Control methods and control devices for wind power hydrogen production systems

Abstract

The application provides a kind of wind power hydrogen production system control method and control device, method includes: establishing hydrogen production electrolytic cell reaches the start-up time characteristic and start-up power characteristic model under different ambient temperature, circulating alkali temperature combination to reach stable hydrogen production;Establish the operation control model of the setting component in wind power hydrogen production system;According to the current ambient temperature and hydrogen production electrolytic cell state, establish the operation constraint condition of setting component at least one predicted time in prediction period;According to start-up time characteristic and start-up power characteristic model, operation control model and operation constraint condition, establish the hydrogen production benefit model of wind power hydrogen production system;According to hydrogen production benefit model, solve the hydrogen production benefit maximum of predicted time corresponding instruction of component to be controlled, and according to the instruction of predicted time corresponding control component to be controlled operation.The control method provided by the application obtains the control instruction of each component according to the operation control model and constraint condition of each component of the system, and improves the scheduling accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy-related technologies, and in particular to a control method and control device for a wind power hydrogen production system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing wind power-to-hydrogen systems, the internal temperature of the alkaline hydrogen electrolyzer significantly affects its performance during operation. Excessively high or low temperatures can prevent the electrolyzer from producing hydrogen stably and safely.

[0003] Therefore, when the dispatching system sends control commands to the electrolyzer, the electrolyzer may not be able to respond in time, resulting in the wind power hydrogen production system being unable to complete the expected dispatch and poor dispatching accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The control method and control device for a wind power hydrogen production system provided by this invention realizes the dynamic determination of control commands for components in the wind power hydrogen production system based on the current temperature and the operation control models and constraints of each component, thereby improving the scheduling accuracy.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a control method for a wind power hydrogen production system is provided, the control method comprising:

[0006] Establish a model of the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature.

[0007] An operational control model is established for designated components in a wind power hydrogen production system; wherein, the designated components include: the hydrogen electrolyzer, the battery, the hydrogen compressor, and the hydrogen storage tank;

[0008] Based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen electrolyzer, establish the operating constraints of the set components at at least one prediction time within the prediction period.

[0009] Based on the startup time characteristics, the startup power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints, a hydrogen production revenue model for the wind power hydrogen production system is established.

[0010] The instructions corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time are calculated based on the hydrogen production revenue model, and the controlled component is controlled to operate according to the instructions corresponding to the predicted time; wherein the controlled component includes: hydrogen electrolyzer, battery and hydrogen compressor.

[0011] Optionally, the establishment of the start-up time and start-up power characteristic model of the hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature includes:

[0012] The startup time characteristic expression includes: t st,i (k)=f st,i (k,T a ,T e,i );

[0013] The starting power characteristic model expression includes: P st,i (k)=f t,i (k,T a ,T e,i );

[0014] Among them, T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k. e,i t is the temperature of the circulating alkali solution in the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. st,i In temperature combination (T) a ,T e,i The startup time required for the electrolyzer to stably produce hydrogen from time k is given by P. st,i It is the combination of temperature (T) of the hydrogen production control system of the i-th electrolyzer at time k. a ,T e,i The electrical power used when heating circulating alkaline solution.

[0015] Optionally, establishing the operation control model for designated components in the wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0016] Establish an operation control model for the hydrogen electrolyzer in a wind power hydrogen production system, including:

[0017]

[0018] in, P represents the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; a 2,i a 1,i and a 0,i These are the fitting parameters for the power-hydrogen production rate curve of the i-th electrolyzer; x eh,i Is the i-th electrolytic cell operating in a thermodynamic state?

[0019] Establishing an operation control model for the batteries in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0020]

[0021] E b (k+1)=E b (k)-P b (k)△t;

[0022] Among them, B b(k) is the power loss of the battery at time k; R b It is the internal resistance of a single battery cell; s b It is the number of individual battery cells; V b It is the open-circuit voltage of a single battery cell; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; E b (k+1) is the remaining battery charge at time k+1; E b (k) is the remaining battery charge at time k; Δt is the prediction time interval for the state of each component;

[0023] Establishing an operation control model for hydrogen storage tanks in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, E t (k) represents the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period; E t (k+1) is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k+1 in the prediction period; E represents the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; hd (k) represents the amount of hydrogen required by the wind power hydrogen production system at time k in the prediction period;

[0026] Establishing an operation control model for the hydrogen compressor in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P c (k) Compressor power at time k; α c Compressor hydrogen flow rate - power coefficient; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k.

[0029] Optionally, establishing the operating constraints of the set component based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer includes:

[0030] Based on the current temperature and the state of the electrolyzer, establish the operating constraints of the electrolyzer at the predicted time.

[0031] Establish constraints on battery operation at the predicted time.

[0032] Establish the state constraints for the hydrogen storage tank.

[0033] Optional,

[0034] The operating constraints of the electrolytic cell include:

[0035]

[0036] P st,i (k)=f t,i (T a ,T e,i );

[0037]

[0038] in, This represents the minimum power lower limit for the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. P represents the minimum power constraint under the thermodynamic state of the i-th electrolytic cell; st,i (k) is the combination of temperature (T) of the hydrogen production control system of the i-th electrolyzer at time k. a ,T e,i The electrical power used when heating the circulating alkaline solution; T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k. e,i It is the circulating alkali temperature of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k; This represents the minimum power limit of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. The maximum power constraint under the thermodynamic state of the i-th electrolytic cell; x ec,i When x = 1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state, x ec , i When x = 0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a cold state; ew,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. ew,i When x = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state; eh,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. eh,i When P = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot-engine state; e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0039] The constraints on battery operation include:

[0040]

[0041] in, This is the lower limit of the battery's operating power. This represents the upper limit of the battery's operating power; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; This represents the lower limit of the battery's storage capacity. This refers to the maximum capacity that the battery can store; E b (k) represents the remaining battery charge at time k;

[0042] The state constraints of the hydrogen storage tank include:

[0043]

[0044] in, This is the lower limit of hydrogen storage capacity for hydrogen storage tanks; This refers to the upper limit of hydrogen storage capacity in the hydrogen storage tank; E t (k) is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period.

