Wind turbine generator fatigue early warning method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind turbine generator fatigue early warning method and device, and relates to the related technical field of wind turbine generator fatigue early warning, limit determination is carried out on the vibration frequency of a gearbox through a first spring and a second spring with different inherent frequencies, when the gearbox is fatigue and aged, the vibration frequency of the gearbox breaks through the upper limit and the lower limit of the frequency, and the fatigue aging of the gearbox cannot be influenced. Therefore, the first spring and the second spring can resonate at some time, the positioning pin is separated through magnetic force, original planetary gear acceleration transmission is disconnected and changed into direct connection, and further deterioration of fatigue damage is prevented at the cost of reducing the power generation efficiency; according to the scheme, the mode that online early warning and physical early warning are combined is adopted, the transmission mode of the fan is automatically changed at the first time when early warning occurs, control over fatigue damage can be effectively guaranteed, and loss expansion is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to fatigue warning of wind turbine sets, and in particular to a method and device for fatigue warning of wind turbine sets. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment of wind power generation, the stability and safety of the operating state of wind turbines are of vital importance. However, during long-term operation, wind turbines will be affected by various external forces and internal factors, resulting in component fatigue, damage or even failure, especially the gearbox. The fan blades of the wind turbine need to be connected to the generator through an acceleration gearbox to obtain the maximum power generation efficiency as much as possible. However, since the wind force is constantly changing, the gear load in the gearbox is also constantly changing, which will cause the gears to fatigue quickly and may be damaged. Therefore, the development of an efficient and accurate wind turbine fatigue warning method and device is of great significance to improving the operating efficiency of wind turbines, extending their service life and ensuring safe production.

[0003] However, traditional wind turbine fatigue warning devices still need to wait for maintenance personnel to perform further processing after issuing a warning of gear fatigue in the wind turbine gearbox. They cannot automatically respond and adjust the equipment operating status when encountering equipment fatigue or damage. This may cause equipment damage to worsen, leading to more serious consequences. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine fatigue warning method and device to solve the problem that the traditional wind turbine fatigue warning device mentioned in the above background can only provide warning but cannot automatically respond to adjust the operation of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a fatigue warning device for a wind turbine, comprising a fan, a fan blade and a generator, wherein the fan blade is connected to a gearbox through a first flange, the gearbox is connected to the generator through a second flange, a driving shaft and a driven shaft are respectively arranged on both sides of the gearbox, the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the first flange through a keyway, the driven shaft is fixedly connected to the second flange through a keyway, one end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to a first rotating disk, a large gear ring is rotatably connected in the gearbox, the first rotating disk drives the large gear ring to rotate, one end of the driven shaft is fixedly connected to a central gear, three planetary gears are meshed around the central gear, the planetary gears are rotatably connected to the gearbox, and the outer sides of the planetary gears are meshed with the large gear ring;

[0006] A first through hole is formed on the first rotating disk, a telescopic connecting rod is inserted into the first through hole, a movable ring is fixedly connected to the telescopic connecting rod, the movable ring is rotatably connected to the gearbox, and the movable ring drives the large gear ring to rotate;

[0007] The right side of the movable ring is connected to a tension spring, the right side of the tension spring is fixedly connected to a fixed ring, and the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the gearbox;

[0008] A detection groove is arranged above the gearbox, a positioning pin is arranged at the bottom of the detection groove, the positioning pin is located on the right side of the movable ring, and prevents the movable ring from moving to the right, an acceleration sensor is connected to the top of the positioning pin through a spring, a first magnet is fixedly connected to the top of the acceleration sensor, a sealing cover is fixedly connected to the top of the detection groove through a thread, a second magnet is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover, and the first magnet and the second magnet attract each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the right side of the movable ring is rotatably connected to a rotating bearing, the tension spring is fixedly connected to the rotating bearing, and the positioning pin is in contact with the right side of the rotating bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the contact surfaces between the movable ring and the large toothed ring are respectively processed with one-way ratchets, and the one-way ratchets on the left side of the movable ring and the one-way ratchets on the right side of the large toothed ring are interlocked.

