rod; 310, motor; 311, controller; 312, battery; 313, hydraulic box; 314, clamping block; 315, through pipe; 316, conveying hole; 317, hollow block; 318, pin; 319, sliding hole; 320, sliding chamber; 321, connecting hole; 322, positioning rod; 323, anti-drop rod; 324, liquid replenishing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0047] Example: Figure 1-8As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, an arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel, comprising a frame trolley 100, a screw rod 101 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the frame trolley 100, a base 102 is threadedly installed on the outer side of the screw rod 101, and a self-aligning mechanism 200 is installed on the top of the base 102;

[0048] The self-aligning mechanism 200 includes a positioning seat 201, a machine base 202, a limit box 203, a load-bearing cylinder 204, a support block 205, a support rod 206, a pressure head 207, a support sleeve 208, a reinforcing rod 209, a slide cylinder 210, a slide tube 211, a piston ring 212, a side cylinder 213, a slide plate 214, a slide rod 215, a bracket 216, a push cylinder 217, a push tube 218, a sealing ring 219, a connecting pipe 220, a four-way valve 221, a sliding support 222, a column rod 223, a roller 224, a guide rail 225 and a support ear 226;

[0049] A positioning seat 201 is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the base 102, and a base 202 is slidably installed on the top of the positioning seat 201. A guide rail 225 is symmetrically installed on the side end surface of the positioning seat 201. A support ear 226 is symmetrically installed at the position of the guide rail 225 at the bottom of the base 202, and the support ear 226 is slidably connected to the guide rail 225. A limit box 203 is embedded and slidably installed on the top of the base 202. A load-bearing cylinder 204 is installed in the middle of the top of the limit box 203. A support block 205 is slidably installed inside the load-bearing cylinder 204. A support rod 206 is installed in the middle of the top of the support block 205, and a pressure head 207 is installed on the top of the support rod 206.

[0050] A support sleeve 208 is installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the base 202, and a reinforcing rod 209 is embedded in the end of the support sleeve 208 and slidably installed. A slide cylinder 210 is installed at the bottom of the support sleeve 208, and a slide tube 211 is embedded in the end of the slide cylinder 210 and slidably installed. A piston ring 212 is installed at the end of the slide tube 211 located inside the slide cylinder 210, and a side cylinder 213 is installed at the end of the reinforcing rod 209, and the inner cavity of the side cylinder 213 is communicated with the inner cavity of the slide cylinder 210 through the slide tube 211. 13 A slide plate 214 is slidably installed inside, the bottom area of ​​the support block 205 is equal to the bottom area of ​​the slide plate 214, and the bottom area of ​​the support block 205 is larger than the bottom area of ​​the piston ring 212, so as to transform and utilize gravity. A slide bar 215 is installed in the middle of the top of the slide plate 214, and the length of the support rod 206 is three times the length of the slide bar 215. The length of the reinforcing rod 209 is equal to the length of the slide tube 211, so as to improve the stability of the gravity superposition transformation, and a bracket 216 is installed at the top of the slide bar 215;

[0051] A push tube 217 is embedded and installed at the position of the limit box 203 on the side end surface of the machine base 202, and a push tube 218 is embedded and slidably installed at the end of the push tube 217. A rotating wheel 2031 is rotatably installed in the middle of the side end surface of the limit box 203. A limiting groove 2032 is provided at the position of the rotating wheel 2031 on the side end surface of the machine base 202. The length of the push tube 218 is greater than the length of the limiting groove 2032, and the sliding distance of the limiting box 203 is equal to the length of the limiting groove 2032, so as to align the various components of the arch frame and improve the convenience of connection. A sealing ring 219 is installed at the end of the push tube 218 located inside the push tube 217, and the other end of the push tube 218 is connected to the limit box 203;