[0045] Optionally, before establishing the hydrogen production revenue model of the wind power hydrogen production system based on the start-up time characteristics, the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints, the method further includes:

[0046] Obtain the predicted maximum power of the wind turbine at at least one prediction time within the prediction period;

[0047] The step of establishing the hydrogen production revenue model of the wind power hydrogen production system based on the start-up time characteristics, the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints includes:

[0048] Determine the hydrogen production revenue expression of the wind power hydrogen production system at at least one prediction time in the prediction period;

[0049] Based on the predicted maximum power of the wind turbine, the start-up time characteristics and the start-up power characteristics model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints, determine the hydrogen production revenue constraints corresponding to the hydrogen production revenue expression;

[0050] The hydrogen production revenue expression and the corresponding hydrogen production revenue constraints are defined as the hydrogen production revenue model.

[0051] Optionally, obtaining the predicted maximum power of the wind turbine at at least one prediction moment in the prediction period includes:

[0052] Obtain the historical curve of the maximum active power generation of each wind turbine over a period of time;

[0053] Based on the historical curve of maximum active power generation, the maximum active power of each wind turbine at each prediction time is predicted.

[0054] Optionally, based on the operation control model and the operation constraints, a hydrogen production revenue model for the wind power-to-hydrogen system is established, including:

[0055] The hydrogen production revenue expression for the wind power hydrogen production system is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, J * For the wind power-to-hydrogen system revenue; t0 is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals within the prediction period; Δt is the prediction interval; αe Electricity sales price; α h The price of hydrogen; P g (k) represents the grid-connected power generation of the wind power hydrogen production system at time k; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0058] The hydrogen production revenue constraints include the predicted maximum power of the wind turbine, the start-up time characteristics and the start-up power characteristics model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints.

[0059] The hydrogen production revenue constraints also include:

[0060]

[0061] x ec,i +x ew,i +x eh,i =1; x ec,i ∈{0,1};x ew,i ∈{0,1};x eh,i ∈{0,1};

[0062] t st,i (k)=f st,i (k,T a ,T e,i )

[0063]

[0064] δ st,i (k)=x ec,i (k-1)-x ec,i (k);

[0065] Where, η bc It refers to the charging efficiency of the battery; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; B b (k) represents the power loss of the battery at time k; P wt,n (k) represents the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k; n is the turbine number; P c (k) is the compressor power; P e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; P wt,n (k) is the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; δ is the maximum active power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; st,i (k)∈{0,1}, when δ st,i When (k) = 0, it indicates that the electrolytic cell is in a cold state at time k; when δ st,iWhen (k) = 1, it indicates that the electrolytic cell begins to exit the cooling state at time k; t st,i (k) is in the temperature combination (T) a ,T e,i The startup time required for the electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production from time k; T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k; e,i x is the circulating alkali solution temperature of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k; ec,i When x = 1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state, x ec,i When x = 0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a cold state; ew,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. ew,i When x = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state; eh,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. eh,i When =0, it means that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot engine state.

[0066] Optionally, the step of solving for the instruction corresponding to the controlled component under the maximum hydrogen production revenue based on the hydrogen production revenue model includes:

[0067] The expression of the hydrogen production revenue model is transformed using the convex relaxation algorithm to obtain a mixed integer convex programming expression.

[0068] The convex programming expression includes:

[0069] Among them, J * For the wind power-to-hydrogen system revenue; t0 is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals within the prediction period; Δt is the prediction interval; α e Electricity sales price; α h The price of hydrogen; P g (k) represents the grid-connected power generation of the wind power hydrogen production system at time k; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0070] The constraints of the convex programming problem also include:

[0071]

[0072] Where, η bc It refers to the charging efficiency of the battery; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; B b (k) represents the power loss of the battery at time k; P wt,n (k) represents the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k; n is the turbine number; P c (k) is the compressor power; Pe,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0073] The step of solving for the instruction corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue based on the hydrogen production revenue model, and sending the instruction at the first prediction time in the prediction period to the controlled component, includes:

[0074] Solve the convex programming problem according to the constraints of the convex programming problem to obtain the instruction for the first predicted moment of the component to be controlled, and send it to the component to be controlled; wherein, the instruction for the first predicted moment of the component to be controlled includes: the power and start / stop status instruction of the electrolytic cell and / or the power value of the battery and / or the power value of the fan and / or the power value of the compressor.

[0075] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control device for a wind power hydrogen production system is provided, the device comprising:

[0076] The component model building module establishes start-up time and start-up power characteristics models of a hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature; and establishes operation control models of the hydrogen electrolyzer, battery, hydrogen compressor and hydrogen storage tank in the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0077] The sampling module is used to collect the current ambient temperature and the status of the hydrogen electrolyzer;

[0078] The constraint establishment module is used to establish the operating constraints of the set component at at least one prediction time within the prediction period based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen electrolyzer.

[0079] The hydrogen production revenue model establishment module is used to establish the hydrogen production revenue model of the wind power hydrogen production system based on the start-up time characteristics and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model and the operation constraints.

[0080] The instruction control acquisition module calculates the instructions corresponding to the hydrogen electrolyzer, the battery, and the hydrogen compressor at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time based on the hydrogen production revenue model, and controls the operation of the components to be controlled based on the instructions corresponding to the predicted time.

[0081] This invention provides a control method and device for a wind power hydrogen production system, comprising: constructing an electrolyzer start-up time and start-up power characteristic model, setting a component operation control model, and establishing a hydrogen production benefit model based on ambient temperature and electrolyzer state within a predicted period. This model is used to solve for the control command corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production benefit at the predicted time, and to control the operation of the components accordingly. The control method provided by this invention establishes the start-up time and start-up power characteristic models based on different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and establishes the operation constraints based on ambient temperature and electrolyzer state, fully considering the influence of temperature on hydrogen production by the electrolyzer. Based on this, the control commands for the components to be controlled in the wind power hydrogen production system are obtained according to the set component operation control model and constraints, improving scheduling accuracy.

[0082] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0083] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0084] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of another control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 5 This is a control device for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0089] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0090] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0091] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0092] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, in the wind power hydrogen production system, the electricity generated by wind farm 01 is used for hydrogen production within the system. The wind power hydrogen production system includes: a first AC / DC converter 02, a second AC / DC converter 03, a battery 04, an electrolyzer array 05, a compressor 06, and a hydrogen storage tank 07. The wind farm 01 includes at least a plurality of wind turbines; the electrolyzer array 05 includes at least a plurality of hydrogen-producing electrolyzers.

[0093] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the control methods for wind power hydrogen production systems include:

[0094] S101, establish a model of the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature.

[0095] Specifically, in step S101, a start-up time characteristic and start-up power characteristic model is established. This model can describe the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of the hydrogen production electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature. The start-up time characteristic refers to the time required for the electrolyzer to reach a stable hydrogen production state from the start-up, while the start-up power characteristic refers to the power change required during this process.

