Machining process of step bushing

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining process of a step bushing, and relates to the technical field of machining, the specific steps of the process are as follows: S100, die design: according to the design requirements of the step bushing, drawing a detailed three-dimensional drawing including key information of the size, angle and material of a step, analyzing the drawing, determining the feasibility of a stamping process, and determining the size of the step bushing according to the feasibility of the stamping process; comprising the stamping property of materials and the complexity of die design, the whole-process stamping technology is adopted, one-time forming of the step lining is achieved, multiple cutting procedures in a traditional machining method are remarkably reduced, due to the high-efficiency characteristic of the stamping technology, a large number of products can be produced within a short time, and the production cost is reduced. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the steps of material removal and follow-up finish machining are omitted, raw materials are saved, machining time is shortened, production cost is reduced, equipment abrasion and energy consumption caused by cutting machining are avoided, and the production cost is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a processing technology for a step bushing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of machining, step bushings, as a precision mechanical component, play a vital role in various industrial applications. They are usually used to connect rotating shafts of different diameters or as part of sliding bearings to reduce friction and wear. The traditional manufacturing process of step bushings includes multiple processes of integral forming, turning, milling, drilling and chamfering. These processes often rely on precision equipment such as CNC machining centers and wire cutting to achieve the required shape and size. Although these technologies can guarantee a certain degree of machining accuracy, they have limitations in production efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

[0003] Traditional machining centers and wire cutting technologies have obvious efficiency bottlenecks when making step bushings. Although machining centers can achieve more complex geometric shape processing, when processing thin-walled structures, in order to avoid thermal deformation, the processing speed must be slowed down, resulting in reduced production efficiency. With wire cutting technology, each process requires a certain amount of time and manpower, resulting in a longer overall production cycle. In addition, the heat generated during the cutting process not only consumes a lot of electricity, but may also cause thermal expansion of the material, affecting the processing accuracy and increasing the product defect rate.

[0004] However, the existing technology has increasingly prominent problems of energy consumption and material waste in the production process, and the heat generated during the cutting process needs to be managed by an additional cooling system, which not only consumes a lot of electricity, but also may cause thermal deformation of the workpiece and affect the processing accuracy. At the same time, the cutting process will produce a large amount of metal chips, which not only need to be properly handled, but also represent material loss. Therefore, a full-process stamping manufacturing process is developed to simplify the process flow, improve production efficiency, and be more suitable for mass production of step bushings. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and to provide a processing technology for a step bushing, which can achieve one-time stamping forming of all key parts of the step bushing through a precisely designed stamping die. This design not only simplifies the production process, but also greatly improves production efficiency, and adjusts stamping parameters in time according to monitoring results, further ensuring the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a processing technology for a step bushing, the process comprising the following steps:

[0007] S100, mold design: according to the design requirements of the step bushing, draw detailed three-dimensional drawings, including key information on the size, angle and material of the step, analyze the drawings, and determine the feasibility of the stamping process, including the stampability of the material and the complexity of the mold design;

[0008] S200, material preparation: Select metal materials that meet the requirements as stamping blanks, cut and pre-process them according to process requirements to ensure that the material surface is flat and free of defects;

[0009] S300, stamping process: placing the pre-treated material in a stamping die, and forming the complete shape of the step bushing at one time through the pressure of the stamping equipment;

[0010] S400, real-time monitoring and adjustment: through eight processes, determine the best parameters of stamping speed, pressure and holding time, set up real-time monitoring during the stamping process, monitor the key parameters of mold temperature and material flow state in real time, and adjust the stamping parameters in time according to the monitoring results to ensure the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality;

[0011] S500, Post-processing and quality control: Deburring, cleaning and inspection of stamped step bushings to ensure that the product meets quality requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific steps of S100 are:

[0013] S101, 3D modeling and simulation: Use advanced CAD software to perform 3D modeling of the step bushing, and use simulation analysis to predict the flow behavior of the material during the stamping process, providing an accurate basis for mold design;

[0014] S102, mold structure optimization: In view of the complex structure of the step bushing, a multi-stage punch and die are designed to ensure that each step can be accurately formed, and high-strength, high-wear-resistant cemented carbide and high-performance tool steel mold materials are used;

[0015] S103, Guiding and positioning: Precision guide posts and positioning pins are set in the mold to ensure that the punch and die can be accurately aligned during the stamping process to prevent molding defects caused by position deviation.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of S300 are:

[0017] S301, the first process, blanking: according to the size requirements of the bushing, select the appropriate plate for cutting, use a high-precision shearing machine for blanking, and accurately control the material width ratio;

[0018] S302, the second process, oil groove pressing: design a special oil groove mold, the cavity shape of the mold is completely consistent with the oil groove design of the bushing, and the material is plastically deformed in the oil groove mold by applying pressure through a hydraulic press to form an oil groove;

[0019] S303, the third process, punching positioning holes: using a precision punching die to punch positioning holes on the bushing;

[0020] S304, the fourth process, trimming: according to the size requirements of the bushing, the trimming mold is designed to accurately control the gap between the cutting edge of the mold and the edge of the bushing;

[0021] S305, the fifth process, edge pressing: according to the chamfer and fillet requirements in the bushing design, the edge pressing mold is designed. The mold cavity can accurately form the required chamfer size. During the edge pressing process, the pressure and speed are precisely controlled to ensure the forming quality of the bushing edge.

[0022] S306, the sixth process, rolling: use a rolling machine to roll the plate into a cylindrical shape after edge pressing. The rotation speed and pressure of the rolling machine are adjustable to adapt to the production of bushings with different diameters;

[0023] S307, the seventh process, fine forming: using a multi-station press to perform fine forming and accurately adjust the diameter, wall thickness and length of the bushing;

[0024] S308, the eighth process, grinding the outer circle: use a grinding machine to finish the outer surface of the bushing to remove burrs and minor unevenness.

[0025] Furthermore, the S102 uses a precisely designed stamping die to stamp out all key parts of the step bushing at one time, including the step, inner and outer walls and special structure. The upper and lower dies with special structures are designed to match the shape and size of the step bushing. The upper die includes a punch for forming the outer contour and step of the step bushing, and the lower die includes a concave die for supporting the raw material and providing a molding space.

[0026] Furthermore, the S300 stamping process includes blanking, pressing oil grooves, punching positioning holes, trimming, pressing edges, curling, fine forming and grinding outer circles. The entire processing process adopts stamping technology and does not require wire cutting operations.

[0027] Furthermore, when blanking is performed in S301, the material width is 0 to 1 mm greater than the actual maximum length of the bushing to reserve a processing allowance while ensuring material utilization.

[0028] Furthermore, the position accuracy of the positioning hole punched on the bushing in S303 is controlled within ±0.05mm.

[0029] Furthermore, the clearance between the cutting edge of the S304 trimming die and the edge of the bushing is controlled at 0.3-1 mm, and coolant is used for cooling during the trimming process to prevent thermal deformation of the material.

[0030] Furthermore, during the S307 fine forming process, a closed-loop control system is used to automatically adjust the forming parameters according to the feedback signal.

[0031] Furthermore, the S308 uses an external cylindrical grinder to precisely grind the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing to remove burrs and unevenness, and optimizes grinding parameters including grinding speed, feed speed and cooling conditions according to material properties and processing requirements.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the processing technology of this step bushing has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention realizes one-time forming of the step bushing by adopting full-process stamping technology, which significantly reduces the multiple cutting processes in the traditional processing method. Due to the high efficiency characteristics of the stamping process, a large number of products can be produced in a shorter time, thereby improving production efficiency. At the same time, due to the reduction of material removal and subsequent finishing steps, raw materials and processing time are saved, and production costs are reduced. In addition, the process also avoids equipment wear and energy consumption caused by cutting processing, further reducing production costs.

[0034] 2. The present invention ensures the stability of the production process by real-time monitoring and adjustment of key parameters in the stamping process, including stamping speed, pressure and holding time. It utilizes high-precision mold design and optimized stamping process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape consistency of each step bushing, so that the quality of the final product meets high standards. This strict control of the production process reduces product defects, improves product reliability and consistency, and meets the demand for high-quality components in the field of precision machining.

[0035] 3. The present invention ensures that each step can be accurately formed by designing multi-stage punches and die. At the same time, precise guide columns and positioning pins are arranged in the mold to ensure that the punch and die can be accurately aligned during the stamping process, effectively preventing molding defects caused by position deviation. In addition, in the subsequent processing stage, the surface quality and overall molding quality of the product are further improved through deburring, cleaning, inspection and other processes. Especially in the fine forming and outer circle grinding processes, multi-station presses and grinding machines are used for precise processing to ensure the precise adjustment of the diameter, wall thickness and length of the bushing, as well as the smoothness and precision of the outer surface.