[0011] Furthermore, three first through holes are arranged at equal intervals in a circle around the first rotating disk, and three telescopic connecting rods are also arranged.

[0012] Furthermore, two springs are arranged between the positioning pin and the acceleration sensor, namely a first spring and a second spring, the lower end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the positioning pin, the upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, the lower end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the acceleration sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the natural frequency of the first spring is 200 Hz, and the natural frequency of the second spring is 600 Hz.

[0014] Furthermore, when the positioning pin is stuck on the right side of the movable ring, the first magnet is outside the attraction range of the second magnet.

[0015] Furthermore, a second rotating disk is fixedly connected to the right side of the center gear, a second through hole is opened on the second rotating disk, a cylindrical pin is arranged in the second through hole, a pressure spring is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical pin, a pressure regulating knob is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second through hole by a thread, a ball is rotatably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical pin, and an embedding groove is processed at the opening of the upper end of the first through hole.

[0016] Furthermore, three second through holes are provided, and the positions thereof correspond to those of the first through holes.

[0017] The present invention provides another technical solution: a wind turbine fatigue early warning method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Vibration signal monitoring: Install high-precision acceleration sensors on the gearboxes that are working normally and the gearboxes that have fatigue damage to ensure that the vibration data of the gearboxes can be accurately collected;

[0019] S2. Vibration signal analysis: Analyze the vibration frequency based on the collected acceleration data, and count the working vibration frequency of the gearbox in normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox with fatigue damage, and draw a line graph;

[0020] S3. Setting of warning limits: Statistics are collected on the working vibration frequency of the gearbox in normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox with fatigue damage, and the upper warning limit of 600Hz and the lower warning limit of 200Hz are set according to the frequency extreme values ​​of the two;

[0021] S4. Warning signal is issued: When the vibration frequency of the gearbox reaches the warning upper limit of 600Hz or the warning lower limit of 200Hz, the transmission mode of the fan blades and the generator is changed, bypassing the gearbox and changing to direct drive, maintaining a low-efficiency power generation state, and issuing a fatigue warning signal, waiting for maintenance. When the gearbox is damaged and stuck, the fan blades and the generator are disconnected, power generation is stopped, and a damage warning is issued.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention proposes a wind turbine fatigue warning method and device, which use two groups of first springs and second springs with different natural frequencies to determine the limit of the vibration frequency of the gearbox. When the gearbox is fatigued and aged, its vibration frequency will exceed the upper and lower frequency limits, so that at a certain time the vibration frequency of the gearbox will be close to the natural frequencies of the first spring and the second spring, thereby causing resonance of the first spring and the second spring, so that the positioning pin is disengaged by magnetic force, thereby disconnecting the original planetary gear acceleration transmission and changing it to direct transmission, thereby preventing fatigue damage from further deterioration at the cost of reducing power generation efficiency. At the same time, when the gearbox gear is damaged, the direct transmission between the fan blades and the generator will also be disconnected, thereby avoiding further expansion of losses. This solution adopts a combination of online warning and physical warning, and automatically changes the transmission mode of the fan at the first time the warning occurs, which can effectively ensure the control of fatigue damage and avoid loss expansion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fan blades and the generator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the gearbox of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional front view of the gearbox of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rotating disk of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical pin structure of the present invention.

