Antenna oscillator, antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna oscillator, an antenna and communication equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The antenna oscillator comprises a radiation arm, a feeder line and a decoupling branch knot, wherein the radiation arm is connected with the feeder line. The decoupling branch knot comprises a first branch knot and a second branch knot, the first branch knot is parallel to the feeder line, and the end part, close to the radiation arm, of the first branch knot is connected with the feeder line, so that the first branch knot is counteracted with at least part of current of the feeder line. The second branch knot is located on the side, away from the radiation arm, of the first branch knot, is connected with the first branch knot, extends from the first branch knot to the side, away from the feeder line, of the first branch knot, and is perpendicular to the feeder line; therefore, the drop-gain points of other antenna oscillators which generate the common-mode induction current on the antenna oscillator can be moved out of the working frequency band. According to the antenna provided by the invention, the feeder line of the antenna oscillator is connected with the decoupling branch knot, so that the effect of improving the directional diagram parameters of other antenna oscillators generating common-mode induction current on the antenna oscillator can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna vibrator, an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] In communication equipment such as base stations, high-frequency antenna elements and low-frequency antenna elements are usually configured at the same time. High-frequency antenna elements have large signal transmission capacity, and low-frequency antenna elements have strong signal attenuation resistance. In order to reduce the size of communication equipment, high-frequency antenna elements and low-frequency antenna elements can be configured in the same antenna array to form a multi-frequency antenna.

[0003] In a multi-band antenna, the spacing between the high-frequency antenna element and the low-frequency antenna element is usually small. In this way, when the electromagnetic wave radiated by the low-frequency antenna element is coupled to the high-frequency antenna element, a common-mode resonance will be generated in the high-frequency antenna element, thereby exciting a low-frequency induced current in the radiation part and reflection ground of the high-frequency antenna element, and the induced current will further excite a low-frequency electromagnetic wave. The low-frequency electromagnetic wave will be superimposed on the electromagnetic wave directly radiated by the low-frequency antenna element, resulting in the deterioration of the directional pattern parameters such as the gain stability and polarization suppression ratio of the low-frequency antenna element. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna element, an antenna and a communication device to improve the directional pattern parameters of the antenna element.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna element, which includes a radiating arm, a feeder line and a decoupling branch, wherein the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line. The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch is parallel to the feeder line, and the end of the first branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line. The second branch is located on the side of the first branch away from the radiating arm, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder line, and the second branch is perpendicular to the feeder line. In the antenna provided in the present application, by connecting the feeder line of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the current of the first branch and the feeder line can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element to other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element. In addition, since the second branch extends to the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved outside the operating frequency band, thereby effectively improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements while avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself that is equipped with the decoupling branch.

[0006] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the decoupling branch is specifically set, the length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element. By setting the length of the first branch to the above range, the first branch can at least partially offset the current on the electrode line of the feeder, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the antenna element on other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0007] In addition, the length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna vibrator. In this way, the gain-reducing resonance point of other antenna vibrators that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna vibrator can be outside the working frequency band to reduce the interference of the antenna vibrator on other antenna vibrators, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of other antenna vibrators.

[0008] Based on the above introduction to the lengths of the first branch and the second branch of the decoupling branch, the sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna element, so as to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the present application, the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line, so that the first branch and the current on the electrode line of the feeder line can be partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element on other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the first branch is connected to the feeder, the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm can be connected to the end of the feeder connected to the radiation arm. This can help to offset the current on the electrode line of the first branch and the feeder, thereby helping to reduce the interference of the antenna element on other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element.

[0011] Since the feed line may generally include a first electrode line and a second electrode line, wherein the first electrode line and the second electrode line are arranged in parallel, in the present application, the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm may be connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

[0012] For example, in a possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch node close to the radiation arm is connected to the first electrode line. The decoupling branch node can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line, which can make the connection between the first branch node and the first electrode line easier. In addition, the plane where the decoupling branch node is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the first electrode line is located, which can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna.

[0013] For another example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch node close to the radiation arm is connected to the second electrode line. The decoupling branch node can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line, which can make the connection between the first branch node and the second electrode line easier. In addition, the plane where the decoupling branch node is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the second electrode line is located, which can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna.

[0014] For another example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the antenna element includes two decoupling branches, and each decoupling branch can be connected to an electrode line of the feed line. Specifically, the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the second electrode.

[0015] It is understandable that when the antenna element includes two decoupling branches, one decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line to facilitate the connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna so that the plane where the one decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

[0016] In addition, the other of the two decoupling branches can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line to facilitate the connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna so that the plane where the other decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, in addition to the above-mentioned structure, the antenna element may also include two dielectric substrates, which are arranged vertically and intersectingly, and each dielectric substrate is perpendicular to the reflector. The feeder line of the antenna element and other structures such as decoupling branches may be arranged on the two dielectric substrates. For example, the feeder line may be a microstrip line structure, and each dielectric substrate may be provided with a feeder line, wherein the first electrode line and the second electrode line of each feeder line are arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate to avoid short circuit of the two electrode lines of the feeder line.

[0018] In a possible implementation of the present application, the radiating arm includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm can be arranged on a dielectric substrate, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm can be arranged on another dielectric substrate. In addition, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged on a common radiating surface. The end of the first branch node close to the radiating arm is located on the above-mentioned radiating surface, which is conducive to the offset of the current on the first branch node and the electrode line of the feed line, thereby being conducive to reducing the interference of the antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an antenna, which includes a reflector and an antenna element of the first aspect, wherein the antenna element is disposed on a side surface of the reflector, and the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector. In the antenna provided by the present application, by connecting the feeder line of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the current of the first branch and the feeder line can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element to other antenna elements in its vicinity. In addition, since the second branch extends to the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements that generate common-mode induced current on the antenna element can be moved outside the working frequency band of the other antenna element, thereby effectively improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements, while avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself provided with the decoupling branch.

