Photovoltaic module of laminated cell and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module of a laminated battery and a manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module of the laminated cells comprises two packaging plates, an adhesive film located between the two packaging plates and at least one cell string, the cell string comprises at least two laminated cells, and the laminated cells comprise a perovskite top cell and a crystalline silicon bottom cell which are laminated mutually; the perovskite top cell comprises a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on the side, away from the crystal silicon bottom cell, of the perovskite layer. A first metal net is laid on the first transparent conductive layer. The crystalline silicon bottom cell comprises a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on the side, away from the perovskite top cell, of the substrate. A second metal net is laid on the second transparent conductive layer. Wherein the first metal net and the second metal net are respectively connected with the corresponding first transparent conductive layer and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer through adhesive films. According to the photovoltaic module of the laminated cell and the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module, the packaging loss is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic assembly of laminated cells and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite has attracted wide attention due to its excellent optoelectronic properties and low-cost preparation. As the mainstream technology route for the next generation of ultra-high-efficiency solar cells, perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cells have a cell SQ limit efficiency of up to 43%. The current laboratory efficiency has exceeded 34%, far exceeding crystalline silicon solar cells. However, in the preparation process of tandem photovoltaic modules, the traditional method of connecting cells in series with welding ribbons involves local high-temperature welding, and given the poor thermal stability of perovskite cells, the encapsulated photovoltaic modules have the problem of large encapsulation losses. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module of laminated cells with less packaging loss and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module of a stacked cell, comprising two packaging boards, a glue film located between the two packaging boards, and at least one cell string, wherein the cell string comprises at least two stacked cells, and the stacked cell comprises a perovskite top cell and a crystalline silicon bottom cell stacked on each other;

[0005] The perovskite top cell includes a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on the side of the perovskite layer facing away from the crystalline silicon bottom cell, and a first metal mesh is laid on the first transparent conductive layer; the crystalline silicon bottom cell includes a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on the side of the substrate facing away from the perovskite top cell, and a second metal mesh is laid on the second transparent conductive layer;

[0006] In two adjacent stacked batteries of the same battery string, a first metal mesh corresponding to one stacked battery is electrically connected to a second metal mesh corresponding to the other stacked battery;

[0007] The first metal mesh and the second metal mesh are connected to the corresponding first transparent conductive layer and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer respectively through adhesive films.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, in two adjacent stacked batteries of the same battery string, a first metal mesh corresponding to one stacked battery is electrically connected to a second metal mesh corresponding to another stacked battery through a third metal mesh;

[0009] The first metal mesh corresponding to one of the stacked batteries, the third metal mesh, and the second metal mesh corresponding to the other stacked battery are constructed as an integrally formed metal mesh structure.

[0010] In one embodiment, the perovskite top cells of two adjacent stacked cells are both located on the top side of the photovoltaic module of the stacked cells, and the third metal mesh is sandwiched between the side surfaces of the two adjacent stacked cells.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first metal mesh entirely covers the corresponding first transparent conductive layer; and / or

[0012] The second metal mesh entirely covers the corresponding second transparent conductive layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, all meshes of the first metal mesh have the same size and are evenly distributed on the first metal mesh; and / or

[0014] All meshes of the second metal mesh have the same size and are evenly distributed on the second metal mesh.

[0015] In one embodiment, the adhesive film includes a first adhesive film and a second adhesive film;

[0016] The first adhesive film is stacked on the first transparent conductive layer to connect the first metal mesh to the side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate;

[0017] The second adhesive film is stacked on the second transparent conductive layer to connect the second metal mesh to a side of the second transparent conductive layer away from the perovskite layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, there are multiple battery strings, and the multiple battery strings are electrically connected via bus bars.

[0019] In one embodiment, the curing temperature of the adhesive film is 80° C.-100° C.; and / or

[0020] The material of the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh is at least one of nickel, copper, gold, silver, titanium, nickel oxide, copper oxide, gold oxide, silver oxide, and titanium oxide.