[0052] A connecting pipe 220 is installed at the other end of the push cylinder 217 and the edge of the side end face of the slide cylinder 210. A four-way valve 221 is installed at the end of the connecting pipe 220. The inner cavity of the slide cylinder 210 is connected with the inner cavity of the push cylinder 217 through the connecting pipe 220 and the four-way valve 221. The inner cavity of the limit box 203 is directly connected with the inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder 204. The inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder 204 is located at the bottom position of the support block 205, the inner cavity of the side cylinder 213 is located at the bottom position of the slide plate 214, and the inner cavities of the slide cylinder 210 and the push cylinder 217 are located between the piston ring 212 and the sealing ring 219. They are all filled with hydraulic fluid to make full use of the hydraulic activity and realize double alignment.

[0053] A sliding support 222 is symmetrically and slidably installed at the corner of the side end face of the trolley 100, a hand wheel 103 is installed at the end of the screw rod 101, a plurality of side arches 104 are evenly and equidistantly carried on the top of the sliding support 222, a plurality of arcuate arch frames 105 are evenly and equidistantly carried on the top of the trolley 100, elastic pads 107 are installed at the positions of the side arches 104 and the arcuate arch frames 105 on the top curved surface of the trolley 100, and the side arches 104 and the arcuate arch frames 105 are staggered and adjacently distributed, a traction frame 106 is rotatably installed at the end of the trolley 100 to centrally transport the various components of the arch frames, a column 223 is installed on one side of the bottom end of the sliding support 222, and a roller 224 is installed at the bottom end of the column 223.

[0054] A positioning and unhooking mechanism 300 is installed inside the frame vehicle 100, and the positioning and unhooking mechanism 300 includes a compensation chamber 301, a threaded rod 302, a piston plate 303, a motor 304, a compensation tube 305, a solenoid valve 306, a threaded cylinder 307, a screw rod 308, a hexagonal rod 309, a motor 310, a controller 311, a battery 312, a hydraulic box 313, a clamping block 314, a through pipe 315, a conveying hole 316, a hollow block 317, a pin 318, a sliding hole 319, a sliding chamber 320, a connecting hole 321, a positioning rod 322, an anti-drop rod 323 and a liquid replenishing valve 324;

[0055] A compensation chamber 301 is provided inside the machine base 202 at the bottom of the limit box 203, a threaded rod 302 is rotatably installed in the middle of the side end surface of the compensation chamber 301, a piston plate 303 is threadedly installed on the outside of the threaded rod 302 at the position inside the compensation chamber 301, and the piston plate 303 is slidably connected to the compensation chamber 301, a liquid replenishing valve 324 is embedded and installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the compensation chamber 301, a motor 304 is installed at the position of the threaded rod 302 on the side end surface of the machine base 202, and the output shaft of the motor 304 is connected to the threaded rod 302, a compensation tube 305 is installed at the bottom of the compensation chamber 301 near the side of the hollow block 317, and the end of the compensation tube 305 is connected to the four-way valve 221, and a solenoid valve 306 is embedded and installed at the position of the connecting tube 220 on the side end surface of the push cylinder 217;

[0056] A threaded cylinder 307 is rotatably mounted on the other side of the base 202 at the position corresponding to the limit box 203, a screw 308 is threadedly mounted inside the threaded cylinder 307, a hexagonal rod 309 is mounted in the middle of the side end of the limit box 203, and the hexagonal rod 309 is slidably connected to the screw 308, a motor 310 is embedded and mounted on the side end of the base 202 at the position corresponding to the threaded cylinder 307, and the output shaft of the motor 310 is connected to the threaded cylinder 307, and a controller 311 is embedded and connected to the top of the end surface of one side of the carriage 100, The compensation chamber 301 is filled with hydraulic fluid at a position between the piston plate 303 and the liquid replenishing valve 324. The motor 304 is a bidirectional motor, the motor 310 is a bidirectional motor, the controller 311 is a remote controller for the motor 304, the motor 310 and the solenoid valve 306, and the input ends of the motor 304, the motor 310 and the solenoid valve 306 are electrically connected to the output end of the battery 312 to improve the control convenience of the device and perform pressure compensation. A plurality of batteries 312 are evenly embedded and installed on the side end surface of the base 102 at equal distances;

