Shielding optimization method of photovoltaic tracking support and inverse tracking system

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic tracking support shielding optimization method and an inverse tracking system, and the method comprises the steps: calculating a first height difference between a first photovoltaic tracking support and a second photovoltaic tracking support which are adjacent in the east direction according to a flat ground inverse tracking angle, the first height difference is the height difference between the projection of the first edge of the first photovoltaic tracking support on the vertical plane where the second edge of the second photovoltaic tracking support is located along the incident direction of sunlight and the first edge in the vertical direction; calculating a second height difference between the first edge and the second edge in the vertical direction according to the flat ground inverse tracking angle, the geographic information, the photovoltaic array information and the error condition of the plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets; wherein the error condition comprises a first difference angle of two adjacent photovoltaic tracking supports in the east direction and a second difference angle of a single photovoltaic tracking support in the south direction; and comparing the first height difference with the second height difference, and judging whether shielding exists between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the photovoltaic field, and in particular to a shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket and a reverse tracking system. Background Art

[0002] Current photovoltaic tracking brackets usually integrate astronomical algorithms and ground reverse tracking algorithms, that is, they track the position of the sun during the day and rotate from east to west, while avoiding mutual shading between adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets in the morning and evening. In most cases, due to uneven terrain and installation errors at the project site, there is a height difference between photovoltaic tracking brackets. If they are still rotated according to the ground reverse tracking angle, shadows will be blocked between the front and rear rows. When the photovoltaic module is partially blocked by the shadow, the power generation efficiency of the blocked part of the cell will be significantly reduced, or even unable to generate electricity, which will seriously affect the power generation efficiency of the entire photovoltaic system. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the impact of shadow blocking on the photovoltaic system is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of photovoltaic power generation technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic tracking bracket shielding optimization method that takes into account the height difference of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets in the east-west direction and the height difference of a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the north-south direction.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the shielding of a photovoltaic tracking bracket, wherein the photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction, and the method comprises: calculating the flat ground reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket according to geographic information and photovoltaic array information; calculating the first height difference between a first photovoltaic tracking bracket and a second photovoltaic tracking bracket adjacent to each other in the east direction according to the flat ground reverse tracking angle, wherein the first height difference is the height difference in the vertical direction between a projection of a first edge of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket on a vertical plane where a second edge of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket is located along the incident direction of sunlight and the first edge, wherein the first edge is higher than the second edge in the vertical direction; calculating the second height difference in the vertical direction between the first edge and the second edge according to the flat ground reverse tracking angle, geographic information, photovoltaic array information and error conditions of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets, wherein the error conditions include a first difference angle between two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets in the east direction and a second difference angle between a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the south direction; comparing the first height difference and the second height difference, and judging whether there is shielding between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, the geographic information includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle and the sunlight incident angle, and the photovoltaic array information includes the parameters of a plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining whether there is an obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket includes: when the second height difference is greater than the first height difference, there is an obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the best reverse tracking angle at this time is less than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground; when the second height difference is equal to the first height difference, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket does not just obstruct the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the best reverse tracking angle at this time is equal to the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground; when the second height difference is less than the first height difference, there is no obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the best reverse tracking angle at this time is greater than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket also includes: when the second height difference is greater than the first height difference, setting the photovoltaic tracking bracket to tilt at a first reverse tracking angle, the first reverse tracking angle being smaller than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground; replacing the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground with the first reverse tracking angle, repeating the steps of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket; when the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference, reducing the first reverse tracking angle until the second height difference is no greater than the first height difference, and using the first reverse tracking angle at this time as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket further includes: when the second height difference is less than the first height difference, calculating the difference ratio of the second height difference to the first height difference When the difference ratio satisfies a≥5%, the photovoltaic tracking bracket is set to tilt at a second reverse tracking angle, and the second reverse tracking angle is greater than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground; the steps of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket are repeated by replacing the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground with the second reverse tracking angle; when the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference and the difference ratio still satisfies a≥5%, the second reverse tracking angle is increased until the difference ratio satisfies 0≤a<5%, and the second reverse tracking angle at this time is used as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket further includes calculating the flat ground reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket according to the following formula: Among them, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, A is the sunlight incident angle, D is the axial distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket further includes calculating the first height difference according to the following formula: Among them, H1 is the first height difference, α is the solar altitude angle, γ is the solar azimuth angle, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, D is the axial distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket also includes calculating the second height difference according to the following formula: H2=d*sinB+(Dd*cosB)*tanP1+L*tanP2; wherein H2 is the second height difference, B is the reverse tracking angle on flat ground, D is the axial spacing between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction, P1 is the first difference angle, and P2 is the second difference angle.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first difference angle is the angle between the axis line of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction and the horizontal plane, and the second difference angle is the angle between the axis line of the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the south direction and the horizontal plane.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, among two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets, in the morning, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the east side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and in the afternoon, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the west side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0014] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a reverse tracking photovoltaic tracking bracket system with optimized shading, wherein the photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction, and the system is configured to execute the method as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the shading optimization method for the photovoltaic tracking bracket provided by the present invention not only takes into account the array height difference of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets in the east-west direction, but also additionally considers the possible height difference of a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the north-south direction. The optimization of the reverse tracking angle is more accurate and possible errors are eliminated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and they are included and constitute a part of the present application. The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present application and together with the present specification serve to explain the principles of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the photovoltaic array in the north-south direction on flat terrain.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the photovoltaic array in the north-south direction on uneven terrain.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial elevation view of a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east-west direction on uneven terrain.

