Hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interfacial evaporation device for high-salinity water desalination

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a water gel-reverse osmosis membrane coupling interfacial evaporation device for desalination treatment of high-salinity water; the device comprises an evaporation device body, an electronic balance, a sunlight simulation device and a constant-temperature and constant-humidity cavity; the evaporation device body is placed in the constant-temperature and constant-humidity cavity as a whole, and the constant-temperature and constant-humidity cavity functions to ensure that the temperature and humidity during the evaporation process are constant; the application is used for seawater desalination, brine concentration, deep treatment of high-salinity wastewater and the like, and is coupled with the interfacial evaporation and membrane filtration processes; the Laplace force generated by the evaporation of the water gel surface is used to provide the power required by the membrane filtration, the evaporation process is decoupled from the desalination process, the scaling of the salt on the surface of the water gel is effectively avoided, a new solution and scheme are provided for low-consumption and high-efficiency desalination, the water gel and the reverse osmosis membrane body are used to batch-manufacture the interfacial evaporator, and the device has the characteristics of low cost and simple operation and the like, and has strong practicability and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination treatment. Background Art

[0002] Interfacial evaporators, typically 2D and 3D solar evaporators, can desalinate saline water by utilizing energy sources such as solar energy and ambient heat. These devices are characterized by zero secondary pollution, low carbon footprint, and environmental friendliness. They hold promising applications in seawater desalination, brine concentration, and high-salinity wastewater treatment. Consequently, the design and fabrication of interfacial evaporators with high evaporation flux and scalable fabrication have garnered significant attention in recent years.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned technologies often suffer from the following drawbacks: In the design and fabrication of existing interfacial evaporators, high-salt water evaporates at the interface, and the interfacial salt concentration continuously increases during the evaporation process. Excessively high interfacial salt concentrations can lead to interfacial salt scaling, resulting in a decrease in evaporation rate. To address this issue, the present invention provides a hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane-coupled interfacial evaporation device for desalination of high-salt water. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination treatment of the present invention comprises an evaporation device body, an electronic balance, a sunlight simulation device, and a constant temperature and humidity chamber; the evaporation device body is entirely placed in the constant temperature and humidity chamber, the constant temperature and humidity chamber is used to ensure constant temperature and humidity during the evaporation process, the electronic balance is used to measure the mass change of the evaporation device body and calculate the evaporation rate, and the sunlight simulation device is used to simulate sunlight;

[0006] Preferably, the evaporation device body includes an evaporator, a reverse osmosis membrane body, fiber paper, hydrogel, a water storage tank, a sealing ring and a sealing cover. The top and bottom surfaces of the reverse osmosis membrane body are fixedly connected with sealing rings. The top surface of the water storage tank is sealed with the sealing ring. The water storage tank is used to hold high-salt water to be treated. The bottom surface of the sealing cover is sealed with the sealing ring. One side of the water storage tank is connected to a water replenishment channel. The evaporator is inserted in the sealing cover. The water storage tank is provided with a water replenishment mechanism for replenishing water inside it.

[0007] Preferably, the evaporator is composed of glass fiber paper and hydrogel, wherein the glass fiber paper serves as an intermediate layer and is tightly wrapped by the hydrogel. The hydrogel is composed of acrylamide hydrogel or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydrogel, and the water content of the hydrogel is 30-60% by mass.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing ring has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, and there is a circular opening in the middle thereof for storing deionized water, and is connected to the evaporator to supply water to the evaporator; there is a 1 to 2 mm vertical through slit in the middle of the sealing cover, and the evaporator is vertically inserted into the slit, and a sealing structure for sealing the evaporator is provided on the sealing cover. When the device is running, the bottom of the evaporator extends into the hollow interior of the sealing ring by 1 to 5 mm and does not contact the reverse osmosis membrane body.

[0009] Preferably, the evaporation device body is sealed, and the power for water to pass through the reverse osmosis membrane body is provided by the Laplace force generated by evaporation from the hydrogel surface. The reverse osmosis membrane body needs to be soaked in deionized water for 24 hours before use to completely wet the membrane. The reverse osmosis front of the reverse osmosis membrane body faces downward and is in direct contact with the high-salt water in the water storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, the water replenishment mechanism includes a water replenishment tank fixed to the water storage bin by a bracket, the bottom end of the water replenishment tank is connected to a water inlet pipe, the side of the water replenishment tank close to the water replenishment channel is connected to a water outlet pipe, sealing mechanisms are provided in the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, a conduit is connected between the water outlet pipe and the water replenishment channel, the side of the water storage bin away from the water replenishment channel is connected to a circular pipe provided with a water inlet one-way valve, the inner wall of the water replenishment tank is sealingly and slidingly connected to a push plate, and a driving mechanism for driving the push plate to move is provided on the water replenishment tank.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes an electromagnet fixed on the top surface of the inner wall of the water supply tank, the push plate is made of a magnetic material that repels the electromagnet, a group of first springs are fixedly connected between the top surface of the push plate and the water supply tank, the side wall of the water storage tank is connected to a warning tube, the warning tube is fixedly connected to a guide rod and a first contact on the side of the inner wall away from the water storage tank, a disc is sealingly and slidingly connected to the guide rod, the disc is sealingly and slidingly connected to the inner wall of the warning tube, the disc is made of a lightweight material that can float, the disc is fixedly connected to the side away from the water storage tank with a second contact, and the electromagnet can be started for 7 seconds to 10 seconds when the first contact is disengaged from the second contact.