[0057] The end surfaces of both sides of the pressure-bearing head 207 are embedded with hydraulic boxes 313, and a clamping block 314 is slidably installed inside the hydraulic box 313. A through pipe 315 is installed in the middle of the side end surface of the hydraulic box 313. The support block 205, the support rod 206 and the middle of the bottom end of the pressure-bearing head 207 are all provided with a conveying hole 316. The clamping block 314 can slide a distance equal to half the width of the top opening of the pressure-bearing head 207. The end of the through pipe 315 is connected with the conveying hole 316 to improve safety and prevent the arch frame from falling off. A hollow block 317 is embedded and slidably installed in the middle of the top of the bracket 216, and a pin 318 is embedded and slidably installed at the top corner of the bracket 216.

[0058] A sliding hole 319 is provided inside the bracket 216 at the position corresponding to the pin 318, a sliding cavity 320 is provided inside the bracket 216 at the position corresponding to the hollow block 317, a connecting hole 321 is provided at the bottom of the side end surface of the sliding cavity 320, and the sliding cavity 320 is connected to the sliding hole 319 through the connecting hole 321, a locking rod 322 is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the hollow block 317, and an anti-slip rod 323 is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the pin 318, the ratio of the sum of the weight of the hollow block 317 and the locking rod 322 to the sum of the weight of the anti-slip rod 323 and the pin 318 is greater than the ratio of the difference between the bottom areas of the anti-slip rod 323 and the pin 318 to the bottom area of ​​the hollow block 317, the sliding hole 319 and the sliding cavity 320 are filled with hydraulic fluid to improve the transportation stability of the arch frame, and the anti-slip rod 323 and the locking rod 322 are both sealed and slidably connected to the bracket 216.

[0059] Working principle and use process of the present invention: The arch frame installation device of the mountain tunnel is a non-powered device. Therefore, in actual use, it is first necessary to connect the frame 100 with a forklift or other construction traction vehicle through a traction frame 106 to drive the frame 100 to move and send the frame 100 to a specified position. Then, according to the position of the elastic pad 107, an external transfer device is used to place a plurality of arc-shaped arch frames 105 on the top of the frame 100 in sequence, and a plurality of side arches 104 are placed on the top of the sliding support 222 in sequence. This link can be carried out outside the tunnel. By cooperating with two frame trolleys 100, the connection time between the arch frame transfer work and the installation work can be effectively shortened, and the installation efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0060] Then, the solenoid valve 306 is controlled by the controller 311 to be in a closed state, and the motor 304 is controlled to rotate forward by the controller 311. The motor 304 drives the piston plate 303 to move toward the side of the liquid replenishing valve 324 through the threaded rod 302, and the hydraulic fluid in the compensation chamber 301 is pressed into the four-way valve 221 through the compensation pipe 305. Under the conduction of the connecting pipe 220, the hydraulic fluid is sent to the slide cylinder 210. Under the conduction of the slide pipe 211, the hydraulic fluid is sent to the side cylinder 213, forcing the slide plate 214 to drag the bracket 216 up through the slide rod 215 under the action of the hydraulic pressure. When the top of the hollow block 317 is flush with the bottom of the side arch 104, the motor 304 is turned off to make a preliminary correction to the horizontal height of the bracket 216.