[0021] Figure 5 Yes Figure 3 A top view of the photovoltaic array is shown.

[0022] Figure 6-7 It is a flow chart of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket under two different situations in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without creative work. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0024] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "an" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular and may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so that once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0027] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0028] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to define components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terms used in this application are selected from well-known and commonly used terms, some terms mentioned in the specification of this application may be selected by the applicant at his or her discretion, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant parts of the description of this article. In addition, it is required to understand this application not only by the actual terms used, but also by the meaning implied by each term.

[0029] Flowcharts are used in the present application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed accurately in order. On the contrary, various steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0030] In the prior art, the axial direction of the flat single-axis tracker is generally the north-south axis. The basic operating principle is to ensure that the photovoltaic modules are at right angles to the sunlight in the east-west direction. Due to the limitation of the tracking range, if the photovoltaic tracking bracket tracks the sun in real time, in the morning or evening when the solar altitude angle is small, the required tracking angle will generally exceed the tracking range, causing the photovoltaic tracking bracket to stay at a certain angle position, and then there will be shading between adjacent photovoltaic modules. The reverse tracking algorithm can solve this problem. In the morning and evening, the photovoltaic tracking bracket can rotate in the opposite direction so that the shadow of the front row of modules just does not cover the back row, achieving the goal of maximum incident angle and maximum power generation.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a photovoltaic tracking bracket shading optimization method of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method 10 for optimizing the shielding of a photovoltaic tracking bracket (hereinafter referred to as method 10), wherein the photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction. Method 10 includes the following steps:

[0032] S11: Calculate the flat ground reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket according to the geographic information and the photovoltaic array information;

[0033] S12: calculating a first height difference between a first photovoltaic tracking bracket and a second photovoltaic tracking bracket adjacent to each other in the east direction according to a flat ground reverse tracking angle;

[0034] S13: calculating a second height difference between the first edge and the second edge in the vertical direction according to the flat ground reverse tracking angle, geographic information, photovoltaic array information, and error conditions of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets;

[0035] S14: Compare the first height difference with the second height difference, and determine whether there is any obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front view of the photovoltaic array in the north-south direction on flat terrain. Figure 3 This is a front view of the photovoltaic array in the north-south direction under uneven terrain. Figure 4 This is a partial elevation view of a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east-west direction on uneven terrain. Figure 5 Yes Figure 3 The top view of the photovoltaic array is shown in Figure 2. Figure 3-5 As an example, the photovoltaic array shown in the figure is combined with Figure 1-5 Method 10 is explained in detail.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 2The afternoon is shown as an example, and the sun's rays are incident from the west. Figure 2 The figure shows an ideal condition of flat terrain. At this time, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 ( Figure 2 Left side, i.e. west side) and second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 ( Figure 2 The axes of the right side (i.e., the east side) are at the same horizontal height. At this time, when the two adopt the same inclination angle, the highest point and the lowest point of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 are respectively at the same horizontal height.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, of the two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets, in the morning, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the east side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and in the afternoon, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the west side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket. It can be understood that the judgment of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 is related to the specific time. When observing in the morning, the sun's rays are incident from the east side. At this time, the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the east side may block the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the west side. The first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the east side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, that is, the east side is the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21, and the west side is the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22. As the photovoltaic tracking bracket gradually rotates toward the west following the direction of the incident solar fiber, when observing in the afternoon, the sun's rays are incident from the west side. At this time, the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the west side may block the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the east side. The first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the west side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, so the west side is the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21, and the east side is the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22.