[0096] The start-up time and power characteristics model considers the effects of different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature. In a hydrogen electrolyzer, changes in the ambient temperature directly affect the internal thermal balance. At high temperatures, the electrolyzer may overheat, leading to rapid electrolyte evaporation and accelerated electrode corrosion, thus affecting the electrolyzer's stability and efficiency. At low temperatures, the electrolyte may solidify or increase in viscosity, resulting in reduced current transfer efficiency and prolonged start-up time. The temperature of the circulating alkali solution in the hydrogen electrolyzer directly affects the rate and efficiency of the electrolysis reaction. Higher temperatures result in greater ionic activity in the electrolyte and a faster electrolysis reaction rate. Establishing a start-up time and power characteristics model that considers the combination of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature for controlling wind power hydrogen production systems facilitates corresponding hydrogen production control at different temperatures, avoiding temperature-induced inefficiencies in hydrogen production.

[0097] S102, Establish the operation control model of the specified components in the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0098] The components include: a hydrogen electrolyzer, a battery, a hydrogen compressor, and a hydrogen storage tank.

[0099] Specifically, in step S102, an operation control model is established for the hydrogen electrolyzer, battery, hydrogen compressor, and hydrogen storage tank in the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0100] Specifically, the establishment of the operation control model for the hydrogen electrolyzer is based on the hydrogen production rate, hydrogen production power, and whether the electrolyzer is operating in a heat engine state at a certain moment. The hydrogen production rate represents the amount of hydrogen the electrolyzer can produce per unit time. When establishing the operation control model, the variation in the hydrogen production rate needs to be considered. The hydrogen production power refers to the electrical energy consumed by the electrolyzer during the hydrogen production process. Based on the established hydrogen production rate model, the hydrogen production rate of the hydrogen electrolyzer is adjusted to achieve command control of the electrolyzer. For the battery operation control model, the model is established using the battery's power loss, individual cell internal resistance, number of cells, individual cell open-circuit voltage, total battery power, and remaining battery capacity. After the model is established, the adjustment command for the battery's total power is obtained. The power loss reflects the energy loss caused by factors such as internal resistance and chemical reactions during charging and discharging. Considering the power loss during model establishment helps to more accurately predict the actual output power and efficiency of the battery. The internal resistance of a single cell determines the heat generation and efficiency of the battery during charging and discharging. The battery open-circuit voltage is the voltage value when the external circuit is disconnected; by monitoring changes in the open-circuit voltage, the charging / discharging state and remaining charge of the battery can be determined. The total battery power is the maximum output power of the battery. The hydrogen compressor operation control model is established using compressor power, compressor hydrogen flow rate-power coefficient, and the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer. After the model is established, adjustment commands for the hydrogen compressor power are obtained. The hydrogen storage tank operation control model is established based on the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer and the total amount of hydrogen stored in the storage tank.

[0101] S103, based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen electrolyzer, establish operating constraints for the components at at least one predicted moment within the prediction cycle.

[0102] Specifically, when establishing operational constraints, the current temperature and the state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer need to be considered. The current temperature includes the ambient temperature of the electrolyzer at the current moment and the temperature of the circulating alkali solution in the electrolyzer. The state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer includes its current operating state, including determining whether it is operating in a hot-start state, a start-up state, or a cold-start state.

[0103] Specifically, the operating constraints for the electrolyzer are established based on the current state of the electrolyzer, the electrical power of the electrolyzer's hydrogen production control system when heating the circulating alkaline solution at a certain moment and temperature, and the maximum and minimum power constraints of the electrolyzer at a certain moment.

[0104] The constraints for battery operation are established by constraining the total power of the battery at a certain moment based on the lower and upper limits of the battery's operating power; at the same time, the upper and lower limits of the battery's stored capacity are considered to constrain the remaining capacity of the battery.

[0105] The constraints on the hydrogen storage tank are established based on the upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage capacity to limit the total amount of hydrogen that can be stored in the tank.

[0106] S104. Based on the start-up time characteristics and start-up power characteristics model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints, a hydrogen production revenue model for the wind power hydrogen production system is established.

[0107] When establishing a hydrogen production revenue model for a wind power-to-hydrogen system, a revenue expression for the system is derived based on electricity and hydrogen sales prices. According to economic principles, the model should select the option that maximizes the hydrogen production revenue.

[0108] S105: Solve the command corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time according to the hydrogen production revenue model, and control the operation of the controlled component according to the command corresponding to the predicted time.

[0109] The components to be controlled include a hydrogen electrolyzer, a battery, and a hydrogen compressor. Optionally, a convex relaxation transformation is performed on the hydrogen production revenue model to obtain a mixed-integer convex programming expression. The convex programming problem is solved to obtain the instruction for the first predicted time step of the component to be controlled, and then sent to the component.

[0110] Optionally, based on the sampling information at the current moment and the maximum active power of each wind turbine predicted in the prediction period, the commands for all prediction moments in the prediction period are calculated, and the command for the first prediction moment is sent to the controlled component to achieve global predictive control. Simultaneously, after the command for the first prediction moment is sent to the controlled component, the next prediction moment is used as the starting point of the second prediction period for global prediction within the second prediction period, and the predictive control command for the starting point of the second prediction period is sent to the controlled component to achieve rolling predictive control.

[0111] This invention provides a control method for a wind power-to-hydrogen system, comprising: constructing an electrolyzer start-up time and start-up power characteristic model, setting a component operation control model, and establishing a hydrogen production benefit model based on ambient temperature and electrolyzer state within a predicted period. This model is used to solve for the control command corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production benefit at the predicted time, and to control the operation of the components accordingly. The control method provided by this invention establishes the start-up time and start-up power characteristic models based on different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature for the hydrogen production electrolyzer, and establishes the operation constraints based on ambient temperature and electrolyzer state, fully considering the influence of temperature on hydrogen production by the electrolyzer. Based on this, the control commands for the components to be controlled in the wind power-to-hydrogen system are obtained according to the set component operation control model and constraints in the system, improving scheduling accuracy.

[0112] Continue to refer to Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, in step S101, a model is established to demonstrate the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature to achieve stable hydrogen production. This includes:

[0113] Startup time characteristic expressions include: t st,i (k)=f st,i (k,T a ,T e,i );

[0114] The starting power characteristic model expression includes: P st,i (k)=f t,i (k,T a ,T e,i );

[0115] Among them, T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k. e,i t is the temperature of the circulating alkali solution in the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. st,i In temperature combination (T) a ,T e,i The startup time required for the electrolyzer to stably produce hydrogen from time k is given by P. st,i It is the combination of temperature (T) of the hydrogen production control system of the i-th electrolyzer at time k. a ,T e,i The electrical power used when heating circulating alkaline solution.