[0036] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 The figure is a processing flow chart of the processing technology of a step bushing.

[0039] Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of the stamping manufacturing process of a step bushing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] A processing technology for a step bushing, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:

[0042] S100, mold design: according to the design requirements of the step bushing, draw detailed three-dimensional drawings, including key information on the size, angle and material of the step, analyze the drawings, and determine the feasibility of the stamping process, including the stampability of the material and the complexity of the mold design;

[0043] S200, material preparation: Select metal materials that meet the requirements as stamping blanks, cut and pre-process them according to process requirements to ensure that the material surface is flat and free of defects;

[0044] S300, stamping process: placing the pre-treated material in a stamping die, and forming the complete shape of the step bushing at one time through the pressure of the stamping equipment;

[0045] S400, real-time monitoring and adjustment: through eight processes, determine the best parameters of stamping speed, pressure and holding time, set up real-time monitoring during the stamping process, monitor the key parameters of mold temperature and material flow state in real time, and adjust the stamping parameters in time according to the monitoring results to ensure the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality;

[0046] S500, Post-processing and quality control: Deburring, cleaning and inspection of stamped step bushings to ensure that the product meets quality requirements.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] A processing technology for a step bushing comprises the following steps: mold design, material preparation, stamping process, real-time monitoring and adjustment, and subsequent processing and quality control.

[0049] First, enter the mold design stage (S100), use advanced CAD software to perform three-dimensional modeling of the step bushing to ensure that all dimensions, angles and material information are accurate, and predict the flow behavior of the material during the stamping process through simulation analysis, especially the molding difficulty and deformation of the step part, to provide an accurate basis for subsequent mold design. Design multi-stage punch and die to ensure that each step can be accurately formed. Use high-strength, high-wear-resistant cemented carbide and high-performance tool steel as mold materials to improve the durability and stamping accuracy of the mold. Set precise guide columns and locating pins in the mold to ensure that the punch and die can be accurately aligned during the stamping process to prevent molding defects caused by position deviation. Accurately install the guide columns and locating pins, and debug them to ensure that the mold can still maintain high-precision alignment during high-speed stamping.

[0050] Next, enter the material preparation stage (S200), select suitable metal materials such as stainless steel and aluminum alloy according to the use requirements and performance indicators of the step bushing, use precision cutting equipment to cut the raw materials into suitable sizes, and use a leveling machine to level the materials to eliminate surface unevenness and internal stress, and apply a proper amount of lubricant on the surface of the materials to reduce friction and wear during the stamping process, while improving the fluidity and molding quality of the materials.

[0051] Subsequently, the stamping process (S300) is entered, and a high-precision shearing machine or laser cutting machine is used for blanking to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the material is controlled within ±0.1mm. High-strength alloy steel is selected as the material to ensure the bearing capacity and durability of the bushing. A special oil groove mold is designed, and the cavity shape of the mold is completely consistent with the oil groove design of the bushing. Pressure is applied by a hydraulic press or a servo press to plastically deform the material in the oil groove mold to form an oil groove. A precision punching mold is used to punch out positioning holes in the material. The position accuracy of the holes is controlled within ±0.05mm. The design of the positioning holes takes into account the positioning requirements of subsequent processes and the assembly requirements of the bushing. According to the size requirements of the bushing, a trimming mold is designed, and the gap between the cutting edge of the mold and the edge of the bushing is controlled at 0.3-1mm. Coolant is used for cooling during the trimming process to prevent thermal deformation of the material. According to the bushing design, According to the requirements of chamfering and rounding, a pressing die is designed. The cavity of the die can accurately form the required chamfer size. During the pressing process, the forming quality of the bushing edge is ensured by precisely controlling the pressure and speed. A rolling machine is used to roll the sheet into a cylindrical shape after pressing. The rotation speed and pressure of the rolling machine are adjustable to adapt to the production of bushings of different diameters. During the rolling process, an online monitoring system is used to monitor the roundness and diameter in real time to ensure the forming quality. In the fine forming process, a multi-station press or servo press is used for fine forming to accurately adjust the diameter, wall thickness and length of the bushing. During the fine forming process, a closed-loop control system is used to automatically adjust the forming parameters according to the feedback signal. A cylindrical grinder is used to precisely grind the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing to remove burrs and unevenness and improve surface finish. The grinding parameters (such as grinding speed, feed speed and cooling conditions) are optimized according to material properties and processing requirements.