[0021] In one embodiment, the mesh of at least one of the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh satisfies the following conditions:

[0022] The thickness of the grid along the stacking direction of the photovoltaic module is 10 microns to 30 microns; and / or

[0023] The width of the strips forming the grid is 20 micrometers to 50 micrometers; and / or

[0024] The mesh size of the grid is 50-100 mesh; and / or

[0025] The shape of the grid is polygonal, circular or elliptical.

[0026] In one of the embodiments, the perovskite top cell further comprises: an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer;

[0027] The electron transport layer is arranged on the side of the perovskite layer away from the substrate and between the first transparent conductive layer and the perovskite layer. The hole transport layer is arranged on the side of the perovskite layer away from the electron transport layer and between the crystalline silicon bottom cell and the perovskite layer.

[0028] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a stacked cell, which is used to manufacture the photovoltaic module of the stacked cell, and the manufacturing method comprises:

[0029] Laying the adhesive film on the packaging board and placing the battery string on the adhesive film; wherein the battery string includes at least two stacked batteries, the stacked batteries include a perovskite top battery and a crystalline silicon bottom battery stacked on each other; the perovskite top battery includes a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on the side of the perovskite layer away from the crystalline silicon bottom battery; the crystalline silicon bottom battery includes a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on the side of the substrate away from the perovskite top battery;

[0030] For two adjacent stacked cells in the same cell string, a first metal mesh of an integrally formed metal mesh structure is laid above a first transparent conductive layer of one of the stacked cells, and a second metal mesh of the metal mesh structure is laid below a second transparent conductive layer of another stacked cell;

[0031] Another adhesive film and another packaging plate are laid in sequence on top of the battery string and laminated at a temperature less than 100°C.

[0032] In one embodiment, the lamination process satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0033] (1) Lamination temperature is 80℃-85℃;

[0034] (2) Lamination time is 13min-18min.

[0035] In one embodiment, the metal mesh structure is made of silver or tin-lead alloy;

[0036] The metal mesh structure includes a mesh having a mesh number of 50 meshes or 80 meshes;

[0037] The width of the strips forming the grid is 30 microns or 50 microns;

[0038] The thickness of the grid is 20 microns.

[0039] The above-mentioned photovoltaic module of laminated cells and its manufacturing method have the following beneficial effects:

[0040] Since the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh are mechanically connected to the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer respectively through the adhesive film, no grid lines are set on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, the first metal mesh is laid on the first transparent conductive layer to act as an electrode, and the second metal mesh is laid on the second transparent conductive layer to act as an electrode. Firstly, since the processes of printing metal paste and sintering are omitted, the first metal mesh and the corresponding first transparent conductive layer are mechanically interconnected, and the second metal mesh and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer are mechanically interconnected only through the adhesive film, so that the preparation steps of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

[0041] In addition, compared with the prior art, in which the welding strip needs to be welded to the grid lines on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, and the welding temperature is high, which will affect the performance of the perovskite top cell, the embodiment of the present application mechanically connects the first metal mesh and the corresponding first transparent conductive layer through an adhesive film, and mechanically connects the second metal mesh and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer, and then electrically connects the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh of the adjacent stacked cells, thereby realizing the electrical connection of adjacent stacked cells. The connection between the first metal mesh and the first transparent conductive layer, and the second metal mesh and the second transparent conductive layer do not need to undergo a high-temperature welding process, thereby avoiding thermal effects on the perovskite top cell, and avoiding high-temperature packaging losses of the stacked cells due to high-temperature welding, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0042] In other words, the embodiment of the present application adopts the non-metallization design on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer through this scheme, replaces the traditional metal grid lines with the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh, and then interconnects the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh to achieve low-temperature interconnection of adjacent stacked batteries. While achieving efficient interconnection, it can improve the front gain of the stacked batteries, and also saves the slurry cost required for printing metal grid lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module of a stacked cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a laminated cell and a metal mesh structure in a laminated cell photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked cell in a photovoltaic module of a stacked cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first metal mesh and the perovskite top cell in the photovoltaic module of the stacked cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the process of manufacturing a photovoltaic module of laminated cells provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0049] 1000. Photovoltaic modules with laminated cells;