[0012] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing ball arranged in the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, the interior of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both funnel-shaped, the end of the water inlet pipe with a larger opening is upward, and the end of the water outlet pipe with a larger opening is close to the catheter, and the sealing ball is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe through an elastic rope.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom surface of the push plate is fixedly connected to an elastic plate, a plurality of groups of circular holes are provided in the elastic plate, and impact balls are provided in the circular holes.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing structure includes a hollow elastic disk fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing cover, the elastic disk is provided with a jack corresponding to the slit on the sealing cover, a cavity is provided in the water replenishing tank, a magnetic plate that is magnetically attracted to the push plate is sealingly and slidingly connected in the cavity, a second spring is fixedly connected between the top surface of the magnetic plate and the inner wall of the cavity, a connecting pipe is connected between the cavity and the elastic disk, and a disengagement mechanism for disengaging the magnetic plate from the push plate is provided in the water replenishing tank.

[0015] Preferably, the disengagement mechanism includes a driving block fixedly connected to the side of the push plate close to the cavity, the side of the driving block close to the cavity is sealed with the inner wall of the water replenishing tank, and this side is opened, the bottom surface of the water replenishing tank is provided with a water inlet hole, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a slide connected to the inner wall of the water replenishing tank, the inner wall of the slide is sealed and slidably connected with a block, the bottom surface of the slide is provided with a limiting groove, the limiting groove is fixedly connected to an elastic member for resetting the block, and the inner wall of the cavity is fixedly connected to a limiting block located above the magnetic plate.

[0016] Preferably, a group of connecting grooves connected to the circular hole are opened in the elastic disk, and an arc-shaped elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove. The elastic sheet is arched toward the side close to the circular hole, and a group of grooves are opened on the arched side of the elastic sheet. The torsion spring twists the joint scraper in the groove.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The present invention targets processes such as seawater desalination, brine concentration, and deep treatment of high-salt wastewater. It couples interfacial evaporation and membrane filtration processes, utilizing the Laplace force generated by evaporation on the hydrogel surface during the evaporation process to provide the power required for membrane filtration. This decouples the evaporation process from the desalination process, effectively preventing salt scaling on the hydrogel surface. This provides a new solution and plan for low-cost and high-efficiency desalination. The interfacial evaporator can be mass-produced using hydrogels and reverse osmosis membrane bodies, featuring low cost, simple operation, and strong practicality and economy.

[0019] 2. This invention utilizes the Laplace force to achieve water lifting, uses solar energy and ambient heat for three-dimensional interfacial evaporation, and employs hydrogel to reduce the enthalpy of water evaporation. This makes it suitable for high-salt water treatment and its application is not restricted by geographical location. This means that the invention has a wide range of applications and strong universality.

[0020] 3. The interfacial evaporation device, which couples the membrane process with the interfacial evaporation process, can utilize the reverse osmosis membrane to filter salt water, preventing salt accumulation at the evaporation interface. Furthermore, the Laplace force generated at the evaporation interface provides the driving force required for membrane filtration, ensuring a stable and efficient evaporation process. Furthermore, reports have shown that hydrogels can reduce the evaporation enthalpy of water. Using hydrogels as interfacial evaporation materials can improve heat utilization efficiency and evaporation rates. By designing a rationally structured evaporation device, utilizing the efficient coupling of membrane filtration and interfacial evaporation, and using hydrogels to reduce the evaporation enthalpy of water, effective prevention and control of salt scaling and efficient utilization of low-quality thermal energy can be achieved. This is a feasible solution for designing efficient and stable interfacial evaporators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the evaporation device body of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the evaporation device body, electronic balance, sunlight simulation device and constant temperature and humidity chamber in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the evaporation device body and the water replenishment mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water supply tank and the water storage tank in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of part of the structure;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of point A;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic disk of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C;

[0031] Figure 10 is a Δm-t linear fitting curve diagram of Example 3;