[0039] Step S11 is to calculate the reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the flat ground. The reverse tracking angle on the flat ground is the situation that the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 does not block the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 under ideal conditions (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the higher edge of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 (i.e., the edge close to the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22) is called the first edge M, and the lower edge of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 (i.e., the edge close to the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21) is called the second edge O, and the first edge M is higher than the second edge O in the vertical direction. The flat ground reverse tracking angle can be calculated based on the photovoltaic array information. In a preferred embodiment, the geographic information includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle, and the sunlight incident angle, and the photovoltaic array information includes the parameters of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets, such as the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the due east direction, the axis spacing between two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets in the due east direction, etc.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S11, the flat ground reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket can be calculated according to the following formula: Combined with reference Figure 2 As shown in the formula, B is the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground, A is the incident angle of sunlight, D is the axis distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking brackets 21 and 22 in the east direction. The incident angle of sunlight A can be calculated by the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle at the location of the photovoltaic tracking brackets 21 and 22 at this moment. The specific calculation formula is:

[0041] Sun Altitude Angle:

[0042] Solar azimuth:

[0043] Sunlight incident angle:

[0044] in, is the local latitude, δ is the declination angle, and ω is the solar hour angle.

[0045] For further reference, Figure 3 The first height difference between the first edge M of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket in step S12 is: the height difference H1 in the vertical direction between the projection m of the first edge M of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket on the vertical plane where the second edge O of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket is located along the incident direction of sunlight and the first edge M. In one embodiment of the present invention, the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket further includes calculating the first height difference according to the following formula: Among them, H1 is the first height difference, α is the solar altitude angle, γ is the solar azimuth angle, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, D is the axial distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction.

[0046] Under ideal conditions, that is, in the case of flat terrain, the first height difference H1 calculated according to the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground should be equal to the distance between the first edge M and the second edge O in the vertical direction, that is, the projection m of the first edge M of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket along the incident direction of sunlight on the vertical plane where the second edge O of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket is located coincides with the second edge O (e.g. Figure 2 However, in reality, due to limited land resources, there are fewer and fewer flat sites, and the number of projects on uneven terrain is increasing year by year. In actual projects, there may be a certain height difference between multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets in the east-west direction (refer to Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2), a single photovoltaic tracking bracket may also have a height difference in the north-south direction (refer to Figure 4 As shown), the original flat ground reverse tracking angle B may cause shadows between adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets, affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0047] Specifically, in step S13, the actual second height difference H2 can be calculated by using geographic information, photovoltaic array information, and error conditions of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets, wherein the error conditions include a first difference angle between two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets 21 and 22 in the due east direction and a second difference angle between a single photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 or 22 in the due south direction. Figure 3-5 In the preferred embodiment shown, the first difference angle P1 is the angle between the axis connecting the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 in the east direction and the horizontal plane, and the second difference angle P2 is the angle between the axis of the photovoltaic tracking brackets 21 and 22 in the south direction and the horizontal plane. Figure 3 The first difference angle P1 is represented by the angle between the connecting line of the lower ends of the columns of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 and the horizontal plane.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second height difference can be calculated in step S13 according to the following formula: H2 = d*sinB + (Dd*cosB)*tanP1 + L*tanP2. Wherein, H2 is the second height difference, B is the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground, D is the axis spacing between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 in the east direction, d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, P1 is the first difference angle, and P2 is the second difference angle.

[0049] As mentioned above, under ideal conditions, P1 and P2 are both 0. At this time, the first height difference H1 and the second height difference H2 of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 are equal. Therefore, by comparing and judging whether the first height difference H1 and the second height difference H2 are equal, it can be judged whether the current flat ground reverse tracking angle B is reliable.

[0050] It is understandable that the relationship between the first height difference H1 and the second height difference H2 can be used to determine whether there is an obstruction between the current first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, as well as the relationship between the best reverse tracking angle and the reverse tracking angle on flat ground that makes the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 not obstruct each other in actual situations. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the judgment is specifically divided into the following three situations:

[0051] (1) The second height difference is greater than the first height difference: At this time, due to the existence of geographic information, photovoltaic array information and the error conditions of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets, the second height difference H2 (which can be understood as the actual height difference) is not equal to the first height difference H1 (which can be understood as the theoretical height difference) calculated based on the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground, and the second height difference H2 is greater, that is, the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 is closer to the edge of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 than it should be in theory, and the tracking angle that should not have any obstruction will now cause obstruction. In simple terms, there is obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is less than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground. Reference Figure 3 As shown, in this case, the optimal reverse tracking angle should be as follows Figure 3 The second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 is shown rotated clockwise, that is, reduced.