[0020] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an antenna, which includes a reflector and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element is disposed on a side surface of the reflector, and the antenna element includes a feeder and a decoupling branch. The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, wherein the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector, and the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the feeder. The second branch is located on a side of the first branch close to the reflector, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to a side away from the feeder, and the second branch is parallel to the reflector. In the antenna provided in the present application, by connecting the feeder of the antenna element to the decoupling branch, the current of the first branch and the feeder can be at least partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the antenna element to other antenna elements nearby. In addition, since the second branch extends toward the side away from the feeder line, the gain drop point of other antenna elements near the antenna element can be moved outside the operating frequency band of the other antenna elements, thereby effectively improving the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements while avoiding affecting the radiation of the antenna element itself that is provided with the decoupling branch.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the antenna provided in the present application is a multi-frequency antenna, and the antenna element may include at least one low-frequency antenna element and at least one high-frequency antenna element. In addition, the above-mentioned feeder is used to feed the high-frequency antenna element. In this way, in the multi-frequency antenna, the interference of the high-frequency antenna element to the low-frequency antenna element can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element and other directional pattern parameters, and making the high-frequency antenna element itself have better radiation performance.

[0022] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the decoupling branch is specifically set, the length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator. By setting the length of the first branch to the above range, the current on the electrode line of the first branch and the feeder line can be at least partially offset, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator on the low-frequency antenna vibrator.

[0023] In addition, the length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator. In this way, the gain-reducing resonance point of the low-frequency antenna can be outside the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna to reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator on the low-frequency antenna vibrator, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator.

[0024] Based on the above introduction to the lengths of the first branch and the second branch of the decoupling branch, the sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator, so as to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator.

[0025] In a possible implementation of the present application, there is a certain distance between the second branch and the surface of the reflector to avoid a short circuit between the second branch and the reflector. The distance between the second branch and the reflector may be less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator. In this way, not only can the gain-loss resonance point of the low-frequency antenna vibrator be moved outside the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna vibrator, but also the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator itself can be avoided.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the present application, the length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line, so that the current on the electrode line of the first branch and the feeder line can be partially offset, thereby reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0027] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the first branch is connected to the feeder, the end of the first branch away from the reflector can be connected to the end of the feeder away from the reflector. This can help to offset the current on the electrode line of the first branch and the feeder, thereby helping to reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element.

[0028] Since the feed line may generally include a first electrode line and a second electrode line, wherein the first electrode line is perpendicular to the reflector, the second electrode line is perpendicular to the reflector, and the second electrode line is connected to the reflector, the first electrode line is a positive electrode line, and the second electrode line is a negative electrode line. In the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector may be connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

[0029] For example, in a possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the first electrode line. The decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line, which can make the connection between the first branch and the first electrode line easier. In addition, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the first electrode line is located, which can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna.

[0030] For another example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the second electrode line. The decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line, which can make the connection between the first branch and the second electrode line easier. In addition, the plane where the decoupling branch is located can also be perpendicular to and intersect with the plane where the second electrode line is located, which can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna.

[0031] For another example, in another possible implementation of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element includes two decoupling branches, and each decoupling branch can be connected to an electrode line of the feed line. Specifically, the end of the first branch of one of the decoupling branches away from the reflector is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch away from the reflector is connected to the second electrode.

[0032] It is understandable that when the high-frequency antenna vibrator includes two decoupling branches, one decoupling branch can be arranged coplanar with the first electrode line to facilitate the connection between the first branch and the first electrode line. Alternatively, it can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna so that the plane where the one decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

[0033] In addition, the other of the two decoupling branches can be arranged coplanar with the second electrode line to facilitate the connection between the first branch and the second electrode line. Alternatively, the antenna can be designed according to the specific structure of the antenna so that the plane where the other decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

[0034] In a possible implementation of the present application, in addition to the above-mentioned structure, the high-frequency antenna vibrator may also include two dielectric substrates, which are arranged vertically and intersecting, and each dielectric substrate is perpendicular to the reflector. The feeder line of the high-frequency antenna vibrator and other structures such as decoupling branches can be arranged on the two dielectric substrates. For example, the feeder line can be a microstrip line structure, and each dielectric substrate can be provided with a feeder line, wherein the first electrode line and the second electrode line of each feeder line are arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate to avoid short circuit of the two electrode lines of the feeder line.

[0035] In a possible implementation of the present application, the high-frequency antenna vibrator further includes a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm can be arranged on a dielectric substrate, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm can be arranged on another dielectric substrate. In addition, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged on a common radiating surface. The end of the first branch away from the reflector is located on the above-mentioned radiating surface, which is conducive to the offset of the current on the first branch and the electrode line of the feed line, thereby being conducive to reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator on the low-frequency antenna vibrator.

[0036] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a communication device, which includes the antenna element of the first aspect, or the communication device includes the antenna of the second aspect or the third aspect, and the communication device may be, but is not limited to, a base station, a radar, or other equipment. In the communication device, by providing a decoupling branch in the antenna element, the radiation of the antenna element itself is not affected while the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of other antenna elements generating common-mode induced current on the antenna element are improved, thereby facilitating the improvement of the communication performance of the communication device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to the antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna feeding system of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 A simplified structural diagram of a dual-band antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 A simplified structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of a high-frequency antenna element of the provided antenna;

[0044] Figure 8 For the above Figure 6 and Figure 7 The gain simulation result curve of the low-frequency antenna element of the antenna shown;

[0045] Fig. 9 Another partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of a high-frequency antenna element of the provided antenna;

[0047] Fig.11 Another partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of another dielectric substrate of a high-frequency antenna element of the provided antenna;

[0049] Fig.13 Another partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a connection method between a first electrode line on another dielectric substrate of a high-frequency antenna element of the provided antenna and a corresponding decoupling branch;

[0051] Fig.15 Another partial structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the connection between a second electrode line on another dielectric substrate of a high-frequency antenna element of the provided antenna and a corresponding decoupling branch is provided.