[0032] Figure 11 Δm-t linear fitting curve diagram of Example 4.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Evaporation device body; 2. Electronic balance; 3. Solar light simulation device; 4. Constant temperature and humidity chamber; 5. Evaporator; 6. Reverse osmosis membrane body; 7. Water storage tank; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Sealing cover; 10. Water supply channel; 11. Conduit; 12. Water supply tank; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Water outlet pipe; 15. Sealing ball; 16. Elastic rope; 17. Disc; 18. Guide rod; 19. First contact; 20. Second contact; 21. Electromagnet; 22. Push plate; 23. Cavity; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. Elastic plate; 26. Magnetic plate; 27. Stop block; 28. Limiting groove; 29. ​​Driving block; 30. Water inlet hole; 31. Round hole; 32. Elastic sheet; 33. Groove; 34. Jack; 35. Connecting groove; 36. Scraper; 37. Elastic disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] Example 1: Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an evaporation device body 1, an electronic balance 2, a sunlight simulation device 3, and a constant temperature and humidity chamber 4; the evaporation device body 1 is placed as a whole in the constant temperature and humidity chamber 4, and the constant temperature and humidity chamber 4 is used to ensure constant temperature and humidity during the evaporation process. The electronic balance 2 is used to measure the mass change of the evaporation device body 1 and calculate the evaporation rate. The sunlight simulation device 3 is used to simulate sunlight.

[0036] The evaporation device body 1 includes an evaporator 5, a reverse osmosis membrane body 6, fiber paper, hydrogel, a water storage tank 7, a sealing ring 8 and a sealing cover 9. The top and bottom surfaces of the reverse osmosis membrane body 6 are fixedly connected with a sealing ring 8. The top surface of the water storage tank 7 is sealed with the sealing ring 8. The water storage tank 7 is used to hold high-salt water to be treated. The bottom surface of the sealing cover 9 is sealed with the sealing ring 8. One side of the water storage tank 7 is connected to a water replenishment channel 10. The evaporator 5 is inserted in the sealing cover 9. The water storage tank 7 is provided with a water replenishment mechanism for replenishing water therein.

[0037] The evaporator 5 is composed of glass fiber paper and hydrogel. The glass fiber paper serves as an intermediate layer and is tightly wrapped by the hydrogel. The hydrogel is composed of acrylamide hydrogel or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydrogel. The water content of the hydrogel is 30-60% by mass.

[0038] The sealing ring 8 has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a circular opening in the middle for storing deionized water. It is connected to the evaporator 5 to supply water to the evaporator 5. A 1 to 2 mm vertical slit is present in the middle of the sealing cover 9, and the evaporator 5 is vertically inserted into the slit. The sealing cover 9 is provided with a sealing structure for sealing the evaporator 5. When the device is in operation, the bottom of the evaporator 5 extends into the hollow interior of the sealing ring 8 by 1 to 5 mm and does not contact the reverse osmosis membrane body 6.

[0039] The evaporation device body 1 is sealed, and the power for water to pass through the reverse osmosis membrane body 6 is provided by the Laplace force generated by the evaporation of the hydrogel surface. The reverse osmosis membrane body 6 needs to be soaked in deionized water for 24 hours before use to completely wet the membrane. The reverse osmosis front of the reverse osmosis membrane body 6 faces downward and is in direct contact with the high-salt water in the water storage tank 7.

[0040] Example 2: Figures 3 to 9 As shown, in contrast to Example 1, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the water replenishing mechanism includes a water replenishing tank 12 fixed to the water storage bin 7 by a bracket, the bottom end of the water replenishing tank 12 is connected with a water inlet pipe 13, the side of the water replenishing tank 12 close to the water replenishing channel 10 is connected with a water outlet pipe 14, the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14 are both provided with a sealing mechanism, the water outlet pipe 14 and the water replenishing channel 10 are connected with a conduit 11, the side of the water storage bin 7 away from the water replenishing channel 10 is connected with a round pipe provided with a water inlet one-way valve, the inner wall of the water replenishing tank 12 is sealed and slidably connected with a push plate 22, and the water replenishing tank 12 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the push plate 22 to move;

[0041] During the execution of the evaporation operation, in order to ensure that the water volume in the water storage tank 7 is maintained in a sufficient state, the water replenishment process currently relies on manual operation, which increases the complexity of replenishing salt water to a certain extent. If the staff fails to replenish the salt water in time, it may have an adverse effect on the normal operation of the entire device. The present invention opens the sealing mechanism in the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14, and then connects an external pipe to the water inlet pipe 13, so that the salt water can enter the water replenishment tank 12 from the water inlet pipe 13 for storage. When the water level in the water replenishment tank 12 rises, it will push the push plate 22 to move upward, and the water in the water replenishment tank 12 will be stored. After storage is completed, the sealing mechanism will seal the water inlet pipe 13, and then use the round tube to inject salt water into the water storage tank 7. At this time, when the device is working, when the salt water in the water storage tank 7 is insufficient, the driving mechanism will drive the push plate 22 to move downward, thereby pushing the water in the water replenishment tank 12, and the sealing mechanism in the water storage outlet pipe 14 will open, allowing the salt water to enter the water storage tank 7 along the outlet pipe 14, the conduit 11 and the water replenishment channel 10 to replenish the salt water in the water storage tank 7. The above mechanism achieves the effect of automatically replenishing the water in the water storage tank 7, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device.