[0052] Then, it enters the real-time monitoring and adjustment stage (S400), using advanced automatic control equipment to ensure precise control of the stamping process. Through high-precision sensors, key data such as mold temperature, material flow speed and pressure distribution are collected in real time. There are eight monitoring processes, and each process is set with preset thresholds for stamping speed, pressure and holding time. Once any parameter deviates from the preset range, such as mold temperature rising too fast or material flow being blocked, the system immediately triggers an alarm and automatically adjusts the stamping parameters. During the stamping process, if the mold temperature reaches the warning line, the cooling system is immediately started and the stamping speed is fine-tuned to quickly return the temperature to a safe range to avoid overheating of the material and affect the molding quality. In addition, the stamping parameter combination is continuously optimized to achieve the best production efficiency and product quality at the lowest cost.

[0053] Finally, it enters the subsequent processing and quality control stage (S500). After completing the stamping and forming, it focuses on fine subsequent processing and strict quality control. Precision deburring equipment is used to carefully polish the edge of the step bushing to ensure a smooth surface without burrs. It is thoroughly cleaned with a high-pressure water gun to remove surface residues and oil stains to maintain product cleanliness. Then it enters the quality inspection link and uses machine vision to conduct a full range of inspections on the finished product, including key indicators of dimensional accuracy, shape consistency and surface quality. Any products that do not meet the standards are automatically sorted out for rework and scrapping. Qualified products are coded and marked and entered into the traceability system to ensure the traceability of product information. This series of rigorous subsequent processing and quality control measures provides a solid guarantee for the high-quality delivery of the step bushing.

[0054] Through the implementation of the above embodiment steps, a processing technology of a step bushing is explained in detail. From mold design to final product quality control, each step strictly follows the process requirements. Through high-precision mold design, strict material preparation, fine stamping process and real-time monitoring and adjustment, high-quality production of the step bushing is ensured.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] This embodiment aims to describe in detail the specific steps and conditions of the processing technology of a step bushing, and describe in detail the application of the stamping process in breaking connecting rods and pistons. Through eight processes, the optimal stamping speed, pressure and holding time parameters are determined, the mold temperature and material flow state are monitored in real time during the stamping process, and the stamping parameters are adjusted according to the monitoring results.

[0057] In the specific implementation, first of all, 3D modeling is carried out through advanced computer-aided design software to ensure that every detail of the model is consistent with the design specifications. The stamping process is simulated using simulation software, the deformation and flow of the material are analyzed, possible problems are predicted, and the mold design is optimized accordingly. The mold structure adopts high-strength, high-wear-resistant cemented carbide and high-performance tool steel to meet the needs of precision stamping. The mold design also includes precision guide columns and locating pins to ensure the accurate alignment of the mold during the stamping process. The carefully selected metal materials undergo strict quality inspection to ensure that there are no internal defects and surface flaws. Then, they are cut into appropriate-sized blanks according to the size requirements of the bushing. The cut pieces are flattened and pre-treated to prepare for the next stamping step.