[0116] Specifically, the start-up time characteristic expression represents the start-up time required from time k until the electrolyzer can stably produce hydrogen, based on the ambient temperature of the electrolyzer and the circulating alkali temperature of the i-th electrolyzer. The start-up power characteristic model expression represents the electrical power of the hydrogen production control system of the i-th electrolyzer when heating the circulating alkali, based on the ambient temperature of the electrolyzer and the circulating alkali temperature of the i-th electrolyzer, at time k.

[0117] Using the two expressions above, models can be established for the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature. Based on these models, the control strategy for wind power hydrogen production systems can be further optimized.

[0118] Based on changes in ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature, the start-up time and heating power of the electrolyzer are obtained. These start-up time and power characteristics are incorporated into the control command acquisition method for the wind power-to-hydrogen system, comprehensively considering how to quickly and efficiently start the electrolyzer and achieve a stable hydrogen production state under different conditions. By precisely controlling the start-up process of the electrolyzer, energy consumption and time costs during start-up can be reduced, thereby improving the energy efficiency and economic benefits of the entire wind power-to-hydrogen system.

[0119] Continue to refer to Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, in step S102, an operation control model for a specific component in the wind power hydrogen production system is established, including:

[0120] Establish an operation control model for the hydrogen electrolyzer in a wind power hydrogen production system:

[0121]

[0122] in, P represents the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; a 2,i a 1,i and a 0,i These are the fitting parameters for the power-hydrogen production rate curve of the i-th electrolyzer; x eh,i It indicates whether the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine mode.

[0123] In step S102, an operation control model for the hydrogen electrolyzer in the wind power hydrogen production system is established, defining the relationship between the hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer under different operating conditions.

[0124] Specifically, in the operation control model of the hydrogen electrolyzer in the aforementioned wind power-to-hydrogen system, the relationship between the hydrogen production rate and the hydrogen production power of the electrolyzer is described in quadratic function form, taking into account the operating state of the electrolyzer. When the electrolyzer is in operating state, x...eh,i =1, the hydrogen production rate has a quadratic function relationship with the hydrogen production power; when the electrolyzer is not in operation, x eh,i ≠1, hydrogen production rate is 0. This model can be used for the optimized operation control of wind power hydrogen production systems. By obtaining the current hydrogen production power and start / stop status commands of the electrolyzer, the system can be optimized.

[0125] Establishing an operation control model for the batteries in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0126]

[0127] E b (k+1)=E b (k)-P b (k)△t;

[0128] Among them, B b (k) is the power loss of the battery at time k; R b It is the internal resistance of a single battery cell; s b It is the number of individual battery cells; V b It is the open-circuit voltage of a single battery cell; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; E b (k+1) is the remaining battery charge at time k+1; E b (k) is the remaining battery charge at time k; Δt is the prediction time interval for the state of each component;

[0129] In step S102, establishing a battery operation control model can enable accurate description and prediction of the battery charging and discharging process, thereby optimizing the system's energy distribution and scheduling, and improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0130] Specifically, in the battery operation control model, by establishing a total power model, the energy flow of the battery under different operating conditions can be accurately described.

[0131] By acquiring the power loss of the battery under different operating conditions, charging and discharging strategies can be optimized to reduce unnecessary energy loss and thus improve the overall system's energy conversion efficiency. Acquiring the battery's remaining charge at any given moment helps avoid overcharging or over-discharging, improving battery life and performance. The battery's charging and discharging strategies directly affect its lifespan and efficiency. By establishing a total power model, these strategies can be optimized to minimize energy loss and extend battery life. Electrical output fluctuates, and the battery needs to provide stable energy output under such fluctuations. By establishing a total power model, changes in wind power output can be responded to in real time, and the battery's energy state at future moments can be predicted, thus ensuring stable system operation. The battery's total power model helps ensure system voltage and frequency stability. When wind power output fluctuates, the battery can adjust its total power to balance system supply and demand, thereby avoiding voltage fluctuations.

[0132] Establishing an operation control model for hydrogen storage tanks in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0133]

[0134] Among them, E t (k) represents the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period; E t (k+1) is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k+1 in the prediction period; E represents the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; hd (k) represents the amount of hydrogen required by the wind power hydrogen production system at time k in the prediction period;

[0135] In step S102, an operation control model for the hydrogen storage tank is established to effectively manage and optimize the scheduling of hydrogen in the wind power hydrogen production system. Through the operation control model, the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank at different points in time is predicted and adjusted to ensure that the system can flexibly adjust according to the fluctuations in wind power production and the variability in hydrogen demand, thereby achieving a balance between hydrogen supply and demand and system optimization.

[0136] Specifically, establishing models for the total hydrogen storage at time k and time k+1 is for temporal prediction and control. In wind power-to-hydrogen systems, due to the intermittent and uncertain nature of wind power production, hydrogen production varies over time. Simultaneously, hydrogen demand may also fluctuate due to external factors. By establishing models for the total hydrogen storage at time k and time k+1, changes in hydrogen storage over a future period can be predicted, allowing for advance scheduling decisions. Where E... t (k) and E t (k+1) represents the total amount of hydrogen stored at time k and time k+1, respectively, and is used to represent the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at different time points. E represents the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer, reflecting the production capacity of the wind power hydrogen production system. hd (k) represents the hydrogen demand at time k. These parameters together determine the change in hydrogen storage capacity in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0137] Establishing an operation control model for the hydrogen compressor in a wind power hydrogen production system includes:

[0138]

[0139] Among them, P c (k) Compressor power at time k; α c Compressor hydrogen flow rate - power coefficient; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k.

[0140] In step S102, establishing the operation control model of the hydrogen compressor is to achieve effective management and optimization of the hydrogen compression stage in the wind power hydrogen production system. Through the operation control model, the power demand of the hydrogen compressor at different time points can be predicted and adjusted, ensuring that the system can flexibly adjust according to the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer, thereby achieving effective hydrogen compression and optimized system operation.

[0141] In step S102, by establishing an operation control model for the hydrogen compressor, the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer can be determined. and compressor hydrogen flow rate - power coefficient α c Calculate the compressor power at time k. The compressor power P at time k. c (k) represents the compressor power command. Optionally, obtaining the compressor power control command in real time at time k in subsequent steps ensures that the hydrogen compressor can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual needs of the system, thereby achieving effective hydrogen compression and energy saving. This helps improve the efficiency and stability of the entire wind power hydrogen production system.