[0053] Reference numerals:

[0054] 10-antenna; 1-radiation part; 2-reflection plate; 3-feeding structure; 301-transmission component; 302-calibration network;

[0055] 303-phase shifter; 304-combiner; 305-filter;

[0056] 101-high frequency antenna vibrator; 102-low frequency antenna vibrator; 1011-feeding line; 10111-first electrode line;

[0057] 10112 - second electrode line; 1012 - decoupling branch; 10121 - first branch; 10122 - second branch;

[0058] 1013-radiation arm; 10131-first radiation arm; 10132-second radiation arm; 10133-third radiation arm;

[0059] 10134- fourth radiation arm; 1014- dielectric substrate;

[0060] 20-pole; 30-antenna adjustment bracket; 40-radome; 50-RF processing unit; 60-signal processing unit;

[0061] 70-Electric cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", and "the" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms "including", "having", and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0063] In order to facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the application scenario thereof is described below. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to communication equipment such as a base station. Figure 1 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of a system architecture applicable to the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. The system architecture may include communication equipment and terminals, and wireless communication can be achieved between the communication equipment and the terminals. The communication equipment may be, for example, a base station, which may be located in a base station subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage for wireless signals to achieve connection between the terminal equipment and the radio frequency end of the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM or CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, an evolved base station (evolutional NodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the base station can also be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, a base station in a 5G network, or a base station in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., for example, a new wireless base station, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the antenna feeding system of the base station provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The antenna feeding system of the base station may generally include structures such as an antenna 10, a pole 20, and an antenna adjustment bracket 30. Among them, the antenna 10 of the base station is generally arranged in a radome 40, and the radome 40 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in electrical performance and can withstand the influence of the external harsh environment in mechanical performance, thereby protecting the antenna system from the influence of the external environment. The radome 40 can be installed on the pole 20 or the tower through the antenna adjustment bracket 30 to facilitate the signal reception or transmission of the antenna 10.

[0065] In addition, the base station may further include a radio frequency processing unit 50 and a signal processing unit 60. The radio frequency processing unit 50 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signal received by the antenna 10, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the signal processing unit 60. Alternatively, the signal processing unit 60 or the intermediate frequency signal is converted into an electromagnetic wave through the antenna 10 after up-conversion and amplification processing and sent out. The signal processing unit 60 may be connected to the feeding structure of the antenna 10 through the radio frequency processing unit 50, and is used to process the intermediate frequency signal or baseband signal sent by the radio frequency processing unit 50.

[0066] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the RF processing unit 50 may be integrally provided with the antenna 10, and the signal processing unit 60 is located at the far end of the antenna 10. In some other possible embodiments, the RF processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 may be simultaneously located at the far end of the antenna 10. In the embodiment of the present application, the RF processing unit 50 and the signal processing unit 60 may be connected via a cable 70.

[0067] More specifically, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna of the base station provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 10 of the base station may include a radiating portion 1 and a reflector 2. The radiating portion 1 may also be referred to as an antenna vibrator or vibrator, etc. The radiating portion 1 is a unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna array, which can effectively radiate or receive radio waves. In the antenna 10, the operating frequencies of the various radiating portions 1 may be the same or different.

[0068] In addition, the reflector 2 can also be called a bottom plate, an antenna panel or a metal reflective surface, etc. The reflector 2 can improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal and reflect the antenna signal to focus on the receiving point. In addition, the reflector 2 can realize the directional radiation of the antenna signal and improve the radiation performance of the antenna 10. The radiating portion 1 is usually arranged on one side surface of the reflector 2, which can not only greatly enhance the signal receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna 10, but also block and shield the interference of other radio waves from the other side surface of the reflector 2 on the signal reception.

[0069] In the antenna 10 of the base station, the radiating part 1 can receive or transmit radio frequency signals through the respective feeding structures 3. The feeding structures 3 are usually composed of controlled impedance transmission lines. The feeding structures 3 can feed the radio signals to the radiating part 1 according to a certain amplitude and phase, or send the received radio signals to the signal processing unit 60 of the base station according to a certain amplitude and phase. Figure 3As shown, the feeding structure 3 can also realize different radiation beam pointing through the transmission component 301, or connect with the calibration network 302 to obtain the calibration signal required by the system. In addition, a phase shifter 303 may be included in the feeding structure 3 to change the maximum direction of the antenna signal radiation. In addition, modules such as a combiner 304 and a filter 305 for expanding performance may also be provided in the feeding structure 3, wherein the combiner 304 can be used to combine signals of different frequencies into one path and transmit them through the antenna 10; or when used in reverse, it can be used to divide the signal received by the antenna 10 into multiple paths according to different frequencies and transmit them to the signal processing unit 60 for processing. The filter 305 can be used to filter out interference signals.

[0070] At present, there are more and more antennas on base station towers, but the available space of base station towers is limited. Therefore, multi-frequency antennas that integrate antenna arrays of multiple frequency bands have gradually become the mainstream development direction of antennas. Common multi-frequency antennas include dual-frequency antennas and tri-frequency antennas. It can be understood that dual-frequency antennas are antennas with two working frequency bands, and tri-frequency antennas are antennas with three working frequency bands.