[0050] 100, perovskite top cell; 110, first transparent conductive layer; 120, electron transport layer; 130, buffer layer; 140, perovskite layer; 150, hole transport layer; 160, composite layer;

[0051] 200, crystalline silicon bottom cell; 210, second transparent conductive layer; 220, heterojunction cell body; 210, second transparent conductive layer;

[0052] 300, laminated battery; 400, packaging board;

[0053] 500, metal mesh structure; 510, first metal mesh; 520, second metal mesh; 530, third metal mesh; 540, grid;

[0054] 600, adhesive film; 610, first adhesive film; 620, second adhesive film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0060] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0061] The photovoltaic module 1000 of the stacked cell of the embodiment of the present application and the method for making the same are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the present application, the stacked cell 300 is a perovskite-heterojunction stacked cell as an example for description, that is, the top cell is a perovskite top cell and the bottom cell is a heterojunction bottom cell as an example for description. The bottom cell can also be other types of crystalline silicon bottom cells with a transparent conductive layer on the back. The case where the bottom cell is other types of crystalline silicon cells is similar to this and will not be repeated here.

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module of stacked cells provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between stacked cells and a metal mesh structure in a photovoltaic module of stacked cells provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of stacked cells in a photovoltaic module of stacked cells provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first metal mesh and the perovskite top cell in the photovoltaic module of stacked cells provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] 1 to 4, the photovoltaic module 1000 of the laminated cell provided in the embodiment of the present application includes two encapsulation plates 400, a glue film 600 located between the two encapsulation plates 400, and at least one battery string, wherein the battery string includes at least two laminated cells 300. The laminated cell 300 includes a perovskite top cell 100 and a crystalline silicon bottom cell 200 stacked on each other, the perovskite top cell 100 includes a perovskite layer 140, and a first transparent conductive layer 110 located on the side of the perovskite layer 140 away from the crystalline silicon bottom cell 200, and a first metal mesh 510 is laid on the first transparent conductive layer 110. The crystalline silicon bottom cell 200 includes a substrate, and a second transparent conductive layer 210 located on the side of the substrate away from the perovskite top cell 100, and a second metal mesh 520 is laid on the second transparent conductive layer. In two adjacent laminated cells 300 in the same battery string, the first metal mesh 510 corresponding to one laminated cell 300 is electrically connected to the second metal mesh 520 corresponding to the other laminated cell 300. The first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 are connected to the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 respectively through the adhesive film 600 .

[0064] Since the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 are mechanically connected to the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 respectively through the adhesive film 600, no grid lines are set on the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the second transparent conductive layer 210, and the first metal mesh 510 is laid on the first transparent conductive layer 110 to act as an electrode, and the second metal mesh 520 is laid on the second transparent conductive layer 210 to act as an electrode. Firstly, since the processes of printing metal paste and sintering are omitted, the first metal mesh 510 and the corresponding first transparent conductive layer 110 are mechanically interconnected, and the second metal mesh 520 and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer 210 are mechanically interconnected only through the adhesive film 600, so that the preparation steps of the photovoltaic module are reduced, the process complexity is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

[0065] In addition, compared with the prior art, in which the welding strip needs to be welded to the grid lines on the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer, and the welding temperature is high, which will affect the performance of the perovskite top cell, the embodiment of the present application mechanically connects the first metal mesh 510 and the corresponding first transparent conductive layer 110 through the adhesive film 600, and mechanically connects the second metal mesh 520 and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer 210, and then electrically connects the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 of the adjacent stacked cells 300, so that the electrical connection of the adjacent stacked cells 300 can be achieved, and the connection between the first metal mesh 510 and the first transparent conductive layer 110, and the second metal mesh 520 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 do not need to undergo a high-temperature welding process, thereby avoiding thermal effects on the perovskite top cell 100, and avoiding high-temperature packaging losses of the stacked cell 300 due to high-temperature welding, so that the efficiency of the photovoltaic module can be guaranteed.

[0066] In other words, the embodiment of the present application adopts the non-metallization design on the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 through this scheme, replaces the traditional metal grid lines with the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520, and then interconnects the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 to achieve low-temperature interconnection of adjacent stacked batteries 300. While achieving efficient interconnection, it can improve the front gain of the stacked battery 300, and also save the slurry cost required for printing metal grid lines.