[0042] The driving mechanism includes an electromagnet 21 fixed to the top surface of the inner wall of the water replenishing tank 12, the push plate 22 is made of a magnetic material that repels the electromagnet 21, and a group of first springs are fixedly connected between the top surface of the push plate 22 and the water replenishing tank 12. The side wall of the water storage tank 7 is connected to a warning tube, and the warning tube is fixedly connected to a guide rod 18 and a first contact 19 on the side away from the inner wall of the water storage tank 7. A disc 17 is sealingly and slidably connected to the guide rod 18, and the disc 17 is sealingly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the warning tube. The disc 17 is made of a lightweight material that can float, and a second contact 20 is fixedly connected to the side of the disc 17 away from the water storage tank 7. When the first contact 19 is disengaged from the second contact 20, the electromagnet 21 can be activated for 7 seconds to 10 seconds;

[0043] In the present application, when salt water is injected into the water storage tank 7 through the circular tube, the salt water will enter the warning tube. As the water level rises, the salt water will push the disc 17 to move in the warning tube, so that the first contact 19 contacts the second contact 20. In the process of the water level in the water storage tank 7 continuously decreasing, after the water level drops below the highest point of the warning tube, the disc 17 will move with the water level. At this time, the first contact 19 will be disengaged from the second contact 20, thereby starting the electromagnet 21 to push the push plate 22 to push the water in the water replenishment tank 12 into the water storage tank 7. Through the above mechanism, when the water level in the water storage tank 7 drops to a predetermined position, the water storage tank 7 can be automatically replenished with water.

[0044] The sealing mechanism includes a sealing ball 15 disposed in the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14. The interiors of the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14 are both funnel-shaped, with the larger opening end of the water inlet pipe 13 facing upward, and the larger opening end of the water outlet pipe 14 close to the conduit 11. The sealing ball 15 is connected to the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14 via an elastic rope 16;

[0045] When water is introduced into the water inlet pipe 13, the water flow will push the sealing ball 15 in the water inlet pipe 13 to no longer seal the water inlet pipe 13. At this time, water will enter the water supply tank 12. When the water level reaches the outlet pipe 14, the elastic rope 16 pulls the sealing ball 15 in the outlet pipe 14, so that the sealing ball 15 can continue to seal the outlet pipe 14. After the water supply tank 12 is filled with water, the water injection is stopped. At this time, the elastic rope 16 will pull the sealing ball 15 to seal the water inlet pipe 13. When the water storage tank 7 needs to be replenished with water, the push plate 22 pushes the water. At this time, the water will push the outlet pipe 14 The sealing ball 15 inside the water outlet pipe 13 makes the sealing ball 15 no longer seal the water outlet pipe 14. The sealing ball 15 in the water inlet pipe 13 will only fit more closely with the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 13 when pushed by the water pressure to prevent water leakage. After the water storage tank 7 is replenished with water, the sealing elastic rope 16 in the water outlet pipe 14 will seal the water outlet pipe 14 to prevent the first spring from pulling the push plate 22 to reset, which will suck the water in the water storage tank 7 out of the conduit 11. When the push plate 22 is reset, it will suck the sealing ball 15 in the water inlet pipe 13, so that air can enter the water replenishment tank 12 to allow the push plate 22 to reset.

[0046] The bottom surface of the push plate 22 is fixedly connected to an elastic plate 25, and a plurality of groups of circular holes 31 are provided in the elastic plate 25, and impact balls are provided in the circular holes 31; in the present application, the water to be used is salt water. If any water remains on the bottom surface of the push plate 22, crystals will form, which will affect the use of the push plate 22 for a long time. At this time, the electromagnet 21 can be manually operated to be started intermittently and the push plate 22 can be pushed repeatedly. At this time, the push plate 22 will drive the elastic plate 25 to move up and down under the action of the first spring. At this time, the impact balls in the elastic plate 25 will hit the circular holes 31, thereby making the elastic plate 25 shake. At this time, the elastic plate 25 is in contact with the water, and the water will remain on the elastic plate 25, thereby shaking off the water on the elastic plate 25 to prevent water from remaining on the bottom surface of the elastic plate 25.