[0058] According to the design drawings, the size requirements of the bushing are determined, and the appropriate high-strength alloy steel plate is selected as the raw material. The advanced shearing machine is used for high-precision blanking to ensure that the size accuracy of each blanking part is controlled within ±0.05mm. The material width is 0 to 1mm larger than the actual maximum length of the bushing to reserve sufficient processing allowance. During the blanking process, sensors and control systems with micron-level control accuracy are used to achieve automatic adjustment to ensure the consistency of each blanking part. A special oil groove mold is designed, and its cavity shape is completely consistent with the oil groove design of the bushing to ensure the accurate molding of the oil groove. The hydraulic press is used to apply The precisely controlled pressure causes the material to undergo plastic deformation in the oil groove die to form the required oil groove structure. The depth and width of the oil groove are precisely controlled by adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic press and the stroke of the die. The precise punching die is used to punch out positioning holes at the predetermined positions of the bushing. These holes are used for positioning in subsequent processes to ensure processing accuracy. The position accuracy of the punching holes is controlled within ±0.05mm. Closed-loop control is adopted to monitor the punching position in real time through an optical sensor to ensure the accuracy of each positioning hole. A special trimming die is designed to precisely control the gap between the cutting edge of the die and the edge of the bushing within 0.In the range of 3-1mm, during the trimming process, coolant is used for cooling to prevent the material from thermal deformation due to heat accumulation, ensuring the accuracy and quality of trimming. The mold in the trimming process is made of high-strength tool steel to ensure stability and durability under high load. According to the chamfering and fillet requirements in the bushing design, the pressing mold is designed, and the mold cavity can accurately form the required chamfer size. During the pressing process, the forming quality of the bushing edge is ensured by precisely controlling the pressure and speed to avoid cracks or wrinkles. The pressure sensor and speed controller are used to realize real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the pressing process. The sheet after pressing is rolled into a cylinder by a rolling machine. The rotation speed and pressure of the rolling machine are adjusted according to the different diameters of the bushing. During the rolling process, a laser rangefinder is used to monitor the diameter of the cylinder in real time to ensure that the roundness and diameter accuracy meet the design requirements. The rolling machine is equipped with an automatic control system, which can automatically adjust the rolling parameters according to the monitoring data to realize the flexible production of bushings of different diameters. The precision forming is carried out by using a multi-station press, and the diameter, wall thickness and length of the bushing are precisely adjusted to ensure that the dimensional accuracy meets the design requirements. During the precision forming process, closed-loop control is adopted to automatically adjust the forming parameters according to the feedback signals of the displacement sensor and the force sensor. Each station of the multi-station press can be independently controlled to achieve the precise forming of complex shapes. The outer surface of the bushing is fine-machined by a grinding machine to remove burrs and minor unevenness and improve the surface finish. The grinding parameters, including grinding speed, feed speed and cooling conditions, are optimized according to the material characteristics and processing requirements to obtain the best surface quality. Online detection is used to monitor the outer diameter and surface finish after grinding in real time to ensure product quality. In the entire stamping process, each step strictly follows the process flow and parameter settings to ensure the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality. Through this fine stamping process, high-precision and high-quality step bushings can be produced to meet the strict requirements in the field of precision machining. .

[0059] By real-time monitoring of key parameters such as stamping speed, pressure and holding time, as well as mold temperature and material flow status, the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality are ensured. Once deviations are found, the system automatically adjusts and prompts the operator to make manual adjustments to correct the stamping parameters to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape consistency of each bushing. This intelligent monitoring and adjustment mechanism greatly improves production efficiency, reduces the defective rate, and also reduces dependence on operator experience. The stepped bushings produced by the stamping process have extremely high dimensional accuracy and consistency, which ensures that the broken connecting rods and pistons can be precisely matched during the assembly process, thereby improving the assembly quality and performance of the entire engine. Since the stamping process can reduce the internal stress and defects of the material, the produced bushings show better durability under the harsh working conditions of the engine, reducing the failure rate caused by wear or fatigue. The stamped bushings have better metal streamlines, which helps to improve their mechanical properties under high loads, such as tensile strength and yield strength, so that the broken connecting rods and pistons can withstand higher workloads.

[0060] After the stamping process is completed, the stamped bushing is deburred to remove the sharp edges that may be generated during the stamping process, and then cleaned to remove oil and residue on the surface to prepare for subsequent inspection and use. After cleaning, each bushing undergoes strict quality inspection, including dimensional accuracy, shape consistency and surface finish. Only bushings that pass all inspections can be identified as qualified products. Quality control at this stage is a key link to ensure that the final product meets high standards. Through processes such as deburring, cleaning and inspection, the surface quality and overall molding quality of the product are further improved, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the product, and meeting the demand for high-quality components in the field of precision machining.

[0061] In summary, by implementing the above steps, a processing technology for step bushings was successfully developed, which enables manufacturers of broken connecting rods and pistons to obtain higher quality and higher performance components. At the same time, the stamping process is easy to integrate with automated production lines to achieve automated loading and unloading, automatic monitoring and adjustment, reduce manual intervention, improve the stability and predictability of the production process, optimize the production process, reduce costs, and improve market competitiveness.