[0071] Take the dual-band antenna as an example, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A simplified structural diagram of a dual-frequency antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The dual-frequency antenna includes a high-frequency antenna element 101 and a low-frequency antenna element 102 arranged in the same antenna array. In the embodiment of the present application, the specific operating frequencies of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the low-frequency antenna element 102 are not limited, but the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna element 102. For example, the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101 can be 30% higher than the operating frequency of the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0072] You can continue to refer to Figure 4 In this dual-frequency antenna, the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the low-frequency antenna element 102 are arranged close to each other, and the maximum distance between them is sometimes less than 0.5 times the wavelength of the low-frequency antenna element 102, which can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the low-frequency antenna element 102 in a vacuum environment, thereby forming a common aperture antenna. Through the common aperture technology, the antenna elements of two or even multiple frequency bands are arranged on the same antenna array, which can greatly reduce the size of the multi-frequency antenna and obtain the application advantages of miniaturization, lightweight, and easy deployment.

[0073] However, you can continue to refer to Figure 4In the common aperture antenna, since the distance between the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the low-frequency antenna element 102 is small, when the electromagnetic wave radiated by the low-frequency antenna element 102 is coupled to the high-frequency antenna element 101, a common-mode resonance will be generated in the high-frequency antenna element 101, thereby exciting a low-frequency common-mode induced current in the radiation part and the reflection ground of the high-frequency antenna element 101, and the common-mode induced current will further excite a low-frequency electromagnetic wave. The low-frequency electromagnetic wave will be superimposed on the electromagnetic wave directly radiated by the low-frequency antenna element 102, resulting in the deterioration of the directional pattern parameters such as the gain stability and polarization suppression ratio of the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0074] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna that can improve the radiation pattern parameters such as polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element 102 in the antenna while ensuring the radiation efficiency and working stability of the high-frequency antenna element 101.

[0075] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 A simplified structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna includes a reflector 2, and an antenna vibrator disposed on a side surface of the reflector 2. The material of the reflector 2 may be, but is not limited to, metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, and aluminum, or alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and nickel alloy. In an embodiment of the present application, the antenna vibrator may include at least one low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 and at least one high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is located on the peripheral side of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, and the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 and the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 may be, but are not limited to, arranged in an array on the same side of the reflector 2.

[0076] You can continue to refer to Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 may further include a feeder 1011 and a decoupling branch 1012, wherein the feeder 1011 may be used to feed the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, and the decoupling branch 1012 may be connected to the feeder 1011, and the decoupling branch 1012 is used to move the gain drop point of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 outside the working frequency band, so as to improve the directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102. When implementing the specific method, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present application, the feed line 1011 may include a first electrode line 10111 and a second electrode line 10112. For example, the first electrode line 10111 may be a positive electrode line, and the second electrode line 10112 may be a negative electrode line. Then, the second electrode line 10112 may be connected to the reflector 2.

[0077] In the present application, the feed line 1011 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2, and the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 are both perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2. In the present application, the specific setting form of the feed line 1011 is not limited. For example, the feed line 1011 can be a microstrip line structure, a coaxial feed line, a strip line or a coplanar waveguide transmission line (CPW), etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the antenna is introduced by taking the feed line 1011 as a microstrip line structure as an example.

[0078] You can continue to refer to Figure 6 When the feed line 1011 is a microstrip line structure, in order to avoid short circuit between the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 can be respectively located on two surfaces spaced apart. Specifically, the high-frequency antenna element 101 can include a dielectric substrate 1014, and the dielectric substrate 1014 can be perpendicular to the reflector 2, that is, the two surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1014 that are disposed opposite to each other are perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2. In this way, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 can be respectively disposed on the two surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1014 that are disposed opposite to each other, and the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 are disposed opposite to each other, so that the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 are separated by the dielectric substrate 1014. In the present application, the specific setting form of the dielectric substrate 1014 is not limited, and an exemplary form thereof may be a printed circuit board (PCB). In this way, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 may be traces arranged on the two side surfaces of the PCB, and their materials may be but are not limited to metals such as copper, thereby simplifying the formation method of the feed line 1011.

[0079] You can continue to refer to Figure 6, the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include a radiation arm 1013, wherein the radiation arm 1013 may include a first radiation arm 10131 and a second radiation arm 10132, the first radiation arm 10131 and the second radiation arm 10132 are located on the same radiation plane, and the radiation plane is parallel to the surface of the reflector 2. In the present application, the feed line 1011 may be located between the above-mentioned radiation plane and the reflector 2. In addition, the first electrode line 10111 may be connected to the first radiation arm 10131, and the second electrode line 10112 may be connected to the second radiation arm 10132. Specifically, the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflector 2 may be connected to the first radiation arm 10131, and the end of the second electrode line 10112 away from the reflector 2 may be connected to the second radiation arm 10132, so as to realize the feeding of the first radiation arm 10131 and the second radiation arm 10132 by the feed line 1011. It is worth mentioning that, since the two electrode lines of the feeding line 1011 are respectively connected to the corresponding radiation arms, the end of the feeding line 1011 away from the reflection plate 2 can be located on the above-mentioned radiation surface.

[0080] In the present application, the first electrode line 10111 can be coplanarly arranged with the first radiation arm 10131, and the second electrode line 10112 can be coplanarly arranged with the second radiation arm 10132, which can effectively avoid interference between each electrode line and the radiation arm. Since the dielectric substrate 1014 can be a PCB, in the embodiment of the present application, the first radiation arm 10131 and the second radiation arm 10132 can also be traces arranged on the surface of the PCB. In addition, the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131 can be an integrally formed structure, and the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132 can be an integrally formed structure, thereby simplifying the structure of the high-frequency antenna and reducing the impedance between the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131, and the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132.