[0061] Then, the controller 311 controls the motor 310, so that the motor 310 drives the threaded cylinder 307 to rotate forward. Under the limiting action of the hexagonal rod 309, the limit box 203 is driven to move toward the side of the push cylinder 217 through the screw rod 308, and the position of the pressure head 207 is preliminarily corrected. After the rotating wheel 2031 is fitted with the limiting groove 2032, the motor 310 is turned off. At this time, the horizontal distance between the pressure head 207 and the bracket 216 is equal to the horizontal distance between the adjacent side arch 104 and the arc-shaped arch frame 105;

[0062] Then, the hand wheel 103 is turned to drive the base 102 to move through the screw 101, and the positions of the bracket 216 and the pressure head 207 are further corrected. This correction work needs to be performed before each new round of arch frame installation work. At this time, driven by the base 102, the bracket 216 and the pressure head 207 will be synchronously displaced to one side of the sliding support 222, and push the sliding support 222 to slide. When the nearest side arch 104 is completely placed on the top of the hollow block 317, the screw 101 is stopped. At this time, the pressure head 207 is just placed under the nearest arc-shaped arch frame 105;

[0063] Since the ratio of the sum of the weights of the hollow block 317 and the locking rod 322 to the sum of the weights of the anti-slip rod 323 and the pin 318 is greater than the ratio of the difference between the bottom areas of the anti-slip rod 323 and the pin 318 to the bottom area of ​​the hollow block 317, according to Pascal's law, before the nearest side arch 104 is completely placed on the top of the hollow block 317, under the action of the gravity of the hollow block 317 and the locking rod 322, the hollow block 317 will rise to the maximum height relative to the bracket 216;

[0064] When the nearest side arch 104 is completely placed on the top of the hollow block 317, the side arch 104 will slide down along the sliding cavity 320 under the action of gravity, and the hydraulic fluid in the sliding cavity 320 will be pressed into the sliding hole 319 through the connecting hole 321, forcing the pin 318 to rise along the sliding hole 319 under the action of hydraulic pressure, and insert into the connecting hole at the bottom of the side arch 104 to limit the side arch 104. With the limiting effect of the elastic pad 107, the side arch 104 can be smoothly transferred from the sliding support 222 to the bracket 216;

[0065] After the side arch 104 is transferred from the sliding support 222 to the bracket 216, its gravity will be applied to the bracket 216, forcing the slide rod 215 to drag the slide plate 214 downward under the action of gravity, and press the bottom hydraulic fluid into the slide cylinder 210 through the slide tube 211, forcing the piston ring 212 to drive the slide tube 211 to move outward under the action of hydraulic pressure, so that the bracket 216 drives the side arches 104 on both sides to move, so that the side arches 104 are close to the side walls of the tunnel while descending. At this time, since the height of the side arch 104 is higher than the actual required installation height, it will eventually be restricted by the tunnel walls on both sides. Before the side arches 104 on both sides contact the tunnel walls on both sides, the solenoid valve 306 is opened by the controller 311;

[0066] At this time, the hydraulic pressure will enter the push tube 217 through the connecting pipe 220 and the four-way valve 221 under the pressure of the side arch 104, and enter the limit box 203 and the load-bearing cylinder 204 through the push pipe 218, forcing the support block 205 to drag the pressure head 207 upward through the support rod 206 under the action of the hydraulic pressure, so that the pressure head 207 is engaged with the arc-shaped arch frame 105 at the top, and the arc-shaped arch frame 105 is lifted and synchronously rises. In this process, with the transfer of hydraulic fluid, the side arches 104 on both sides are lowered and the horizontal displacement distance is increased;

[0067] If the position of the arc-shaped arch frame 105 deviates from the center of the tunnel at this time, the side arch 104 on one side will contact the tunnel wall first, and the piston rings 212 on both sides will be subjected to the same hydraulic pressure, that is, at this time, under the limit of the tunnel wall, as the slide tube 211 slides out, the machine base 202 will be pushed by the slide tube 211 and move along the guide rail 225 to the side of the side arch 104 that is not in contact with the tunnel side wall. Similarly, if there is a deflection angle between the arc-shaped arch frame 105 and the cross surface, after the side arches 104 on both sides are in contact with the side wall, a deflection gap will be generated between the side of the side arch 104 and the tunnel wall. At this time, under the action of hydraulic pressure, as the slide tube 211 slides out, the adjustment seat 201 will rotate accordingly to adapt to the rising process of the distance between the side arches 104 on both sides, so as to realize the double spontaneous correction of the position of the arc-shaped arch frame 105.