[0047] The sealing structure includes a hollow elastic disk 37 fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing cover 9, and a socket 34 corresponding to the slit on the sealing cover 9 is formed on the elastic disk 37. A cavity 23 is formed in the water replenishing tank 12, and a magnetic plate 26 that is magnetically attracted to the push plate 22 is sealingly and slidably connected in the cavity 23. A second spring is fixedly connected between the top surface of the magnetic plate 26 and the inner wall of the cavity 23. A connecting pipe 24 is connected between the cavity 23 and the elastic disk 37. A disengagement mechanism for disengaging the magnetic plate 26 from the push plate 22 is provided in the water replenishing tank 12;

[0048] The present application pushes the push plate 22 downward by the electromagnet 21. At this time, there is no water in the water replenishment tank 12. At this time, the push plate 22 will drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward. At this time, the cavity 23 will absorb the gas in the elastic disk 37 from the connecting pipe 24, causing the elastic disk 37 to shrink. At this time, the aperture of the socket 34 will become larger, making it easier for the evaporator 5 to be inserted into the socket 34. Then, the evaporator 5 is inserted into the socket 34. At this time, the evaporator 5 will enter the slit, and at the same time, the function of shrinking the elastic disk 37 is also conducive to the subsequent removal of the evaporator 5. Then the electromagnet 21 is closed. At this time, the second spring The magnetic plate 26 will be pulled to reset, and the first spring will also drive the push plate 22 to reset. When the magnetic plate 26 is reset, it will push the gas in the cavity 23 from the connecting pipe 24 into the elastic disk 37 to expand. At this time, the socket 34 will fit with the evaporator 5, thereby achieving the effect of sealing the evaporator 5. After that, water is added to the water supply tank 12. When the push plate 22 moves downward to push the water, the magnetic plate 26 is separated from the push plate 22 through the disengagement mechanism, so that the push plate 22 does not drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward when it moves downward, thereby preventing the elastic disk 37 from drying up and affecting the sealing of the evaporator 5.

[0049] The disengagement mechanism includes a driving block 29 fixedly connected to the side of the push plate 22 close to the cavity 23, the side of the driving block 29 close to the cavity 23 is sealed with the inner wall of the water replenishing tank 12, and this side is open, the bottom surface of the water replenishing tank 12 is provided with a water inlet hole 30, the inner wall of the cavity 23 is provided with a chute connected to the inner wall of the water replenishing tank 12, the inner wall of the chute is sealed and slidably connected with a stopper 27, the bottom surface of the chute is provided with a limiting groove 28, the limiting groove 28 is fixedly connected with an elastic member for resetting the stopper 27, and the inner wall of the cavity 23 is fixedly connected with a limiting block located above the magnetic plate 26;

[0050] When the push plate 22 of the present invention moves downward to push the water, the water will enter the driving block 29 from the circular hole 31. Then, when the driving block 29 reaches the pushing block, the push plate 22 is aligned with the magnetic plate 26. At this time, the driving block 29 continues to move downward, and the water pressure will push the stopper 27, so that the stopper 27 blocks the magnetic plate 26. After that, when the push plate 22 moves to the position of the magnetic plate 26, because the magnetic plate 26 is limited by the stopper 27, the push plate 22 cannot drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward. Until the top surface of the driving block 29 is disengaged from the stopper 27, the elastic member will drive the push block to reset. When there is no water in the water replenishment tank 12, there will be no water to push the push block when the push plate 22 is moving. At this time, the magnetic plate 26 can be driven to move normally. The above mechanism is used to control the connection state of the magnetic plate 26 and the push plate 22 under different circumstances.

[0051] The elastic disk 37 is provided with a group of communicating grooves 35 communicating with the circular hole 31. An arc-shaped elastic piece 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communicating groove 35. The elastic piece 32 is arched toward the side close to the circular hole 31. A group of grooves 33 are provided on the arched side of the elastic piece 32. The grooves 33 are provided with a torsion spring twist joint scraper 36.

[0052] In the present application, during the expansion of the elastic disk 37, the gas preferentially pushes the elastic sheet 32 ​​to expand, so that the elastic sheet 32 ​​fits against the evaporator 5, and then the circular hole 31 fits against the evaporator 5. The double sealing of the elastic sheet 32 ​​and the circular hole 31 can improve the sealing effect of the evaporator 5. When the elastic sheet 32 ​​fits against the evaporator 5, the scraper will rotate and be retracted into the groove 33. When the elastic disk 37 is deflated, the elastic sheet 32 ​​will move away from the evaporator 5. At this time, the scraper 36 will contact the evaporator 5. Then, when the evaporator 5 is removed, the scraper 36 will scrape off the water on the evaporator 5. When the evaporator 5 is in use, water will remain on the surface of the evaporator 5. The scraped water will enter the water storage tank 7 for continued use, preventing unnecessary waste.

[0053] Example 3: Figure 10 As shown, the evaporation rate of the interface evaporator 5 in treating 3.5 wt% sodium chloride brine is measured using the evaporation device body 1, and the steps are as follows:

[0054] The temperature and humidity are controlled by the constant temperature and humidity chamber 4, and the temperature and humidity are 20°C and 40% respectively;

[0055] Prepare a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 3.5wt% in the water storage tank 7 and adjust the solution temperature to 20°C;

[0056] Assemble the evaporation device of the hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupling interface together, and add sodium chloride solution into the water supply channel 10, with the liquid level higher than the evaporator 5;

[0057] After the liquid level stabilizes, add an AM1.5G filter to the sunlight simulation device 3 and turn on the sunlight simulation light source so that the light directly hits the evaporator 5. Adjust the light source intensity to 1000W / m2. Record the mass of the device every 10 minutes and calculate the mass change Δm.