[0081] When setting the decoupling branch 1012, you can continue to refer to Figure 6The decoupling branch 1012 includes a first branch 10121 and a second branch 10122, wherein the first branch 10121 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2, and because the feed line 1011 is perpendicular to the surface of the reflector 2, the first branch 10121 is parallel to the feed line 1011. The second branch 10122 is located on the side of the first branch 10121 close to the reflector 2, that is, the second branch 10122 is located on the side of the first branch 10121 away from the radiation arm 1013. In addition, the second branch 10122 is connected to the first branch 10121, and the second branch 10122 extends from the first branch 10121 in a direction away from the feed line 1011, and the second branch 10122 is parallel to the reflector 2, and the feed line 1011 and the first branch 10121 are perpendicular to the reflector 2, so the second branch 10122 is perpendicular to the feed line 1011 and the first branch 10121.

[0082] It is worth mentioning that in the present application, the decoupling branch 1012 can be set with reference to the setting method of the feed line 1011. Specifically, the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 can be arranged as routing lines on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1014, and their materials can be but are not limited to metals such as copper, thereby simplifying the formation method of the decoupling branch 1012.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific length of the first branch 10121 is not limited. For example, the length of the first branch 10121 may be 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. Since the flow direction of the current on the first branch 10121 is opposite to the flow direction of the induced current on the electrode line of the feed line 1011 when the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is working, the current on the electrode line of the first branch 10121 and the feed line 1011 may be offset at least partially by setting the length of the first branch 10121 to the above value, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102. In addition, in the present application, the length of the first branch 10121 may be less than or equal to the length of the feed line 1011. Similar to the above principle, by making the length of the first branch 10121 less than or equal to the length of the feed line 1011, the purpose of reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 can also be achieved.

[0084] In the present application, the length of the second branch 10122 can also be 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. In this way, the resonance point of the gain loss of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 can be placed outside the operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 to reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 on the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102, thereby improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional pattern parameters of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102.

[0085] Based on the above description of the lengths of the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012, in the present application, the sum of the length of the first branch 10121 and the length of the second branch 10122 can be 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the high-frequency antenna element 101, so as to improve the directional pattern parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna element 102.

[0086] In addition, in the present application, the line widths of the first branch 10121 and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012 are not limited, and can be set according to the impedance requirements of the high-frequency antenna element 101 to facilitate the impedance matching of the high-frequency antenna element 101 itself, thereby reducing the influence of the decoupling branch 1012 on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna element 101 itself.

[0087] It is understandable that, in the present application, there is a certain distance between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2 to avoid a short circuit between the second branch 10122 and the reflector 2. The present embodiment of the application does not limit the distance between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2. For example, the distance between the second branch 10122 and the surface of the reflector 2 can be 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. Such a design can not only move the gain-reducing resonance point of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 outside the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102, but also avoid affecting the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 itself.

[0088] You can continue to refer to Figure 6 When the decoupling branch 1012 is specifically connected to the feed line 1011, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can be connected to the feed line 1011. The decoupling branch 1012 is also located between the radiation arm 1013 and the reflector 2, and the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 is also the end of the first branch 10121 close to the radiation arm 1013.

[0089] Since the feed line 1011 includes a first electrode line 10111 and a second electrode line 10112, Figure 6In the antenna shown, the high-frequency antenna element 101 includes two decoupling branches 1012, wherein the end of the first branch 10121 of one decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the first electrode line 10111, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the other decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the second electrode line 10112. In a specific implementation, one decoupling branch 1012 can be coplanarly arranged with the first electrode line 10111, and the other decoupling branch 1012 can be coplanarly arranged with the second electrode line 10112. Exemplarily, one decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111 can be both arranged on one surface of the dielectric substrate 1014, and the other decoupling branch 1012 and the second electrode line 10112 can be both arranged on the other surface of the dielectric substrate 1014, then the two decoupling branches 1012 can also be routing lines formed on the dielectric substrate 1014. In addition, each decoupling branch 1012 can also be an integrally formed structure with the coplanar electrode lines and the radiation arm, thereby simplifying the processing technology of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to improve the processing efficiency of the high-frequency antenna.

[0090] When the decoupling branch 1012 is specifically connected to the corresponding electrode line, the connection between the decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111 is used for description. Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 and the emitting plate is equal to the distance between the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflecting plate 2 and the emitting plate. Then, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 can be flush with and connected to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflecting plate 2. At this time, the connecting line between the first branch 10121 and the first electrode line 10111 is parallel to the surface of the reflecting plate 2. In some other possible embodiments of the present application, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 may be close to the reflecting plate 2 relative to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflecting plate 2. At this time, the connecting line between the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 and the first electrode line 10111 may be parallel to the surface of the reflecting plate 2, so that the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 is connected to the middle position of the first electrode line 10111; in addition, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflecting plate 2 can also be connected to the end of the first electrode line 10111 away from the reflecting plate 2. At this time, the connecting line between the first branch 10121 and the first electrode line 10111 may be at a certain angle to the surface of the reflecting plate 2.

[0091] It is worth mentioning that, since the end of the feed line 1011 away from the reflector 2 is located at the radiation surface where the radiation arm 1013 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 is located, in a possible embodiment of the present application, the end of the first branch 10121 away from the reflector 2 can be close to or located at the above-mentioned radiation surface, and because the distance between the second branch 10122 and the reflector 2 is small, when the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is working, the flow direction of the current on the first branch 10121 is opposite to the flow direction of the induced current generated on the feed line 1011, and the current on the first branch 10121 can offset the induced current generated on the feed line 1011, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 on the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102.