[0068] In the above process, as the pressure head 207 engages with the arc-shaped arch frame 105 at the top, the hydraulic fluid will also enter the hydraulic box 313 through the delivery hole 316 and the through pipe 315, forcing the clamping block 314 to move under the action of the hydraulic pressure, fit with the arc-shaped arch frame 105, limit it and prevent it from falling off. After the arc-shaped arch frame 105 abuts against the top of the tunnel, it is restricted by the tunnel walls on both sides, and the side arches 104 on both sides can no longer move;

[0069] At this time, the controller 311 controls the motor 304 and the motor 310 to rotate in the opposite direction. Under the driving action of the motor 310 and the limiting action of the hexagonal rod 309, the screw rod 308 will gradually retract into the threaded barrel 307. After the limiting action of the screw rod 308 is lost, the sealing ring 219 will drive the limiting box 203 to slide through the push tube 218 under the action of hydraulic pressure, so that the arc arch frame 105 is close to the side arch 104. After the screw rod 308 is completely retracted into the threaded barrel 307, the motor 310 is turned off, and the motor 304 is turned off. Driven by the piston plate 303, the piston plate 303 will move away from the liquid replenishing valve 324. The hydraulic fluid in the side cylinder 213 will enter the compensation chamber 301 through the connecting pipe 220, the four-way valve 221 and the compensation pipe 305 under the pressure of the side arch 104. The side arch 104 will continue to slide down and move to both sides, gradually approaching the specified position. When the top end face of the side arch 104 is aligned with the bottom end face of the arc-shaped arch frame 105, the motor 304 is turned off. At this time, under the action of hydraulic pressure, the side arch 104 and the arc-shaped arch frame 105 can fit the tunnel height.

[0070] At this time, the staff can connect and fix the side arch 104 and the arc arch frame 105 through external bolts. At the same time, since the gravity of the side arch 104 and the arc arch frame 105 offsets each other, the staff can fine-tune the positions of the side arch 104 and the arc arch frame 105 with very little force, which can make the connection and fixation work more efficient and convenient. After completing the connection and fixation work of the side arch 104 and the arc arch frame 105, close the solenoid valve 306, drive the motor 304 to rotate in the opposite direction, and draw the hydraulic fluid inside the side cylinder 213 into the compensation chamber 301, forcing the bracket 216 to separate from the side arch 104. At this time, the external arch foot can be installed at the bottom end of the side arch 104;