[0058] With time t as the abscissa and mass change Δm as the ordinate, a linear fitting is performed on the measured data to obtain a linear fitting curve;

[0059] According to the fitting curve results, the evaporation rate of evaporator 5 is calculated as v = 0.00478 g / min, and the evaporation rate per unit area R is calculated as follows:

[0060]

[0061] The evaporation rate of the evaporator 5 when treating 3.5wt% sodium chloride brine is 2.87kg / (m 2 ·h).

[0062] Example 4: Figure 11 As shown, the evaporation rate of the interface evaporator 5 in treating 10 wt% sodium chloride brine is measured using the evaporation device body 1, and the steps are as follows: the temperature and humidity are controlled by the constant temperature and humidity chamber 4, and the temperature and humidity are 20°C and 40% respectively;

[0063] Prepare a sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 10 wt% in the water storage tank 7 and adjust the solution temperature to 20°C;

[0064] Assemble the hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device body 1 together, and add sodium chloride solution into the water supply channel 10, with the liquid level higher than the evaporator 5;

[0065] After the liquid level stabilizes, add an AM1.5G filter to the sunlight simulation device 3 and turn on the sunlight simulation light source so that the light directly hits the interface evaporator 5. Adjust the light source intensity to 1000 W / m2. Record the mass of the device every 10 minutes and calculate the mass change Δm.

[0066] With time t as the abscissa and mass change Δm as the ordinate, a linear fitting is performed on the measured data to obtain a linear fitting curve;

[0067] According to the fitting curve results, the evaporation rate of evaporator 5 is calculated as v = 0.00442 g / min. The evaporation rate per unit area is calculated as follows:

[0068]

[0069] The evaporation rate of the evaporator 5 when treating 10 wt% sodium chloride brine is 2.65 kg / (m 2 ·h).

[0070] Working principle: The present invention opens the sealing mechanism in the water inlet pipe 13 and the water outlet pipe 14, and then connects an external pipe to the water inlet pipe 13, so that the salt water can enter the water replenishment tank 12 from the water inlet pipe 13 for storage. When the water level in the water replenishment tank 12 rises, it will push the push plate 22 to move upward. After the water in the water replenishment tank 12 is stored, the sealing mechanism will seal the water inlet pipe 13, and then use the round pipe to inject salt water into the water storage tank 7. At this time, when the device is working, when the salt water in the water storage tank 7 is insufficient, the driving mechanism will drive the push plate 22 to move downward, thereby pushing the water in the water replenishment tank 12, and the sealing mechanism in the water storage outlet pipe 14 will open, allowing the salt water to enter the water storage tank 7 along the outlet pipe 14, the conduit 11 and the water replenishment channel 10 to replenish the salt water in the water storage tank 7. The above mechanism achieves the effect of automatically replenishing the water in the water storage tank 7, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device. In the present application, when salt water is injected into the water storage tank 7 through the circular tube, the salt water will enter the warning tube. As the water level rises, the salt water will push the disc 17 to move in the warning tube, so that the first contact 19 contacts the second contact 20. In the process of the water level in the water storage tank 7 continuously decreasing, after the water level drops below the highest point of the warning tube, the disc 17 will move with the water level. At this time, the first contact 19 will be disengaged from the second contact 20, thereby starting the electromagnet 21 to push the push plate 22 to push the water in the water replenishment tank 12 into the water storage tank 7. Through the above mechanism, when the water level in the water storage tank 7 drops to a predetermined position, the effect of automatically replenishing the water storage tank 7 can be achieved.

[0071] When the water level in the water supply tank 12 reaches the outlet pipe 14, the elastic rope 16 pulls the sealing ball 15 in the outlet pipe 14, so that the sealing ball 15 can continue to seal the outlet pipe 14. After the water supply tank 12 is filled with water, the water injection is stopped. At this time, the elastic rope 16 will pull the sealing ball 15 to seal the water inlet pipe 13. Later, when the water storage tank 7 needs to be replenished with water, the push plate 22 pushes the water. At this time, the water will push the sealing ball 15 in the outlet pipe 14, so that the sealing ball 15 no longer seals the outlet pipe 14. The sealing ball 15 in the water inlet pipe 13 will only fit more closely with the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 13 when pushed by the water pressure to prevent water leakage. After the water storage tank 7 is replenished with water, the sealing elastic rope in the outlet pipe 14 When the push plate 22 is reset, it will suck the sealing ball 15 in the water inlet pipe 13, so that air can enter the water supply tank 12 and the push plate 22 can be reset. In this application, the water to be used is salt water. At this time, if there is water remaining on the bottom surface of the push plate 22, it will form crystals, which will affect the use of the push plate 22 for a long time. At this time, the electromagnet 21 can be manually operated intermittently to repeatedly push the push plate 22. At this time, the push plate 22 will drive the elastic plate 25 to move up and down under the action of the first spring. At this time, the impact ball in the elastic plate 25 will hit the circular hole 31, thereby causing the elastic plate 25 to shake. At this time, the elastic plate 25 is in contact with the water, and the water will remain on the elastic plate 25, thereby shaking the water on the elastic plate 25 off and preventing water from remaining on the bottom surface of the elastic plate 25.