[0142] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of another control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 The control methods for the wind power-to-hydrogen system shown include:

[0143] S201, establish a model of the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature.

[0144] S202, Establish an operational control model for designated components in a wind power-to-hydrogen system.

[0145] S203, Based on the current temperature and the state of the electrolyzer, establish the operating constraints of the electrolyzer at the predicted time.

[0146]

[0147] P st,i (k)=f t,i (T a ,T e,i );

[0148]

[0149] in, This represents the minimum power lower limit for the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. P represents the minimum power constraint under the thermodynamic state of the i-th electrolytic cell; st,i (k) is the combination of temperature (T) of the hydrogen production control system of the i-th electrolyzer at time k. a ,T e,i The electrical power used when heating the circulating alkaline solution; T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k. e,i yes k Temperature of the circulating alkali solution in the i-th electrolytic cell at time i; This represents the minimum power limit of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. The maximum power constraint under the thermodynamic state of the i-th electrolytic cell; x ec,i When x = 1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state, x ec,i When x = 0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a cold state; ew,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. ew,i When x = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state; eh,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. eh,i When P = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot-engine state; e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k.

[0150] After the operation control model of the electrolyzer has been established in step S202, the operation constraints of the electrolyzer are established in step S203 to ensure that the electrolyzer can operate safely and efficiently in actual operation, while meeting specific hydrogen production requirements.

[0151] Specifically, the minimum and maximum power constraints of the i-th electrolyzer under thermodynamic conditions ensure that the electrolyzer does not exceed its design capacity during normal operation. Setting minimum and maximum power constraints prevents the electrolyzer from operating under extreme conditions, thus avoiding damage or safety accidents. The calculation of the electrical power of the i-th electrolyzer's hydrogen production control system when heating the circulating alkali solution at time k and temperature combination considers both ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature. This helps optimize the heating efficiency of the electrolyzer based on current conditions, thereby improving hydrogen production efficiency. (The last part, "x," appears to be an incomplete sentence or fragment and is left untranslated.)ec,i x ew,i and x eh,i These three variables can dynamically adjust the power constraints of the electrolyzer according to its current operating state, thereby ensuring that it can operate efficiently under different conditions.

[0152] S204, establish the constraints for battery operation at the predicted time.

[0153]

[0154] in, This is the lower limit of the battery's operating power. This represents the upper limit of the battery's operating power; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; This represents the lower limit of the battery's storage capacity. This refers to the maximum capacity that the battery can store; E b (k) represents the remaining battery charge at time k.

[0155] Step S204 establishes constraints for battery operation to ensure safe and reliable operation during actual use, while optimizing its performance and lifespan. Setting upper and lower power limits prevents overcharging or over-discharging, thereby extending its lifespan and maintaining stable performance. Setting upper and lower limits for battery capacity prevents safety issues caused by abnormal battery charge levels, such as thermal runaway, fire, or explosion.

[0156] By managing the remaining charge of the battery, it is ensured that it always operates within a safe storage capacity range, while its charging and discharging strategies are optimized to improve energy efficiency and system reliability. Specifically, at any given time k, the total power of the battery must meet constraints to ensure that the battery does not exceed its design capacity during charging and discharging, thereby protecting the battery from damage. Constraining the remaining battery charge also ensures that the battery always operates within a safe storage capacity range, preventing performance degradation or safety issues caused by excessively low or high charge levels.

[0157] S205, Establish the constraints for the operation of the hydrogen storage tank at the predicted time.

[0158]

[0159] in, This is the lower limit of hydrogen storage capacity for hydrogen storage tanks; This refers to the upper limit of hydrogen storage capacity in the hydrogen storage tank; E t (k) is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period.

[0160] In step S205, constraints are established for the operation of the hydrogen storage tank to ensure that the hydrogen storage tank can operate safely and effectively during actual operation, so as to maintain the stability of the system and extend the service life of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0161] The upper and lower limits for hydrogen storage in a hydrogen storage tank indicate the amount of hydrogen the tank should maintain at any given time. Setting this parameter helps prevent system instability or safety issues caused by excessively low or high hydrogen levels. By managing the hydrogen level in the storage tank, the overall performance of the hydrogen energy system can be optimized, ensuring that the system can provide sufficient hydrogen when needed and safely store excess hydrogen when not needed. This ensures that the storage tank will never be unable to meet system requirements due to insufficient hydrogen levels, nor will it face safety risks due to excessive hydrogen levels.

[0162] S206. Based on the start-up time characteristics and start-up power characteristics model, the operation control model, and the operation constraints, a hydrogen production revenue model for the wind power hydrogen production system is established.

[0163] S207: Solve the command corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time according to the hydrogen production revenue model, and control the operation of the controlled component according to the command corresponding to the predicted time.

[0164] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of another control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 The control methods for the wind power-to-hydrogen system shown include:

[0165] S301, establish a model of the start-up time and start-up power characteristics of a hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature.

[0166] S302, Establish an operational control model for designated components in a wind power hydrogen production system.

[0167] S303, based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen electrolyzer, establishes operating constraints for the components at at least one predicted moment within the prediction cycle.

[0168] S304 retrieves the historical curves of the maximum active power generation of each wind turbine over a period of time.

[0169] In step S304, the historical curves of the maximum active power generation of each wind turbine over a certain period of time are obtained. The maximum active power refers to the maximum power that a wind turbine can output under specific conditions. In actual operation, the actual power generation of a wind turbine will constantly change due to the influence of various factors such as wind speed, wind direction, and temperature. The maximum active power generation, however, represents the power generation capacity of the wind turbine under ideal conditions.

[0170] The trend of the historical curve of maximum active power generation is used to facilitate the prediction of maximum active power at each prediction time in the future prediction period in subsequent steps.

[0171] S305 predicts the maximum active power of each wind turbine at each prediction time based on the historical curve of maximum active power generation.

[0172] Based on the historical curve change trend obtained in step S304, the maximum active power at each prediction moment in the prediction period is obtained in step S305.

[0173] Optionally, the obtained maximum active power can be used to determine the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k in future time intervals.

[0174] S306, Determine the hydrogen production revenue expression of the wind power hydrogen production system at at least one prediction time in the prediction period.

[0175] The benefit expression for a wind power-to-hydrogen system is:

[0176] Among them, J * For the wind power-to-hydrogen system revenue; t0 is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals within the prediction period; Δt is the prediction interval; α e Electricity sales price; α h The price of hydrogen; P g (k) represents the grid-connected power generation of the wind power hydrogen production system at time k; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k.