[0052] (2) The second height difference is equal to the first height difference: the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 does not block the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is equal to the reverse tracking angle on flat ground.

[0053] (3) The second height difference is smaller than the first height difference: At this time, due to the existence of geographic information, photovoltaic array information and the error conditions of multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets, the second height difference H2 (which can be understood as the actual height difference) is not equal to the first height difference H1 (which can be understood as the theoretical height difference) calculated based on the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground, and the second height difference H2 is smaller, that is, the edge of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22 close to the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 is higher than the position where it should be theoretically located. Although the tracking angle that should not have any obstruction will not cause obstruction at this time, it causes a waste of power generation. In short, there is no obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is greater than the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground.

[0054] Among the above three situations, only situation (2) is ideal. However, in actual situations, due to the slope angles of the photovoltaic array in the east-west and / or north-south direction, situations (1) and (3) often occur. At this time, the reverse tracking angle needs to be optimized for each situation. When situation (1) occurs, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 blocks the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, greatly affecting the power generation efficiency, and the blockage needs to be eliminated. When situation (3) occurs, although no blockage occurs, the photovoltaic tracking bracket has not rotated to the highest power generation efficiency, that is, situation (3), further adjustment is also required.

[0055] Figure 6-7 It is a flow chart of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket in two different situations of the present application.

[0056] refer to Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention in case (1), the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket also includes the following steps:

[0057] S15a: Setting the photovoltaic tracking bracket to be tilted at a first reverse tracking angle;

[0058] S16a: Repeat the steps of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket by replacing the flat ground reverse tracking angle with the first reverse tracking angle;

[0059] S17a: When the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference, reducing the first reverse tracking angle until the second height difference is no greater than the first height difference, and using the first reverse tracking angle at this time as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

[0060] The first reverse tracking angle in step S15a is smaller than the reverse tracking angle on flat ground.

[0061] refer to Figure 7 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention in case (2), the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket also includes the following steps:

[0062] S15b: Calculate the difference ratio between the second height difference and the first height difference;

[0063] S16b: when the difference ratio is greater than or equal to 5%, the photovoltaic tracking bracket is set to tilt at a second reverse tracking angle, and the second reverse tracking angle is greater than the reverse tracking angle on flat ground;

[0064] S17b: Repeat the steps of the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket by replacing the flat ground reverse tracking angle with a second reverse tracking angle;

[0065] S18b: When the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference and the difference ratio is still greater than or equal to 5%, increase the second reverse tracking angle until the difference ratio is not less than 0 and less than 5%, and use the second reverse tracking angle at this time as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

[0066] Specifically, the difference ratio can be calculated by the following formula: It is understandable that when the difference ratio is very small, the error can be ignored for debugging cost considerations, and further optimization is performed only when the difference is relatively large, and it is difficult to optimize so that the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 does not block the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22, because in actual situations, the error should be minimized as much as possible while ensuring that the first photovoltaic tracking bracket 21 does not block the second photovoltaic tracking bracket 22. It only needs to be adjusted to a difference ratio that satisfies 0≤a<5%.

[0067] On the other hand, the present application also provides a reverse tracking photovoltaic tracking bracket system with optimized shading, wherein the photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and multiple photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction. The system is configured to execute the shading optimization method of the photovoltaic tracking bracket proposed in any embodiment of the present application, such as the above-mentioned shading optimization method 10 of the photovoltaic tracking bracket.

[0068] The method described above is a process of optimizing the reverse tracking angle once at a certain time and place. It is understandable that due to the existence of the east-west and north-south slope angles, the error of the reverse tracking angle on the flat ground of the same photovoltaic array will also change in different seasons of the year and at different times of the day. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, method 10 can be repeated on different dates to obtain the optimal reverse tracking angle for each day, or it can be simplified to repeat method 10 in different months and seasons to obtain different optimal reverse tracking angles.

[0069] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above invention disclosure is only used as an example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and amendments are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and amendments still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

[0070] At the same time, the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0071] Some aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software. The above hardware or software may be referred to as "data blocks", "modules", "engines", "units", "components" or "systems". The processor may be one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DAPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or combinations thereof. In addition, various aspects of the present application may be expressed as computer products located in one or more computer-readable media, which include computer-readable program codes. For example, computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, tapes ...), optical disks (e.g., compact disks CDs, digital versatile disks DVDs ...), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives ...).