[0072] The present application pushes the push plate 22 downward by the electromagnet 21. At this time, there is no water in the water replenishment tank 12. At this time, the push plate 22 will drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward. At this time, the cavity 23 will absorb the gas in the elastic disk 37 from the connecting pipe 24, causing the elastic disk 37 to shrink. At this time, the aperture of the socket 34 will become larger, making it easier for the evaporator 5 to be inserted into the socket 34. Then, the evaporator 5 is inserted into the socket 34. At this time, the evaporator 5 will enter the slit, and at the same time, the function of shrinking the elastic disk 37 is also conducive to the subsequent removal of the evaporator 5. Then the electromagnet 21 is closed. At this time, the second spring The magnetic plate 26 will be pulled to reset, and the first spring will also drive the push plate 22 to reset. When the magnetic plate 26 is reset, it will push the gas in the cavity 23 from the connecting pipe 24 into the elastic disk 37 to expand. At this time, the socket 34 will fit with the evaporator 5, thereby achieving the effect of sealing the evaporator 5. After that, water is added to the water supply tank 12. When the push plate 22 moves downward to push the water, the magnetic plate 26 is separated from the push plate 22 through the disengagement mechanism. When the push plate 22 moves downward, it does not drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward, thereby preventing the elastic disk 37 from drying up and affecting the sealing of the evaporator 5.

[0073] When the push plate 22 moves downward to push the water, the water will enter the driving block 29 from the circular hole 31. Then, when the driving block 29 reaches the pushing block, the push plate 22 is aligned with the magnetic plate 26. At this time, the driving block 29 continues to move downward, and the water pressure will push the stopper 27, so that the stopper 27 blocks the magnetic plate 26. After that, when the push plate 22 moves to the position of the magnetic plate 26, the magnetic plate 26 is limited by the stopper 27, so that the push plate 22 cannot drive the magnetic plate 26 to move downward. Until the top surface of the driving block 29 is separated from the stopper 27, the elastic member will drive the pushing block to reset. When there is no water in the water replenishment tank 12, there will be no water to push the pushing block when the push plate 22 is moving. At this time, the magnetic plate 26 can be driven to move normally. The above mechanism is used to control the connection state of the magnetic plate 26 and the push plate 22 under different conditions.

[0074] In the present application, during the expansion of the elastic disk 37, the gas preferentially pushes the elastic sheet 32 ​​to expand, so that the elastic sheet 32 ​​fits against the evaporator 5, and then the circular hole 31 fits against the evaporator 5. The double sealing of the elastic sheet 32 ​​and the circular hole 31 can improve the sealing effect of the evaporator 5. When the elastic sheet 32 ​​fits against the evaporator 5, the scraper will rotate and be retracted into the groove 33. When the elastic disk 37 is deflated, the elastic sheet 32 ​​will move away from the evaporator 5. At this time, the scraper 36 will contact the evaporator 5. Then, when the evaporator 5 is removed, the scraper 36 will scrape off the water on the evaporator 5. When the evaporator 5 is in use, water will remain on the surface of the evaporator 5. The scraped water will enter the water storage tank 7 for continued use, preventing unnecessary waste.