[0092] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the connection mode between the decoupling branch 1012 and the second electrode line 10112 is similar to the connection mode between the decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111, which will not be described in detail here. Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first electrode line 10111, and the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second electrode line 10112. In other possible embodiments of the present application, the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131 may also be located on the same side of the first electrode line 10111, and the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132 may also be located on the same side of the second electrode line 10112. Therefore, the present application does not limit the relative positions of the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the first electrode line 10111 and the first radiation arm 10131 and the first electrode line 10111 , and the relative positions of the decoupling branch 1012 connected to the second electrode line 10112 and the second radiation arm 10132 and the second electrode line 10112 .

[0093] You can continue to refer to Figure 6 The high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 may include two dielectric substrates 1014, which are arranged vertically and intersectingly. The two dielectric substrates 1014 can be assembled by plugging, so that the assembly of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 is more flexible. In a possible embodiment of the present application, the two dielectric substrates 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 can also be an integrated structure, which can effectively improve the structural reliability of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101.

[0094] exist Figure 6In order to facilitate the introduction of the specific configuration of the feed line 1011, the decoupling branch 1012 and the radiation arm 1013 of the high-frequency antenna element 101, only the structure on a dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is shown. Figure 6 For further information on the antenna shown in Figure 7 , Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 of the provided antenna is provided. Similarly, in order to facilitate the display of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, Figure 7 Middle Pair Figure 6 The feed line 1011, the decoupling branch 1012 and the radiation arm 1013 of a dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna oscillator 101 are omitted. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present application, the high-frequency antenna element 101 may further include a third radiation arm 10133 and a fourth radiation arm 10134. The first radiation arm 10131 and the second radiation arm 10132 are arranged on one dielectric substrate 1014, and the third radiation arm 10133 and the fourth radiation arm 10134 are arranged on another dielectric substrate 1014. In addition, the first radiation arm 10131, the second radiation arm 10132, the third radiation arm 10133 and the fourth radiation arm 10134 may be arranged on a common radiation surface.

[0095] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the present application, each dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 may be provided with a feeder 1011. The first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of each feeder 1011 are respectively provided on two oppositely disposed surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate 1014, and the feeder 1011 of each dielectric substrate 1014 is respectively connected to the first branch 10121 of the corresponding decoupling branch 1012. The feeders 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014 may be provided in the same or different manners. For example, in Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the antenna shown in FIG. 1 , the arrangement of the feeder lines 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014 and the connection between the feeder lines 1011 and the decoupling branches 1012 are the same and can be referred to in detail. Figure 6 Make the settings, which will not be described in detail here.

[0096] In addition, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 For the above Figure 6 and Figure 7 The gain simulation result curve of the low-frequency antenna vibrator of the antenna shown in the figure. Figure 8In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency, the vertical axis represents the gain, and curves 1a and 1b are gain simulation structure curves of the low-frequency antenna element array of the antenna including only the low-frequency antenna element array, which can be used as reference curves; curves 2a and 2b are gain simulation structure curves of the low-frequency antenna element array of the antenna including both the low-frequency antenna element array and the high-frequency antenna element array, wherein the high-frequency antenna element is not provided with a decoupling branch; curves 3a and 3b are gain simulation structure curves of the low-frequency antenna element array of the antenna including both the low-frequency antenna element array and the high-frequency antenna element array, wherein the high-frequency antenna element is the above-mentioned Figure 6 and Figure 7 The high-frequency antenna element introduced in .

[0097] Through Figure 8 By comparing the gain simulation structures of the low-frequency antenna element arrays of each antenna shown in the figure, it can be seen that the antenna provided in the present application can effectively reduce the interference of the high-frequency antenna element on the low-frequency antenna element by setting a decoupling branch in the high-frequency antenna element, which can improve the gain of the low-frequency antenna element.

[0098] In summary, the antenna provided in the above embodiment of the present application, by connecting the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 to the decoupling branch 1012, when the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is working, can refer to Figure 5 , an induced current will be generated on the feed line 1011, but because the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 is arranged in parallel with the feed line 1011, and the direction of the current on the first branch 10121 is opposite to the direction of the induced current on the electrode line of the feed line 1011, the current on the first branch 10121 and the feed line 1011 can be at least partially offset, thereby greatly reducing the interference of the high-frequency antenna element 101 on the low-frequency antenna element 102, which is beneficial to improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional parameters of the low-frequency antenna element 102. In addition, when the high-frequency antenna element 101 operates in its own frequency band, since the direction of the current on the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 is opposite to the direction of the current on the feeding line 1011, and the second branch 10122 of the decoupling branch 1012 is parallel to the reflecting plate 2, and the interval between the second branch 10122 and the reflecting plate 2 is small, the direction of the current on the second branch 10122 is opposite to the direction of the induced current on the reflecting plate 2, and the setting of the decoupling branch 1012 has almost no effect on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna element 101 itself.

[0099] In this application Figure 6 and Figure 7In the antenna shown, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 are both connected to the decoupling branch 1012. In other possible embodiments of the present application, only the first electrode line 10111 or the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 may be connected to the decoupling branch 1012. For example, see Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 Compared to the antenna shown, Fig. 9 In the antenna shown, only the first electrode line 10111 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is connected to the decoupling branch 1012, while the second electrode is not connected to the decoupling branch 1012. Fig. 9 The connection method of the first electrode line 10111 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in the figure and the decoupling branch 1012 as well as other structures of the antenna can be referred to. Fig. 9 The antenna shown is set up and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] because Fig. 9 The antenna shown only shows the structure on a dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101. Fig. 9 For other structures of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Fig.10 , Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the provided antenna. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In the high frequency antenna element of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 , the arrangement of the feed lines 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014 and the connection between the feed lines 1011 and the decoupling branches 1012 are the same and can be referred to in detail. Fig. 9 To set it up, we will not describe it in detail here.