[0067] Among them, the first metal mesh 510 laid on the first transparent conductive layer 110 means that the first metal mesh 510 is directly in contact with the surface of the first transparent conductive layer 110, and the two are electrically connected. The second metal mesh 520 laid on the second transparent conductive layer 210 means that the second metal mesh 520 is directly in contact with the surface of the second transparent conductive layer 210, and the two are electrically connected.

[0068] In addition, unlike printed metal grid lines, the material selection of the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 is wide, and there is no requirement for melting point. The material of the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 is at least one of nickel, copper, gold, silver, titanium, nickel oxide, copper oxide, gold oxide, silver oxide, and titanium oxide, which also makes the contact resistance smaller to improve battery performance. And the shape, mesh number, mesh size, etc. can be customized according to needs.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 2 , in two adjacent stacked batteries 300 of the same battery string, the first metal mesh 510 corresponding to one stacked battery 300 is electrically connected to the second metal mesh 520 corresponding to the other stacked battery 300 through the third metal mesh 530 .

[0070] The first metal mesh 510 , the third metal mesh 530 corresponding to one of the stacked batteries 300 , and the second metal mesh 520 corresponding to the other stacked battery 300 are constructed as an integrally formed metal mesh structure 500 .

[0071] In this way, the first metal mesh 510, the third metal mesh 530 and the second metal mesh 520 can be implemented by an integral metal mesh structure 500, making the series connection between adjacent stacked batteries 300 simpler and also making the electrical connection between the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 more convenient.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the perovskite top cells 100 of two adjacent stacked cells 300 are both located on the top side of the photovoltaic module 1000 of the stacked cells, and the third metal mesh 530 is sandwiched between the side surfaces of the two adjacent stacked cells 300 .

[0073] The third metal mesh 530 is arranged in this way, and the first metal mesh 510, the third metal mesh 530 and the second metal mesh 520 can be connected in series by bending into the shape of the English letter Z. This can also avoid the problems of broken grid and grid separation caused by connecting metal grid lines through welding strips and then laminating, so that the reliability of the interconnection between the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 is better.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the first metal mesh 510 entirely covers the corresponding first transparent conductive layer 110 ; and / or the second metal mesh 520 entirely covers the corresponding second transparent conductive layer 210 .

[0075] Such an arrangement enables the first metal mesh 510 to cover a larger area on the first transparent conductive layer 110 , and the second metal mesh 520 to cover a larger area on the second transparent conductive layer 210 , so that the carrier collection effect is better.

[0076] Further, all the grids 540 of the first metal mesh 510 have the same size and are evenly distributed on the first metal mesh 510. And / or all the grids 540 of the second metal mesh 520 have the same size and are evenly distributed on the second metal mesh 520. With such a configuration, compared with the main grid and fine grid structure in the prior art electrode, the various parts of the first metal mesh 510 can be evenly distributed in various areas on the first transparent conductive layer 110, so that the top parts of the laminated battery 300 are evenly illuminated, the carriers of each area are also collected more evenly, and the collection effect is also better. Similarly, the second metal mesh 520 can be evenly distributed in various areas on the second transparent conductive layer 210, so that the bottom parts of the laminated battery 300 are evenly illuminated, the carriers of each area are also collected more evenly, and the collection effect is also better, thereby improving the efficiency of the laminated battery 300. In addition, the appearance is also more beautiful.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 1 , the adhesive film 600 includes a first adhesive film 610 and a second adhesive film 620. The first adhesive film 610 is stacked on the first transparent conductive layer 110 to connect the first metal mesh 510 to the side of the first transparent conductive layer 110 that is away from the substrate. The second adhesive film 620 is stacked on the second transparent conductive layer 210 to connect the second metal mesh 520 to the side of the second transparent conductive layer 210 that is away from the perovskite layer 140.