[0071] After the arch foot is installed, that is, after the side arch 104 is stably supported, open and close the solenoid valve 306, and start the motor 304 again, control the motor 304 to rotate in the opposite direction, and pump the hydraulic fluid inside the load-bearing cylinder 204 into the compensation chamber 301, so that the pressure-bearing head 207 is separated from the arc-shaped arch frame 105, completing the installation of the current arch frame, and then use an external tractor to send the frame vehicle 100 to the next arch frame installation position, repeat the above process to install the next arch frame.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arch frame installation device for a mountain tunnel, comprising a frame vehicle (100), characterized in that: A screw rod (101) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the side end surface of the carriage (100); a base (102) is threadedly mounted on the outside of the screw rod (101); and a self-aligning mechanism (200) is mounted on the top of the base (102); The spontaneous alignment mechanism (200) comprises a positioning seat (201); A positioning seat (201) is rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the base (102); a base (202) is slidably mounted on the top of the positioning seat (201); a guide rail (225) is symmetrically mounted on the side end surface of the positioning seat (201); a support ear (226) is symmetrically mounted at the position of the bottom of the base (202) corresponding to the guide rail (225); and the support ear (226) is slidably connected to the guide rail (225); a limit box (203) is embedded and slidably mounted on the top of the base (202); a load-bearing cylinder (204) is mounted in the middle of the top of the limit box (203); a support block (205) is slidably mounted inside the load-bearing cylinder (204); a support rod (206) is mounted in the middle of the top of the support block (205); and a pressure head (207) is mounted on the top of the support rod (206); A support sleeve (208) is installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the machine base (202), and a reinforcing rod (209) is slidably installed in the end of the support sleeve (208), a slide cylinder (210) is installed at the bottom of the support sleeve (208), and a slide tube (211) is slidably installed in the end of the slide cylinder (210), and a piston ring (212) is installed at the end of the slide tube (211) located inside the slide cylinder (210), a side cylinder (213) is installed at the end of the reinforcing rod (209), and the inner cavity of the side cylinder (213) is connected to the inner cavity of the slide cylinder (210) through the slide tube (211), a slide plate (214) is slidably installed inside the side cylinder (213), a slide rod (215) is installed in the middle of the top end of the slide rod (214), and a bracket (216) is installed at the top end of the slide rod (215); A push tube (217) is embedded and installed at a position corresponding to the limit box (203) on the side end surface of the machine base (202), and a push tube (218) is embedded and slidably installed at the end of the push tube (217). A sealing ring (219) is installed at the end of the push tube (218) located inside the push tube (217), and the other end of the push tube (218) is connected to the limit box (203). A connecting tube (220) is installed at the other end of the push tube (217) and the edge of the side end surface of the slide tube (210), and a four-way valve (221) is installed at the end of the connecting tube (220). A sliding support (222) is symmetrically slidably installed at the corner of the side end surface of the frame vehicle (100), a column (223) is installed on one side of the bottom end of the sliding support (222), and a roller (224) is installed at the bottom end of the column (223); The top end of the sliding support (222) evenly and equidistantly carries a plurality of side arches (104). Under the pressure of the side arches (104), hydraulic pressure enters the push cylinder (217) through the connecting pipe (220) and the four-way valve (221), and enters the limit box (203) and the load-bearing cylinder (204) through the push pipe (218).

2. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hand wheel (103) is installed at the end of the screw rod (101); a plurality of arc-shaped arch frames (105) are evenly and equidistantly carried on the top of the trolley (100); elastic pads (107) are installed at positions of the curved surface of the top of the trolley (100) corresponding to the side arches (104) and the arc-shaped arch frames (105); the side arches (104) and the arc-shaped arch frames (105) are staggered and adjacently distributed; and a traction frame (106) is rotatably installed at the end of the trolley (100).

3. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating wheel (2031) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the side end surface of the limit box (203), a limit slot (2032) is provided on the side end surface of the machine base (202) at a position corresponding to the rotating wheel (2031), the length of the push tube (218) is greater than the length of the limit slot (2032), and the sliding distance of the limit box (203) is equal to the length of the limit slot (2032).

4. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom area of ​​the support block (205) is equal to the bottom area of ​​the slide plate (214), and the bottom area of ​​the support block (205) is greater than the bottom area of ​​the piston ring (212).

5. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the support rod (206) is three times the length of the sliding rod (215), and the length of the reinforcing rod (209) is equal to the length of the sliding tube (211).

6. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the slide cylinder (210) is connected to the inner cavity of the push cylinder (217) through the connecting pipe (220) and the four-way valve (221), and the inner cavity of the limit box (203) is directly connected to the inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder (204). The inner cavity of the load-bearing cylinder (204) located at the bottom position of the support block (205), the inner cavity of the side cylinder (213) located at the bottom position of the slide plate (214), and the inner cavities of the slide cylinder (210) and the push cylinder (217) located between the piston ring (212) and the sealing ring (219) are all filled with hydraulic fluid.

7. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning and unhooking mechanism (300) is installed inside the carriage (100), and the positioning and unhooking mechanism (300) comprises a compensation cavity (301); A compensation chamber (301) is provided inside the machine base (202) at the bottom of the limit box (203); a threaded rod (302) is rotatably mounted on the middle of the side end surface of the compensation chamber (301); a piston plate (303) is threadedly mounted on the outside of the threaded rod (302) at a position inside the compensation chamber (301); the piston plate (303) is slidably connected to the compensation chamber (301); and a liquid replenishing valve (324) is embedded and mounted on the bottom of the side end surface of the compensation chamber (301). A motor (304) is installed at a position corresponding to the threaded rod (302) on the side end surface of the machine base (202), and the output shaft of the motor (304) is connected to the threaded rod (302); a compensation tube (305) is installed at a position close to one side of the hollow block (317) at the bottom end of the compensation chamber (301), and the end of the compensation tube (305) is connected to the four-way valve (221); and a solenoid valve (306) is embedded and installed at a position corresponding to the connecting tube (220) on the side end surface of the push cylinder (217); A threaded barrel (307) is rotatably mounted on the other side end surface of the machine base (202) at a position corresponding to the limit box (203), a screw rod (308) is threadedly mounted inside the threaded barrel (307), a hexagonal rod (309) is mounted in the middle of the side end of the limit box (203), and the hexagonal rod (309) is slidably connected to the screw rod (308), a motor (310) is embedded and mounted on the side end surface of the machine base (202) at a position corresponding to the threaded barrel (307), and the output shaft of the motor (310) is connected to the threaded barrel (307), a controller (311) is embedded and clamped on the top of one side end surface of the trolley (100), and a plurality of storage batteries (312) are evenly and equidistantly embedded and mounted on the side end surface of the base (102); The end surfaces of both sides of the pressure-bearing head (207) are embedded with hydraulic boxes (313), a clamping block (314) is slidably mounted inside the hydraulic box (313), a through pipe (315) is mounted in the middle of the side end surface of the hydraulic box (313), a conveying hole (316) is opened in the middle of the bottom end of the support block (205), the support rod (206) and the pressure-bearing head (207), a hollow block (317) is embedded and slidably mounted in the middle of the top end of the bracket (216), and a pin (318) is embedded and slidably mounted at the top corner of the bracket (216); A sliding hole (319) is provided inside the bracket (216) at a position corresponding to the pin (318), a sliding cavity (320) is provided inside the bracket (216) at a position corresponding to the hollow block (317), a connecting hole (321) is provided at the bottom of the side end surface of the sliding cavity (320), and the sliding cavity (320) is connected to the sliding hole (319) via the connecting hole (321), a locking rod (322) is installed at the middle of the bottom end of the hollow block (317), and an anti-slip rod (323) is installed at the middle of the bottom end of the pin (318), and both the anti-slip rod (323) and the locking rod (322) are sealed and slidably connected to the bracket (216).

8. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compensation chamber (301) is filled with hydraulic fluid at a position between the piston plate (303) and the liquid replenishing valve (324); the motor (304) is a bidirectional motor; the motor (310) is a bidirectional motor; the controller (311) is a remote controller for the motor (304), the motor (310) and the solenoid valve (306); and the input ends of the motor (304), the motor (310) and the solenoid valve (306) are electrically connected to the output end of the battery (312).

9. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping block (314) can slide a distance equal to half the width of the top opening of the pressure-bearing head (207), and the end of the through pipe (315) is connected to the conveying hole (316).

10. The arch mounting device for a mountain tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio of the sum of the weights of the hollow block (317) and the locking rod (322) to the sum of the weights of the anti-slip rod (323) and the pin (318) is greater than the ratio of the difference between the bottom areas of the anti-slip rod (323) and the pin (318) to the bottom area of ​​the hollow block (317), and the sliding hole (319) and the sliding cavity (320) are both filled with hydraulic fluid.

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