[0177] In S306, the purpose of establishing the hydrogen production revenue expression is to quantify the economic benefits of wind power-to-hydrogen systems within a specific forecast period.

[0178] The prices of electricity and hydrogen determine the economic returns of a wind-powered hydrogen production system. Electricity prices reflect the value of the electricity market, while hydrogen prices reflect the value of the hydrogen energy market. These two parameters are used to calculate the revenue of the wind-powered hydrogen production system in both the electricity and hydrogen energy markets. The grid-connected power generation capacity of the wind-powered hydrogen production system reflects its output capacity in the electricity market. A higher grid-connected power generation capacity means the system can supply more electricity to the grid, thus generating more revenue from electricity sales. The hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer reflects the output capacity of the wind-powered hydrogen production system in the hydrogen energy market. A higher hydrogen production rate means the system can produce more hydrogen, thus generating more revenue from hydrogen sales.

[0179] When establishing the hydrogen production revenue expression, all predicted moments within the prediction period are summed to calculate the total revenue for the entire prediction period. The grid-connected power generation of the wind power-to-hydrogen system and the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer are both time-varying quantities. Within the prediction period, the hydrogen production revenue is constrained by the power generation and the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer to achieve global optimization of the wind power-to-hydrogen control system within the prediction period. The operation and scheduling of the wind power-to-hydrogen system includes when to start or stop the system and how to adjust the hydrogen production rate of the electrolyzer. The selection of these control commands needs to be based on revenue prediction and evaluation. Selecting the maximum hydrogen production revenue in the revenue expression ensures that the formulated operating strategy has the highest revenue among all possible strategies, thereby achieving the goal of economic optimization.

[0180] Meanwhile, the wind power hydrogen production control commands are globally predicted within the prediction period, meaning that control commands are obtained based on predicted parameters for a future period. In step S306, the calculation of wind power hydrogen production revenue is also a summation over each time point in the prediction period. The control command obtained at the first time point of the prediction period can guarantee maximum hydrogen production revenue for a future period, which helps reduce large adjustments to the command control in the future and improves the stability of the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0181] S307. Based on the wind turbine's predicted maximum power, start-up time characteristics and start-up power characteristic model, operation control model and operation constraints, determine the hydrogen production revenue constraints corresponding to the hydrogen production revenue expression.

[0182] In step S307, the component operation control model, operation constraints, wind turbine predicted maximum power, and start-up time and start-up power characteristic model established in the above steps are used as hydrogen production revenue constraints.

[0183] The predicted maximum power output of wind turbines limits the utilization of maximum wind energy resources by the wind-to-hydrogen system, thus affecting the system's power generation and hydrogen production rate. Start-up time and power characteristic models reflect the characteristics of the wind-to-hydrogen system during startup, including the variation patterns of startup time and power output. Constraints include the system's operating strategy, control parameters, and physical limitations, which collectively determine the system's output capacity and operating state at a specific moment. This facilitates the acquisition of control commands in subsequent steps.

[0184] The constraints on hydrogen production revenue also include:

[0185]

[0186] x ec,i +x ew,i +x eh,i =1; x ec,i ∈{0,1};xew,i ∈{0,1};x eh,i ∈{0,1};

[0187] t st,i (k)=f st,i (k,T a ,T e,i )

[0188]

[0189] δ st,i (k)=x ec,i (k-1)-x ec,i (k);

[0190] Where, η bc It refers to the charging efficiency of the battery; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; B b (k) represents the power loss of the battery at time k; P wt,n (k) represents the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k; n is the turbine number; P c (k) is the compressor power; P e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; P wt,n (k) is the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; δ is the maximum active power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; st,i (k)∈{0,1}, when δ st,i When (k) = 0, it indicates that the electrolytic cell is in a cold state at time k; when δ st,i When (k) = 1, it indicates that the electrolytic cell begins to exit the cooling state at time k; t st,i (k) is in the temperature combination (T) a ,T e,i The startup time required for the electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production from time k; T a T is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k; e,i x is the circulating alkali solution temperature of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k; ec,i When x = 1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state, x ec,i When x = 0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a cold state; ew , i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. ew,i When x = 0, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state; eh,i When x = 1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. eh,i When =0, it means that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot engine state.

[0191] After establishing the hydrogen production revenue model, in step S308, constraints are established for the hydrogen production revenue model. The constraints cover multiple aspects of the wind power hydrogen production system, including the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, the operating power of the wind turbine, and the working status of the electrolyzer. These conditions together constitute the boundary conditions for system operation, ensuring the optimal operation of the system under specific conditions. At the same time, based on the control command corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production revenue, global optimization control of the wind power hydrogen production system is also realized.

[0192] For component operation control models, operation constraints, wind turbine predicted maximum power, and start-up time and start-up power characteristic models, the focus is mainly on the characteristics of individual components or processes.

[0193] Meanwhile, other constraints on the wind power-to-hydrogen revenue model also need to constrain the overall coordination, stability, and economy of the system operation. Specifically, constraints on battery charging and discharging efficiency ensure that batteries can efficiently utilize electrical energy during charging and discharging, avoiding energy loss, reducing energy consumption and costs, and increasing hydrogen production revenue. Constraints on wind turbine operating power limit the operating power of wind turbines within a reasonable range to avoid excessive wear or damage, while ensuring full utilization of wind energy. This ensures stable operation of the wind power-to-hydrogen system under various operating conditions, avoiding malfunctions or accidents. Constraints on electrolyzer operating status ensure stable operation of the electrolyzer under different states (cold start, startup, hot start), avoiding increased energy consumption and equipment damage caused by frequent start-ups and shutdowns. Constraints on startup time and startup power characteristics allow for reasonable scheduling of the startup process based on the startup time and startup power characteristics of the electrolyzer, ensuring that the system can quickly and stably enter the hydrogen production state.

[0194] S308 defines the hydrogen production revenue expression and the corresponding hydrogen production revenue constraints as the hydrogen production revenue model.

[0195] S309: Based on the hydrogen production revenue model, calculate the command corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time, and control the operation of the controlled component according to the command corresponding to the predicted time.