[0078] In this way, as long as the battery string is placed between the first adhesive film 610 and the second adhesive film 620 and then laminated, the connection between the first metal mesh 510 and the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the connection between the second metal mesh 520 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 can be achieved.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, there are multiple battery strings, and the multiple battery strings are electrically connected through bus bars.

[0080] Furthermore, the curing temperature of the adhesive film 600 is 80°C-100°C, preferably 85°C.

[0081] Such an arrangement can make the first metal mesh 510 and the first transparent conductive layer 110 form an ohmic contact at a relatively low temperature, and make the second metal mesh 520 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 form an ohmic contact, thereby minimizing the impact of the packaging process on the perovskite top cell 100, so as to reduce the packaging loss of the photovoltaic module 1000 of the stacked cell.

[0082] In other words, the adhesive film 600 may be a low-melting-point thermoplastic film (TPO), which can press and bond the various parts together during the lamination process, and form ohmic contact between the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 and the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the second transparent conductive layer 210 respectively at 85° C. or even lower.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the mesh 540 of at least one of the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 meets the following conditions:

[0084] The thickness of the grid 540 along the stacking direction of the photovoltaic module is 10 micrometers to 30 micrometers.

[0085] Furthermore, the width of the strip lines forming the grid 540 is 20 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

[0086] Furthermore, the mesh size of the grid 540 is 50-100 meshes.

[0087] Furthermore, the shape of the grid is polygonal, circular or elliptical.

[0088] Such an arrangement can minimize the shielding of light by the first metal mesh 510 and the second metal mesh 520 , thereby improving the efficiency of each stacked cell 300 , thereby improving the efficiency of the stacked cell photovoltaic module 1000 .

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, the perovskite top cell 100 further includes: an electron transport layer 120 and a hole transport layer 150. Further, the perovskite top cell 100 further includes a buffer layer 130 and a composite layer 160.

[0090] The electron transport layer 120 is disposed on the side of the perovskite layer 140 facing away from the substrate and is located between the first transparent conductive layer 110 and the perovskite layer 140 . The hole transport layer 150 is disposed on the side of the perovskite layer 140 facing away from the electron transport layer 120 and is located between the crystalline silicon bottom cell 200 and the perovskite layer 140 .

[0091] The buffer layer 130 is located between the electron transport layer 120 and the perovskite layer 140 , and the composite layer 160 is located between the crystalline silicon bottom cell 200 and the hole transport layer 150 .

[0092] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the process of manufacturing a photovoltaic module of laminated cells provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0093] Reference Figure 5 The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a laminated battery, which is used to manufacture the above-mentioned photovoltaic module of the laminated battery, and the manufacturing method comprises:

[0094] S10, laying an adhesive film on the packaging board, and placing a battery string on the adhesive film; wherein the battery string includes at least two stacked batteries, the stacked batteries include a perovskite top battery and a crystalline silicon bottom battery stacked on each other; the perovskite top battery includes a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on a side of the perovskite layer away from the crystalline silicon bottom battery; the crystalline silicon bottom battery includes a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on a side of the substrate away from the perovskite top battery;

[0095] S20, for two adjacent stacked cells in the same cell string, laying a first metal mesh of an integrally formed metal mesh structure above a first transparent conductive layer of one of the stacked cells, and laying a second metal mesh of the metal mesh structure below a second transparent conductive layer of the other stacked cell;

[0096] S30, laying another adhesive film and another packaging plate on the battery string in sequence, and performing a lamination process at a temperature less than 100°C.

[0097] Further, the lamination process satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0098] (1) Lamination temperature is 80℃-85℃;

[0099] (2) Lamination time is 13min-18min.

[0100] Further, the metal mesh structure is made of silver or tin-lead alloy;

[0101] The metal mesh structure includes a mesh having a mesh number of 50 meshes or 80 meshes;

[0102] The width of the strips forming the grid is 30 microns or 50 microns;

[0103] The thickness of the grid is 20 microns.

[0104] The lamination method of the photovoltaic module 1000 of stacked cells is described below by way of example with reference to FIG. 1 .