[0101] In addition, refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 Compared to the antenna shown, Fig.11 In the antenna shown, only the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 is connected to the decoupling branch 1012, while the first electrode is not connected to the decoupling branch 1012. Fig.11 The connection method of the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna and the decoupling branch 1012 and other structures of the antenna can be referred to. Figure 6 The antenna shown is set up and will not be described in detail here.

[0102] because Fig.11 The antenna shown only shows the structure on a dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101. Fig.11 For other structures of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna shown in Fig.12 , Fig.12 for Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of another dielectric substrate of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the provided antenna. Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the high frequency antenna element of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 , the arrangement of the feed lines 1011 of the two dielectric substrates 1014 and the connection between the feed lines 1011 and the decoupling branches 1012 are the same and can be referred to in detail. Fig.11 To set it up, we will not describe it in detail here.

[0103] In the above embodiment of the present application, the electrode line connected to the decoupling branch 1012 of the feed line 1011 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 are arranged on the same plane. In some possible embodiments of the present application, the electrode line and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can also be arranged on two different planes. Fig.13 , Fig.13 Another structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 of the antenna, the first electrode line 10111 of each feed line 1011 is connected to a decoupling branch 1012, while the second electrode line 10112 is not connected to a decoupling branch 1012. In a specific implementation, the plane where the decoupling branch 1012 is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line 10111 is located, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the first electrode line 10111.

[0104] You can continue to refer to Fig.13 Since the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include two perpendicular and intersecting dielectric substrates 1014, the first electrode line 10111 may be arranged on one dielectric substrate 1014 and the decoupling branch 1012 may be arranged on another dielectric substrate 1014 for the connected decoupling branch 1012 and the first electrode line 10111. In addition, the specific arrangement of the first electrode line 10111 and the decoupling branch 1012, and the connection between the first electrode line 10111 and the first branch 10121 may be arranged with reference to the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0105] Fig.13The antenna shown only shows the connection between the first electrode line 10111 and the decoupling branch 1012 on a dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. Based on this, it can be understood that Fig.13 The high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 shown in the figure is rotated 90° counterclockwise around the intersection line of the two dielectric substrates 1014 to obtain the connection mode between the first electrode line 10111 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012, as shown in FIG. Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the connection between the first electrode line 10111 on another dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the antenna and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 is provided, wherein: Fig.14 The connection method between the first electrode line 10111 on another dielectric substrate 1014 of the medium-high frequency antenna element 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can be referred to Fig.13 In addition, other structures of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application can be set with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0106] In addition, please refer to Fig.15 , Fig.15 Another structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 of the antenna, the second electrode line 10112 of each feed line 1011 is connected to a decoupling branch 1012, while the first electrode line 10111 is not connected to a decoupling branch 1012. The plane where the decoupling branch 1012 is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line 10112 is located, and the end of the first branch 10121 of the decoupling branch 1012 away from the reflector 2 is connected to the second electrode line 10112.

[0107] You can continue to refer to Fig.15 Since the high-frequency antenna element 101 may include two perpendicular and intersecting dielectric substrates 1014, the second electrode line 10112 may be arranged on one dielectric substrate 1014 and the decoupling branch 1012 may be arranged on another dielectric substrate 1014 for the connected decoupling branch 1012 and the second electrode line 10112. In addition, the specific arrangement of the second electrode line 10112 and the decoupling branch 1012, and the connection between the second electrode line 10112 and the first branch 10121 may be arranged with reference to the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0108] Fig.15The antenna shown only shows the connection between the second electrode line 10112 and the decoupling branch 1012 on a dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. Based on this, it can be understood that Fig.15 The high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 shown in the figure is rotated 90° counterclockwise around the intersection line of the two dielectric substrates 1014 to obtain the connection mode between the second electrode line 10112 on the other dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012, as shown in FIG. Fig.16 As shown, Fig.16 for Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the connection between the second electrode line 10112 on another dielectric substrate 1014 of the high-frequency antenna element 101 of the provided antenna and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012. Other structures of the antenna provided in this embodiment of the present application can be set with reference to any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0109] Based on the above Fig.15 and Fig.16 In the introduction of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 in which the electrode lines and the corresponding decoupling branches 1012 are respectively arranged on two different planes, in some possible embodiments of the present application, the first electrode line 10111 and the second electrode line 10112 of the feed line 1011 of each substrate of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 can also be connected to the decoupling branch 1012. The connection method of the first electrode line 10111 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can refer to Fig.13 and Fig.14 The connection method between the second electrode line 10112 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 can refer to Fig.15 and Fig.16 The settings are not described in detail here.

[0110] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the connection method of the feed line 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on the two dielectric substrates 1014 of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 can also be different. For example, the feed line 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on one of the dielectric substrates 1014 can refer to Figure 6 The connection method of the feeder 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012 shown in FIG. 1 is used to set the feeder 1011 and the corresponding decoupling branch 1012 on another dielectric substrate 1014. Fig.11 The connection method of the feed line 1011 and the decoupling branch 1012 shown is set as long as interference between the structures can be avoided.

[0111] In the above embodiments of the present application, a dual-frequency antenna including a low-frequency antenna element 102 and a high-frequency antenna element 101 is used as an example to introduce that by setting a decoupling branch 1012 in the high-frequency antenna element 101, the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional parameters of the low-frequency antenna element 102 can be improved, and the self-radiation of the high-frequency antenna element 101 can be avoided from being affected. Based on this, it can be understood that in other antennas that need to improve the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional parameters of the antenna element, the decoupling branch 1012 can also be set in other antenna elements that may interfere with the antenna element to achieve the purpose of improving the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability and other directional parameters of the antenna element, wherein the specific setting method of the antenna element connected with the decoupling branch 1012 can refer to the setting of the high-frequency antenna element in any of the above embodiments, and it will not be repeated here.