[0075] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, up and down are all based on the Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination treatment, comprising an evaporation device body (1), an electronic balance (2), a sunlight simulation device (3) and a constant temperature and humidity chamber (4); characterized in that: The evaporation device body (1) is placed as a whole in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (4). The constant temperature and humidity chamber (4) is used to ensure constant temperature and humidity during the evaporation process. The electronic balance (2) is used to measure the mass change of the evaporation device body (1) and calculate the evaporation rate. The sunlight simulation device (3) is used to simulate sunlight. The evaporation device body (1) comprises an evaporator (5), a reverse osmosis membrane body (6), fiber paper, hydrogel, a water storage tank (7), a sealing ring (8) and a sealing cover (9); the top surface and the bottom surface of the reverse osmosis membrane body (6) are fixedly connected to the sealing ring (8); the top surface of the water storage tank (7) is sealedly connected to the sealing ring (8); the water storage tank (7) is used to contain high-salt water to be treated; the bottom surface of the sealing cover (9) is sealedly connected to the sealing ring (8); one side of the water storage tank (7) is connected to a water replenishment channel (10); the evaporator (5) is inserted into the sealing cover (9); and the water storage tank (7) is provided with a water replenishment mechanism for replenishing water therein; The evaporator (5) is composed of glass fiber paper and hydrogel, wherein the glass fiber paper serves as an intermediate layer and is tightly wrapped by the hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel is composed of acrylamide hydrogel or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydrogel; The sealing cover (9) is provided with a sealing structure for sealing the evaporator (5); The water replenishing mechanism comprises a water replenishing tank (12) fixed to the water storage tank (7) via a bracket; The sealing structure comprises a hollow elastic disk (37) fixedly connected to the top surface of the sealing cover (9), a socket (34) corresponding to the slit on the sealing cover (9) is provided on the elastic disk (37), a cavity (23) is provided in the water replenishing tank (12), a magnetic plate (26) magnetically attracted to the push plate (22) is sealingly and slidably connected in the cavity (23), a second spring is fixedly connected between the top surface of the magnetic plate (26) and the inner wall of the cavity (23), a connecting pipe (24) is connected between the cavity (23) and the elastic disk (37), and a disengagement mechanism for disengaging the magnetic plate (26) from the push plate (22) is provided in the water replenishing tank (12).

2. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water content of the hydrogel is 30-60% by mass.

3. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing ring (8) has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and a circular opening in the middle thereof for storing deionized water and is connected to the evaporator (5) to supply water to the evaporator (5); a 1 to 2 mm vertical through slit is present in the middle of the sealing cover (9), and the evaporator (5) is vertically inserted into the slit.

4. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the water replenishment tank (12) is connected to a water inlet pipe (13), and the side of the water replenishment tank (12) close to the water replenishment channel (10) is connected to a water outlet pipe (14). A sealing mechanism is provided in both the water inlet pipe (13) and the water outlet pipe (14). A conduit (11) is connected between the water outlet pipe (14) and the water replenishment channel (10). The side of the water storage tank (7) away from the water replenishment channel (10) is connected to a circular pipe provided with a water inlet check valve. The inner wall of the water replenishment tank (12) is sealingly and slidably connected to a push plate (22), and a driving mechanism for driving the push plate (22) to move is provided on the water replenishment tank (12).

5. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes an electromagnet (21) fixed on the top surface of the inner wall of the water supply tank, the push plate (22) is made of a magnetic material that repels the electromagnet (21), a group of first springs are fixedly connected between the top surface of the push plate (22) and the water supply tank (12), the side wall of the water storage tank (7) is connected to a warning tube, the side of the warning tube away from the inner wall of the water storage tank (7) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (18) and a first contact (19), the guide rod (18) is sealed and slidably connected to a disc (17), the disc (17) is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall of the warning tube, the disc (17) is made of a floating lightweight material, the side of the disc (17) away from the water storage tank (7) is fixedly connected to a second contact (20), and the electromagnet (21) is started for 7 seconds to 10 seconds when the first contact (19) is separated from the second contact (20).

6. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing mechanism comprises a sealing ball (15) arranged in the water inlet pipe (13) and the water outlet pipe (14); the interiors of the water inlet pipe (13) and the water outlet pipe (14) are both funnel-shaped; the larger opening end of the water inlet pipe (13) faces upward, and the larger opening end of the water outlet pipe (14) is close to the conduit (11); the sealing ball (15) is connected to the water inlet pipe (13) and the water outlet pipe (14) via an elastic rope (16).

7. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the push plate (22) is fixedly connected to an elastic plate (25), and a plurality of groups of circular holes (31) are provided in the elastic plate (25), and impact balls are provided in the circular holes (31).

8. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disengagement mechanism includes a driving block (29) fixedly connected to a side of the push plate (22) close to the cavity (23); the side of the driving block (29) close to the cavity (23) is sealed with the inner wall of the water supply tank (12), and this side is open; the bottom surface of the water supply tank (12) is provided with a water inlet hole (30); the inner wall of the cavity (23) is provided with a chute connected to the inner wall of the water supply tank (12); the inner wall of the chute is sealingly and slidingly connected to a stopper (27); the bottom surface of the chute is provided with a limiting groove (28); an elastic member for resetting the stopper (27) is fixedly connected to the limiting groove (28); and the inner wall of the cavity (23) is fixedly connected to a limiting block located above the magnetic plate (26).

9. The hydrogel-reverse osmosis membrane coupled interface evaporation device for high-salt water desalination according to claim 8, characterized in that: A group of communication grooves (35) communicating with the circular hole (31) are provided in the elastic disk (37), and an arc-shaped elastic sheet (32) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the communication groove (35). The elastic sheet (32) is arched toward a side close to the circular hole (31), and a group of grooves (33) are provided on the arched side of the elastic sheet (32). A torsion spring twist joint scraper (36) is passed through the groove (33).

Images