[0032] Numbers in the figure: 1. fan; 2. fan blades; 3. first flange; 4. gearbox; 5. second flange; 6. generator; 7. driving shaft; 8. driven shaft; 9. first rotating disk; 10. first through hole; 11. telescopic connecting rod; 12. movable ring; 13. large gear ring; 14. one-way ratchet; 15. central gear; 16. planetary gear; 17. rotating bearing; 18. tension spring; 19. fixing ring; 20. detection groove; 21. positioning pin; 22. first spring; 23. connecting piece; 24. second spring; 25. acceleration sensor; 26. first magnet; 27. sealing cover; 28. second magnet; 29. ​​second rotating disk; 30. second through hole; 31. cylindrical pin; 32. pressure spring; 33. pressure adjustment knob; 34. ball; 35. embedding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-8As shown, a fatigue warning device for a wind turbine group includes a fan 1, a fan blade 2 and a generator 6. The fan blade 2 is connected to a gearbox 4 through a first flange 3. The gearbox 4 is connected to the generator 6 through a second flange 5. A driving shaft 7 and a driven shaft 8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the gearbox 4. The driving shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the first flange 3 through a keyway, and the driven shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the second flange 5 through a keyway. One end of the driving shaft 7 is fixedly connected to a first rotating disk 9, and a large gear ring 13 is rotatably connected in the gearbox 4. The first rotating disk 9 drives the large gear ring 13 to rotate. One end of the driven shaft 8 is fixedly connected to a central gear 15, and three planetary gears 16 are meshed around the central gear 15. The planetary gears 16 are rotatably connected to the gearbox 4, and the outer sides of the planetary gears 16 are meshed with the large gear ring 13. A first through hole 10 is provided on the first rotating disk 9, and a telescopic connecting rod 11 is inserted into the first through hole 10. The telescopic connecting rod 11 is fixedly connected to a movable ring 12, and the movable ring 12 is rotatably connected to the gearbox 4. When the first rotating disk 9 rotates, the movable ring 12 is driven to rotate through the telescopic connecting rod 11. The contact surfaces between the movable ring 12 and the large gear ring 13 are respectively processed with one-way ratchet teeth 14, and the one-way ratchet teeth 14 on the left side of the movable ring 12 are engaged with the one-way ratchet teeth 14 on the right side of the large gear ring 13, so that the movable ring 12 can drive the large gear ring 13 to rotate, and the large gear ring 13 drives the planetary gear 16 and the center gear 15 to rotate, so that the driving shaft 7 drives the driven shaft 8 to accelerate through the transmission of the driving shaft 7, the planetary gear 16 and the center gear 15.

[0035] Specifically, the right side of the movable ring 12 is rotatably connected to the rotating bearing 17, and the tension spring 18 is fixedly connected to the rotating bearing 17, so that the movable ring 12 will not drive the tension spring 18 to rotate, and the positioning pin 21 is in contact with the right side of the rotating bearing 17. Similarly, the positioning pin 21 will not rub against the movable ring 12. The right side of the tension spring 18 is fixedly connected to a fixed ring 19, and the fixed ring 19 is fixedly connected to the gearbox 4. In this way, when the movable ring 12 is disengaged, the fixed ring 19 will pull the movable ring 12 to the right through the tension spring 18, so that the movable ring 12 and the large gear ring 13 are disengaged, so that the large gear ring 13 no longer rotates.

[0036] A detection groove 20 is arranged above the gearbox 4, and a positioning pin 21 is arranged at the bottom of the detection groove 20. The positioning pin 21 is located on the right side of the movable ring 12 to prevent the movable ring 12 from moving to the right. An acceleration sensor 25 is connected to the top of the positioning pin 21 through a spring, and a first magnet 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the acceleration sensor 25. A sealing cover 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the detection groove 20 through a thread, and a second magnet 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover 27. The first magnet 26 and the second magnet 28 attract each other. Two springs are arranged between the positioning pin 21 and the acceleration sensor 25, namely a first spring 22 and a second spring 24. The lower end of the first spring 22 is fixedly connected to the positioning pin 21, and the upper end of the first spring 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting piece 23, and the lower end of the second spring 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting piece 23, and the upper end of the second spring 24 is fixedly connected to the acceleration sensor 25. Therefore, when the first spring 22 or the second spring 24 resonates, the second magnet 28 will approach the first magnet 26 when vibrating, and then be adsorbed together, and the positioning pin 21 is pulled out by the conversation pulling force.