[0072] A computer-readable medium may include a propagated data signal containing computer program code, such as in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagated signal may have a variety of manifestations, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination. A computer-readable medium may be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which may be connected to an instruction execution system, device or apparatus to communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use. The program code on the computer-readable medium may be propagated via any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, radio frequency signal, or similar medium, or any combination of the above mediums.

[0073] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0074] In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of the present application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values ​​is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0075] Although the present application has been described with reference to the current specific embodiments, ordinary technicians in this technical field should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, as long as the changes and modifications to the above embodiments are within the essential spirit of the present application, they will fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the shading of a photovoltaic tracking bracket, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction. The method comprises: Calculate the reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the flat ground according to the geographic information and the photovoltaic array information; Calculate a first height difference between a first photovoltaic tracking bracket and a second photovoltaic tracking bracket adjacent to each other in the east direction according to the flat ground reverse tracking angle, wherein the first height difference is a height difference in the vertical direction between a projection of a first edge of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket on a vertical plane where a second edge of the second photovoltaic tracking bracket is located along a sunlight incident direction and the first edge, wherein the first edge is higher in the vertical direction than the second edge; Calculating a second height difference between the first edge and the second edge in the vertical direction according to the flat ground reverse tracking angle, geographic information, photovoltaic array information, and error conditions of the plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets, wherein the error conditions include a first difference angle between two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets in the east direction and a second difference angle between a single photovoltaic tracking bracket in the south direction; The first height difference and the second height difference are compared, and it is determined whether there is any obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

2. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geographic information includes the solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle and the sunlight incident angle, and the photovoltaic array information includes parameters of a plurality of photovoltaic tracking brackets.

3. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining whether there is an obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket comprises: When the second height difference is greater than the first height difference, there is an obstruction between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is less than the reverse tracking angle on flat ground; When the second height difference is equal to the first height difference, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket does not just block the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is equal to the reverse tracking angle on flat ground; When the second height difference is smaller than the first height difference, there is no shielding between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and the optimal reverse tracking angle at this time is greater than the reverse tracking angle on flat ground.

4. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: When the second height difference is greater than the first height difference, the photovoltaic tracking bracket is set to be tilted at a first reverse tracking angle, and the first reverse tracking angle is smaller than the reverse tracking angle on flat ground; Repeating the steps of the photovoltaic tracking bracket shading optimization method by replacing the flat ground reverse tracking angle with the first reverse tracking angle; When the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference, the first reverse tracking angle is reduced until the second height difference is no greater than the first height difference, and the first reverse tracking angle at this time is used as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

5. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: When the second height difference is smaller than the first height difference, the second height difference and the When the difference ratio satisfies a≥5%, the photovoltaic tracking bracket is set to be tilted at a second reverse tracking angle, and the second reverse tracking angle is greater than the flat ground reverse tracking angle; Repeating the steps of the photovoltaic tracking bracket shading optimization method by replacing the flat ground reverse tracking angle with the second reverse tracking angle; When the second height difference is still greater than the first height difference and the difference ratio still satisfies a≥5%, the second reverse tracking angle is increased until the difference ratio satisfies 0≤a<5%, and the second reverse tracking angle at this time is used as the optimal reverse tracking angle.

6. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes calculating the reverse tracking angle of the photovoltaic tracking bracket on the flat ground according to the following formula: Among them, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, A is the sunlight incident angle, D is the axial distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction.

7. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further includes calculating the first height difference according to the following formula: Among them, H1 is the first height difference, α is the solar altitude angle, γ is the solar azimuth angle, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, D is the axial spacing between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, and d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction.

8. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method further includes calculating the second height difference according to the following formula: H2=d*sinB+(Dd*cosB))*tanP1+L*tanP2; Among them, H2 is the second height difference, B is the flat ground reverse tracking angle, D is the axial distance between the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction, d is the width of the photovoltaic tracking bracket along the east direction, P1 is the first difference angle, and P2 is the second difference angle.

9. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first difference angle is the angle between the axis line of the first photovoltaic tracking bracket and the second photovoltaic tracking bracket in the east direction and the horizontal plane, and the second difference angle is the angle between the axis line of the photovoltaic tracking bracket in the south direction and the horizontal plane.

10. The shading optimization method for a photovoltaic tracking bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the two adjacent photovoltaic tracking brackets, in the morning, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the east side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket, and in the afternoon, the first photovoltaic tracking bracket is the one closer to the west side than the second photovoltaic tracking bracket.

11. A shading-optimized reverse tracking photovoltaic tracking bracket system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tracking bracket extends in the south direction, and a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking brackets are arranged in the east direction. The system is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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