[0062] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A processing technology for a step bushing, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S100, mold design: according to the design requirements of the step bushing, draw detailed three-dimensional drawings, including key information on the size, angle and material of the step, analyze the drawings, and determine the feasibility of the stamping process, including the stampability of the material and the complexity of the mold design; S200, material preparation: Select metal materials that meet the requirements as stamping blanks, cut and pre-process them according to process requirements to ensure that the material surface is flat and free of defects; S300, stamping process: placing the pre-treated material in a stamping die, and forming the complete shape of the step bushing at one time through the pressure of the stamping equipment; S400, real-time monitoring and adjustment: through eight processes, determine the best parameters of stamping speed, pressure and holding time, set up real-time monitoring during the stamping process, monitor the key parameters of mold temperature and material flow state in real time, and adjust the stamping parameters in time according to the monitoring results to ensure the stability of the production process and the consistency of product quality; S500, Post-processing and quality control: Deburring, cleaning and inspection of stamped step bushings to ensure that the product meets quality requirements.

2. According to the processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The specific steps of S100 are: S101, 3D modeling and simulation: Use advanced CAD software to perform 3D modeling of the step bushing, and use simulation analysis to predict the flow behavior of the material during the stamping process, providing an accurate basis for mold design; S102, mold structure optimization: In view of the complex structure of the step bushing, a multi-stage punch and die are designed to ensure that each step can be accurately formed, and high-strength, high-wear-resistant cemented carbide and high-performance tool steel mold materials are used; S103, Guiding and positioning: Precision guide posts and positioning pins are set in the mold to ensure that the punch and die can be accurately aligned during the stamping process to prevent molding defects caused by position deviation.

3. According to the processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: The specific steps of S300 are: S301, the first process, blanking: according to the size requirements of the bushing, select the appropriate plate for cutting, use a high-precision shearing machine for blanking, and accurately control the material width ratio; S302, the second process, oil groove pressing: design a special oil groove mold, the cavity shape of the mold is completely consistent with the oil groove design of the bushing, and the material is plastically deformed in the oil groove mold by applying pressure through a hydraulic press to form an oil groove; S303, the third process, punching positioning holes: using a precision punching die to punch positioning holes on the bushing; S304, the fourth process, trimming: according to the size requirements of the bushing, the trimming mold is designed to accurately control the gap between the cutting edge of the mold and the edge of the bushing; S305, the fifth process, edge pressing: according to the chamfer and fillet requirements in the bushing design, the edge pressing mold is designed. The mold cavity can accurately form the required chamfer size. During the edge pressing process, the pressure and speed are precisely controlled to ensure the forming quality of the bushing edge. S306, the sixth process, rolling: use a rolling machine to roll the plate into a cylindrical shape after edge pressing. The rotation speed and pressure of the rolling machine are adjustable to adapt to the production of bushings with different diameters; S307, the seventh process, fine forming: using a multi-station press to perform fine forming and accurately adjust the diameter, wall thickness and length of the bushing; S308, the eighth process, grinding the outer circle: use a grinding machine to finish the outer surface of the bushing to remove burrs and minor unevenness.

4. According to claim 2, a processing technology for a step bushing is characterized in that: The S102 uses a precisely designed stamping die to stamp out all key parts of the step bushing at one time, including the step, inner and outer walls and special structures. The upper die and lower die with special structures are designed to match the shape and size of the step bushing. The upper die includes a punch for forming the outer contour and step of the step bushing, and the lower die includes a concave die for supporting the raw material and providing a molding space.

5. The processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S300 stamping process includes blanking, pressing oil grooves, punching positioning holes, trimming, pressing edges, curling, finishing and grinding outer circles. The entire processing process adopts stamping technology and does not require wire cutting operations.

6. A processing technology for a step bushing according to claim 3, characterized in that: When blanking is performed in S301, the material width is 0 to 1 mm greater than the actual maximum length of the bushing to reserve a processing allowance and ensure material utilization.

7. A processing technology for a step bushing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position accuracy of the positioning hole punched on the bushing by S303 is controlled within ±0.05mm.

8. The processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clearance between the cutting edge of the S304 trimming die and the edge of the bushing is controlled at 0.3-1 mm, and coolant is used for cooling during the trimming process to prevent thermal deformation of the material.

9. The processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 3 is characterized in that: During the S307 fine forming process, a closed-loop control system is used to automatically adjust the forming parameters according to the feedback signal.

10. The processing technology of a step bushing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S308 uses a cylindrical grinder to precisely grind the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing to remove burrs and unevenness, and optimizes grinding parameters including grinding speed, feed speed and cooling conditions according to material properties and processing requirements.

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