[0037] Specifically, the natural frequency of the first spring 22 is 200 Hz, and the natural frequency of the second spring 24 is 600 Hz, so that when the vibration frequency of the transmission is close to 200 Hz or 600 Hz, the first spring 22 or the second spring 24 will resonate.

[0038] Specifically, when the positioning pin 21 is stuck on the right side of the movable ring 12, the first magnet 26 is located outside the attraction range of the second magnet 28, thereby preventing the positioning pin 21 from being pulled out during normal operation.

[0039] A second rotating disk 29 is fixedly connected to the right side of the central gear 15, and a second through hole 30 is opened on the second rotating disk 29. A cylindrical pin 31 is arranged in the second through hole 30, and a pressure spring 32 is arranged on the upper end of the cylindrical pin 31. A pressure regulating knob 33 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second through hole 30 by means of a thread, and a ball 34 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical pin 31. An embedding groove 35 is processed at the opening of the upper end of the first through hole 10. When the tension spring 18 pulls the movable ring 12 to the right, the telescopic connecting rod 11 will withdraw from the first through hole 10, so that the cylindrical pin 31 will be embedded in the groove 35, so that the first rotating disk 9 and the second rotating disk 29 are locked, and when the gear of the gearbox 4 is locked, the ball 34 will fall out of the embedding groove 35, so that the driving shaft 7 and the driven shaft 8 are disconnected.

[0040] Specifically, three first through holes 10 are arranged at equal intervals in a circle around the first rotating disk 9, three telescopic connecting rods 11 are also arranged, and three second through holes 30 are opened, and the positions correspond to the first through holes 10, so as to ensure the stability of the connection between the first rotating disk 9 and the second rotating disk 33.

[0041] A wind turbine fatigue early warning method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. Vibration signal monitoring: Install high-precision acceleration sensors 25 on the normally working gearbox 4 and the gearbox 4 with fatigue damage to ensure that the vibration data of the gearbox 4 can be accurately collected;

[0043] S2. Vibration signal analysis: Analyze the vibration frequency according to the collected acceleration data, and count the working vibration frequency of the gearbox 4 in a normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox 4 with fatigue damage, and draw a line graph;

[0044] S3. Setting of warning limits: Count the working vibration frequency of the gearbox 4 in a normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox 4 with fatigue damage, and set the warning upper limit of 600Hz and the warning lower limit of 200Hz based on the frequency extreme values ​​of the two;

[0045] S4. Warning signal is issued: when the vibration frequency of the gearbox 4 reaches the warning upper limit of 600Hz or the warning lower limit of 200Hz, the transmission mode of the fan blades 2 and the generator 6 is changed, bypassing the gearbox and changing to direct drive, maintaining the low-efficiency power generation state, and issuing a fatigue warning signal, waiting for maintenance. When the gearbox 4 is damaged and stuck, the transmission of the fan blades 2 and the generator 6 is disconnected, power generation is stopped, and a damage warning is issued.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fatigue warning device for a wind turbine, comprising a wind turbine (1), a wind turbine blade (2) and a generator (6), wherein the wind turbine blade (2) is connected to a gearbox (4) via a first flange (3), and the gearbox (4) is connected to the generator (6) via a second flange (5), characterized in that: A driving shaft (7) and a driven shaft (8) are respectively provided on both sides of the gearbox (4); the driving shaft (7) is fixedly connected to the first flange (3) through a keyway, and the driven shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the second flange (5) through a keyway; one end of the driving shaft (7) is fixedly connected to a first rotating disk (9); a large gear ring (13) is rotatably connected inside the gearbox (4); the first rotating disk (9) drives the large gear ring (13) to rotate; one end of the driven shaft (8) is fixedly connected to a central gear (15); three planetary gears (16) are meshed around the central gear (15); the planetary gears (16) are rotatably connected to the gearbox (4); and the outer sides of the planetary gears (16) are meshed with the large gear ring (13); The first rotating disk (9) is provided with a first through hole (10), a telescopic connecting rod (11) is inserted into the first through hole (10), the telescopic connecting rod (11) is fixedly connected to a movable ring (12), the movable ring (12) is rotatably connected to the gearbox (4), and the movable ring (12) drives the large gear ring (13) to rotate; The right side of the movable ring (12) is connected to a tension spring (18), the right side of the tension spring (18) is fixedly connected to a fixed ring (19), and the fixed ring (19) is fixedly connected to the gearbox (4); A detection groove (20) is arranged above the gearbox (4), a positioning pin (21) is arranged at the bottom of the detection groove (20), the positioning pin (21) is located on the right side of the movable ring (12) to prevent the movable ring (12) from moving to the right, an acceleration sensor (25) is connected to the top of the positioning pin (21) via a spring, a first magnet (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the acceleration sensor (25), a sealing cover (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the detection groove (20) via a thread, a second magnet (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing cover (27), and the first magnet (26) and the second magnet (28) attract each other.

2. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the movable ring (12) is rotatably connected to a rotating bearing (17), the tension spring (18) is fixedly connected to the rotating bearing (17), and the positioning pin (21) is in contact with the right side of the rotating bearing (17).

3. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces between the movable ring (12) and the large toothed ring (13) are respectively processed with one-way ratchets (14), and the one-way ratchets (14) on the left side of the movable ring (12) and the one-way ratchets (14) on the right side of the large toothed ring (13) are interlocked.

4. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three first through holes (10) are arranged at equal intervals in a circle around the first rotating disk (9), and three telescopic connecting rods (11) are also arranged.

5. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two springs are arranged between the positioning pin (21) and the acceleration sensor (25), namely a first spring (22) and a second spring (24); the lower end of the first spring (22) is fixedly connected to the positioning pin (21); the upper end of the first spring (22) is fixedly connected to a connecting piece (23); the lower end of the second spring (24) is fixedly connected to the connecting piece (23); and the upper end of the second spring (24) is fixedly connected to the acceleration sensor (25).

6. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The natural frequency of the first spring (22) is 200 Hz, and the natural frequency of the second spring (24) is 600 Hz.

7. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the positioning pin (21) is stuck on the right side of the movable ring (12), the first magnet (26) is located outside the attraction range of the second magnet (28).

8. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second rotating disk (29) is fixedly connected to the right side of the central gear (15), a second through hole (30) is opened on the second rotating disk (29), a cylindrical pin (31) is arranged in the second through hole (30), a pressure spring (32) is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical pin (31), a pressure regulating knob (33) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second through hole (30) by means of a thread, a ball (34) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical pin (31), and an embedding groove (35) is processed at the upper opening of the first through hole (10).

9. A wind turbine fatigue warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three second through holes (30) are provided, and their positions correspond to those of the first through holes (10).

10. A wind turbine fatigue early warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Vibration signal monitoring: Install high-precision acceleration sensors (25) on the gearbox (4) in normal operation and the gearbox (4) with fatigue damage to ensure that vibration data of the gearbox (4) can be accurately collected; S2. Vibration signal analysis: analyzing the vibration frequency according to the collected acceleration data, and statistically analyzing the working vibration frequency of the gearbox (4) in a normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox (4) with fatigue damage, and drawing a line graph; S3. Setting of warning limits: Statistically calculate the working vibration frequency of the gearbox (4) in a normal state and the working vibration frequency of the gearbox (4) with fatigue damage, and set a warning upper limit of 600 Hz and a warning lower limit of 200 Hz based on the frequency extremes of the two; S4. Warning signal is issued: when the vibration frequency of the gearbox (4) reaches the warning upper limit of 600 Hz or the warning lower limit of 200 Hz, the transmission mode of the fan blades (2) and the generator (6) is changed, bypassing the gearbox and changing to direct drive, maintaining a low-efficiency power generation state, and issuing a fatigue warning signal to wait for maintenance. When the gearbox (4) is damaged or stuck, the transmission of the fan blades (2) and the generator (6) is disconnected, power generation is stopped, and a damage warning is issued.

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