[0112] The present application also provides a communication device, which includes the antenna of any of the above embodiments, and the communication device can be but is not limited to a base station, a radar or other equipment. In the communication device, by setting a decoupling branch 1012 in the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101, the common-mode induced current generated on the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 when the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 is working can be effectively suppressed, so that the directional parameters such as the polarization suppression ratio and gain stability of the low-frequency antenna vibrator 102 are significantly improved. In addition, the setting of the decoupling branch 1012 set in the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 has basically no effect on the radiation of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101 itself, thereby ensuring the radiation efficiency and working stability of the high-frequency antenna vibrator 101. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the antenna is relatively low, which can effectively reduce the cost of the entire communication device.

[0113] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of protection of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna vibrator, characterized in that: It comprises a radiating arm, a feeder line and a decoupling branch, wherein the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line, wherein: The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is parallel to the feeder line, and the end of the first branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the feeder line; the second branch is located on the side of the first branch away from the radiating arm, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to the side away from the feeder line, and the second branch is perpendicular to the feeder line.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

3. The antenna element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

4. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna element.

5. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line.

6. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to an end of the feed line connected to the radiation arm.

7. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The feed line includes a first electrode line and a second electrode line, the first electrode line and the second electrode line are arranged in parallel; the end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

8. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to the first electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the first electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

9. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is connected to the second electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the second electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

10. The antenna element according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna element includes two decoupling branches, wherein the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch close to the radiating arm is connected to the second electrode.

11. The antenna element according to claim 10, characterized in that: One of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanar with the first electrode line; or a plane where one of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the first electrode line is located.

12. The antenna element according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: Another of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanar with the second electrode line; or a plane where another of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the second electrode line is located.

13. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The antenna element comprises two dielectric substrates, and the two dielectric substrates are arranged vertically and intersectingly; The feed line is a microstrip line structure, each of the dielectric substrates is provided with the feed line, the first electrode and the second electrode of each of the feed lines are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate; the feed line of each of the dielectric substrates is connected to the first branch of the corresponding decoupling branch.

14. The antenna element according to claim 13, characterized in that: The radiating arm comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are arranged on one of the dielectric substrates, and the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are arranged on another of the dielectric substrates; The first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on a common radiation plane, and an end of the first branch close to the radiation arm is located on the radiation plane.

15. An antenna, characterized in that: It comprises a reflector and the antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the antenna element is arranged on a side surface of the reflector, and the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector.

16. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a reflector and an antenna element, wherein the antenna element is arranged on a side surface of the reflector, and the antenna element comprises a feeder and a decoupling branch, wherein: The decoupling branch includes a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is perpendicular to the reflector, and the end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the feeder; the second branch is located on a side of the first branch close to the reflector, the second branch is connected to the first branch, the second branch extends from the first branch to a side away from the feeder, and the second branch is parallel to the reflector.

17. The antenna according to claim 16, characterized in that The antenna elements include at least one low-frequency antenna element and at least one high-frequency antenna element, and the feeder line is used to feed the high-frequency antenna elements.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that The length of the first branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

19. The antenna according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that: The length of the second branch is 0.125 to 0.25 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

20. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that: The sum of the length of the first branch and the length of the second branch is 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

21. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that: The distance between the second branch and the reflection plate is less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the high-frequency antenna element.

22. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that: The length of the first branch is less than or equal to the length of the feeder line.

23. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that: An end of the first branch away from the reflection plate is connected to an end of the feed line away from the reflection plate.

24. The antenna according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that: The feed line includes a first electrode line and a second electrode line, the first electrode line is perpendicular to the reflective plate, the second electrode line is perpendicular to the reflective plate, and the second electrode line is connected to the reflective plate; the end of the first branch away from the reflective plate is connected to at least one of the first electrode line and the second electrode line.

25. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the first electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the first electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the first electrode line is located.

26. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The end of the first branch away from the reflector is connected to the second electrode line; the decoupling branch is coplanar with the second electrode line, or the plane where the decoupling branch is located is perpendicular to and intersects with the plane where the second electrode line is located.

27. The antenna according to claim 24, characterized in that The high-frequency antenna element includes two decoupling branches, wherein the end of the first branch of one decoupling branch away from the reflecting plate is connected to the first electrode line, and the end of the first branch of the other decoupling branch away from the reflecting plate is connected to the second electrode line.

28. The antenna according to claim 27, characterized in that One of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanar with the first electrode line; or a plane where one of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the first electrode line is located.

29. The antenna according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that Another of the decoupling branches is arranged coplanar with the second electrode line; or a plane where another of the decoupling branches is located is perpendicular to and intersects with a plane where the second electrode line is located.

30. The antenna according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that: The high-frequency antenna vibrator comprises two dielectric substrates, the two dielectric substrates are arranged vertically and intersectingly, and each of the dielectric substrates is perpendicular to the reflector; The feed line is a microstrip line structure, each of the dielectric substrates is provided with the feed line, the first electrode line and the second electrode line of each of the feed lines are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the corresponding dielectric substrate; the feed line of each of the dielectric substrates is connected to the first branch of the corresponding decoupling branch.

31. The antenna according to claim 30, characterized in that The high-frequency antenna element further comprises a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm, wherein the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are arranged on one of the dielectric substrates, and the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on another of the dielectric substrates; The first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged on a common radiation surface, and an end of the first branch away from the reflection plate is located on the radiation surface.

32. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises the antenna element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14 or the antenna as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 31.

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