[0105] Embodiment 1:

[0106] The method includes:

[0107] The second adhesive film 620 is laid on the packaging board 400 on the back, and the laminated battery 300 is laid on the second adhesive film 620. For two adjacent laminated batteries 300 belonging to the same battery string, the first metal mesh 510 of the integrally formed metal mesh structure 500 is stacked on the first transparent conductive layer 110 of one of the laminated batteries 300, and the second metal mesh 520 is stacked on the second transparent conductive layer 210 of the other laminated battery 300. The first adhesive film 610 and the packaging board 400 on the front are sequentially stacked on the laminated battery 300. The material of the metal mesh structure 500 is silver, the thickness of the mesh 540 is 20um, the width of the strip lines forming the mesh 540 is 50um, the mesh number of the mesh 540 is 50 meshes, and the lamination is carried out at 80°C for 15 minutes.

[0108] Embodiment 2:

[0109] Embodiment 2 Based on embodiment 1, the following parameters are improved:

[0110] The width of the strip lines forming the grid 540 is 30 um, and the mesh number of the grid 540 is 80 meshes.

[0111] Embodiment 3:

[0112] Embodiment 3 is based on embodiment 1, and the following parameters are improved:

[0113] The metal mesh structure 500 is made of tin-lead alloy.

[0114] Embodiment 4:

[0115] Embodiment 4 is based on embodiment 1, and the following parameters are improved:

[0116] The material of the metal mesh structure 500 is tin-lead alloy, the width of the strip lines forming the mesh 540 is 30 um, and the mesh number of the mesh 540 is 80 meshes.

[0117] Comparative Example 1:

[0118] The existing perovskite-heterojunction stacked cells are used as the battery cells to be packaged, and metallized grid lines are made on the front and back of the battery cells. The front of the battery cell is designed with a 10BB metallization, where the main grid width is 0.8mm, and the electrical connection is achieved by bonding the welding strip with conductive glue. The bonding conditions are: at 120°C for 200s to achieve the connection between the welding strip and the main grid. Two packaging plates are used, and the adhesive film is covered on the battery cell, and laminated at 80°C for 15 minutes.

[0119] Comparative Example 2:

[0120] Comparative Example 2 is based on Comparative Example 1, and the following parameters are improved:

[0121] The bonding conditions are: 150°C for 20 seconds to achieve the connection between the welding strip and the main grid.

[0122] The photovoltaic modules of the laminated cells produced in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Example 4 and the photovoltaic modules of the laminated cells produced in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were subjected to packaging loss tests, and the test results are recorded in Table 1.

[0123] Table 1 Comparison of packaging losses of different embodiments and comparative examples

[0124]

[0125] It can be seen from Table 1 that the efficiency attenuation of the photovoltaic modules of the stacked cells produced by Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the present application is less than that of the photovoltaic modules of the stacked cells of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The photovoltaic modules of the stacked cells of the embodiments of the present application can reduce the packaging loss of the perovskite-heterojunction stacked cells.

[0126] The embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic system.

[0127] The photovoltaic system includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic components. The photovoltaic system can be used in photovoltaic power stations, such as ground power stations, rooftop power stations, water power stations, etc. It can also be used in equipment or devices that use solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar street lights, solar cars, solar buildings, etc. Of course, it can be understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to this, that is to say, the photovoltaic system can be used in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking the photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a junction box and an inverter. The photovoltaic array can be an array combination of multiple photovoltaic components. For example, multiple photovoltaic components can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the junction box. The junction box can converge the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The converged current flows through the inverter and is converted into the alternating current required by the mains power grid. After that, it is connected to the mains network to realize solar power supply.

[0128] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0129] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module of laminated cells, characterized in that: The invention comprises two packaging plates, a glue film between the two packaging plates and at least one battery string, wherein the battery string comprises at least two stacked batteries, and the stacked batteries comprise a perovskite top battery and a crystalline silicon bottom battery stacked on each other; The perovskite top cell comprises a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on a side of the perovskite layer away from the crystalline silicon bottom cell, and a first metal mesh is laid on the first transparent conductive layer; the crystalline silicon bottom cell comprises a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on a side of the substrate away from the perovskite top cell, and a second metal mesh is laid on the second transparent conductive layer; In two adjacent stacked batteries of the same battery string, a first metal mesh corresponding to one of the stacked batteries is electrically connected to a second metal mesh corresponding to the other stacked battery; The first metal mesh and the second metal mesh are connected to the corresponding first transparent conductive layer and the corresponding second transparent conductive layer respectively through the adhesive film.

2. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: In two adjacent stacked batteries of the same battery string, a first metal mesh corresponding to one of the stacked batteries is electrically connected to a second metal mesh corresponding to another stacked battery through a third metal mesh; The first metal mesh corresponding to one of the stacked batteries, the third metal mesh, and the second metal mesh corresponding to the other stacked battery are constructed as an integrally formed metal mesh structure.

3. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The perovskite top cells of two adjacent stacked cells are both located on the top side of the photovoltaic module of the stacked cells, and the third metal mesh is sandwiched between the side surfaces of the two adjacent stacked cells.

4. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal mesh entirely covers the corresponding first transparent conductive layer; and / or The entire second metal mesh covers the corresponding second transparent conductive layer.

5. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: All meshes of the first metal mesh have the same size and are evenly distributed on the first metal mesh; and / or All meshes of the second metal mesh have the same size and are evenly distributed on the second metal mesh.

6. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive film includes a first adhesive film and a second adhesive film; The first adhesive film is stacked on the first transparent conductive layer to connect the first metal mesh to a side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate; The second adhesive film is stacked on the second transparent conductive layer to connect the second metal mesh to a side of the second transparent conductive layer away from the perovskite layer.

7. The photovoltaic module of laminated cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple battery strings, and the multiple battery strings are electrically connected through bus bars.

8. The photovoltaic module of the laminated cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The curing temperature of the adhesive film is 80°C-100°C; and / or The material of the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh is at least one of nickel, copper, gold, silver, titanium, nickel oxide, copper oxide, gold oxide, silver oxide, and titanium oxide.

9. The photovoltaic module of the laminated cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The mesh of at least one of the first metal mesh and the second metal mesh satisfies the following conditions: The thickness of the grid along the stacking direction of the photovoltaic module of the stacked cell is 10 microns to 30 microns; and / or The width of the strip lines forming the grid is 20 micrometers to 50 micrometers; and / or The mesh size of the grid is 50-100 meshes; and / or The shape of the grid is polygonal, circular or elliptical.

10. The photovoltaic module of the laminated cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The perovskite top cell also includes: an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer; The electron transport layer is arranged on the side of the perovskite layer away from the substrate and is located between the first transparent conductive layer and the perovskite layer. The hole transport layer is arranged on the side of the perovskite layer away from the electron transport layer and is located between the crystalline silicon bottom cell and the perovskite layer.

11. A method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a laminated cell, used for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a laminated cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The production method comprises: Laying an adhesive film on a packaging board, and placing a battery string on the adhesive film; wherein the battery string comprises at least two stacked batteries, the stacked batteries comprising a perovskite top battery and a crystalline silicon bottom battery stacked on each other; the perovskite top battery comprises a perovskite layer and a first transparent conductive layer located on a side of the perovskite layer away from the crystalline silicon bottom battery; the crystalline silicon bottom battery comprises a substrate and a second transparent conductive layer located on a side of the substrate away from the perovskite top battery; For two adjacent stacked cells in the same battery string, a first metal mesh of an integrally formed metal mesh structure is laid above the first transparent conductive layer of one of the stacked cells, and a second metal mesh of the metal mesh structure is laid below the second transparent conductive layer of the other stacked cell; Another adhesive film and another packaging plate are sequentially laid on the battery string and laminated at a temperature less than 100° C.

12. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a laminated cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: The lamination process satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) Lamination temperature is 80℃-85℃; (2) Lamination time is 13min-18min.

13. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module of a laminated cell according to claim 11, characterized in that: The material of the metal mesh structure is silver or tin-lead alloy; The metal mesh structure includes a mesh having a mesh size of 50 meshes or 80 meshes; The width of the strip lines forming the grid is 30 microns or 50 microns; The thickness of the grid is 20 microns.

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