[0196] Among them, the expression of the hydrogen production revenue model is transformed using the convex relaxation algorithm to obtain the mixed integer convex programming expression;

[0197] Convex programming expressions include:

[0198]

[0199] Among them, J * For the wind power-to-hydrogen system revenue; t0 is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals within the prediction period; Δt is the prediction interval; α e Electricity sales price; αh The price of hydrogen; P g (k) represents the grid-connected power generation of the wind power hydrogen production system at time k; Let be the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0200] The constraints of convex programming problems also include:

[0201]

[0202] Where, η bc It refers to the charging efficiency of the battery; P b (k) is the total power of the battery at time k; B b (k) represents the power loss of the battery at time k; P wt,n (k) represents the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k; n is the turbine number; P c (k) is the compressor power; P e,i (k) represents the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k;

[0203] The hydrogen production revenue model expression is transformed using a convex relaxation algorithm to obtain a mixed-integer convex programming expression. The hydrogen production revenue model contains various complex constraints, such as battery charging and discharging efficiency, wind turbine operating power limits, and electrolyzer hydrogen production rate. Utilizing the mathematical properties of convex programming problems, these constraints can be easily handled, ensuring that the solution process meets all practical operational requirements.

[0204] The instructions corresponding to the controlled component at the maximum hydrogen production revenue are calculated based on the hydrogen production revenue model, and the instructions at the first prediction time in the prediction cycle are sent to the controlled component, including:

[0205] Solve the convex programming problem according to the constraints of the convex programming problem, obtain the instruction of the first predicted moment of the component to be controlled, and send it to the component to be controlled; wherein, the instruction of the first predicted moment of the component to be controlled includes: the power and start / stop status instruction of the electrolytic cell and / or the power value of the battery and / or the power value of the fan and / or the power value of the compressor.

[0206] At the current moment, the system first collects relevant sampling information and predicts instructions for all predicted moments in the future prediction cycle based on a convex programming problem. These instructions include the power and start / stop status instructions of the electrolyzer and / or the power values ​​of the battery and / or the fan and / or the compressor. These instructions can maximize the hydrogen production benefits of the entire system. Then, the system sends the instructions for the first predicted moment to the controlled components to execute the corresponding operations.

[0207] After the instruction at the first prediction time is executed, the system does not stop the prediction and control process. Instead, it uses the next prediction time as the starting point for a new prediction cycle. The system then collects the sampled information at the current time again and performs global optimization control based on this information. This process repeats continuously, forming a rolling prediction and control loop to adapt to changes in system state and environmental conditions.

[0208] The control method for the wind power-to-hydrogen system provided in this invention implements rolling predictive control and global predictive control. The advantage of rolling predictive control is that it continuously adjusts control commands based on the latest sampling information and prediction results, thereby more accurately tracking the actual state of the system and improving the real-time performance and accuracy of control. Meanwhile, global predictive control ensures that the system operates optimally throughout the entire prediction period, maximizing benefits or efficiency.

[0209] Figure 5 This is a control device for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, based on any of the above embodiments, the control device is used to execute the control method of the wind power hydrogen production system of any of the above embodiments of the present invention. The control device includes:

[0210] The component model building module 401 establishes a model of the start-up time characteristics and start-up power characteristics of the hydrogen electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkaline solution temperature; and establishes an operation control model of the hydrogen electrolyzer, battery, hydrogen compressor and hydrogen storage tank in the wind power hydrogen production system.

[0211] Sampling module 402 is used to collect the current ambient temperature and the status of the hydrogen electrolyzer;

[0212] The constraint establishment module 403 is used to establish operating constraints for the components at at least one prediction time within the prediction period based on the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen electrolyzer.

[0213] The hydrogen production revenue model establishment module 404 is used to establish a hydrogen production revenue model for the wind power hydrogen production system based on the start-up time characteristics and start-up power characteristics model, operation control model and operation constraints.

[0214] The instruction control acquisition module 405 calculates the instructions corresponding to the hydrogen electrolyzer, battery, and hydrogen compressor at the maximum hydrogen production revenue at the predicted time based on the hydrogen production revenue model, and controls the operation of the components to be controlled based on the instructions corresponding to the predicted time.

[0215] The control device for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in this embodiment can achieve the same technical effect as the control method for a wind power hydrogen production system provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the invention, and will not be described again here.

[0216] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a wind power hydrogen production system, characterized in that, The control method comprises: establishing a start-up time characteristic and a start-up power characteristic model of the hydrogen production electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature to achieve stable hydrogen production; establishing an operation control model of a set component in the wind power hydrogen production system; wherein the set component comprises the hydrogen production electrolyzer, a battery, a hydrogen compressor, and a hydrogen storage tank; establishing an operation constraint condition of the set component at at least one prediction time within a prediction period according to a current ambient temperature and a state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; establishing a hydrogen production benefit model of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraint condition; solving a maximum hydrogen production benefit at the prediction time corresponding to the to-be-controlled component according to the hydrogen production benefit model, and controlling the to-be-controlled component to operate according to the instruction corresponding to the prediction time; wherein the to-be-controlled component comprises the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the battery, and the hydrogen compressor; before the step of establishing the hydrogen production benefit model of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraint condition, further comprising: obtaining a maximum predicted power of a wind turbine at at least one prediction time within a prediction period; the step of establishing the hydrogen production benefit model of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraint condition comprises: determining a hydrogen production benefit expression of the wind power hydrogen production system at at least one prediction time within the prediction period; determining a hydrogen production benefit constraint condition corresponding to the hydrogen production benefit expression according to the maximum predicted power of the wind turbine, the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model, and the operation constraint condition; and determining the hydrogen production benefit expression and the corresponding hydrogen production benefit constraint condition as the hydrogen production benefit model.

2. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of establishing a start-up time characteristic and a start-up power characteristic model of the hydrogen production electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali solution temperature to achieve stable hydrogen production comprises: The start time characteristic expression includes: ; The start power characteristic model expression includes: ; in, yes The ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at all times. yes Time of the first Temperature of circulating alkali solution in each electrolytic cell In temperature combination From The time required for the electrolyzer to stably produce hydrogen is determined by the start-up time. It is the first The hydrogen production control system of an electrolyzer is in Time and temperature combination The electrical power used when heating the circulating alkaline solution.

3. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of establishing an operation control model of a set component in the wind power hydrogen production system comprises: The step of establishing an operation control model of the hydrogen production electrolyzer in the wind power hydrogen production system comprises: ； wherein, is the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at the k-th time instant; is the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at the k-th time instant; , and is the i-th electrolyzer's power-hydrogen production rate curve fitting parameter; is the i-th electrolyzer's power-hydrogen production rate curve fitting parameter; is whether the i-th electrolyzer is working in the heat engine mode. The step of establishing an operation control model of the battery in the wind power hydrogen production system comprises: ； ； wherein, is the loss power of the battery at time k; is the battery cell internal resistance; is the number of battery cells; is the battery cell open circuit voltage; is the total power of the battery at time k; is the remaining power of the battery at time k+1; is the remaining power of the battery at time k; is the prediction time interval for each component state; The step of establishing an operation control model of the hydrogen storage tank in the wind power hydrogen production system comprises: ； wherein, is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period; is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k+1 in the prediction period; is the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; is the demand for hydrogen of the wind power hydrogen production system at time k in the prediction period; The step of establishing an operation control model of the hydrogen compressor in the wind power hydrogen production system comprises: ； wherein, compressor power at time k; compressor hydrogen flow-power coefficient; is the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k.

4. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of establishing an operation constraint condition of the set component according to a current ambient temperature and a state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer comprises: establishing an operation constraint condition of the electrolyzer at the prediction time based on the current temperature and the state of the electrolyzer; establishing a constraint condition of the battery operation at the prediction time; establishing a state constraint condition of the hydrogen storage tank.

5. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 4, wherein the operation constraint condition of the electrolyzer comprises: ； ； ； ； in, This represents the minimum power lower limit for the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. This represents the minimum power constraint under the thermal state of the i-th electrolytic cell; It is the first The hydrogen production control system of an electrolyzer at time k and temperature combination The electrical power used when heating the circulating alkaline solution; yes The ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at all times. yes Time of the first Temperature of circulating alkaline solution in each electrolytic cell; This represents the minimum power limit of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k. The maximum power constraint under the thermal state of the i-th electrolytic cell; When =1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state. When =0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in the cold state; When =1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. When the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating. When =1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. When =0, it means that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot-engine state; Let be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; the constraint condition of the battery operation comprises: ； ； wherein, is a lower limit of the operating power of the battery; is an upper limit of the operating power of the battery; is the total power of the battery at time k; is a lower limit of the storage capacity of the battery, is an upper limit of the storage capacity of the battery; is the remaining capacity of the battery at time k; the state constraint condition of the hydrogen storage tank comprises: ； wherein, is the lower limit of hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage tank; is the upper limit of hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage tank; is the total amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank at time k in the prediction period.

6. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized by, the step of obtaining the maximum predicted power of the wind turbine at at least one prediction time within the prediction period comprises: Obtaining a maximum active power generation history curve of each wind turbine in a period of time; According to the maximum active power generation history curve, predicting the maximum active power of each wind turbine at each prediction time.

7. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized by, According to the operation control model and the operation constraint condition, a hydrogen production benefit model of the wind power hydrogen production system is established, including: The hydrogen production benefit expression of the wind power hydrogen production system is: ； wherein, is the benefit of the wind power to hydrogen system; is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals in the prediction period; is the prediction interval; is the electricity selling price; is the hydrogen selling price; is the grid-connected power of the wind power to hydrogen system at time k; is the hydrogen production rate of the i th electrolyzer at time k; The hydrogen production benefit constraint condition includes the wind turbine predicted maximum power, the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model and the operation constraint condition; The hydrogen production benefit constraint condition also includes: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, It refers to the charging efficiency of the battery; It is the total power of the battery at time k; It is the power loss of the battery at time k; It is the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k; It is the fan number; It refers to the compressor power; Let be the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; It is the operating power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; It is the maximum active power of the nth wind turbine at time k in the prediction period; ,when When, it indicates that the electrolytic cell is in a cold state at time k; when At time k, it indicates that the electrolytic cell begins to exit the cooling state. In temperature combination The startup time required for the electrolyzer to achieve stable hydrogen production from time k. It is the ambient temperature of the electrolytic cell at time k; It is the circulating alkali temperature of the i-th electrolytic cell at time k; When =1, the i-th electrolytic cell operates in a cold state. When =0, the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in the cold state; When =1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is in the start-up state. When the i-th electrolytic cell is not in the start-up state, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating. When =1, it indicates that the i-th electrolytic cell is operating in a heat engine state. When =0, it means that the i-th electrolytic cell is not operating in a hot engine state.

8. The control method of the wind power hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized by, The hydrogen production benefit model solving the maximum hydrogen production benefit corresponding to the to-be-controlled component includes: Using a convex relaxation algorithm, the expression of the hydrogen production benefit model is converted to obtain a mixed integer convex programming expression; The convex program expression includes: ; wherein, is the benefit of the wind power to hydrogen system; is the start time of the prediction period, K is the number of prediction intervals in the prediction period; is the prediction interval; is the electricity selling price; is the hydrogen selling price; is the grid-connected power of the wind power to hydrogen system at time k; is the hydrogen production rate of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; The constraint condition of the convex programming problem also includes: ； wherein, is the charging efficiency of the battery; is the total power of the battery at time k; is the loss power of the battery at time k; is the operating power of the n-th fan at time k; is the fan number; is the compressor power; is the hydrogen production power of the i-th electrolyzer at time k; The hydrogen production benefit model solving the maximum hydrogen production benefit corresponding to the to-be-controlled component and sending the instruction at the first prediction time in the prediction period to the to-be-controlled component includes: According to the constraint condition of the convex programming problem, the convex programming problem is solved to obtain the instruction of the to-be-controlled component at the first prediction time and send it to the to-be-controlled component; wherein the instruction of the to-be-controlled component at the first prediction time includes: power and start-stop state instruction of the electrolyzer and / or battery power value and / or wind turbine power value and / or compressor power value.

9. The control device of a wind power hydrogen production system, applied to the control method of the wind power hydrogen production system of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including: The component model establishment module establishes the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model of the hydrogen production electrolyzer under different combinations of ambient temperature and circulating alkali temperature to achieve stable hydrogen production, and establishes the operation control model of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the battery, the hydrogen compressor and the hydrogen storage tank in the wind power hydrogen production system; The sampling module is used to collect the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; The constraint condition establishment module is used to establish the operation constraint condition of the set component at at least one prediction time in the prediction period according to the current ambient temperature and the state of the hydrogen production electrolyzer; The hydrogen production benefit model establishment module is used to establish the hydrogen production benefit model of the wind power hydrogen production system according to the start-up time characteristic and the start-up power characteristic model, the operation control model and the operation constraint condition; The instruction control acquisition module solves the instruction of the hydrogen production electrolyzer, the battery and the hydrogen compressor corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production benefit at the prediction time according to the hydrogen production benefit model, and controls the operation of the to-be-controlled component according to the instruction corresponding to the prediction time.

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